History

Grade 8 June Examination

Marks: 85

Time: 1.5 hours

Instructions:

1. This paper consists of a 5 page question paper and 5 page source booklet
2. Read all the questions carefully before answering.
3. Answer all the questions on the answer paper provided.
4. Use your own knowledge to help you substantiate your answers.
5. Be sure to use the sources when asked.
6. Remember to always think about the context.
7. Write neatly and work in an orderly way so as to present your answers as neatly
as possible.

Page 1
©E-classroom www.e-classroom.co.za
 SECTION A
CURRENT ISSUE IN THE MEDIA

The following extract is from News24. It details the specifics regarding

the water crisis being experienced in Cape Town at the moment
In three weeks’ time experts will be able to say with some certainty whether
Cape Town is likely to get enough rain this year to avoid a Day Zero
scenario in 2019.

After three dry years and months of severe water restrictions, everyone in
the drought-stricken area wants to know whether we will get the above-
average rains we need to fill the dams sufficiently to break the drought and
see us through next summer.

After analysing rainfall figures from the Western Cape dam catchment areas
from 1930 to 2017, they found that if rainfall recorded by the end of April is
above normal, it is likely that we will have above normal rainfall for the rest
of the year.

"If the cumulative total is above normal by the end of April we can say there
is a 70% chance of it being wetter than normal by the end of the year,"
Johnston said.
Melanie Gosling, Correspondent 2018-04-09, New24

1.1 Why would everyone in the affected area want to know if they (1)
will be receiving above average rainfall?

1.2 Why will the scientists only be able to make decision in “three (1)
weeks time”?

1.3 Why is the water crisis both local AND international news? (2)

1.4 What could the potential result of this article be for South African (1)
society?

SECTION A TOTAL: 5 MARKS

Page 2
©E-classroom www.e-classroom.co.za
 SECTION B
QUESTION 1
Refer to Source A to answer the questions that follow.

Source A: A map showing the Triangle Trade that existed in the 18th centuries

1.1 Provide another name for the Triangle Trade. (1)

1.2 Briefly explain what the triangle trade was. (2)

Page 3
©E-classroom www.e-classroom.co.za
 1.3 Explain what happened at each numbered step during the Triangle (6)
Trade.

1.4 Define the term ‘Merchant’. (2)

1.5 Explain how a merchant would become wealthy through the Triangle (2)
Trade.

1.6 Define the following terms:

1.6.1 Slave (2)

1.6.2 Colony (2)

1.7 How did colonies increase British wealth and power during the 18th (2)
and 19th centuries?

[Subtotal: 19]
QUESTION 2
Refer to Source B and C to help answer the questions that follow.

Source B: An explanation of why people moved to the cities during the Industrial
Revolution.

“The farm enclosures resulted in hundreds of thousands of

people losing their land they needed to survive. They became
extremely poor. Many of these landless peasants drifted into the
cities to find work in the new factories.”

Page 4
©E-classroom www.e-classroom.co.za
 Source C: An image showing the industrialisation Of London

2.1 According to Source B, what was the main reason for people moving (2)
to the cities?

2.2 Which industry was the first to undergo a major change during the (1)
Industrial Revolution?

2.3 Briefly explain what happened in the industry in question 2.2. (2)

2.4 Who was James Watt? (1)

2.5 What process was made easier through James Watt’s invention? (2)

2.6 Name AND explain TWO of the features that existed in Britain that (4)
allowed it to be the first country in the world to industrialize.

Page 5
©E-classroom www.e-classroom.co.za
 2.7 Define the term ‘Entrepreneur’. (2)

[Subtotal: 14]

QUESTION 3
Refer to Source D and answer the following questions.

Source D: A cartoon representing child labour during the Industrial Revolution.

3.1 Briefly describe what life was like for a factory worker during the (4)
Industrial Revolution.

Page 6
©E-classroom www.e-classroom.co.za
 3.2 Define the following terms:
3.2.1 Child labour (2)

3.2.2 Exploit (2)

3.3 Who does the man in the carriage in Source D represent? (1)

3.4 Why were children used in the coal mines during the Industrial (2)
Revolution?

[Subtotal: 11]

SECTION B TOTAL: 44 MARKS

SECTION C
QUESTION 4
Refer to Source E and answer the following questions.

Source E: A picture showing the De Beers mining board, the men who controlled the
price of diamonds in South Africa during the 19th century.

Page 7
©E-classroom www.e-classroom.co.za
 4.1 Where were diamonds first discovered in South Africa? (1)

4.2 What are the FOUR identifying factors of a diamond? (4)

4.3 Who were the two most powerful men in the South African diamond (2)
market during the 1890’s?

4.4 Name the company that controlled the diamond sector within South (1)
Africa.

4.5 Explain why diamonds have such value in modern society. Give (3)
THREE points.

4.6 Explain the ‘claim’ system as it relates to the diamond mining sector. (4)

[Subtotal: 15]

QUESTION 5
Refer to Source F and answer the following questions.

Source F: A description of the compounds that existed during the heavy mining
phase of South Africa development.

“The compounds provided accommodation for black labourers who worked on the
gold mines but the intentions of the mine owners who provided these compounds
were questionable”

Page 8
©E-classroom www.e-classroom.co.za
 “From the mid-1880’s, black labourers were accommodated in closed compounds,
where limited contact with the outside world was a measure for preventing illegal
diamond trade as well as increasing company control over the workforce.
The compounds were intended to also provide labourers with food and
accommodation, and workers medical needs were additionally taken care of in
compound hospitals, in association with the Kimberly hospital although, in reality, the
compounds were overcrowded, the diet inadequate, and medical care deficient. In the
unfortunate event of death – in a contest of notoriously high mortality rates – the black
labourers were buried as paupers wrapped in blankets, often in unmarked grades
which could contain more than one individual, in specified parts of local cemeteries.”

AE Van Der Merwe, et al, “The origins of late eighteenth century migrant diamonds miners uncovered in a salvage
excavation in Kimberly” in the “South African Archaeological Bulletin”, May 2010

5.1 Define the term “closed compound”. Give two points in your answer (2)

5.2 According to Source F what was the purpose for building a closed (2)
compound?

5.3 To what extent were human rights violated in the compounds? Make (3)
use of the source in your answer.

5.4 How useful is this source to a learner studying this period? Give (3)
reasons for your answer.

[Subtotal: 10]

Page 9
©E-classroom www.e-classroom.co.za
 QUESTION 6
Refer to Source G and answer the questions that follow.

Source G: A photograph showing the living conditions of migrant labourers who

worked on South African mines.

6.1 Define the term ‘Migrant Labour’. (2)

6.2 What did the British implement to ensure that people were forced to (2)
become migrant labourers?

6.3 Discuss the effect that migrant labour had on family structures (3)
before, during and after the mineral revolution.

6.4 Explain briefly how the migrant labour system laid the foundation for (4)
discrimination in South Africa.

SECTION C TOTAL : 36 MARKS [Subtotal: 11]

EXAM TOTAL : 85 MARKS

Page 10
©E-classroom www.e-classroom.co.za