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    © All Rights Reserved
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    67 views44 pages

    English Matters 86-2021

    Uploaded by

    Emilia Barbara Baran

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 44
    DARMOWY MAGAZYN DLA UCZACYCH SIE JEZYKA ANGIELSKIEGO DODATEK [4.2 000: ED ED a It I | Pare VN SSD = 4 I WORKSHEET ca" usTA SLOWEK 2 magarynu do pobrania w plikach pat CONVERSATION MATTERS NOWE WYDANIA SPECJALNE JUZ | W SPRZEDAZY! Govor LISTA SLOWEK, ©@ MP3 ORAZ W WORKSHEET DO POBRANIA oC ZE STRONY wv ENGLISHMATTERS. PL THIS AND THAT 4 This & That SOUND & SPEECH © 6 Phonemic Symbols: /9/ PEOPLE AND LIFESTYLE @ 8 Hygge Danish Recipe for WORKSHEET) Happiness 12. It’s AMan’s Man's Man Cave! CULTURE (2.16 PETA Today 9 19 America the Peculiar CONVERSATION MATTERS 21 Good Vibes & Celebrations Qa Denmark CONTROVERSIAL DEBATE TOPICS consistently 25 Animal Testing Zeskanuj kod za ranks among TIPS telefonem, P< Lu thetopthree 28 How to Be Assertive pobierz appiest LANGUAGE ezptatny countries in the 7 dodatek wy > wnorld How is. 6931 Personality Idioms coal this possible? TRAVEL Conditionals” aw Let'sread about 33. My Heart Belongs to Seoul Een Oo hygge and LEISURE epee LL Lhe ciscover the (3.37 Amazing Baroness Rendell of a2 Danish recipe Babergh For happiness, 40 Rack Your Brain Zeros erates ern pete SSrupan Sd Son contra ocwoteroueer eee Owen lime te. 6163365 2800 111 | & Strahan re Layout maga ‘reneteoer@cactumecep i Ease" Sens oswormse ‘Sooo pounraagscrmesat i He seinelenat . Sona aasa Restor rare ose susoor | ees ie SIEREE costeanen — Redeiroromdrce Aga bce Wie Soba teramensnven 22 Bed tapas Hama oenecral vd ving ‘sua Leesen oo tetas 80% ven 124 men es Be aon Gian cavers Neuss HH eer ens ms! parey, i tekenadeclotanedag ae Telit ne pmo epic o fcc ken Steere by Katarzyna Szpotakowska COVI-D-ICTIONARY asymptomatic showing no symptoms ofa disease (about a person) contagious ~ a contagious disease can spread easily from one person to another (g. by touching infected clothes/sur- faces) covidiot ~ a person who ignores advice about health and safety measures drive through testing — testing done to ‘ person sitting in the car elbow bump — touching elbow to elbow asa form of greeting face mask a mask wom to cover the nose and mouth of a person face shield — a mask made of transpar- cent plastic to flatten the curve —to slow down the speed of spreading the disease during ‘pandemic hamsterkauf ~ (German) buying and hoarding a lot of stuff herd immunity ~ occurs when a lot ‘of people become immune to a disease because they have already had it and became immune, or they have been vac- Ik The rest ofthe society Istien less at risk of catching the disease. Jmmunity sytem -the bodys prteton ‘against diseases = . © & infectious—an infectious disease can be transmitted from a sick person to others lockdown ~ an emergency measure in which people are isolated from one another and are expected not to leave given area or building outbreak —the sudden beginning of adis- ease in a given area pandemic ~ the spread of a disease in many countries around the world (the) rona~a slang term used for coro- navirus ssanitiser ~a substance used in order to reduce/eliminate the number of bacteria’ viruses on a given surface shelter in place — instruction given to people to stay indoors until there is no danger ‘quarantine keeping people who might Bell soated from others inorder stop the spread of a disease ‘social/physical distancing —the distance Kept between people, eg n the street, ina shop ventilator ~a piece of equipment sup- slving oxygen to people with severe ng problems zoonotic ~ a disease that first spread ‘among animals and then started to infect. people and spread among them contagious fo» 0305 | zaraiay to spread | rozprestrenia sie advice | po/rada safety measures |Srodk berpicrehistua ebow | okie ‘reeting | powtanie tocover sth | zaiayé cot toflatten sth | wyplasaczat, splas2cye co8 curve 9 /o | turkreywa np. wykesu 2achorowat tohoard sth | gromadzit cos stuff | reczy herd immunity | edpomosestadna tooceur | wystepowat Jmmune tosth | odgorny na cos vaccinated against th | zasezepiony na co$ infectious eos | zakazny,zaratiny ‘measur | Sroek sven | cany ‘inorder to | aby deby to stay indoors | pazostat wewnat2 jv pomleszczenlach, budyokach) quarantine 0% én [ovarantanna | chory ‘equipment | wyposazene supplying sth to sb | dostarczajgry cos kamu onygen | tien severe | powa2ny tung | phuco toinfectsb | zarazatkogos rom i tara ied “7 aii RRO ee Tile TGs) 0 thousand =—_—s—pounds, at least! Cra pretee Leelee Te eM CALA 0 1 0) 10 oC atom tee ee Meme self) ends | don’t think we'll ever make it back home. It’s been a month , admit you've got no idea where you're leading us. toadmit | proynanat peu anrTes by Kamil Drozdzyk ‘meaning they are produced tomaster sth | opancwat cos by forcing alroutof two artic- must | koniecznast ulators (tongue and teeth) neat | cyst tay placed close together. to equal th byérGanym The main difference cent between the /8 and if con: — phoneme 21 [fonem snatsisthetnge pation, mie ph on Consonant clusters 78/ sound, you have to stick understandable containing the /6/ yourtongue forward. Make it [areca astering the ®/ touch yourupper teeth alittle sim | potobieistwo When the sound appears soundisanabso- bit, Now just blow some air voles |bezinigany right next to another consonant those who want ated between yourtongueand > | stony lesone Chistes withthe 8 consonant to speak English wih a next, teeth. Sounds like a hiss or kate | spose sacrenowa often appear ath end of oil natural accent. Stop fenking air escaping from a balloon? tongue ez numbers. Take a look a the fol peopleandstatthankingthem, You got it, This may seem consonant | psa lowing words ith A, sch Remember tat tree hundred abit weird at firs especially inorderto| aby, zeby sik, eighth en, eleventh doesn’t equal a ree hundred, in sentences, but witha litle tostisth forward | sue le, unde nando. Ther'sasignficantdfernce! practice you'll nail your 8 cof do prac These clusters cat be prety dif The / phoneme is often inn time sp | szaaina ficultto pronounce, sos dei- mixed up with the /f/ sound ‘The /O/ sound is normally hiss | sy nitely worth spending some time by non-native speakers. I's spelled with the letters th. It to seem | uryda understandable, as there are can appear in any part of the some similarities betweenthe word — the beginning (hank two. Both of them are voice- /Ozeyki, haw /@,themiddle atfist | nap ‘mastering their pronunciation. luster | 2itka containing sth | zawieralacy cos less, which means you don’t (pathetic /pa'Oetiki, nothing tonsilsth | do/szifowaé cos ordinal number | iczebrik needyourvocalcordstomake /naOig/), or the end (south to appear | pojawiat sie them, They arealse fricatives ‘san, mouth imac), thaw | odie nie worth | arth South /sav6/, north /n2:6 /... It’s all the same. Eventually we'll get there. Every path /pa:0/ leads to Rome! ‘eventually | whoicu ‘every path leads to Rome | wszysthe dro! prowadiza do Raymu Xk PEM me OTC ) aie | Dyan) Despite 17 hours of darkness per day during winter, Denmark consistently ranks among the top three happiest countries in the world. How is this possible? Let’s read about Aygge and discover the Danish recipe For happiness. Dee ete Ce ue oie] ren ee » cept of hygge is ing the simple and canbe a shoestring budget. 