- Kintia lkr1as 3 - Kirnia Keftas 31

KERTAS 3l PAPDR3 #Penimbang elektronik - # Peabaris/ Ru/er

Electronic balance
!
Lid
Titik Perpuluhan/ Decirnal PLace Crucible
i1 1
Ivtail Time \,
,2
Buret Burette 2 Digitoi
s,3502 g
3 Voltmeter balance
Voltmeter
'be.rdasarkan * Based on the scale 1 (b) Catatk:rn bacaan pada dua tempat
skolcr
4. perpuluhan bagi : Ul<uran lckuk: 3, 1, - 1.8, = 1.3 crn
Pentbais RuLer l Record the reacling to two declmal places Dianteter of cleri
D
Jatrt Randik Stoprvatch for:
1
6 'l'ermometer Jisirn rnngkuk pijar cla.n penutup: 25.35 g
Thermometer 1 The mass oi crrtcible ancl lid
#Voltmeter
2, Memerhati / Obseruirq
3. Membuat inferens/ Makirry ir$brer rce

1 Obsenation I Pemerhcrtiart _-1!l!renseZfUeldlrs

voll L.'1'r.rnllcrat ure inclezrseT' / polvstvren a cup il,\otllcfinic reilction ir / hile,it rclease(l
o 3 ltecorttes t,t,a.u'rn eI' firrrliih Lrrlrrs eksuterfitik/ / i{ab(L
trolt S u I tu n e t tin kttti',/ C r: t u tttt t tli,sIircr rrr
t q1 t
1 clibt'-buskntt
n *, r i t.tr'li yt a r r tts
t

Rru:nurt L,1 Y Bacaant 2.7 V Bacaon:1.35V

Rcading Reading Reading 2- 'lhe vinr:gar srnelI oi ethanoic acirj .[ithrlrroic acid i s ni:ui rrrr liscrl
d isapyri-'a,r A.srrl t:ranoic t elai L (.lit]Pt tt t a ll,:.ft.1.
# Termometer # Jam Raadik # Buret l Jr ut cu k'.r t t.t s i d. e.l ol r o iI t I Li.Lttrt ri
Themtonteter Stopuatch Burette
3. A colourless mixturc oI sol'.rtion is Sr,rlt soltrtiorr aci'"vater is lbrmeri
obtainetl Ldrutmt garatn ciot tlir tefbelttuk
4c ('.t t ntlttt t'ctt t I <trui a r t ticltrk l-te rtu ant u t*r l> et 1'Ltl':
'lJ
4. Meramal/ l>radictbq
Latihan -E-terr:ises:
Pasangan gam Terminal Positif Voltan v
Palr metals Positive Terrnlnal v
PdanQ
PandQ P 2.O
90
25-
00
tr at 40'C = 5. Berkomunikasi / ConLnrunicathtg

-s Bina satr-r jadual dan rekodkan suhu, masa dan 1/ masa terlibat clalan el<spcrirnen itu.
70
24,5o cm3 Constructalableandrecordtentperature,tinleandl/ tinrcfortheexperintent
Tcmpertiurc nt Suhu (oC) Masa {s} 1/masa {s-r)
60 s:--* Tc:ntperafu tre i')Cl Iirnc 1'-s/ 1t'time ls';l
30 55.0 0.018
83.O "C 18.O s 35 48.0 0.021
40 4'.2.0 0.014

6'p|l value ?N/ife ldeu^c,lytoce

'J lH 'r',oo I
 - Kimiq Kerlas 3 - Kinia l{erlas 3

Label dan
d.
Rqjah 1 menuniukkan tiga set, Set 1,
Set 2 dan Set 3, susunan radas bag
satu eksperimen untuk mengkqii .1 .:!1. $S i): :i-11.

kesar asid etanoik dal larutan

silver-
ammonia ke atas pengumpulan
lateks.
Diagrant 1 shous three sets, Set 1, Set
II aruL Set III, ofthe apparatus set-up
......__.. Ueriier

rM
iron key for arL expeintent to inuestigate the Lrtj)i + fth:irri!i( ii.i(i I-r1i:i.{rr:trlnird
effect. of ethartoic acid and antntortin
silver nitrate so\ution on the coagu\atiott of latex.
solutiorl
Nyatakan definisi secan'a oprasi bagi penggumpulan lateks
State the operatiotmt defi.nition for tlt-e coagulation of latex.
Coagulation latex is uhen acid ad.ded into latex, \l/hite solid formed
6. Merrde fi nisi se cara operasi / I -)e|irtir rg op eratio t L all lJ Plrt1l.)<?ltucuL lott:lrs ircialctt apcdti.la a.sid clima.stLk:kcrtt ke d.ctlcutt lateks, pcpejctl pttilr
Corrtol-r 1l Exantple: rerh.asil
I.trr,11.i."o tlcfinisi -secara opcrasi bagi kadar tinda,k balas dalam ckspcrimen ini.
Slct.te the operationttL d.eJinitiortfor rate of recLclionfor the expeiment

itrrlrrrt ls cione? V,rhen sodtum thiosuLphate uas added into sulphut'lc acid. 7. Hypothesizirg / Membuat hipotesls
-,rj'.rt, iJatq cl.ikdaifil? Biicr rioti;.ln. titisttltrti d.ilanbah l,:e Clo|tztrt n.si,C srrl/ilik Contoh:/ Dxannpl.e:
I (a) Berbeza Pemerhatian/ Difference Obseruattott
V,1aat is obsenref, Tim.e Jor mark 'X' not seen ,t clisappear
Ai.la llrittr-! tlii'terhciiiiran? lorrdo X" tlriolt.k.elilto/trtt
&ri<l.s{i ,,ir?tr//r (i) Pengaratan besil Rustirq of iron (Mg, Fe, Cu)
'fV'hen more electropositive metal coil with iron aail, the iron nail not rust hut when
Op era ti o nctl d.efinitio tt: less electropositive metal coil *ith iron nail, the iron nail will rust
Time taken for mark 'X" not seen / to clisappear ushen sodhtm thlosulphate uas
add"ed i.nto su"[pltul-lc acirl Tll'l't\Pl a1sa.bil.a. Logam yan.g furang el.ek.lrol)ositij'(ljl.;.lil r1erigiln. palcu besi, paku i>esi
ber k:-r.iraL

