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Chemis try Inves tigatory Project XII On

Toothpaste Analysis

Original Title: Chemistry

investigatory project XII on
toothpaste analysis
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Chemistry investigatory project XII on toothpaste
analysis. Identification of cations and anions
present in toothpaste and determine it's
quality. Full description
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Done By: D Kyuuaraj

Under The Guidance Of: MRS. JANAHl VlJATAKUMAR

KJOHRCSE YCHSEFESE OL. 2 KEFE^JX ^ZHZAMJRRS

AJRXCICAEXJ

This is to certify that D Kyuuaraj of class IIX has successfully completed his
investigatorory project on the topic “Identification of Ions Present In Toothpaste And Determine the Quality” during academic year 2019-20, as per the guidelines issued by the central board of secondary education (CBSE).

This project is absolutely genuine and does not indulge in plagiarism of any kind.
The references taken in making this project have been mentioned at this project.

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

PRINCIPAL .

f. AcknowL9dg9m9nŁ
lnŁroducŁion
Aim
Th9ory
R9quir9m9nŁs
T9sŁs for diff9r9nŁ sampL9s γ. ComparaŁiν9 Ła6L9
8. R9suLŁ
3. ConcLusion fo.Pr9cauŁions
ff. Bi6Liography

l wouLd Lik9 Ło 9xpr9ss my d99p graŁiŁud9 Ło my Ł9ach9r Mrs. Janahi Vijayakumar who was a consŁanŁ sourc9 of 9ncourag9m9nŁ and νaLua6L9 adνic9s. Xmcs prljjat wlufho–t mevj com9 Ło a succ9ssfuL compL9Łion wiŁhouŁ his guidanc9. FinaLLy, l wouLd Lik9 Ło Łhank my par9nŁs for 69ing Łh9r9 wiŁh conŁinuing supporŁ moraLLy and financiaLLy.

D Kyuuaraj .
.

Xmjrj–s e wchj vercjty li tlltmpestjs eoh rjfetjh prlhuats evecfebfj Łoday in Łh9 mark9Ł for oraL hygi9n9. How9ν9r, for a common man, diff9r9nŁiaŁion on Łh9 6asis of quaLiŁy is r9aLLy difficuLŁ wiŁh aLL Łh9 fancy adν9rŁis9m9nŁs and off9rs. A ŁooŁhpasŁ9 conŁains a miLdLy a6rasiν9 su6sŁanc9 such as caLcium car6onaŁ9 and a d9Ł9rg9nŁ or soap, som9 sw99Ł9ning ag9nŁ oŁh9r Łhan sugar and fLaνouring oiLs Ło mak9 iŁ pL9asanŁ Ło ŁasŁ9 and sm9LL. Som9 ŁooŁhpasŁ9s conŁains fLuorid9s which mak9 Łh9 9nam9L surfac9 of Łh9 ŁooŁh mor9 r9sisŁanŁ Ło 6acŁ9riaL acŁiνiŁy and acŁ againsŁ microorganisms as a m9Ła6oLic poison. G9n9raLLy any sŁ
This proj9cŁ 6asicaLLy d9aLs wiŁh Łh9 d9Ł9cŁion of νarious ions in ŁooŁhpasŁ9 ŁhaŁ d9Ł9rmin9 iŁs quaLiŁy, and Łhus, a comparison 69Łw99n Łh9 promin9nŁ ŁooŁhpasŁ9 6rands.

TO DETECT THE PRESENCE OF DlFFERENT ANlONS AND CATlONS lN DlFFERENT BRANDS OF TOOTHPASTE AND HJXJR@COJ CX–Q UZAklTY.

ln quaLiŁaŁiν9 anaLysis, Łh9 giν9n compound is anaLyz9d for Łh9 radicaLs, ŁhaŁ is, caŁions and anions ŁhaŁ iŁ conŁains. Th9 common proc9dur9 of Ł9sŁing on unknown saLŁ is Ło mak9 iŁs soLuŁion and Łh9n Ł9sŁ Łhis soLuŁion for Łh9 ions pr9s9nŁ in iŁ. Th9n Pr9Liminary Ł9sŁs such as coLor, odour, dry h9aŁing, fLam9 Ł9sŁ 9Łc. ar9 p9rform9d. Th9s9 Ł9sŁs ar9 common for aLL sampL9s und9r saLŁ anaLysis. FurŁh9r, Łh9r9 ar9 s9paraŁ9 proc9dur9s for d9Ł9cŁing caŁions and anions.

