UNIVERSIDAD DE LA CUENCA DEL PLATA

FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA, EDUCACIÓN Y RELACIONES HUMANAS

Carrera: Licenciatura en Psicología – Inglés

Guía 6: Teorías del Desarrollo

Fecha: Miércoles 26/5

Propósito de Lectura:

 Leer una historia de caso, para relacionarla con teorías del desarrollo.
Al finalizar la Guía, Ud, habrá puesto en práctica los siguientes contenidos gramaticales:

 Tiempo pasado de los verbos

 Referencias textuales

1. Responda las siguientes preguntas:

• ¿Conoce las teorías de desarrollo de J. Piaget y G. Mead?
• Si las conoce, ¿cuáles son, en general, los postulados de cada una?

2. El texto de la página a continuación presenta la historia de Eric, un niño con problemas de conducta.
Léalo en forma global, para identificar los lugares donde se describe su comportamiento. Señale esas
partes con un color.

1 Case History of Eric B.

2 Eric is a 6-year old African-American male who was raised in an impoverished inner city
3 neighbourhood in Chicago. Drugs and violence surrounded his daily life. With a single-mother who
4 involved herself in a series of relationships with abusive boyfriends, Eric found himself beat with a
5 belt, and may have been sexually assaulted. His mother was not home that often, and he was forced
6 to sit outside on the stoop so that his grandmother, who also lived with them, could sell drugs. His
7 mother was uneducated and supported the family with her public assistance grant. He has never
8 met his father, and his uncles are in jail. His father was convicted of robbery and drug charges but
9 Eric was told that he was shot to death in an attempted robbery. He dreams of one day avenging his
1 father's death and acts it out when he plays alone.He has a history of terrorizing animals and killed
0 the family cat.He also did poorly in school, being diagnosed with attention deficit disorder. He is
1 constantly involved in fights and has no companions. When at home, he mostly involves himselfin
1 action movies and cartoons. Eric befriends a boy who lives next door to him. One day he stole the
1 boy's bicycle and when the family came to claim it, Eric threatened the boy by saying that he was
2 going to kill his baby brother. A few weeks later, Eric broke into the apartment and assaulted the
 UNIVERSIDAD DE LA CUENCA DEL PLATA
FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA, EDUCACIÓN Y RELACIONES HUMANAS
Carrera: Licenciatura en Psicología – Inglés

1 baby, beating him nearly to death. Eric is now in a facility for troubled children. Ifhe were to be
3 returned to the same environment that he was taken from, he would probably revert back after a
1 period of time. His surrounding is still responsible for much of his behaviour. If he was taken from
4 the facility and put into a good home, he would have a good chance ofbecoming a more social
1 person and have the possibility of leading a normal, healthy life.
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3. La siguiente tabla resume las etapas del desarrollo, según Piaget. Lea las partes del texto que señaló
en el ejercicio anterior en forma detallada, para determinar en qué etapa se encontraría Eric.

COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT STAGES

STAGE AGE DESCRIPTION

Sensorimotor D-2 Reflex base

Coordinate reflexes
Preoperational 2-6 or 7 Self-oriented
Egocentric
Concrete operational 6 or 7 – 11 or 12 More than one point of view
• No abstract problems
• Consider outcomes
Formal Operational 11 or 12 up Think abstractly
• Reason theoretically

4. Ahora, lea el siguiente pasaje, para corroborar su respuesta.

According to Jean Piaget, and his stages of cognitive development, kids construct their knowledge of the
world through reorganization and they move to higher levels of psychological functioning. Piaget looked
at how kids think of themselves and their environment, when moving through each stage. In these
 UNIVERSIDAD DE LA CUENCA DEL PLATA
FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA, EDUCACIÓN Y RELACIONES HUMANAS
Carrera: Licenciatura en Psicología – Inglés

stages, children select what they see and they interpret. In the preoperational stage, ranging from ages
2-7, children should have a mastery of language and use words to represent objects. In this stage,
children cannot use developmental capacities systematically. They are quite egocentric, having the
tendency to interpret the world through their own position. They attribute their own thoughts to
inanimate objects. For example, a child may say that the sky is sad because the sun is not shining. In the
story, Eric is in the preoperational stage of Piaget's cognitive development stages. Eric is probably not
moving to a higher level of psychological functioning. He seems to have trouble socializing. He has no
friends at school and is constantly getting into fights with his peers. He is unstable, both emotionally and
psychologically.

http://www.wowessays.com/dbase/ae5/csk88.shtml

ACTIVIDADES SOBRE ELEMENTOS DEL LENGUAJE

5. Observe los siguientes ejemplos prestando atención a las palabras resaltadas. Luego, responda las
preguntas en forma oral.

En estos ejemplos los elementos subrayados son acciones, ¿en qué tiempo verbal se encuentran?
¿Puede decir a qué se debe el cambio en los tiempos verbales usados?

Eric befriends a boy who lives next door to him. One day he stole the boy's bicycle and when the family
came to claim it, Eric threatened the boy by saying that he was going to kill his baby brother. A few weeks
later, Eric broke into the apartment and assaulted the baby, beating him nearly to death. Eric is now in a
facility for troubled children.

Eric befriendsa boy who livesnext door to him.

One day he stole the boy's bicycle and when the family came to claim it, Eric threatenedthe boy by saying
that he was going to kill his baby brother.

A few weeks later, Eric broke into the apartment and assaulted the baby, beating him nearly to death.

Eric isnow in a facility for troubled children.

6. Clasifique los verbos en pasado según sean regulares o irregulares. Provea el infinitivo de los
irregulares.

Verbos regulares Verbos irregulares

 UNIVERSIDAD DE LA CUENCA DEL PLATA
FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA, EDUCACIÓN Y RELACIONES HUMANAS
Carrera: Licenciatura en Psicología – Inglés

Infinitivo Pasado

threatened steal stole

assaulted come came
break broke into

7. Resalte en el texto otros ejemplos de verbos regulares y de verbos irregulares. Diferéncielos usando
distintos colores.
¿Cuál fue su criterio de selección?

8. Lea las siguientes oraciones. Luego, elija la opción correcta.

a) Drugs and violence surrounded his daily life.

"His" hace referencia a:
i. La madre de Eric
ii. Eric
iii. Los novios de la madre de Eric.
iv. El barrio en la ciudad de Chicago

b) He was forced to sit outside on the stoop so that his grandmother, who also
lived with them, could sell drugs. (r. 6-7)
"Them" hace referencia a:
i. La abuela de Eric
ii. Los novios de la madre de Eric
iii. El hogar
iv. Eric y su madre

c) When the family came to claim it, Eric threatened the boy saying he was going
to kill his baby brother. (16-17)

"lt" hacereferencia a:
i. La bicicleta
ii. El bebé
iii. La familia del amigo de Eric
iv. Eric
"His" hacereferenciaa:
i. Eric
ii. El amigo de Eric
 UNIVERSIDAD DE LA CUENCA DEL PLATA
FACULTAD DE PSICOLOGÍA, EDUCACIÓN Y RELACIONES HUMANAS
Carrera: Licenciatura en Psicología – Inglés

iii. El bebé
iv. La familia del amigo de Eric