.:^rrlli-rir ir:
(ii) Pembekuan lateks/ Coagulation of latex
ExercisesT' Latilmrt When acid was added into latex solution, latex will coagulated else when alkali
(ammonia) added into latex solution, latex will not coagulated
a. Nyatal<an c.lefinisi secara operasi bagi kekerasan blok cialam el<sperimen ini. ;\1.toliln a.sid. clitanbtilkrttr ke tlclrtrrt larutan latcks. /atcL.s okarr rrLcrrtbcltr.t ':clapi
State the operatiorm[ cleJinition.fbr t]re lrnrrZness of bloclc in this e4teintent. a1:abi.la alka.Ii clitan.balicart kc clakrrrt LonLtan late[:s, Iatr:ir= ticktk rnentl:elcu
'Whcn the weights of 1 hg is dropped at heigh of 6O cm to the ball bearing
rvhich is tape on the allol btoct<. , dian sig,r' d anl ir smo
(b) Berhubung/ Re[atior-t
Kadar [inriak balas/ Rafe of reaction (Size Calcium Carbor-rate/ Saiz kaLsium lcarborttr.l)
rltirgtttt pito di ata.,; bLoli aLr>i., Ar^ l, i ?-(
The smaller size of Calcium Carbonatc, the luger the total surface area exposed
when react with hydrochioric acid, the higher the rate ofreaction
Scrrrrrlarr kedl saiz, lcalsiurn korlxxtat. sr:r;roltjrr bes(r luas penrtu.kaart per isi padu yo.rirl
b. Beri.knrL def rLasi secara operasi urtuk haba peneutralon. It:rrletl.rtlt s;€r,rrosa bertinrlrtk bakrs tTett.gan. ositl h)tl.roklonk, st:rnrtkirt lirrggi ka<l.ar titrkic
Ciue ttte operatiortal defi.nitiortfor tlrc heat of trctirolisntlorl. iLtrl tts
Heat for 1 mol water formed when acid solution rras added into aikaline solrrtion,
the reading of thermometer iacreases (c) Perbandiugan I Contparison
[[aba isagi 1 ntol tir terbenlat.k apnbil.a tanttcut ctsicl ditctntbahkant lte clal.antt LottLtan. ctlkttli, Noi/ AlLog (Bronze and Copper metaT/ Gangsct dan logam kttprunl
bacaci t t sult.tt tenttornete r rnr:.n i.n91ltcrt. Allcy is harder than pure metal / Aloi Lebilt kt:ras daripada loe.tunt t'ulert
or Bronze is harder than copper metall/ gattgsa lel.tih keras cllo"ipada l.;uprun fitl.en.
c. State.the operational clefinition for end point in this experiment.
N),atakal definisi secara operasi bagi takat akhir da-lam eksperirnen ini.
Wheu asid was added into alkaline solution, the pink solution turns to colourless
i\itabi.!o. as[d tl.i.to.tr.baltkctn lce. d.alun lanttan beral.lvrii., tuarrm. nr.erah lant.tcrn. rne.njrufi, tic]alt.
btailt;(.ttritt

2
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,:;i1 1 l lUt.t i'

iirrl::i: i ri:;l:Ii:;r\i.i):t :'t1t;:i,i2',i:'liri;::: i,;Llt ,:it,1..';;',s,:|;;:.i,;i ,.,-',;-.1r;,,..-|: ttij.,i .\.....: i.:1 ?:::t:.n:ii.7.it l;:"il;titl : l,ii;llI:: i|:i:ttt: J;il.,.;n', i

!-);1;,,;;1y1; i ;ii|"". tl:t., ;ilrt,tsitil:i-.. ..1.f.!* !;ja jj)\' t:\:jt:t:t:. j . - ,.,,.rj,.rjj,/a .,:,

t,t) i :,.ti!.: if t?i t ;i !,:: t,:: i ! ttta*g** i*gt*t Ba*.t;znr"'

*ltm*.ltr I Y
l'*/r <tf *etu.l.; ?'*/!mttar u:adiai ,iY
?)n i (;.*
T-et*.r:-,i tit zr n<^ 7. r. Y-t>Oingari ta
tpr,,x;t, L';'"t
lLi*: rlril;,'il.tt 1'->rtt>tt ttr;z' I tt
fe j t:11

