Conclusion

1. The concept of crime and criminality in Nigeria

In conclusion, the main way of preventing crime is by instilling positive

moral values on growing children to ensure that they develop into morally
upright adults who would not engage in criminal activities. It is assumed that
to instil this moral values in children and prevent crimes in future, the best
way is through schooling. But this is not the case as there is no causal
relationship between crime rates and schooling, and thus schooling will not
necessarily result to a reduced crime rate. In order to ensure that moral
values are successfully instilled in children, schooling would have to be
combined with other methods, some of which include religion and good
parenting, resulting in adults who are conscious of good and evil. Increased
crime rate is a problem experienced by all countries globally, and the only
way to fight it is by shaping the personality of the future generation by
instilling positive moral values as their driving force.

2. Crime and criminality as the bane of the Nigeria society

In conclusion, corruption is widespread in most government in Nigeria not

because the people are different from people from other part of the World,
but because the society is conducive for it. There are many reasons why this
is so. Leadership styles that encourage corruption at all level, the motivation
to earn income from among the civil servants is relatively stronger;
exacerbated by poverty, under-employment and low wages. In Nigeria,
accountability is generally weak, political competitions and civil liberties are
often restricted. Laws and principles of ethics in government are poorly
developed and the legal institutions charged with enforcing them (ICPC and
EFCC) are ill-prepared. After this review, It is suggested that there is need
for improvement in the socio- economic life of the people and leadership by
example; punitive measures on corruption practices and value re -orientation
as well as independence of enforcement agencies.
3. How does crime and criminality affect economic development in
Nigeria?

In conclusion, government should equip security agencies with modern

crime fighting equipment and continuous training of security personnel with
a view to effectively reduce crime to a minimal level for enhanced security.
It is also recommended that political leaderships the world over should also
ensure equitable distribution of wealth and resources among their growing
population in order to reduce tensions, ill-feelings, violence and criminality
of all forms thereby enhancing peace and development. Furthermore,
governments at all levels should make concerted efforts for the provision of
better wages, family support services that can enhance the living standard of
people around the world. Finally, policymakers should equally make
concerted efforts to initiate measures, policies and strategies for crime
reduction in order to create enabling environment for development as no
society can develop in an atmosphere of chaos and criminality.

4. How does crime and criminality affect security in Nigeria?

In conclusion, pipeline vandalisation, drug trafficking, human trafficking,

illegal bunkering terrorism, arson, and Importation of expired foods and
drugs, are the crimes that affect national security, policies have to be made
to cub all these criminal acts in Nigeria for a better-secured country

5. How does crime and criminality affect Education in Nigeria?

In conclusion, the standard and quality of education will continue to

depreciate if corrupt individuals caught in the act are not probed. It was also
revealed that crime and corruption has affected educational standard in
Nigeria and both the government and the student are responsible for it. If
Nigeria as a country wishes to have a good and vibrant system of education,
the government has a great role to play. Adequate funding with good
management will provide high-quality education in Nigeria. Funds for
renovation of schools and institution, acquiring quality training facilities,
research grants, decent teachers' salaries and welfare, etc. are the things that
need to be increased, released and spent appropriately.
6. Assertion and Assess Nigeria’s commitment in addressing the problem
of crime and criminality making a case for education

In conclusion, Nigeria’s educational sector has experienced a great measure

of neglect and mismanagement, which has often been manifested in budget
allocation to education and strikes. This has contributed in criminality
among youth. The incidences of high school drop-out and criminality among
the youth are also part of the aftermath of the low functional form of
educational system. The study employs the concept of educational
background to interpret the density of crimes among youth in Nigeria.

7. What is the role of education in mitigating crime?

In conclusion, educated people have more permissive attitudes and social

norms towards criminal behavior. One possible reason why higher educated
people are more permissive is that they are confronted less frequently with
criminality and are less likely to be victim of a violent crime. Criminality
tends to be higher in areas where lower educated people live. A second
reason for more permissive attitudes and social norms towards criminality
might be that higher educated have a more liberal world view in general.
Higher educated generally earn more than lower educated. The potential
benefits of tax evasion and fraud increase with taxable earnings. This may
explain why tax fraud increases with years of education. A second
explanation is that higher educated are more knowledgeable and are more
informed about the possibilities to commit tax fraud.

Finally, how to explain the greater likelihood of shoplifting, vandalism and

violent crimes among lower educated? One explanation is that lower
educated people ha ve a higher time discount, which makes that they account
the future consequences of their actions – punishment and sentencing – less
than higher educated people. As was already mentioned in the introduction,
Becker & Mulligan (1994) argue that education leads to a lower time
preference for consumption in the present and a higher time preference for
consumption in the future. A second explanation is education learns you to
control your emotions, i.e. by schooling you can increase your restraint and
self-control. Finally, higher educated people might we more informed about
the consequences of their actions than lower educated people.