5 cowadays, wework excessively, andit is almost a com- petition to see ‘who can be the busiest People are becoming corporate war rors, concentrated on their professional careers and on ‘making a formune, and so they simply forget what makes them happy. Fortunately, there are still some countries ‘where the pace of lifeis slower and the levels of happiness among their citizens are really high. Lets find out how to enjoy lifeto the full and fee joy every aay. What is Hygge? The Danish concept of hyg- ge has gained steam because ir offers a road to happiness Although this word itself is difficult 0 trans- late, it loosely means comfort, warmth and togeth- emess, which can be achieved by tak- ingtime away from the dally rush and enjoying the good things in fe, bike spending time with fam- lly and friends. Some other examples of hygge include: playing board games, drink- ing hot beverages by candle- light while reading book, or ‘walking in the park. During Denmark's short, and often unreliable summers, Danes leamed how to enjoy every ay flight. They goto thei. rer houses, grow their own ‘vegetables, throw big hnches and simply enjoy every happy moment of their lives. Meik Wiking, the author of The Little Book of Hygge: 10 Danish Secrets To Happy Living, the CEO of the Happiness Research Institute in Copenhagen, claims that hhygge has been called every thing from the art of creating itimacy tothe cozinessof the soul. According to the author, some of the key ingredients are togetherness relaxation, indul= ‘gence, presence and comfort. How to Become a Hyggespreder For those who are looking to introduce more hygge into their lives, the best pace to start is the home. We need to stop for a while and enjoy the lit- le things. The whole concept ‘tnowadays | obecnie excessively | nadmiemie, weadmiarze competition | wala: warir | wojoik fortunately | na s2cze tofindout sth | doviadywat Sie czegos to gain steam | rosnatw se loosely | fw swobosnym ‘fumaczeni warmth yor you | eeple togetbemess | bycierazem achived | siagniety daly us | aden pospeeh toincude sth [0 board game | pa pln beverage | 295) by candlelight | przy Siete unrlable 0 | zowodny ray fight | promi Sata tothrowsth | wana cos, ceganizoat 2C€0= Chief Executive Ofer 1 syetor ar generany Copenhagen io: 1 Kopentaga toclaim | wierd coziess | twsygata komt cordingto sb | weskug hogs of hygge is about appreciating the simple pleasures in life, and canbe achieved ona shoestring budget. We should practise bygge every day, and then our level of happiness should be higher. If you have some free time, don’t think about your duties for tomorrow, or any- thing else, but instead just smag- gle up ina wan blanket, read ‘book, and sip tea, Have you got acat? Great! Stroking your peti hygge, too. Change com- puter games for board games, and, of course, ty to limit your social media usage. Another advice: swap harsh, bright ‘overiead lights for softer can- lelight. Most Danes associate bhygge with flickering candles, which creates a special ambi- ence in theirhomes. Any Special Outfits? Oversize is always in. Concepts at the core of hygge fashion, include sumptuousiy soft mohair scarves, woollen or cashmere socks, plenty of black, and minimalistic jewel- ley. Remember that the more layers, the better! If you want to be an indoor hygge practi- tioner, a palr of hyggebusker (@ pair of pants one would never wear in public) and a slouchy sweater isa mus. Food? Lykke or Hygge? tthe coreof these notions of warth, compassion, com- munity and comfort is the importance Danish culture gives not only to its food, but the rituals with which meals are prepared and con sumed. Because the winter is s0 unforgiving, Danes fully embrace the summer offerings Alfough the seasons shor, is produces abundant. Chickpea salads with red onion, olives and tomatoes are packed up forpicnics, which ae also very popular among hygge aficiona dos. Moreover, Danes often go to pick blackberies or straw- berties, so they can make their own fruit crumbles or jam. Hygge Ending Hygge has this focus on being present, connected, fecting ‘wan, understood and secure ‘Those ingreients are also vital ‘o our menial health, and that’s ‘why it's Becoming so popular So, maybe next tne, instead of being at sixes and sevens and working your fingers 0 the bone, just sit down and derive contentment from the small things. The pursult of everyday happiness does notalwaysmean a sumptuous villa by the sea, or the most powerful hyper car in the worl, bat just aking a allt bath, or enjoying a sof side chat with a loved one with glass of red wine inhand. sto appreciate sth | cocenist cos ‘ona shoestring budget | niki bbuddetem, pray niskim budzece Instead | zamiast tego tosmugaleupinsth | vauat slew eos tosipsth | pop o$ malymi Fykamy, sgczye tostroke sb/sth | tuplaskat gos feos advie | po/rada ‘to swap sth | eymieni¢ cos harsh | ostry overhead | znad glow, sutouy ‘twassociate sth with sth hojaray o¢ 2 ys flickering | migoceacy ambience sis 1 atmsfera masts) outfit | sto ubioe atthe creo sth | usedna coogos sumptuously spi | fe _praepychem, okazale, bardzo jewellery [beuteria layer | warstwa indoor | wewnate strauberty rte slouchy sini | terozeignity | ruskawka must | koniecnost frat crumble | deserowocoy community | spoiecenosé zhrszonka reat | poe tofocus onst | sup sgna forgiving | surowy cayms fully [pen vital | Mccoy 2asadniay twembracesth | towork your fingers tothe bone vykorystynat co ceszyésig | zaharowywat ig yn to derive contentment from sth season | pra roku { coerpa 2 czeg08zadonoenie abundant» biodant[obfty pursuit pasiot par sut chickpea | ciecervee 1 pose soon jan | cebula sumptuous |okazahy wystawny aficionado | 2wclennik fan candi bath | ap prey Aopicsth | beret cos suieach acer | e2yoa chat | pogewecka Interview ‘We asked our Danis friend Majken t give her definition of hygge. This is what she answered: ‘To me, hygge is spending a good and easygoing time in the company of good friends. For example, taking a walk. in a park discussing life, hanging out at a café or bar or at home. We don’t need to do something special, just enjoy eachother’s company. I'sa relationship based on rust and. ‘mutual recognition. wouldn't say that any special dishes represent hygge ‘The criteria is that you enjoy the food with others — like having brunch with friends or enjoying Christmas dinner with family. You can also relax witha snack on your own, but itis more connected withthe feeling of enjoyment and, relaxation, Like having a good time and sharing a mutual, recognition with the ones you're with. ‘Then you could also break it down to different lifestyles, values and noms. Ipersonally don’t like to sitforhours and eat the Christmas dishes = it's too boring, But the others think its the essence of hyage. Eating Polish tomato soup after a walk in the moun- tains is personally more hygge to me. easygoing | t-svcbotny to hang out | js na miasto ‘twenjoy each ather’s company U cies sig wzajemnym towarzystwem trust | zaufanie ‘mutual recognition I wzajemne wznanie ish | canie brunch | pone niadanie snack | prsiqsta ‘to breakit downto sth [ tusprowadzit co$ do caegos 7 ry ty 3 o By 5 Es rs 3 s 5 It's A Man’‘s Man's Nan Cave! by David Wilding Legendary soul singer, James Brown, once told us that, “This is a man’s world, But it would be nothing without a woman or a girl”. Well, he may well be right, but sometimes ... well, don’t YOU need some place to call your own? man cave is like your own personal