Mg lt.)tt

l-:Nut a* t)*l.t i Lutt'r.Io r C a, \ a(' ;,

1
la,Jua! [
S*rihr t n c hit ; rtir-" .gal ulin n. N*t-.| tilorc L

[3 narkrb 13 rnark:;:i
Q-ai*t l tb|1it f!*rdtsxrks ekiryrlmerr **da ya&g s\atr&tlr.akat\ pasa*ga* l*gam zink. t?tn
fiio'groN'i
k$prum, xy:s/ra?an setu W$e*a1ia* p'dx volt''r,eter..
T'a*)**;ts:t arah slektmn rat:r.g*|it de*ga* rl:rfi&Btx*k** ars;ix puzh i'-+; pa4a 'xzyttt
Satan\art eksrt*rifi\eti aa*a 4enp,a* fi11:t\grk\11i la*gk*lt-tungl,ttttt dibastaLr
pf,nyarnbu$F di Rajrh L
(::.rry\; arrl Etpl:rim*fl| b),.fallrsq,ing th* slt:Sts lx:tt* .
"v2ur lVawd on y,,-ur E*perifiettt ,hlrl usin* !,tti/ of zino ilni {oppar ma,kli, slat,!. ant
' ,hservcti*il d! lha t*ltmeter,
L {htrw*t?in<|eryc:*y'a\atX*ui4:,*s*kat3$ct,t:\aruttaartti.*nk.llxi<la.Nxi.li.1 .i}
{ndieate lha diret:li*ff of elet;trr}rts fow by usiag arrov l*} at thx cottnectitlg *tre.t in
tr:l rtnr'1 tl.iar iLr;rrru ke ii:rlrrn bih.rr.
DialSran 1.
i-;1 s li1i i;>) tt,-'s,t'ttitr:' .:t-!t,tlr't rtit"! ,nt;::,tirt :.ij,lr',,7 i ,i r:irri ri;r: .,ri':t:t
t* ! r:t r i ie .to it t t i r rt. N a( 1 ; t ttd p u i r i n I r.t r: i.u: tL e: r.
v

1. L)ek4'r ked*t-eir:a kepi*g:*n n\\k. /-t1 &rr k*pnur;, Cv kt: ,lalat'.t l4r,.zt.r* ;t::rtritizt
liurr.i,r- \a(. I itu.
t):g lx.tlh :li*.: .s!rirr- 7-.t'. *nr) *4lpix siriSs, {'.ts ;11/ii tla(:;u.iit{*t th!*rizi;:: t;liritit.ttr. i2 tua*.r!
lZ molath
Na('1.
'.! Lettgkltpl;l*. ltt*r deng*r" uteayautlswtg,;c,-t kxrl.ua-<lua i'cpirg:rn zink- 7-r ,.Lrrr
{ii) riy zlaakan i*fererrs tse*L**rkur pemerh*titn d:dz di 1 tb}(i).
kuprutrt, t u kepada r.of lmdter tlcngrrlxa'var prnyamhtur;i ;epeni i1it.'Jr\:*kka1
.\tste the i4{eretce busad ofi }*$/ obserystirn in lt.b$\}.
dalarn ltainh t.
{'quvtele lhe cir*tit b.': tat*ttlinx lnih:ittc strtp,'Zn aucl t*p|:zr :;lt';i,.{.:u /., /li(:
'*t[ueltr bv u.sin:4.:linxe{tirrg u,ire.s u.g sh$r:t irt Aiagr*m L

4. 'itat:.antl'ai patL*va.lt*eto| danrekod b.rcaar: iiu d'alxu Jatltsat I y'a*a li.a).

ll.zad lhe vaite *t tiw v*itnr;tcr und r*'ot.,l *,: retelixg trt'1sttfu \ at lqal. (1 markrhi l mark]
3. Kelwtkan ke4*:t..**a k.elting*r, z*tk,:. Ztt 4a* k*prst*, t)n <l*ri Tnttttan *acittr,
t c) Nyauka* panbnlclr *bah bagi ekspe*nten ini.
kl.-nrda. Na( I itu.
Swte dn vart*biesfur lkir sxpevitnenl-
lNenove hoth i;iw: sa-il), Lnund a4qN)r'stt'if.t:tt.fr*,fi th{ s{tlltttfi chloride "solurion.
Nr(ll. (i) $imanipalasikan:
6. Canrikan kupingrn zrnk, Zn tJcngutpaku besi, ["e srhaja Jan celupkar: p*kri br:s;-
Manipalated
Fadix kegilr4x* k*pnm., Cu kc 4*lat1l*nlutfi mu'iut:tt k.l.t:rr:i4i*.}.i'at'.1 ya*g satna.
Rqia:e the zi*c strip,Z,n a*ly xith iron nail, 9e an<! dip iran xai!,Ft. tnd <nys7.ter
{ti} tterg*r ak b*1us: .. .
". .... -. -.. . ^. ... . .. ..
strip, Cu *uo tke :;umt sadium <:]tloridt "st>l*tittn " NaC.L
&*prsu)ing
7. Sasanilaipadavnitrrcterdcnrektstl.bx>tat\tudai**tL*duallpa,lz*l(aj
Re*i{ th'e value {il. the *tlltntter anl recor,J tke rea."iing in Tcble I at l(ti1"
t\it) *it*.aLwkixt ......
t. ljl*aglurgkitlt-\a*4kah*fuitgga7tleaga*tneliqtlafiiiklrpakubesi.?e<leugar:piia t'xerJ
nBgilcsium. Mts.
f,eptat sttps (i tol by rrplat:itt in:d n*11, f c ttirh aaqnr:sirsm ribbon.l4g. {3 m*r*;ah l} aarktl

414u3e2b21 *l?*M \4tri Stmbilan s ti l-11' 4A U 3e2*21 Mfl:M H eXxti Scm bilqn sut,{r
?
:;i t".il i ,.ii; r,i:i

lrz'; i';.,;r1;;k:ttt,iiltt:1:'i rli:::ll:li:rr:lrsl i):,!:i:;gl k:l;lil:

.\ltt rh': ;it,:'r;i;.)|t.i ili!ltii:tt1 tii \:i::iri': i.:;;'