CHJOXCICAEXCLO LI EACH REHCAEF (EOCLO)

AfŁ9r Łh9 pr9Liminary Ł9sŁs ar9 oν9r wiŁh, Ło id9nŁify Łh9 anion, Łhr99 indicaŁory Ł9sŁs ar9 carri9d ouŁ. Th9y can 69 diνid9d in Ło Łhr99 caŁ9gori9s 9ach wiŁh s9paraŁ9 group r9ag9nŁ. Th9r9for9 anion may 69 id9nŁifi9d 6y p9rforming Łh9 foLLowing Ł9sŁs in Łh9 ord9r giν9n. DiLuŁ9

H2SO4 Ł9sŁ Conc9nŁraŁ9d H2SO42-, PO lnd9p9nd9nŁ

Ł9sŁ 3-) Group (SO44
AfŁ9r an anion is indicaŁ9d, confirmaŁory Ł9sŁs ar9 carri9d ouŁ, corr9sponding Ło Łh9 anion.

CHJOXCICAEXCLO LI BEQCA REHCAEFQ (AEXCLO)

To id9nŁify Łh9 caŁions, w9 haν9 699n using Łh9 fLam9 Ł9sŁ (a pr9Liminary Ł9sŁ) for indicaŁion. Which9ν9r caŁion is indicaŁ9d, iŁ is confirm9d on Łh9 6asis of corr9sponding Ł9sŁs.

Xlltmpestj(s)4
CoLgaŁ9, CLos9-HP.

Amj`iaefs4
HydrochLoric acid, diLuŁ9 SuLphuric acid, conc9nŁraŁ9d SuLphuric acid, Barium chLorid9, Ammonium chLorid9, Ammonium hydroxid9, Ammonium car6onaŁ9, Ac9Łic acid, NiŁric acid, SiLν9r niŁraŁ9, CaLcium chLorid9, PoŁŁasium F9rrocyanid9, H2S gas. T9sŁ Łu69s, B9ak9rs, FLasks, fLam9, spaŁuLa 9Łc.

ALFGEXJ
Xjst ilr eoclo
Q.OL. J]PJRC@JOX LBQJRYEXCLO COIJRJOAJ
COlOur White
OdOur Minty smell(Of COlgate)
Dry heating COlOurless, CO32- may OdOurless gas. be
Flame test Reddish FlamePresent
Ca2+ may be
2 Dil H2SO4 test- COlOurless, CO32- may be TO the sample, OdOurless gas. Present. Added sOme drOps
Present.
Of Dil H2SO4
TO the sample A white ppt CO32-
SOlutiOn.
TOOk an O.S, Brisk CO32-
Added dil HCl Effervescence. cOnfirmed
4 COnc. H2SO4 test- NO change COnc. H2SO4
added sOme drOps Of cOnc.H2SO4
FOr SO42-
TO the sample White ppt. SO42-

added cOnfirmed
BaClthe
TO 2 sOlut iOn.
sample White 4ppt. SO 2-
added Lead cOnfirmed
acet
FOratePO43-
sOln.
Added cOnc HNO3 Deep yellOw PO43-
tO O.S and bOiled. cOlOuratiOn. cOnfirmed.
Added
MOlybdateammOnium
sOln in
excess and again bOiled.

Xjst ilr aetclo

Q.OL. J]PJRC@JOX LBQJRYEXCLO COIJRJOAJ

GrOup O- sample
TO the NO change Absent GrOup O
added NaOH and heated
Added MgSO4 cOnfirmed
GrOup-1 NO change GrOup l absent
TOdil
added the
ute sample
HCl
GrOup-ll NO change GrOup ll
tube added H2S
GrOup-lll NO change GrOup lll
TO the sample Absent
bOiled, cOOled, excess.

TO the abOve NO change GrOup lV

filtrateadd
added Of grOup-lll
H2S Absent
GrOup-V
TO the abOve A whiteAbsent
ppt GrOup V
sampletest Present.
added NH4OH, and (NH4)2CO3
DissOlved the ppt. in CH3COOH and divided the
Parts.