space — a retreat away from a tough day at work, a family argument, ora place for the weekend. You can rest there, relax, save your energy forthe week to come and do what you really feel like doing. And all the solitary time will, in fact, give you time to reflect and get back | cae domu bedacap without sb | bez kogos your own | 115 ‘retreat | 23 ‘ough i | trucny family argument | vw askinia together with your loved ones. And such a boost in your energy can make you a more efficient person, a more focussed individual anda more rested one. And you. ill fel ll the better fori! But sociologist Tristan Bridgestoldusthat areal man cave is ust a space for a man and his hobbies not the popular image of one with big screen TVs, leather sofas or pool tables. star | samotny, w sartnas toget backtogether | po/wréci do sibie boost | Z852yk efficent | yay focussed | shoncentrewany rested | wypocegty leather |skérzany pool table | sé blardowy & British war time prime minister, Winston Churchill, had an art studio where he could go and paint and keep away from the troubles of the outside world. al ® S zo o 2 = is i= o 3 a a Nowe wydanie spedalne Enalish\Matters Do Man Caves Have a History? Inthe eary 20th century, US President, ‘Teddy Roosevelt used his man cave to show offal his hunting trophies. Author Mark Twain had his own wirting hut on his sister’ land, where he could write in peace without intemuption. British war- time prime minister, Winston Churchill, hhad an ar studio where he could go and paint and keep away fromthe troubles of the outside word. And in cinema, we had them inthe 1943 Batman film, The Bat's Cave, withits gadgets and secret entrance. Also, in contemporary literature, they ‘were popularised inthe bestselling book, Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Verus, by John Gray. The author noted hhow men, when under stress, retreat to their, “caves” to get some distance from an issue, whereas women more often talk tothose wito are close to them. There was even a TV miakeover series 2007, where ‘basements and garages across the USA ‘became man caves in front ofa fascinated television audience, What About some Theme Ideas for a Cave? The, “manspace’ is about a man and his personality, soe needs atheme,fur- ‘itute and gadgets galore, Here are six concepts for the Man Cave of Dreams: ato show off sth | pokazywat cos, octal siecayms bunting trophies tofea ysl interruption | przeryarie wartime | w czasie wojny prime minster | premier ‘contemporary | wspdicresny whereas | poccras gy ‘makeover | cakowitaodmiana wgladu audience > 905 | publiznosé theme Sin | motyx przawodal furitue | meble sare | w znacen| loc bod sa gear cil) | tspegt poster | lokat rnumberpat | tblcarejestracyna faling | owiewka ostona aerodynamicana [np wmotacyku) Including sth | wlacnia 2 cays windscreen | uyceracrka brake | hamulec Biking — This could beinthe garage— the motorbike itself, pus gar that goes with it, phus poser, photographs and signs around the walls. If there is no spice forthe whole bik, then favourite bike pars are also great. The first se of wheels, things they spent good money on, and stuff forthe walls ike numberplates forbikes of long ago, treasured motorbike fairings, or a whole front end including Tights, windscreen, wheel, farings and brakes. Not forgetting old motorbike ear Leather jackets with arm patches are personal, and a great lookinghelme, oo Hunting -Huningmemorabiti sal about guns and kis. Not forthe family living room! A man doesn’t have to be 2 forester to have a hunting theme, but it proves poin if he ci kill those deer himself! There could be a log cabin theme ‘with central fireplace, bearskin rugs, malt Whisky .. ora fridge of cheap bees! And there's the rustic Welcome sign. And ‘man can goin for some taxideray to show off prize catches, though not every animal looks good this way. Bub gate binds, small mammals and the big guys havetobethere! And animal bone lamps! ‘Aegcushion! And the most obvious~an antler coat rack! Gaming —Serous gamers DON'T want to be disturbed! Kids or dogs ranning across the screen in the way? No good! In here, men and boys can have their leather jacket | skreana hutha arm patch | nasayka na amie helmet | kask ‘memorabilia | pat 4a | tuzeobyez forester | esncay toprovea point | udowathi soi race eer | elt Aogeabin | chatazdrewnianyeh ball fireplace | korinek bearskin rug | eywanik 22 skéry nieiedoa rustic vsti | wwi)skim styl taxidermy | taksyderia, wypychanie2wirzat catch | tw2dobyez ‘mammal | ssak Togeushion | posusea preypominaiaca polana ‘obvious obvies/ obvi | oceywisty antier |g tenia coat rack | wiaszalenaubrania shit | resto big TVs and surround sound systems, and be away from those who don't share their gaming passions. Don't forget the retro arcade machine inthe corner! Space Invaders, Defender, good, old Breakout those were the days! It doesn’thave to be the latest kit ~a slot machine is also great, and a pool table table football or classic pinball machine. Not forgetting gate posters lights and sound effects, and those High Scores! ‘Sporting -A very popular Cave, used for watching the game, or somewhere to showcase sports memorabilia that’s been sitting in the attic for years, Favourite teams can be immortalised with their own shrine and the Ultimate Fanspace! And there has to be the big sofa and 4K TV for match days, but why stop at just one TV? Nomoresports channels lashes, or ing the live event! [ming — Again, thebig TVis amust- have, with surround sound and tower speaker system, But what aboutafull-size ‘movie projector screen with red velvet cartains? And whatman cavemovie night would be complete without a popcorn ‘machine? Next, there must be reclining cinema seating with, it goes without say- ‘ng, cup holders, USB charging sockets and hidden storage space inside. And last, bout not least, old movie reels around the walls to go with the posters and a few Vinwage cinema EXIT signs! slot machine | automat do ary pinball machine | automat do gry we pera toshowcase sth | pokazat/zapezentouat cos attic | stych Immotalised)lou0 39> tale usieceniony shrine join | Satya miejce kutu must-have | KoniecnoS¢ coco koniacznie treeba miae reclining | ozWadeny Ie goes without saying | re tebe docawat, 22, to oceywiste cup holder | uchwat a nap6j SB charging socket | giazdho USB hidden | ueyty storage space | mojscenapreechowymania acy last but not least | ostatne ale nie ri) real | role, ru8, szpula afew | hha “4 Musicking ~A room to have it oud Where beter to keep vinyl favourites and the HiFi experience they deserve but not everyone else wants! Aside from listening, a man can play! Of course for this, he needs extra soundproofing ~ why make the neighbours jealous? And every ‘man can jam away tohishea’s content without being told to Tum It Down! All this with posters, classic album cover ant, and music lyric wallpaper for that finishing touch But ... the Problem with Man Caves Is... Something we have to realise is that the concept of a man cave is rather out= dated in the world of today. Yes, it may be true that we all need our own space from timeand some well-eamed me-time, bur it has to be said that running away to your man cave is not always the way to achieve that. Its a fact that if you, as ‘aman, realy feel you need to escape from your, “other half”, in order to solve the problem, then something preity serious is going wrong! Whatever happened to shared interests? Shared spaces? Does