Before going over this module, the learner must answer the PRE-TEST in order for the

teacher to assess Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL) and pin point specific topics that need
emphasis during the discussion.

PRE TEST

DIRECTION: Discuss the following concept through an essay.

1. God alone is the creator

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2. God is unique and one

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3. God is first and last

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Course Code & Description: Prepared by:

Common Subject: INTRODUCTION TO WORLD RELIGION MA. CRISTINA P. PARAGAS, LPT Page 1 of 6
AND BELIEF SYSTEM Teacher
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MODULE #4: Judaism

Learning Outcomes:

At the end of the lesson, the student should be able to:

 Recite the Ten Commandments as stated in the Old Testament (Exodus 20)
 Identify a Jewish custom or tradition
 Justify the core teaching of Judaism about the covenant of one God with a chosen people
vs. other people with many gods
 Identify a story from the Old Testament that demonstrates the Jewish belief in one God

LEARNING CONCEPT

I. Judaism at a Glance

 The oldest among the Abrahamic religions is Judaism, the religion of the Jews.
 It traces its origin with the Hebrew people in the Middle East way back 2,000 years ago.
 Abraham, a Hebrew man, is considered the father of Jewish faith because he promoted the
central idea of the Jewish faith- that there is only one God.

II. Beginnings

 The tradition of Judaism arouse around 2000 B.C.E, but it was not until 1 C.E that the
rabbinic religion was established.
 The faith was historically centered in Canaan (modern day Israel and Palestine)
 According to the Jewish tradition, whose history is told in the Old Testament of the
 Bible, Rabbinic Judaism began with Moses and his receipt of God’s Ten Commandments.
 Judaism was centered in King Solomon’s Temple and more specifically, the Ark of the
Covenant, that it housed.

III. Core Beliefs of Judaism

 The belief in God as the one and only God.

 Torah is the most important Jewish text.
 Judaism believes that God gave the Torah and the oral Torah to Moses and that his promise
must be true.

IV. Basic Teachings of Judaism

 Three main principles of faith in Judaism:

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Common Subject: INTRODUCTION TO WORLD RELIGION MA. CRISTINA P. PARAGAS, LPT Page 2 of 6
AND BELIEF SYSTEM Teacher
 o Belief in a single and eternal God who created the entire universe
o A set of moral principles that require people to treat one another with dignity and
love
o Worship of a single God in prayer, study and adherence to the commandments set
out in the Torah

V. The Thirteen Principles of Jewish Faith (Sheloshah- Asar Ikkarim)

1. God alone is the creator

2. God is unique and one
3. God is incorporeal
4. God is first and last
5. We are to pray to God alone
6. The words of the (Hebrew) Prophets are true
7. Moses is the Chief Prophet
8. The Torah has been dively preserved
9. Torah cannot be changed
10. God rewards the righteous
11. The Messiah will come
12. God knows the deeds and thoughts of man
13. The belief in the resurrection of the dead

VI. Sacred Writings

 The sacred writings of Judaism are found in the Torah, the first five books of the Hebrew
Bible (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy).
 The Jews believe the writings were first given to Moses by God roughly 3000 years ago and
commonly refer to them as the Five Books of Moses.
 The Torah lists 613 laws about how to worship God and lead a moral life.
 Followers are encouraged to pass on this Jewish tradition to their families.

VII. Jewish Tradition: Sabbath, Festivals and Holy Day

 The Sabbath
o It is a weekly day devoted to God through religious activities and it is considered to
be the most important of all Jewish holidays.
o A special prayer must be recited over the candle lightning by somebody who is
properly Jewish.

 Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur

o The two-day Jewish New Year is a period of self-examination and resolution.
o A ram’s horn is blown as a call to look into one’s soul and improve one’s ways.
o It is a customary at the meal on the eve of Rosh Hashanah to eat apple dipped in
honey and to wish others a good and sweet year.
o The ten days beginning with Rosh Hashanah are considered to be the Days of Awe
and repentance, culminating with the Day of Atonement (Yom Kippur), which
is considered to be the most solemn day.
o It is a day spent praying and fasting during which garments are worn.

 Succoth

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Common Subject: INTRODUCTION TO WORLD RELIGION MA. CRISTINA P. PARAGAS, LPT Page 3 of 6
AND BELIEF SYSTEM Teacher
 o It is an eight day period of rejoicing on which temporary booths covered with
branches are built on porches, terraces, or roofs of yards.
o Succoth commemorates the years that the Jews spent in the desert on their way to
the Promised Land.
o It also celebrates the way in which God protected them under difficult desert
conditions.
o It is also known as Feast of Tabernacle or the feast of booths

 Shemini Atzaret/Simchat Torah

o It corresponds to the final day of Succoth, but is a separate and complete holiday in
itself that is usually marked by a festival meal.
o Simchat Torah, the annual reading of the entire Pentateuch and initiation of the next
year’s reading is joyfully conducted.
o It is also characterized by dancing with Torah Scrolls in the synagogue

 Purim
o This commemorates the saving from the massacre of the Jewish community under
o Persian rule in 450 B.C.E, as recalled in the Book of Esther that is publicly read on
this day with much flourish.
o A festival meal is required and it is traditional to east pastries shaped in the triangular
form of the hat of the villain in the Persian Story.

 Pesach (Passover)
o It recalls the deliverance of the Jews from slavery in Egypt during Biblical times.
o No products containing any leavening can be consumed during this period.

 Shavuot
o The two-day festival commemorates God’s gift of Torah to the Jews at Mount Sinai,
at which time they formally became a nation.
o It is customary for adult males (those over 13 of age) to stay up all night and study
the Torah.
o Consuming a dairy product is also traditional during this festival

 Tisha B’Av
o The ninth day of the month of Av is the final day of the three weeks of mourning the
destruction of the Holy Temple.
o Work is discouraged during 25-hour fast day.

VIII. The Oneness of the True God

“Lord, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, let it be known today that you are God in Israel and
that I am your servant and have done all these things at your command. Answer me, Lord, answer
me, so these people may know that you, Lord are God, and that you are turning their hearts back
again.”

– I Kings 18:36-37

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Common Subject: INTRODUCTION TO WORLD RELIGION MA. CRISTINA P. PARAGAS, LPT Page 4 of 6
AND BELIEF SYSTEM Teacher
 ACTIVITY

I. Answer the following question precisely in three sentences.

1. Which of the following beliefs of Judaism that greatly influence the world? Justify your answer.
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2. How does Judaism view God? Explain your answer.

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Course Code & Description: Prepared by:

Common Subject: INTRODUCTION TO WORLD RELIGION MA. CRISTINA P. PARAGAS, LPT Page 5 of 6
AND BELIEF SYSTEM Teacher
 POST TEST

ENUMERATION:

I. Enumerate Ten Commandments as stated in the Old Testament (Exodus 20)

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II. Enumerate the Thirteen Principles of Jewish Faith (Sheloshah- Asar Ikkarim).

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Course Code & Description: Prepared by:

Common Subject: INTRODUCTION TO WORLD RELIGION MA. CRISTINA P. PARAGAS, LPT Page 6 of 6
AND BELIEF SYSTEM Teacher