TO the first part NO change Ba2+absent added

TOK2CrO4sOlut
the secOndiOn NO change Sr2+absent part added
(c) TO the third part A white ppt Ca2+cOnfirmed. added (NH4)2C2O4
and(NH4)2SO4
NH4OH sOl.
TO the sample
GrOup-Vl A white ppt grOup
Mg2+absent
Of abOve step and added a few
Oxalat
e sOlutiOn,
added bOiled, in
filtered. TOOk the ppt,
SOlutiONH4Cl,
n. added NH4OH

(NH4)2HPO4 and

NH4OH and NH4Cl in excess. Add

rubbed with a glass rOd.

IONS PRESENT: CO32-, Ca2+, SO42-, PO43-,cOnfirmed

Mg2+
TOOk the filtrate

Q.OL.
sOlutiOnJ]PJRC@JOX
intO 3 LBQJRYEXCLO COIJRJOAJ
COlOur Red
OdOur MenthOl smell Of ClOse up.
Dry heating SuffOcating SO32- may
smell be Present
Flame test Reddish Flame Ca2+ may be
Present.
2 Dil H2SO4 test- COlOurless,
3 SO 2- may be
TO the sample, pungent smell, Present. Added sOme drOps turned acidified
Of Dil H2SO4 K2Cr2O7 sOlutiOn green.
drOps Of AFLQJ-ZP
amm.
Xjst ilr eoclo TO the O.S added A white3 ppt SO 2-
BaCl2
TO thesOlutiOn.
ppt frOm Pink cOlOur cOnfirmed
SO32-
abOve step added discharge cOnfirmed
4 KMnO4 sOlutiOn.test- NO change
COnc. H2SO4 COnc. H2SO4 TO the sample grOup absent added sOme drOps

Of cOnc.H2SO4

Xjst ilr aetclo

Q.OL. J]PJRC@JOX LBQJRYEXCLO COIJRJOAJ

TOGrOup O-
the sample NO change
Absent GrOup O
added NaOH and
heated
GrOup-1 NO change GrOup l absent TO the sample
added dilute HCl
GrOup-ll NO change GrOup ll
TO the abOve test Absent tube added H2S
TO the sample Present,
GrOup-lll A brOwn ppt Fe3+ GrOup lll
added NH4OH detected
and NH4Cl
in dilute HCl and cOlOur cOnfirmed added POtassium
bOiled, added

GrOup-lV NO change GrOup Vl

TO the abOve test Absent tube add H2S
TO the sample present.
added NH4OH,
DissOlved the ppt. in CH3COOH and divided the

sOlutiOn intO 3 parts.

TOadded
the first part NO change Ba2+ absent
DissOlved
K2CrO4 the ppt. prussian blue Fe3+
sOlutiOn
TO the secOnd NO change Sr2+ absent part
(c) added(NH4)2SO4
TO the third part A white ppt Ca2+cOnfirmed.
added (NH4)2C2O4

rOd.
FerrOcyanide.
IONS PRESENT: Ca2+, SO32-, Fe3+.
and NH4OH sOl.
GrOup-Vl TOOk the NO change Mg2+ absent filtrate Of abOve
step and add a few drOps Of amm.

Al`peretivj Coijrjoaj Xebfj

L82-
Alfgetj SJQ OL OL SJQ SJQ SJQ SJQ
Aflsj-Zp SJQ SJQ SJQ OL OL OL OL

filtered .TOOk the ppt, bOiled, added

On Łh9Add6asis of Łh9(NH4)2HPO4
comparaŁiν9 inf9r9nc9 Ła6L9, w9 s99 ŁhaŁ COkGATE is Łh9 69sŁ of aLL ŁooŁhpasŁ9s as iŁ conŁains a majoriŁy of Łh9 9ss9nŁiaL consŁiŁu9nŁs (anions and caŁions) of a ŁooŁhpasŁ9.
excess. and
rubbed with a glass

X GrOup-V A white ppt GrOup V

Oxalate sOl, bOiled,

PfecautiOns

and (NH4)2CO3 sOl.

NH4OH and NH4Cl in

5. Meohfj tmj amj`iaefs aerjiuffy.

Zsj tjst tubj mlfhjr tl mlfh tmj tjst tubj.
Ojvjr ehh wetjr tl aloa. Eaihs.
Ojvjr tluam eoy amj`iaef witm meohs hirja tfy.
:. Zsj e hrlppjr ilr aloajotretjh Eaihs.
Hlo–t s`jff tmj veplu rs irl` tll aflsj.
BibliOgfaphy

Prehjjps Amj`istry

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