sasidefrom sth |opéce egos soundproofing | ci Jealous oes |zazcosny to.ones heart content | le uszaapragie totum sth down | torealesth|2dtsobie 2 2ego sprave outdated | proestarzaly torunauay | uihat toachevesth | osggnatcos thecal | vg plow shared interests | wsploe 2antresonaria withdrawal 8 Lowy threatened | 23979207 abandoned | opuszzony nthe one hand | ze) tony tolmpose sth ons | narzucat cos kos and thelite | ty poobne expense | vdatek burden b=) ba | za, and soon | tk ae aman ned tobe soteritoral ike some and, when a family moves house, is not kind of dog or wid animal? Withdrawal somethingto pack and ake, ad a future may feel more natural for men, bt for house bayer may not want such a “bur: ‘womenitisavery confusingtime,andshe den” on what they'te buying Also ft ‘may fee threatened andeven abandoned. {sll of valuable equipment, electronics and soon, then that could be a security problom that increases the risk of thet To Man Cave or Not ‘And, as we have said already, it can put to Man Cave? pressure ona relationship and also may affect children negatively when all they So,isaman cavea good thing ornot? _seeis Dad disappearing doventohis Cave, Well, onthe onehanditisagreaidea to and not spending time with them when remodel prof thetiome and clear space he should thatis occupied by what needn’tbethere, However, close, a man cave is an andcanalsobeanescape when youdon't interesting and motivating project 0 want impose noisy sports, gaming ses- unleash creativity, and gives the motiva- sionsandthe ikeonthe fami. Butitcan tion to ge itright. And then there isthe involve alotof personal expenseand time, satisfaction knowing that you did itt fF ‘The world’s biggest Man Cave, “The Temple Of Vroom’, in Fresno, California, USA. It is a themed man cave based on the Indiana Jones movies and was built bby Monster City Studios from hard-coated polystyrene. The main room is 40 metres long x 20 metres wide. The ceilings are over S metres tall. It has 150 computer-controlled lights, $30,000 worth of loudspeakers and a custom-built bar area for75 people with a genuine 1960 military truck hanging above the bar, together with two 80-inch 4K TVs which go with a Playstation, XBox and Wil. Apart from the benches and wooden chairs, the whole thing is entirely custom: ‘made, and comes complete with pool tables, arcade games, three Indiana Jones pinball games, a giant Buddha head and DJ stage and, of course, the pyramid Temple itself. toincrease sth | zvigszat hard-coated | 12 tarda powoka genuine &320\n | prandeiny sk of theft | rzykokradzeay ceolling si | suft miltary truck | vojskowa Cezarbuta toaffect sb | dotykatkogos worth | wrth apartfrom sth | oprcz czeg05 todisappenr | loudspeaker | sosnik entirely | clkonicie tounleash sth | wyzwclié cos ‘ustormbult | speciale /budowany custom-made | zrbiony na zaméwienle togetitrigh | t:zrobi Bs) ® 8 be o 2 = a First, to Find out what PETA is, it’s necessary to decode the acronym. It stands for People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals, and is an American animal rights organisation based in Norfolk, Virginia. No doubt a lot of people have heard about this non-profit corporation, especially when the Polish model, Joanna Krupa, took part in one of its campaigns against the fur industry. The slogan ‘I'd rather go naked than wear fur’ and Joanna's naked body in the photo hit the headlines in 2007. tofind ut | cowiedit se totakeparinsth | wziagw czmé utes naked | naga tostand for sth | oznaczaé cos fur 0) | fut tonitthe headlines | pojaw no doubt rv dat [bee watlenia industry | preemys! rnaglonkach gezet 16 er'sunravel the subjectof PETA and read up om the basic infor- ‘mation, theirbeginnings, some of themost shocking campaigns and other controversies. Basics PETA prides themselves on having over 6 million supporters. The main slogan is: ‘Animals are not ours to experiment on, eat, wea, use for enter= tainment, or abuse in any other way’ This means that PETA fights against different issues such as factory farming, furfarming, animal testing or the use of animals in entertainment, for example circuses. It also promotes veganism and deals with the problem of keeping backyard dogs on chains. It openly opposes speciesism. Interestingly, Ingrid Newkirk, a British animal rights activist is both the founder and presi dent of PETA until now. How it All Started Newkirk moved to Florida with her parents when she was a teenager, lea- ing the UK behind. After some years in 1980, when she was working as a volun- ter in an animal shelter in Washington, she met Alex Pacheco, who familiarised hher more thoroughly with the concept of animal rights. At first, PETA was asmall organisation more dedicated to educa ing the public than te actively advocat ing for animal welfare, However, a great change occurred when the case of the Silver Spring monkeys was revealed to the public eye, Pacecho, in mid-1981, started vol- tunteering at the Institute of Behavioral Research in Silver Spring, Maryland, to get firsthand knowledge on the experi- ‘ments that were being carried out there ‘onmonkeys. Hetook photos by night and talked to people working there to get their testimony to be used later while publicis- ing the case, It rumed out that monkeys. hhad been treated cruelly ad lacked basic veterinary care The photos were published by Washington Post, and it was the first animal-rights case to trigger a lot of controversy, as well as more awareness amongst the population. It also helped PETA to beestablished as an intemation- ally known animal-rights organisation. Three Shocking Campaigns Cow's milk not for humans. PETA, in its campaigns, devotes a lot of time to dairy produce and how cows are maltreated in factory farming. that peo- ple all over the world can drink milk and eat daity, One of the most controversial ‘to unravel sth | rowing co to pride oneself on sth | 52: by dummy 2 cagos supporter | zwolennik entertainment | roziyika abuse | wyzysk naduyce vaykorystanie factory farming | cow przemysiowy todeal with sth |zajmou se cryné baclyard | pocwérkowy hain [ahicch speciesism | dyshryminaja gatunkowa founder | z2!2cielka tomovetoxX | preprowa! teenager |nastolateknastolatha olunteer | ochotnik animal shelter | schronsko cays, ox wloraat tofamilaise sb with sth | zzznajomickogos zayms thoroughly Siva! Sl | daglebnie at frst | na poczat ‘aunying PETA, in ts campaigns, devotes alot of time to dary produce and how cows are maltreated In factory Farming so thet people all over the world can drink mikand eat Savy, Images is of a man being breastfed ‘a cow. The caption says: ‘Looks weird, right? It’s what you're doing if you drink cow's milk. Raise yourhandif you know that humans shouldn't be drinking cow's breast milk, Itwas made for their babies, = not you!’ Another controversial step wasto pub- lisha short video which was clearly meant to play with people's emotions. At first the film showsa few women expressing their feelings after being raped. What follows is the comparison of cow insemination to rape. The statement says: ‘No mother should have to go through this’, While the intention was clearly pure, the way toadvocate for sth | wystepona w cbronie egos animal welfare | dobro zwierat twoccur 9) | drae sq myareye sig revealed | ujairiony knowledge ols)» cared out | przeprowezany testimony | zeznanie ittumed out | kazalosie tolacksth | tie Ao coegos veterinary cae | opela weterynaryine to trigger sth | wat cos awareness | Swiadomost ep daly cai 02 | nabilouy a breastfed | kariony pits weld oad yard | dali osoblinie comparisan | postiwnanie insemination | inserinacia, zaplecnianie em to get the message across was, 10 put itmilaly, appalling. PETA, however, is well-known for sharing distressing con- tent toreach as wide a public as possible. They claim cows suffer from being arti- ficially inseminated all their lives, until their organisms are exhausted, and there- fore, useless for milk production, That's ‘when they are sent tothe slaughterhouse. Chickens as Holocaust Another shocking comparison was drawn between chickens and Holocaust vic- tims. The photo presented people in the concentration camp on the left side and chickens in cages on the right side. The caption reads: ‘To animals, all people are Nazis’. As already mentioned, PETA fights against speciesism, which is the {dea that humans are a higher species in hierarchy than animals, PETA opponents, In return, accuse the organisation of the dehumanisation of humans. Whatever a person believes, everyone will in all likelihood agree that the Holocaust is ‘a matter of great delicacy and should be approached with respect and considera- tion not to hurt anyone's feelings. Boyfriend Went Vegan The video on veganism, with iis message, Is somehow confusing aud disturbing. ‘A woman is walking back home with dif- ficulty, carrying a bag of vegetables. She reveals her boyfriend has gone vegan and “ato get sth across | preedstaniécos, prekazat to putty | deat r2ace yj appaling | potworny, 73 stressing | slacmuay content | zawartost artfcialy | sztucznie Inseminated | zaplachiany exhausted 9 sti | uryzerpany slaughterhouse | rzeinia to accuse sb af sth | slarzathogos In allikethood | najrawvdopedobnie approached | t:traktowany to govegan |p ‘unstoppable | nie do po to encourage sbto do sth | zac doztobienia egos tost | najuyzszy niepokojacy ‘snow unstoppable in bed. The mention of hhim being like a tantric por star suggests that veganism turns men into a strong, wild force in bed that puts women at risk of being abused. ‘For Jessica it’s too late'—wehearin the video, The last state- ‘ment of this short 30-second film encour- ages viewers to learn to go vegan safely. Honestly speaking, it's not of utmost ‘Importance whether the message is that you become full of vigour and energy ‘when you give up on meat, or that i's crucial to know how to follow a vegan diet without any deficiencies, What truly draws our attentions the use ofthe image of an abused woman, which certainly for ‘many females triggers psychological pain and discomfor. Controversies Apart from campaigns which are thought to be too extreme and offensive, even by some animal lovers, PETA is also known for other controversies, One of them is euthanasia. As we can read on the PETA website they resort to this when an animal cannot be helped in any other way, but sceptics claim that the organisation simply kills animals: around {85% of those that are rescued (usually cats and dogs) are puto death for no obvious reason. Some data is even harsher and demonstrates that less than 1% of the rescued animals are adopted. In fact, no fone will ever know the whole ruth. Also, itmightbe put into consideration how wisely PETA manages its annual ‘to give upon sth | 2/rexygnowat 2 czepos without sth | bez czegos to draw ones attention to sth | zracaé ayia age na cos female | xbieta apart from sth | opréc egos offensive |obraliy to resort to sth | uciskat sie do czogos ‘tobe putt death | by usypianym data | dane harsh J ostry ‘toputsth into consideration | rz annual | 0204 ‘curently | obecnie lastbut notes | osatrigaleniermkjuine mean | Srodek toimprove th | poleps2yé cot to divide sb | podzilickogos budget, which currently accounts for around 50 million dollars. How much is actually spent on helping animals and how much goes to advertisements and to the celebrities that, for example, took part in the already mentioned campaign “Teather go naked than wear far’? Thelt ‘money management is probably open to individual interpretation, Last, but not Least ‘One question that may be asked at the end ofthis article is whether all the means to improving animal welfare are effective, Do animal activists sometimes ddo more hana than good? Does PETA help animals? The answers to this question wil be sureto sharply divide respondents. 7 DER vase ed Papert ee fee ea sg Seas te jan or inca mated Se oer POR ery the numberof vegans inthe UK ha: Prem care See onc Dee Pees Ett cy] ee i 18 America the Peculiar by Jonathan Sidor Think you know Us culture like : the back of your hand? We beg to differ. Prepare to do a double take as English Matters presents some of America’s most perplexing peculiarities. peculiar 0 we begto differ | todo double take perplexing | zdumlewslacy, wprawilacy w zaKtopotanie peeulaty | osoblivose { you assume that your everyday shopping nthe United States and needed habits are similar to those of most _tomeasure something have probably had Americans, you've gotanotherthing an unfortunate run-in with America's coming. US culture bas a number imperial system of measuremert. Looking of oddities that foreigners often find baf- for kilometers, grams, or Celsius? Good fing Jc! While most ofthe world has tuck to the metic system, the USA and only ; two other countries remain loyal to the Food Fixations imperial system, Ifyou everenoutin the United Stes, youll likely find the American dining Fly Your Flag tuperience tobe atad eccentric, Firs off,theporion sizes will bow youover. Next onthe list is America’s love of Ontop ofthis, enjoying reerefilsatany flags, specifically the American flag, establishment is the norm. Moreover, Citizen will ly Old Gory in foat of glasses are commonly filed othe brim homes, atop skysctapers and inside with ce to ensure tat crip taste. classrooms. For many, the US flag is a permanent fixture on thelr home or business. Public spectacles like parades Imperial Idiosyncrasies and sparing events wil feature the lag aswell Other fags forstates,spors clubs Those who've gone driving or oruniversties are popular 00. em Top Tippers Maybe you feel pressured to tip every nowand then, but tip- ping is prac- tically a reli- gion for most Americans. Tipping waiters and waitresses is the bare mini ‘mum, Americans routinely tip any- one performing 1 personal service. This includes hair stylists, bartenders, hotel cleaning staff, taxi drivers and food delivery drivers. The amount that Ameri- cans are expected t0 tiphas also been creep- ing up. Busy Bees Outsiders are usually shocked once they find out exactly how much Americans work. A hefty majority works well over 40 hours per ‘week, ancl American workers spend more time at work than other nationalities. In addition, Americans take the fewest ‘number of vacation days. Legally speak- ing, there are no guaranteed maternity. leave or paid holidays in the USA. We may find all of this alarming, but it’s perfectly normal to most Americans. A Quaint Culture Every country is unigue, but Ameri- cans take their quirks to a completely different level. If you're planning a visit inthenear future, youmay bein for more than you've bargained for 7 ‘oddity | osoblivose foreigner lorie) ene 1 obcokrajowiec bathing | zaskaluacy tocat out | jest na misce atad | troche to bowl sb over | 9 wostpienie refi | colena filled tothe bri | napeiniony pobrzegi/po sama krawedé crisp | chrupacy -atomeasuresth | mierzyécos unfortunate | nieszczesny ruo-lo |p ‘00d luck | powedzenia tostickto sth | rzymat sie czegos atop | nag slyscraper | drapacechmur fbture | osprzt element tipper [osc daca napinek totip | dawatnapinck every now and then | 2352 routinely ti eutynowa, toincude sb | cbejmowae kogos bartender | barman amount | ose tocreep up| stopniowo rsnat toffind out | dowidit sig hefty | cuey majority | wiekszo: ‘amaterity leave | paid holidays | piatnyurop quaint oven | dzny 05 unique jn | jedyny w swoim ik ok ess | dete tobe infor | doswiadczatczogos to bargain fr sth = bo 0 ny | spodziewa raat ges macerayisk 20 Seo tet Good Vibes = & Celebrations by Jonathan Sidor Everyone loves a good celebration. Who Re ee doesn’t want to kick back and live it up every féte | Swieto once in a while? Whether it’s a Festival, holiday "#8 or some other Féte, this guide From English Matters has all the useful lingo you'll need to have a splendid time. Amazing Adjectives + T've been feeling festive all week. + We've always worn these outfits e's an age-old tradition “Tcan’t remember the exact date, because it's a moveable feast. + We havea proud tradition of organising folk ‘dances each winter. “There's a rich tradition of honouring our ancestors in the southern part of my country. outfit | t9) moveable | ruchomy feast | Svigto fetk dances | 2 ancestor |p ludowe n Matters Conversa’ “ECA T'mhappy we lft home early. We found a great park- ing spot and have all day to take in the Independence Day festivities 1 can’t walt forthe parade. Tm on cloud nine. Look at all ofthe banners and flags decorating the streets, ‘Yes, 1’ sure i'l be thrilling. 'm curious about the other events that are planned forthe day. Do you think there will be any live music? T know there will be. Here’s a pamphlet explaining all of today's events. We'll even have fireworks to end the night with a bang. Now that’s music to my ears. Oh, I see that there's going to be a special ceremony honouring our soldiers, too, ‘Would you like to see that? Fee Met haa) eet at take the cake, For instance, everyone ought to check Serer eng eae Burope’s ereenc 20,000 oT a eet ey ge ge ee ie rown of Barye fel Pony totake the cake | wpra pine pra Berea peer iart Par ities ut eo Ne ee eer oa Deer rr peer Sear 1s its unique celebrations, but there are a few festivals around the world out the Battle of the Orany aoe eta Generar! Soe pectin ented Se tee ke entice) eee eh on, the people of Thailand mark their N Preece tet Me aes ene eee Definitely, I’ be great to take in as much as possible today. They ve held this festival forthe last, what, 30 year, bat there are always some new thingsto se. ove how it remains traditional and nostalgic, yet mixes in new and exciting elements each year Tm sothankful dad brought ushere askids, Oursmall town’s proud traditions aren’ so bad, are they? ‘tiling | ekscituacy five [nay pamphlet | uta bang | huk definitly | zdecydovanie Festive Decorations + She insisted on hav- ing streamers for the celebration + People traditionally wearmasks, +The government is considering bringing pyrotechnics this year ) those laboratory doors, probably because they know that if they found out what we really do to animals, they would have nightmares. But hiding from the truth does not justify it. So here'sa few facts foryou~afterhearing them, you can decide if animal testing is wrong of not, We test on over 100 million animals a year. After we've finished harming them, starving them, force feeding them, and using them, we kill them. One test on a monkey. Involved stitching her eyelids closed and attaching an electronic sensor to herhead ~can you think of any justifi- able reason to do that? How could anyone do that ed Jason Sure, sure, we need ani mal testing to advance medicine. You've prob- ably heard that right? Well, it’s wrong. Most medical research is actually held back by animal testing — animals are not people, so they are not affected in the Those who are against it.. same way as we are, Would you eat ‘what art eats? Would you live where 2 frog lives? No. So why would you ‘want the medicine or shampoo that ‘works on these animals for yourself? Have you heard of thalidomide? 1's a sleeping pill that was responsible for more than 10,000 birth defects in Jnuman children in the ‘50s, yet in the animal testing on mice, rats, guinea pigs, cats, and hamsters done before it ‘was approved for human use, problems only occurred when it was given in Inuge doses. Or what about the arthritis drug Viox2? Tests on mice showed it had positive effects on the heart, soit ‘was considered safe for humans. That's ‘until 27000 human heart attacks and deaths resulted from itandit was pulled from the matket. Where's the benefit behind the animal testing here, ask you? Think about the flip side, too how many possible human cures have ‘we missed because they didn’t work ‘on animals? Leanne tonic pain | to ustity sth | deliberately | burning | panic healing process | proces lecenia outery | lum, losy potestu unfortunately | iestety proper | wlasny, waScivy to stand up tosb/sth | spreecuié se homes caemus, przecvstawi sig komuS/czemus tocommit sth | popetniag atrocity | okropiestwo nigtmare | kosemar tostamve sb/sth | gloci hago /cos tw force feding b/sth | zmuszat kogos/cos to involve sth | tw stitch sth | 2526 cos eli | poweka justifiable | wzasadniony guinea pig approved | heart attack | zawalserca alld | tu-wycofany theflipsde | druga strona medal consent frm | frmulare 2g0dy to agreeto sth | zgadzat sie na cos conscious 1 swiadomy advancement | postep OTT Belt PUD eet ere eS eto Peete oe Poeeeeta sears eect ing) which could be beneficial to Brae eke case Pre eet pete raeeeyere eee Peace ny Peers ee eo Peery Porat tee ‘When you're practicing assertiveness, it's important to speak in a way that doesn imply accusations or make tie other person fea! uly. Don’ beat about ‘the bush. Be simple, direct, and concise. When asserting yourself, remember, Jessismore, Meandering oF long-winded explanations are not very welcome toliply sth | sugerowat cos accusation =) 260 | oskartenie tomake sb feel guilty | powodouat, ze htos se cule sie winny to beat about the bush | onj2t wavelng concise | 2igaly to meander ni ra() | kg Jong-winded | rozwlelty “"You'realways late”, “You neverhelp me”. These are agressive statements ‘which canbe nterpretedas judgemental and hostile. Therefore, makeita habit to say phrases like “I think ... “ or “I feel ...