Assignment 1

Notes:
Solve each question by hand (neat hand writing) and the answer sheet
must be submitted as hard copy in the class
1- A substation supplies power by four feeders to its consumers. Feeder no. 1 supplies
six consumers whose individual daily maximum demands are 70 kW, 90 kW, 20 kW,
50 kW, 10 kW and 20 kW while the maximum demand on the feeder is 200 kW.
Feeder no. 2 supplies four consumers whose daily maximum demands are 60 kW, 40
kW, 70 kW and 30 kW, while the maximum demand on the feeder is 160 kW. Feeder
nos. 3 and 4 have a daily maximum demand of 150 kW and 200 kW respectively
while the maximum demand on the station is 600 kW. Determine the diversity factors
for feeder no. 1. feeder no. 2 and for the four feeders. [15 points]

2- The yearly load duration curve of a certain power station can be approximated as a
straight line; the maximum and minimum loads being 80 MW and 40 MW
respectively. To meet this load, three turbine generator units, two rated at 20 MW
each and one at 10 MW are installed. Determine (i) installed capacity (ii) plant factor
(iii) kWh output per year (iv) load factor. [10 points]

3- A central station is supplying energy to a community through two substations. Each

substation feeds four feeders. The maximum daily recorded demands are:

Calculate the diversity factor between (i) substations (ii) feeders on substation A and
(iii) feeders on substation B. [15 points]

4- A 500 kVA distribution transformer costs Rs 50,000 and has a useful life of 20 years.
If the salvage value is Rs 5,000 and annual compound interest rate is 8%, determine
the value of the transformer at the end of 10 years using sinking fund method. [10
points]
5- In a particular area both steam and hydro stations are equally possible. It has been
estimated that capital costs and running costs of these two types will be as under:
If the expected average load factor is 40%, which is economical to operate, steam or
hydro ? [15 points]

6- The maximum demand of a consumer is 25A at 220 V and his total energy
consumption is 9750 kWh. If energy is charged at the rate of 20 paise per kWh for
500 hours use of maximum demand plus 5 paise per unit for all additional units,
estimate his annual bill and the equivalent flat rate. [10 points]

7- Compare the annual cost of power supply to a factory having a maximum demand of
500 kW and a load factor of 40% by having the supply from :
(i) the factory’s own diesel generating plant.
(ii) a public supply.
With regards to (i), the capital cost of factory’s own generating plant is Rs 8 lakhs,
cost of fuel oil is Rs 200 per ton, fuel consumption 0·65 lbs per kWh. Capital charges,
cost of repairs and maintenance, interest and depreciation 15% of the total capital
cost. Salaries and wages of the operating staff are Rs 15,000 per year. With regards to
(ii), the tariff is Rs 150 per kW per annum of maximum demand plus 2·5 paise per
kWh. Which of the two alternatives is favorable for the operation of the factory? [15
points]

8- An industrial consumer has a maximum demand of 120 kW and maintains a load

factor of 80%. The tariff in force is Rs. 60 per kVA of maximum demand plus 8 paise
per unit. If the average p.f. is 0·8 lagging, calculate the total energy consumed per
annum and the annual bill. [10 points]