1.2 itterl;ch : Z n'srk.s1

{ri (:rrrurlk*rrpefijliakansaiz4l*kttalpadttenninal*ey,atitttpt"bila'r:.e7in&ankt1fr"n*tt.-.u<tili1
kepingar alurrritrizt*, Al aliccLttpkattko 4*lam l*r';$a* *atti*m klarirli:, *'s{l'
Terangkan m.-rlgrra.
.?reiiit the duitg* iu.tiz* o/ elednxle at negativ* ierminal if capT;er slrip, Ctt itnl
aluminiuttt strip, A1 ure dipped into sadia* ch{arirlc sollrliort'NaCl
i)rplarn ohj'

a msrfuthilmar*sJ -

i)i<zssifr all tht: icxs ia s*lium cklt>rkle.srtlutiou,'Na(:l i'tlo c$tk]n and ilni*n'

l2ucri,uhl2narksl

KPTTASSOAI,AN ?AMAT
Ettbor QUesfioNI'APE&

$4rfie2*2, M78M \e*n Selclbil*o SULIT

+
I

Sel z ( f Prvr - its'Y\ to nloh ) FORMAT PPENTAKSIRAN i(IMIA FORMAT PPENTAKSIRAN KIMIA

2. Salah satu faktor yang mcrnpcngaruhi kar:lar tindak balas ialah kcpckatan larutan I-angkah-langkah pencairan,
bahan tindak bale:i. Steps oJ'di!ution,
One oJ'the Jht:ton af1'et'ling lhe ruie of reaction is the tont:entrulion of reuctant's
s c ltt ic tr.
(i) Dengan menggunakan silinder penvukat, sukat 45.0 crnl asid hiclroklorik, HCI 2.0

rnoi cirn-l dan tLrangkan ke dalam bikar 100 crnr berlabel Set I.

Ilel'lgian r\ lly using measuring cylinder, measure 45.0 cmr h;,drochloric acid, HCI

Part A 2.0 rnol Cnr-l ancl pour it into a 100 cmt berLker labelted Set l.

AnCe clrbekatkan dengan asid hiCroklorik, I-lCl 2.0 mol Cm-r. DaripaLla asid hidroklorik
yang dil:kaika.rr itu, anda ciikehenuaki rnenyediakan tiga larutan asid hidroklorik, HCI (ii) Dengan menggunakan silinder penyukat 25 cml, sukat 5 cm3 air suling clan

derrge:i llepekatan yang berbeza rnelalui kaedalr pencairln dengan merujuk kepada hrangkan ke dalam bikar yang urengandungi asid hidroklorik.

Jadual l. (l-rnalan formula yang Cibcrik*n clan Cata yang dipcrolch untuk rncnghitung By using25 cm3 measuring cylintler, merLsure 5 cd oJ'distitlet! water untl pour it

kcpckatan asiC hidroklorik yang dicairkan. Lc:rgkapkan J:rdual t, iillo the belker containing hydrochloric acid.

You a;'e .y,,tppliprl wilit 2.0 moI dm'r hvtlrochloric ttcil, HCl. Fron the supplied
(iii) Kacau larutan Cengan rnenggunakan rod kaca.
h,vdroch"lbrtc acid, ;tou are required to prepare three hydrochloric acicl, HCI solutions

with tiijjbrent concentrations throtgh dilution n'iethod by reJbrring to Table l. Stir the so!iltion by using a glass rod.
Use the

fornulu givtn untl the datu obtained to culculate tjle concentation of the diluted
(iv) Larutan yang disediakan akan digunakan untuk bahagian B.
hydrochloric acid. Cornplete Table l.
The solution orepared vvill be usedJbr part B.

Set ekspe rimen

Experiment sets
I II III
_ Dengan rnenggunakan Jadual 1, ulang langkah-langkah pencaiiiin untuk menyediakan
tsi padu asid hidroklorik, HCI 2.0 rnol drn-1, Vr (cml)
45.0 3 5.0 25.0 larotan-larutan bagi Set Il dan Set lll.
Vt'htmc ol hytlrochloric acid. FlCl 2.0 mol dm'r, Vr (cmr1
lsi padu air suling (cmr) By using Table l, repeat steps oJ'dilution to prepdre soluticns.fbr Sel ll and Set Ill.
Volune ol tlistillad water (cm3)
5.0 15 0 2i0
(a) Hitung kcpckatan asid hidroklorik dcngan menggunakan formula yang dibcrikan
Jumlah isi padu campuran, Vz(cmr;
s0.0 50.0 50.0 scperti daiem Jadual I.
Totul volune oImixlure, Vz (cmr)
Kepekatan asid hidroklorik, HCI sebelurn bertindak balas, Calculate the concen tration ol hvdrochloric acid using the Jbrmula given in Table I
Mr (mol dm-r)
2.0 2.0 2.0
Concentration oJ hydrochloric acid, llCl beJbre reaction,
lvlr (rnol drn'r)
I markah]
Kepekatan asid hidroklorik, HCI yang bertindak balas,
M: (rnol dm-r) fl mcrkf
Concentrolion of hydrochloric acid. liCl reacted,Mz
(rnot dm-r)
M,V.
fOnT)ula: lut2 - V,-

Table I

I
uon ro to @ 2020 Hak Cipta Kerajaan lvlalaysia
IJ* lrnptffi!;kr
56 57 9
(r:) Nyatakan satu liipotesis untuk eksperimen ini.
Stute one hllpothesis for thi.s experiment.

[2 rnarhah]
12 markl

(d) Rertlasarkan oksperimen ini, bandingkan kadar tindak balas antara eksperimeu
Set II dengan Set III. Terangkanjawapan anda.

Ba.yecl on this experirnent, compare the rate of reaction behveen experirnent Set II and Set

III. Explain your answer.

[2 markah]
12 marhsl

(e) Nyatakan definisi secara oper.tsi bagi kadar tindak balas.

State the operutional de.finitionfor rate ofreaction.