* Never use aggressive language because these statemens trigger other people, leaving them frustrated, and finally shut down conversation. By using I” you put the focus on yourself and how their behaviour has affected you, “Aggressive communication: “You are never on time!” “Assertive Communication: 14 really lite yu to be her on tne, so we can spend mor ime on this presentation” behaviour | zachowanie to shut sth down | zamykat hofcxyé cos judgemental Losatzajacy to putthe focus on oneself | shupig sie hostile | weog! nasobie therefore | dlatego toaffect sb | dothnatkogos wphnat totrigger sth | vyzwalatcoS,ponodowat na kogos ake Jtwon'thappen overnight, but witha lite effort and preparation you can leam_ hhow todoit. Remember that practice makes perfect, So don't allow others to takeadvantage of you; insist on being treated fairly. Here are a few examples: "Excuse me, but Ihave another appointment,” “Please turn down the radio,” or “No thank you, F’'m not interested in these products.” to-stand upfor oneself | valczve tallow sb todo sth | pozwolé torus na oswoje aroblene cages overnight | 2 nia na dzie to take advantage of sb | wyhor2ystyivat effort | vrysiek egos practicemakes perfect | (viczonieczyni_toinsiston sth | nalagat na cos mistraa afew | kik appointment | spatianie ‘When we think about the work environment, ry toschedulea special time and discuss important issues ina private, neutal location. Avoid overgeneralisa- tions and qualifiers, suchas “always” and “never.” People ae rarely always inconsiderate, unreliable or iresponsible. These sweeping generalisations trigger defensiveness and shut down open communication. to schedule I vyznaczat Inconsiderate | lokiomySIny nirazwadny planowae unreliable na ktérym nie toavoldsth | nat czegos mozra polegat ualifir | cu yrazohreSlaacy cos, sweeping | tu-cpony, dalek idacy cokrelenieo np. negatyunym znaczeniu. defensiveness | defensywnosé,obronna postawa ‘Body language and the way of speaking are also vital. ‘Slouching, shuffling or marching around will undoutxedly undermine your message. Therefore, you should express your confi- ‘dence and maintain eye contact. Make sure you have the person's full attention “Joh, I need that report by Monday morning," is an assertive statement. Try to say it slowly, audibly and. calmly. toemphasise sth | aséna to shuffle | szuratnogami cob racisk undoubtedly Slouching sl) | garblenie | bea watpiena. sie, zgarbionapostawa ——_cnfidene | pewnost tohunch one's shoulders sche [ul ramiona audibly obi | wyratnie Itis important to describe the results and effects of others behaviourspecifcally. Youshouldn't generalise, expand or judge Instead of saying: “There isno point having a meeting nw. This project i hopeless!" Use Assertive Communication: “We are going to have very ltl tne left for this meeting, as Tneed to leave for another meeting at 2:00 p.m.” toeraggerat | przesadzaé toexpand sth | pos2or23 cos, dacauat tojudge | ocenag instead of sth | zamiast coegos die Here are a few examples of assertive communication: “completely understand what you're saying but Ihave todisagree” “1 feel frustrated when you are late for meetings. I don’t like having to repeat information.” “Could you explain the reasoning behind your decision, so J can ty to understand what you're doing” to disagree | nie zgndzat sg teasoning | ro2umovarie Of course, it is crucial to admit our own mistakes and apologise when necessary, but over-using the word “sorry” can make your sincere apologies less ‘meaningful and may even lose you your co-workers’ respect. Apologising isa common trait among passive ‘communicators who want to avoid confrontation atall costs. “People pleasers” apologise because they assume ‘that are wrong or want to diffuse tension. Try to elimi- hate over-apologising if you want to sound assertive. to admit sth | przyzna6 co, pryanat sig do crogos meaningful | z0acz3cy ‘common | powszechny trait | cecha atall costs | za vszelkacene tocdiffuse sth | rozladawat cos ‘Try to understand the other person's point of view and don’t interrupt when they are explaining it to you. Remember that effective communication rests ‘on mutual respect. srutual | wzajrny by Ewelina Btohska PERSONALITY IDIOMS ‘Do you have a short fuse? Are you a lone wolf, or maybe party animal? This time English Matters presents some colourful personality idioms which will enrich your English vocabulary and make you sound lke a native speaker, Let'ssan with some postveiioms to describe people you Jove spending time with Culture vate refers to someone who is fond of culture, ic ar theatre, literature, music et = Michael spends mas ofhis weekends cen at extib- tions and concerts Ohyes. He'sa real culture vue. Gond egg — good egg is a likeable person who wants to please everyone Can yu fetch me some coffe? —T've already brought it for you. ~Yourre a good egg! Apeople person ~an outgoing person wo gets along with people really well an is a good listener Joanna is enthusicstc and postive. like her so much ~ Definitely, she isa people person Party animal — someone who enjoys parties and goes to as many as possible. Are you going out again tonight? = Ofcourse! Pm such a party animal Go-gotior-isa person who isactive, energetic, and has the initiative to prstethe things they want. Go-geters are able to deal with new orchalleging situations easily. Thave never been a go-geter. ~ Come on, don’t beso humble. Youre so determined to be success On.the other hand, if we want to say something negative about someone who drives us nus, we may doit in a more subtle way by using the following idioms: Busybody an inquisitive person wh constantly wants to know about or interfere inthe detail of other peopl’ lives My motherinlaw is sucha busybody she's always csking nosy questions about my private ae Fudd ducdy~ an old fashioned person who bas not adopted catainmadem casos baie or behaviour atic nsteamid = My mother does have an e-mail addres. She's litle behind the times. = Thmow what youmean. My dada realfucdy-ducdy who doesn’t approve of tattos. ‘Wetblanket~a person who discourages fun orenjoyment Tor other people, especialy through thelr negative tides. = We should tn down the music ~ our neighbours are probably trying sleep. —Yearre always behaving like a wet blanket, Synonyms party pooperspilsporilljoy wallflower “Armchair critic~ someone who gives advice based on theory rather than practice Our country needs more problem solvers, not only crm= chai rts. Leouldn’t agree more, ‘Gheapskate ~a mean person who doesa't like spending money = My boss was always a cheapskate, even though he was ‘earning $200,000 a year. = What a scrooge! ‘Synonyms: scrooge (n, stingy (ad), tight-fisted (ad) Slave driver — someone who makes other people work extremely hard, -My former boss was such a slave driver. I had to work: three weekends n.a row. = It’s good you handed in your notice. tohavea short fuse | party animal | imprezovice to enrich sth | w2bogacé cos modtie kapanym cature vulture js vir! kotor vlfor | kuturomania exhibition ossbo Luystawa good egg | dobradusza Aeable'sxsb! | miysympatyceny to please sb | z2cawale hogs, sprawré koma tofetch sth | prynies os people person | towarzyskaosoba outgoing | tonarysk( otwarty zyemnost efntely | zéecydowanie gorgetter | osoba, kira uzyskujet,czego ce, osiaga sole topursuesth = posi: /parsi> simtan | dgeyédocaegot to deat with sth | rajnésieceyms humble! | shromny etermined | zdecydowany, determinos onthe other hand | z drug strony to dive sb nuts | coprowaczat kogos do szaensowa subtle [subtelny deskatny busybody | osoba wscbska Inquisitive 290 | doc tointerfere | wiracatsie mother-in-law | t2Scowe fuddy-duddy | pot s2tyuniak, nudaiare old-fashioned | staromadny stiekin-the-mud | tradygonalsta to approve af sth | pochualaé cos wet blanket | malkontent. maruda to discourage | zniechgca tu odberat (cs) attitude | nastanienie totun down sth | Scisae armchair et | krytykant advice | po/rada could agree mor. | Zzadzam siew stu procentach ny ty, clekausid = cheapstate | sir, skal se mean |thapy ee tocar 21 a stingy sos I skapy ey slave dvr | oscba zagnaiacinnch copay Rs Ld inarow 220 |podrzad tohand in one's notice | 2102yé po PYMOHOVZ | PINLAM BeuTra uo stat a puerstopun ,uprp nod weqy ‘ooups pro ayy way * am nos pres Aau > -sappeisqo mg, Hom aut oF ppe oF unqrou yaa. ae 004 "E ‘samisng, uso sat pat pays st | fe yons sy une AZ 2 yo aro ag 01 poat nos nno$ oy papury aq 0} sanmyoddo 40j yom snl ,ue9 Nog “T saanp aapps| Spoqsng u-aqy-tfans | s8n98-08 | on sreysue 0} paatt you op noX yeIp pom aU st rau woypyradoad ye sa>uaMtas tp 90409 +. 