Bright Institute of Medical Sciences

Surgery Key Points

Surgery
1. 1st Investigation to be done in Biliary pathology – USG
2. IOC for acute cholecystitis (Gold Standard) – HIDA Scan
3. IOC for CBD Stone (Gold Standard)- ERCP
4. IOC to study the CBD pathology – MRCP
5. Charcot’s triad – Cholangitis (Pain + jaundice + Figors)
6. Hepatic venography showing Spider web appearance - Budd Chiari syndrome
7. Water Lilly appearance – Hydatid cyst
8. Most cause of Portal hypertension – Cirrhosis
9. Most common cause of pyogenic liver abscess in India – Klebsiella
10. Most common primary tumor in childhood – Hepatoblastoma
11. Most common benign tumor in young females on OCP – Hepatic adenoma
12. Gold standard for GERD – 24 hrs Ambulatory pH monitoring
13. Bird Beak/Pencil Tip/Abrupt cut off/Hurst Phenomenon on Barium Swallow – Achlasia
14. Rat tail/Irregular Narrowing with Proximal dilated esophagus – Cancer esophagus
15. Cork screw Esophagus – Diffuse Edophageal Spasm
16. Most common site of Varices in portal Hypertension – Lower Esophageal Varices > Gasgtric varices
17. Most common complication of GERD – Esophagitis
18. IOC to diagnose H. Pylori – ELISA
19. IOC to diagnose Meckel’s in Children Preoperatively – Tc 99m Pertechnate scan
20. Apple core appearance in barium Enema – Carcinoma Colon
21. Bird Beak sign in barium enema – Sigmoid Volvulus
22. Coffee bean sign (Bent Inner Tube) in X ray – Sigmoid Volvulus
23. Most common site of TB in intestine – Terminal Ileum and IC valve
24. Tb produces – Transverse Ulcer (Typhoid – Longitudinal Ulcer)
25. Most common cause of Small Intestine Obstruction in Children – intussusception
26. Most common site of carcinoidtumors – Bronchus > Ileum > Rectum
27. Most common site of colorectal cancers – rectum > Sigmoid Colon (Overall left colon cancers are common)
28. IOC for Fistula in Ano – MRI Fistulogram
29. Raspberry tumor – Umbilical adenoma (persistent distal Vitello intestinal Duct)
30. Most common of peritonitis in Children – Streptococci
31. Most commonly used blood test to diagnose Acute Pancreatitis – Serum Amylase
32. Most Sensitive – Serum Amylase
33. Most Specific – Serum Trypsinogen
34. Radiological Invesgitation of choice for Acute pancreatitis – CECT abdomen (Done > 72 hrs)
35. Radiological IOC for Chronic Pancreatitis CECT abdomen
36. Gold Standard to diagnose early Chronic pancreatitis – ERCP (Cambridge Criteria)
37. Chain of Lakes appearance – Chronic pancreatitis (in ERCP)

Contact: 9711994886, 8700054401, 9711994766

Visit us: www.bimsmedical.com
Mail us: bims.medical2019@gmail.com
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 Bright Institute of Medical Sciences
Surgery Key Points
38. Double Duct sign – Cancer pancreas shows separated ducts (pancreas and Bile duct) in ERCP
39. IOC fort Pancreatic cancer – CECT abdomen
40. IOC to diagnose Insulinoma – 72 hrs FBS and Insulin level
41. IOC to diagnose Gastrinoma – Serum Gastrin
42. Grey turner sign – Loin pigmentation in hemorrhagic pancreatitis
43. Cullen’s sign – Periumbilical pigmentation in hemorrhagic pancreatitis
44. Most common endocrine neoplasm in MEN – 1 Syndrome – Gastrinoma
45. Ranula – Extravasation cyst of submandibular gland
46. Ludwig’s angina – Rapidly progressive cellulitis of Submandibular space
47. Oral cancer common in India – Buccal mucosa cancer
48. Oral Cancer common in World – tongue Cancer
49. Most common site for squamous cell carcinoma salivary gland – submandibular gland
50. Triple screening – Clinical Examination + radiological Examination + Pathological Examination
51. IOC for Screening breast cancer in Old age – Mammography
52. IOC for screening high risk cases – MRI
53. IOC for implant breast screening – MRI
54. Nipple blood discharge – Cancer is mc cause in Old age (Young age – Duct Papilloma)
55. Most common site of cancer breast – Upper outer quadrant
56. SERM- Selective estrogen recpetor modulators – Ralosifene, idoxifene, Toremifine

Contact: 9711994886, 8700054401, 9711994766

Visit us: www.bimsmedical.com
Mail us: bims.medical2019@gmail.com
Page | 2