[2 markah]
12 rnarksl

I
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ftf1tq* w>veran l*ffi{n mrtibrrk,}a lagam dw lbturan &a*$ l${,ofi yeq, Wr**
fittej-L* 2 ff::{|trLi\ 4v:r.t3 k1 Y:YY .1 rneun$tlkax cot{nh a*errnan rarl*r uatut+ mnry*.uat pr.*y#wLa laguza ktryr*t
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li xf*L \{.ry,aauat} ? tre*fib$* tlvx tm tt,;rq.]p 0! {} set,af &f &F?&yblu* *} leva.Er;&*t* rn*zcl *futmm*rt *y tryfi p*zrt
c*;1"*41 l.t niF,b,w ff;uttu, b), rtori et,*tqsprttt ri@ rrrciols
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blxltxtt ?a{.fi,Tuhhtfi
hl*iwu Wx'laal* JL
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ttlV*totth lrrl,hrtrxbi t:t|$.
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habar d* ,,0::'i:rtrdlL** ldrst;ar, 1.eay,*tu-. b..tdya*.za
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2{&} 1
* bssiblizx j't3w utk dt;*. pita *a ge,tiw* 0mgaxk;t*,,*s pdt*t.
2l\) I 1 + Twn**alaxyaa| td Ltzgrx*(fr) sulftat,(t$Aq.k"eidzxt',abtffi.&tJSifu$lebal hdabb.
Jusrleh 14 I , L*,bks-ff, i*b, z*k ke &a:?"*thbit*guithuLabe.l A &anpit***gr,*w:ruh* *aJa**btiz
ulibalab*l*
c *uxaagb*x amyar** dan b iuk-aa rii ra.k labv' & 1rj, eelama S ntrnit.
* 9.*k& pw*e?i* yaxgbtrlah*p*d*ked*a"&,aa-uibt:stg,t4i.did*ar*la&,u1ZJ.

9rr::l-!:., eraqdei. natcrtai *.xl app*rcats, r/){/y a;rt $** irte-rrtg*rz,w b.aced on the
Ja:Qf*tilt tiepr
. Clcta ttu srnp and aa4nestun r$bonwth s*ryhaoer.
t furScmtafut'pettII\nztphate,CrA{)t,ralut'en'tntuateJj.tabelcthclltdA*rutB
r ?la*thecrts*trsttnrniroietttrrubeuiatra,*o"t*rg,".r*""*t*iiir'#in*u,
labtlblB.
: S.tzak* tha n1tturs. losril l! on ths
* kta*r* N,,?dl
rhs alt&wrz**?, tu $w born
test tkhe
iri*{ii
rarkf*r
t*,i}Vi*"tu
S rr*atrcs.
z.z.

fi1J1.XI
STJLfi

Sara,,^rok Jo:t ?3 v
(a) Nyat,akan pemerhatial .Pdft. I
dalam Jaduai 2.2
l;fote lhe observadoiu m Tabte
2.2 T*-r;,trlot ltrirs::dr: lr-..:,-a.ir;r,1: ljLr, ida:'-...r 'i:."r:-;a,o.'-i.l!,itf,;11-i'i1l
uet-;:-\cparLhphrr h.na,a:r.i:i.lr',c,t:rnrL:';rr-!.r:r:.ij:,,1r!:,trlip'..-uli1,l 'o!,.],.""-1.,i."-
T*breag h+lr: -ten;ts+-':r ,uB iuruaao"n";,r:n ert rir"ar cr-,ai:l:; ;e:l lo;z-ni ;figi.c)tu1:u
"
halar
l? t*t !avrx serl'.rk
zj:l /j31 s.:itrl me3les^::r . -:):- rd
r lu-kar5fir:a'l-r,ranLt,prrm\llis,Jf.uq{.uSl-r. rj.}nr} m'' nlc9;it(';Jrtrc':v"
*ax j*lar ziak 7earr.... a: I r:ln g1,.zl larru I :,-t 1,' J ) zrs tx z.z D's' :t *'tz.
p .t
{t} * *io*o**ditotiui**ybeutt\my;,n*1i1tplr*artk::{'amfi1}sldf"trr'uloudrt"a'
{opper gS sutp?*te, **S*a, raE a :, *.1azaa tiga *iax-
$*futi{)?, *}1d si}xa sttlp r S*lelas ,, q, *;.,, srLr da"o cai at sthu aual l:ruLrn
Lupr':s tlI) sulf't
/11\ }u.-"
-* -... (sr r11tE?+
t F1i'ulrkan t ;setLtkilnkdengaucr{J'dld;evr'fiat ht dal:nrarr$an lfl{rft'fl;1
(tsS*a.
: Kat:at*tc*ytat*xi*lggNtakmlor**r'etc sw*,11ffi€trffhr*;Afrp4r*b*1'fr'9i3*'
Lanstas. t tkta:,k*xs11h*c?x,?'eenyar*"-*firr*Ei, . ,- _-----**kel
d** pitstr*ffi*sityfr1 : Lkxt$l*tfuz?t-Wigk*X Ai ?.t s"'et1&W*ekffit:19.**h:* fira5nel$lu rinli^ri r)ruit"&r
{11}
sarfu:kzW-
T' eapyt*r (ll'1 ,wlpfu:tr-, *lfr*,,.
t *luli ofi *n l nt agne slt ztn \'tw *isplauw.ettl r*a*ian */ c *etnl i'au irE snlt E lutifift hy a rn$e eleerraparitioe ylul .iw*futs
lx€af *f iis7l*#tt1st1l
ribban a *harqe *f, t**r. Ttsu ere r*Suirc.d ti e*ndart m expeyit?r,,tl to drt*.?lirit a ths
r.atnely rint W"*dx *ad
.frst e.appzr Si| *tlphate wluti*n z+itk twt di!{tre*.t tsrycs i/ i*ta5s
- *.'--
mrs,;ngsrunl DLr d;r.
)iui*ru s* cm1 r:f *.7 mat-**'3 capper fi1, s"tptnu. CuSOt' salux:tt ugng n wlonr'nq
je$taL'2,2 ryiirrAff. Paur this sotutiatz in t* * fi"lyr4.rezre e,ry. * s}hlh fa
lr1]'*,3phzzrz, cu$oq s{}la$on *n
?
* kcve rk* p*tyt4,rer* i) iiii"[ig".;w*
lfio(e t.t thred fiitxales"
Qwxka3$ * .A$er.thrr-e mlfizr\et, mtastlre c*d re*tryl llze initk* ttmper&iurc a/ e*ppr.'r $7)
wlphttt
Q.tn*rks] aalutian.
*. Adrjtrg*/zin*p*lzderq*ie1r.hy*zdr*t"fu)!.yt?tlr{hrcop?*fiT}*lphat*'*e;9o*sola$on'
S) fr *t *uukan p*ma**tta* di &al.a$ t?}*bg u1i g ay *r**x sgttl ixterersx. *.stir.thimixlarewingthell*rm*mererwkifu'*b*wingtltothovt*ei'''lhel$n?{?eture-
Bas*.d *n the obset'vation in Test til.b, .P, stete an lnfere*ce. * Eee*rdtl* ?tigkevt Nenpzrat',*e *ftk€ ft,'lxture'.
* R*p*attlzr-a{avestryi*xng1g-a!rx*gttt'riuwyrwd*rl*repl***.tkezi*rp*wd*r'
{&} Lm$<ap p w*rhaaaa di dalnn I *dual 2.3
,...,, ii-,...,,.......,. \
ComP!*ta t|?4 abserrlttffi !fl Table 2,3