00 mats ezsatu | Sut ayppeus oy flysm [ yz ere. 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S amelair cites 4a sick in them umganey ores ay4 any sioqueyg Ap Sue paaU,LOpapy vad aun djay pue taxpitp poo8 P ag"e ‘aap aaen [eat 8s} ays S809 si Jo patty pue $18 WIZ ‘anuaa amy & uy -souaqqe8 ue pu suoqnqrys “s[eAnsay otsnut AO] -T tontos Bupoffo} ap Uy SyFerst a 1994309 * FT 2moyjoo — Axsod ap Jo nos pup aly — uodspods — sadood &1iod wsapout— pauonyso)-pro— Appp-ppn —saun ay punieg osiad aydoad » — ppunun And » — sasoyqon — y6n0j poob Dm Buys — papoay-Die— 2600.98 —parsy400 samo auo ppo a $5039 °F yan 72 02pre9 | RS 40 pUR}2q saapes -tuatp Burdolua ajdoad saypo ay U1 sa0p oy uostad v2 staxno moge Burp tana mouy or siue% oy uostad {sou e (P ja ats ‘amerany ‘aneayy “ee aunyno JOPUTTST oy auoatuos (0 ajqissod se Auew se 01 s908 pue sanied sofua oy auoatos (q -sinoraetaq 10 ‘sjaraq ‘sunoysn9 mapout ‘ujeuan paidope rou sey of wosiad pauorysey-pjo ue(e emu Aued-s anya ama “¢ éppnp-sPpny ‘2 oftto4 ssfueout aap ype sutorpr Supwoyoy ep MPL 301L0Wud | sworpy Ajeuosieg PYMOHOVZ | CINLAM BERT enon by Katarzyna Szpotakowska \ A English j Matters’ special correspondent, } Anna P., talks about ww her Korean adventure and the delights OF visiting SEOUL topaongto sth | naiezse do czogos — —the city she akg Fellin love with. whi love with b/sth | zakocaé sie el English Matters: What were your first impressions when you arrived in Seoul? ‘Anna P: The very moment I arived in Seoul, I was, above all, very tired because the trip lasted a total of 208 ‘witha tansferin Itanbul, Ontop ofthat tere was the time diference berween Poland and Korea, which is 7h Incheon airport was very moder and large. You get from there to Seoul either by metro or bus. tok the bus, ‘which was an hourlong journey. EM: What was the weather like? AP: At the end of Angust, the tem- peratures are over 30 degrees, it was sweltering and totaly different to Poland because of the high humid- ity. The temperature stayed around 25.30 degrees throughout the whole of September. The sun shines in Korea all year round, even in winer EME: What’ the frst thing you should go and see in Seoul? AAP: It depends on what you're into, I you ike history, yu should stat by vis- ‘ding theo parts of Seoul, ike Bukehon nok Village, bi you'ea food, go to Namdaemun Markes, where you can sitnexio the chef and watch him cook your food right in font of you. By accident, I started at the Gyeongbokgung Palace just as they ‘were changing the guard, a display that lasts 30 ines accompanied by drums Wstoaly unique EM: Whateke do yourecommend seeing? ‘AP: One of the ain tourist rtractions is Namsan Mountain with the N Seoul Tower, whichis right in the middle of the city and gives you stunning views of Seoul by day or night. You can see how the enie city is circled bby mountains. EM: What else is a must-see before leaving Seoul? ‘above all | pre tolast | rat ‘ontop ofthat | na dodatek ther... | lbo.albo. sweltering | upalnie uri I wlgotnose throughout sth | w cagu egos to depend an sth | zalza¢ od tobe into sth | nterescuat sig cays foodie | srakosz ret to sth | obok het | kucharz eet szysthin AP: Thenicest thing is you can just go ‘wherever you like without worrying about getting lost, because there are 0 many metto stations that you can always find one There are loads of places to see, but, depending onthe time of yea, is defi- nitely worth participating in the vari- ‘ous events organised in the city. Iwas able to watch the Seoul International Fireworks Festival on the Han River. Really impressive. EM: How do you rate the knowledge of English among the locals? byaccdent | preypadkovo to changethe guard | zmionat arte display | pokar drum | beben Inthe mide of sth |v stunning | 220 entire | ly cieced | otoczony must-see | co cokonecr obacrytponyejacbowiazkona ato get lost| 2/subié sig loads of sth | mnt czogos lacy riley AP: Most Koreans don't speak English, maybe a couple of words or phrases which they try to get by with. They try hard, but they don’t know enough words {knew that] wouldn't be able to com- ‘municate in the shops using English, so Tleamed the basic language of shop- ping, how to say good moming, thank ‘you, carrier bag or the numbers, It's better in the touristy parts of the city orn the bars and markets, where ‘you can often haveannice conversation in English. So, the average tourist who depending on sth |v zaleznoci co czeg08 efntely | 2a2cydo worth sth | warty c2egot toparticpatein sth | uczestnicayé wayms vaous | in toratesth | oc ato get by with sth | r2d2e czegps carer bag | torbapaperons lb plas average | przeietny pray pomocy 34 stayin those areas won't really notice thatthe level of knowledge of English in Korea is actually quite low. EM: What's it like getting around in the city? ‘AP: The transport system is excellent ‘and really easy to use. There are more ‘than 20 metro lines in Seoul, You can practically get around the whole city fon the metro, and even go to places ‘outside Seoul on it Teven managed to get tothe coast by ‘metro with afew changes. The journey took about 2h one way, 50 you can see just how wel developed the system i. Above ground there are [ots of buses which come about every three min: utes, there are electronic displays which show how long you have to wait for a specific bus. You get on by the driver and touch your card to the reader, Interestingly, there are no paper tickets on the buses in Seoul, only T-money cards or pay- ing in cash. EM: Tell us something about the cul- tural differences between Korea and European countries like Poland or Germany. AP: On the metro there are special places set aside for pregnant women and the elderly and even at rush hour, these places are empty. In Europe that doesn’t happen, people would more likely sitin them, ‘Age decides your place in the hierar- cchy in daily life. Often, you don’t use first names when speaking to others, br instead you use set terms depend- {nngon the relationship between those people in the hierarchy. An older sis- ter or older female friend is unni for woman, ot noona for a man, while an olderbrother, boyfriend orhusband Js oppa for a woman and a man will say hyung. Giving tipsis frowned upon, and when. giving orreceiving something i's done with both hands, and when you greet someone or say goodbye, you give a slight bow. ‘There is a blanket ban on smoking in public places in Korea, so you can often meet smokers in air-conditioned booths that look like glassy containers placed outside shopping malls. With alcohol, it's the complete reverse, and you can drink absolutely anywhere you like in public. The driver might not let you on the bus, though, if you have food or an ‘open drink, The Koreans typically take their dogs ‘out in litte prams, as if they were lite tle babies. EM: What's Korea like from the inside? ‘What can you tll us about the f ‘ture, mealtimes, culinary specialities? ‘AP: There's so much to say about food. Every meal comes with rice and Kimchi — fermented Peking cabbage ‘with hot chil. eu sto noice sth | zauwazl actually | w zeczyistosc naprawde toget around | podrdzowat ‘outside sth | pozacoyms tomanageto do sth | poral sobe ze zrobieniem czegos coast | ub afew | kika togeton| wsidat reader Femoney cad | karts, Kora sie

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