11ffi*eh3 &uhuasgallantta*
{l wzrlS *afoawbxfu*a Wry**ffi*\fa*' *z*ptr*ab*b*x
*zt Tta*.zkb*l*x txff** lix&*kbalas
{*) T}a*pti4a$xLak\1ala* a*\:ere1rr-.rrwwtw{Tl} s,1llbt de*ptr*rx*p*xt*m{* d*jaxt &ae*le&r$ frddel urrpwean* tf tlTghest
ubuag uji B, kenal pasti ageo pesurunan- ea!ry*rm srbrphat*, temperubtle *f 0r.
t'rom the r€oction betue*n c*pper
$1)
-
$tlph*/a, sol*tizyr $1d t*egnesiuln rlbbarz in texl et*S*a sar**.*x (*1 rehcti.ng rrrirttt e
I
twbe 8, id*n*/y rr,e r*dus,*& agent. t
1 ***t*,nz& +lztut*x
kttWaEll)wlla\
CaS*.e
ll markzh] Ziw y,*wder +
{l mark} copper {T* *tpl*ts
solxtion Cafr{}e

WLTI

1
 w"ugxxt'a*+
lwlur.ax
ku*r\w{fr}r,&Ltut b,$tl}t)* Y**fuahmbab*,Q**&
Cl:$S+ I:[eal eba*gt
pwxler +
**1:per ffi wlptu*re b1*ba\ta&okbalas v"
Q I hita?'Witfi- th*\
srslati*y*{*#}* ?{aat *f?*actt*x

T*hl*21
Vnwkab'1
pra*r?"s)

telWyxa**p**{*rir*tzl*elsbag*krp*r'mr*ixi"
St*le the v*ri*blex !*r tlttis sxptrlwerrl,

Ba*ahl
ttl Yqffibdb?**Jak *tmzmYJasik:utt . 17
tZ marla]
bl*xiPi*trfrwruzbte
lt) tseAd,larkloeks?erimeo ni,baldia $at'nai:a pe*:Je;.raaSer"'l- {tTqil?:3,(1I)
s"Jfal de&gan$erbu!.':?r.oki{rao'SeliI {antankc:prwn (11)snllat deagaa*erwx
' **t f w*w\*rtbah ber. gw&. bdrx maggeriu:a. fera:rgk*a jawaPan alda.
',g$sed.*nthisezpux*unt,"rof,ffii* hcat a/ d;splac*.me*tht$*tl {*trytpar{fr}laphate
-iiii'inorarh.rtir
Respoudng vanable pawrs*i S *2 S* il t.roppu' (Ilj nlphare sohtt:*n@ith r+*gnosilLryt
p,r*t d*r) . ilxp l*in yat **w * r.
{tzt}?er*b*khfu ab"d**;;t**;an
I?txed vttrtslsl*

fi w:xk*l*
13 *arks]
Itt Ny*;f*&n saxllb)Wasit tel:ek ek4*nw*x ui.
Sltt',r&.n*e lrypati*sis f*r thi$ {xpe nwtfit

L?'*arhabl
?rz**r?'tj
tt, Ny'r\?ku}| *rlr%ri Ee$re W*r**ib$W'baba p*ny***zats-
$tat* tltx *prrwiow*} definl#*nfurhe*t *f diry1*t*.tnent'

{l we'rkal:}
ll n**j

Q'1 Bud**e***ytetnarhafiz*,tea**,atld*ap*rsry*aw*abag;b*&aa-&*attrd*kb*las
tSx\ &*a. wt11). It" u*uVt)*
MIJ&tw) ,lellb"L*tt'r,ut * 4.2 ! 61 ,t:1 ,ktz*txtp.etzx zk 1_* gw"3 * 11 rrarl4
E*s*d on t/* nbwru*rton, deterrtbrc rh.* henr af dixptrztz.*z*r,t
far h*th rearri*ns
(Set Land let fl ,S{ILTI
specif c rw*t **paeig af wzrtzr * 4 .2 J gr ast 4*ttity tt{ wc-"{$ *
, 1.{s ?, sw-3

l0
 Sat t7

SULTT SLil, II'

2. Ivfemandangl,an nilai pH boleh dihitung berdasarkan kepekatan ion hidrogen. H* dalam sesuatu
asid. atan kepekatan ion hidroksida. OIf- dalam sesuatu alkali. maka skala pH membolehiran hita
l-angkah-langkah mengkaji hubungan antara kepekatan ion hidrogen. H* dengan nilai pIJ
membandingkan kepekatan ion hidrogen. Hu atau ion hidroksida^ OH' didalam sesuatu laruian akues.
'l'he steps D };hrAjr.l tl* re.i.tt:ion.ttili betv,eeit Lhe concenlr.rLlon ai'hydrog*n ion\, 1.1' ont! the pl.l wire
pH menrpakan suatu pengukuran logaritma ke atas kepekatan ion hidrogen ]'mg ..
terkurdung di dalam suatu larutan akues, yang mana log ialah logaritma asas 10 dan tHl ialah'
kepekatan ion hidrogen dalam unit mol dmr larutan itr.r. Rr-rmusrrya ialah : Dengan menggunakan silinder penl,uka! sukal 20.0 cm3 asid hidroklorik, HCI yang berlainan
kepekalan (0.1 mol dm-3, 0.01 mol dm-3. dan 0.00001 mol dm'r)dan masukkan ke dalam tiga
pH = -log[]I+l
bikar 30 cm3 yang berasingan.

[..::;ingr.t rr:tl*lringc.i,Lncltr, it].l.\i;r.'){t.i.t un-1 ol'hyrlrochltrir: ti;ttl. 1!(.'l

t{ ,:li.fiil'ant .;()ti.teittt'iiltains ({}. i tu;l dn:- 3, 0.01 moi dtt'3 , ar.d 0.0/i/){) I nr-ti dtil-!.) itrld t.l?t t tn
'- 1':)1" '' I t '' f,') "1't': '" : j
"
tit t., ttl.,", .,,, r,) l\!'(., t'....
'' 'i

i,t,i.; t, i|,.1i. rin'' tLti;tt ,t1 iit,: yi,lt;ttrtri. i'i.ie 1* ltiii.ct i.;.
2. Dengan menggunakan kertas pH, celupkaflnya ke dalam setiap asid hidroklorik tersebut dan

bandingkan wamanya pada skala pH.

pH: -log[H+] {,tsrng pit paper, d4t it tnto aach of t:he h1,drt;chkttic uctd antl cortpore its t:ctbr on tln ltfl
olcaie.

3. Rekod nilai pH dalam jadual 2.0

llecorti the pil value ii't tttble 2"0

Kepekatan asid hidroklorik, HCI (mol dm-3) 0.1 0.01 0.00001

i.)oncenfration o/ k1'cirochluio acaj. H{Ji inaL
titris )

Nilai pH
pH Value

Jadual 2.0
TabLe2.a
l3 rnarkahl
13 ntarl;sl

Meluka rrtt P t I 1l
5t_rI-IT s{ I,it'
(a) Ilerdasarkan cksperimen vang dilakukan. 1-b ) iiirLiur t]lrI!qs.r-ltrll:tJr ,TedLr:rl 2.i):
lt.:t:; L i i t:,i.i ih I r:.t:p et; ni i.:n r.:: c tjil t:ilil'it) (l ,' j,.
(i) ilitLu:glir:pr:littruriorr lriilrogen-I[ (moi di*:r)a:ir-i hiilroUotil,{-] il0i}illnrri}drnr ii;u
i nroldrl tda,r.q,,r,
(i) Nyatakan pemboleh ubah: 0. r,,",,qga,naLan runrirs r. ang dib;ril:an.
State the ttariabl.es :

t)t)l,i)i)lii:,)it,irt',t,t,iii.i iitt:i,..ili';:.tl,,ii.:.ti:.ttt,;:ir,;:;ttri.,
Dimanipul;rsikan
tr {aitiptrlatetl

[1 marhahl
Bergerak balas
Responcli ng

[1 markah]
Dimalarkan
[4 markah]
Constttnt
[4 marks]
' (ii) Nyatakan hubungan di antara antara kepekatan ion hidrogen, H+ dan nilai pH
I I uiarkahl State tlrc reLationship betuteen the cancerntration of hydrogen ions, H* and pH value
(i, Nyatakan satu hipotesis untuk eksperimen ini
Stnre one ltypothesis for rhis e\pennenl

[1 markah]
| 1 rnarkahl . [] wtrkJ

(iii) Nyatakan definisi secaraoperasi bagi eksperimen ini (c) Apabrlasesuatu 1arutan akueus yang berasid dicairkan, apakah perubahan yang ke

State thc. oper&ional r.le/inIiion/or |his oip{:11rnent atas darjah keasidan dan kepekatan ion hidrogen, H+ larutan akues itu ?

Llthen an acidic atTuaou.s stltLiion it diluted, wlfit is tke change in the degrea of
acidity *nd l4rdtogan irsit coficefitrafioil, l{' oJ the aqu€{)?ts s<zltiion?

[1 markahl

[2 markahl
[2 marks I

iz
 Se{ t dN'q 'Lo?,t)
Se* tt { xr n)
a) a)'Po,[ A
Re alinq f"- ig lq- -- l"r+ fifi,- = I
exp =)rY.uil be illr A

'*+* \n I dtuna'l
lart .
P
'z'otl / ,',v Mz -14, ={tltV'
e
M.=W.
"3 3, ov Vv v?.
= 2'o I
6,0,/ s-D
=.r"ox3-r' . zg,>f_
,t.tmaldwt-'
e-

J-1} -' ?
= lM'-
= t'o
Yol*mel.,' dt{le'h
{nol
b>\'l yadle rl = !.tlMol)u-"

Elu"+.io curre.nl
ii)--i';;^'a{orrs lr
'*,d,"*!
Par"l B

dovta*L a'lecLons u
. and cu o..u A'l'fe'"'tl
"T
Rpadr *rtl I dy;r"^l yhu
// Eo value o[ Tthc
Time- ^*
.U 4o' o s/ qo"os
"1 l-

znlcu and Pa\' of *"kl ujlcu

c) it Mv : Pairs a! 'nefu'l''ff
foi'
'{,."+-l
readin/l vottufie
a)i) 6at b*bblr: .,rn lr,r^)
R Vl Vol-lmat o,v
*^lo^t-^#on uf t't ocl saluhon i;) lly dru3en gat :ts relea"tu)
FVt yolu^o nnA
i
,4-"
n,hat is o bsor r' )l t Ll Mv - CoilM^+.a'hon 4 tiLlt ,t a)
Jl tallmdw -lhowr Q r? o tl't kv - Rate o{ rea eh' on
W e,n di a't r t' 4 u,r h al )s
FV- fu+.ye/volur,* o! tl cl au ,)
,P
in'l-u Na Ll ro/",{'o " \ donu.
nr* *als a re. dt PT "d

C The l^;il,[,* t[w Lon(t)Alr-Phon vl fl1l aui'l "

rale of raa ch'o n
e) i"Size o{ decreaseu /buco?^t-i r-o^oll""t
nl e".cl-,,[e. lhe- k;6v't'v +l*
nfur,ras releasqa elect-otts + y''Auu
hl )onr
re-aoho^ ( cn* tl ic Ayh" 'lhu^ tel
ltl
2. Al dtt Rale uf
) Tkacanco*{rahan o{ lltt ou) in e<t tt is l;S{'*"
It ia*ro vr Anio, 4i^; saf ttl l/ crnc.p*rtu'ahon ,{ tl+ ionr in t-e*ll it
N,a+ cl* hid^L, Jho" sat lll
0t+- 'J*$nil;o^
|Jt o) Apz*4 o^^l
]el
T;r*u l-tL {-" In4- +D co ruTlzl*'11 '-eac ^;tt^
is' /"1 inb 'll'* l'lLl od )
fiQ aal w+'! Ir4o

I '1.
 J"* 3 S**wsk z'au) t-to4 o-2 x lT = &.0 I mal
Colou" let t )q' AJo ,,f rvtolu '{ =
looa
toiuho't *ttrnt
WE'o
,JJ
e blu
d] ssolne s w*
lo) A t.
art o
b
Zino s rVi tde o rit ed Sel I
ll

f*u s*'d''^|tr 8=rvtC0 *ff "-li

t olul'' l,'n ]u rn t); rtolves
Lolou rlers &=mce exf {)
B The" bln'e' , bbo ? fr x!+'>X (q) =fo/ l+'>x "nr
Itr*t ,{ lng 'n

tli; jr d-t4atile) , lg4o f ; 4Ho J

/l b* s
5 +'u
'to .t'*1bI $-)

,wful dft"-+ all = -9-

etffa akwt
eb' Wy^':t)!,r,f,'ff
// Co1'1*n ttt' '*\u?i/"; ,-l:w
o.ol =-
11

b't*{ l" j
o'a l
J4' ltna'e6t*";u'n ,-iyq lrlw,,l; r - g+l id l rv,rt-l

)l
stri I't
Se
tot I
,{ Y*'fifahan in ed ll v $uyk'* '!Aa"
eu
-I a1. o z 6'o
4*"0
Prl^

mwl rru{e
ln I dn
ylact
**l ei. i
'fre^+
'r >1. a
JL
J Mg ir rv1,^rtr' elzctYo panltve lhau Zn

T\N 4 l/ % a,^) z)nt i' r;!t;

ru*#' 2,," r,fi h,*:;,^i,at e*s
rnn*ol s
ee "i) MV T^1
RV iu^+ 4 a,,prn*T#^r", q0,so+
Yo'lurrni/ *nd conu
FV,
golul, on ) n u-eat't2'1
2r. ,ffifn^H*^?fryff*tr r"okl
rf" tleat o{ r,,!,,:N iff)aa tnh a^to* totuh"n
^W,VM. _..
'f u?^t'rff"W" ol' J" Y6 *'w^t,"
Cu!0+ talulr.o
r"Y
t*achon 4

t+
I

Se+q (lotaka ?oz,l)

b ,
Wlrr^ lrJdro iont d.( u.ta-L< '
W
la 1"0 3"0 ituf H v0l Y* ln c.rea,'Je4
I

e
t 'rutrtl in I dea*ulyl"ce1
L;i;1 , 71* dr. t*D addil.J ( f$,\o

qalu
"f de ureaat"s /;, ,*dota]
e6h .r, so/, f"
",
a);y trtr - Conu*,|-zho'o{ llU o,)
J" flw coutp;akakan 4 11+ iaq /seaeda€a .
of''unlYn^o) w^r*n'!'oko^ *a)
li- rY

ii) rh. ,p^,t

,\YrY,,#wf;",,{*
iii . g1pr^1a o^al fr'e $ nih o"'
colour at oo lL'e
-aif1*)^-^t'
Pti f 'h'u'*
i; drffe-tr*t,
fft scare t.
.
cwfruhou t
o ad r^i;l' €{
'
srfryl t'o'u
''

Itrt) o'oooal,,of d*"7

Li U u ad d 'g'l rn'l du^-3 ^aA,
plt = -l"g Inul
yll = -lT TH.\ 3-D: lrfl I H']
r a - - lo5 {.Hr}
fi"*
/t /
f-n tofr Itl{= -:'o
exP \w-'.0 nrr yr+7 " t0')
[Hl = lo-'
LtlrJ^ a'oot *'ld;;
[rfJ' | *,1 d^'t*fr
o

t{ L