632dea5fbb6c8 Sample Question Booklet NEO 2022

THE ECONOMICS SOCIETY
SHRI RAM COLLEGE OF COMMERCE
DISCOVER THE ECONOMIST IN YOU!
2022
SAMPLE QUESTION BOOKLET
www.ecosocsrcc.com neo.srcc@gmail.com +91-62893-69919

CONTENTS
Pages
01 Structure of Olympiad 1
02 Section 1: Economic Concepts 2-17
03 Section 2: Logical Reasoning 18-29
04 Section 3: Data Interpretation 30-41
05 Section 4: Case Studies 42-56
06 Previous years' Question Papers 57

a. NEO 2020: Prelims Class XI
b. NEO 2020: Prelims Class XII
c. NEO 2021: Prelims Class XI
d. NEO 2021: Prelims Class XII
www.ecosocsrcc.com neo.srcc@gmail.com +91-62893-69919

STRUCTURE OF THE OLYMPIAD
1. The Olympiad will be conducted in two separate rounds: the first one
being the Preliminary Round and the second one being the Final Round.
Please note that both the rounds will be conducted online and the
specific details in this regard will be shared a few days before the
Olympiad.
2. The main objective of conducting the Olympiad is to provide the

participants a holistic learning experience. Going beyond the rote learning
process, assessment will be based on application type questions an
practical scenarios. Thus, there is no fixed syllabus.
3. The Preliminary Round will be conducted in Multiple Choice Questions

format. The general structure of the Preliminary Round will be as follows:
The paper will be divided into four sections, namely Economic
Concepts, Logical Reasoning, Case Studies and Data Interpretation.
There will be 40 questions in total with each section having 10
questions.
Participants will be provided with the maximum time of 60 minutes to
complete the Olympiad.
A selected set of top performers in the Preliminary Round will move on to

the Final Round.
4. The structure of the finals will attempt to identify those participants

which truly have the requisite skill and ability to use economics concepts
for
solving problems of different types. It’ll be a challenge, more than an
examination. As such, the format of the Finals is specially curated and
remains unknown to any participant, before they actually come face to
face with it.
1
SECTION 1: ECONOMIC CONCEPTS
Solved Questions
Question 1
The uranium market in a fictional economy is defined by the following short-run demand and
supply functions:-
Qd = 400 - 7P
Qs = 260
Now, there is a 3.5% increase in the price of uranium and a tax of 8% is imposed on the purchase
of uranium. Additionally, 70 units of uranium get destroyed in a nuclear accident. What will be
the change in equilibrium quantity of uranium?
1. 50
2. 70
3. 90
4. 110
Answer : 2
Explanation:
Since the supply curve of uranium is vertical in the short-run, the equilibrium quantity will
only be changed due to changes in supply. In the question, the supply is getting reduced by 70
due to a nuclear accident. Thus, equilibrium quantity will fall by 70 units.
Question 2
The marginal utility curve for an individual is given by the following schedule:
Units of the commodity consumed Marginal Utility derived
1 9
2 5
3 2
4 0
5 -2
Let us say that the price of the commodity is 2 rupees/unit and the individual consumes 4 units in
total.
Is the consumer in equilibrium? What is the maximum total utility that the consumer can gain?
1.Yes, 14
2. Yes, 16
3. No, 14
4. No, 16
2
National Economics Olympiad Economic Applications
SECTION 1: ECONOMIC CONCEPTS
Answer : 4
Explanation:
A consumer is in equilibrium when the marginal utility they derive from the consumption of
an additional unit of the commodity is equal to the price of the commodity. Thus, the
consumer will be in equilibrium when they consume 3 units, not for. Thus, in the condition
given in the question, the consumer is not in equilibrium.
The maximum total utility = 9 + 5 + 2 = 16
Question 3
Which of the following equations can correspond to a linear demand curve for a giffen good?
1. P = 50-9Q
2. P = 2Q - 10 + 5P
3. P = -8Q-23+2P
4. P = 24 - 14Q
Answer : 3
Explanation:
Giffen goods have positive sloping demand curves. Upon rearranging the equation P = -8Q-
23+2P, we get P = 23 + 8Q. Now, the equation is of the form y = mx + c. Thus, slope (m) = 8.
Which is positive. Thus, P = -8Q-23+2P can correspond to a linear demand curve for a giffen
good.
Question 4
If the price of pasta increases and a consumer buys more pasta, we can infer that
1.pasta is a normal good, and the income effect is greater than the substitution effect
2. pasta is a normal good, and the substitution effect is greater than the income effect
3. pasta is an inferior good, and the income effect is greater than the substitution effect
4. pasta is an inferior good, and the substitution effect is greater than the income effect
Answer : 3
Explanation: With the price rising for a good (and the amount bought increasing), we have a
Giffen good. The good of Giffen is an inferior good.
As a result of the income effect, our purchasing power has reduced. Under the substitution
rule, we 're having less bits of pasta for any other good we 're giving up.
3
National Economics Olympiad Economic Concepts
Question 5
Matthew and Susan are both optimizing consumers in the markets for shirts and hats, where they
pay $100 for a shirt and $50 for hat. Matthew buys 4 shirts and 16 hats, while Susan buys 6 shirts
and 12 hats. From this information, we can infer that Matthew’s marginal rate of substitution is
_____ hats per shirt, while Susan’s is _____.
1. 2,1
2. 2,2
3. 4,1
4. 4,2
Answer : 2
Explanation:
A shirt is twice as expensive as a hat, therefore all people have a marginal rate of 2 hats per
shirt.
Question 6
Which of the following might lead to an increase in the equilibrium price of jelly and a decrease in
the equilibrium quantity of jelly sold?
1. an increase in the price of peanut butter, a complement to jelly

2. an increase in the price of Marshmallow Fluff, a substitute for jelly
3. an increase in the price of grapes, an input into jelly
4. an increase in consumers’ incomes, as long as jelly is a normal good
Answer : 3
Explanation:
The other three choices are examples of changes that will shift the demand curve for jelly. A
change in demand moves equilibrium quantity and price of a good in the same direction. For
example, an increase in consumer income would shift the demand curve to the right and
increase both the equilibrium quantity and price of jelly. On the other hand, the increase in
the price of an input will decrease the supply of jelly, which will shift the supply curve to the
left. In this case, the new equilibrium quantity for jelly will decrease and the equilibrium price
will increase.
Question 7
Three managers of Biscuit Pvt Ltd are discussing a possible increase in production. Each suggests a
way to analyze the decision
Jack: We should examine the rise and falls of Biscuit Pvt Ltd’s productivity in terms of biscuits
produced per worker — whether they would rise or fall.
4
2. Jill: We should examine average cost — cost per worker — whether they would rise or fall.
3. Jerry: We should examine the marginal cost — whether the additional cost from selling the
additional biscuit would be greater or smaller than the extra costs.
Answer : 3
Explanation:
Jack suggests looking at whether productivity would rise or fall. Productivity is certainly
important, since the more productive workers are, the lower the cost per gallon of potion. Jill
wants to look at the average cost. But both Jack and Jill are missing the other side of the
equation⎯revenue. A firm wants to maximise its profits, so it needs to examine both costs and
revenues. Thus, Jerry is right⎯it is best to examine whether the extra revenue would
exceed the extra costs.
Question 8
Consider the following table and select the correct option.
Quantity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Firm A 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
Firm B 11 24 39 56 75 96 119
Firm C 21 34 49 66 85 106 129
1. Firm A has economies of scale throughout, Firm B has diseconomies of scale throughout
2. Firm A has economies of scale only from 1 to 5, Firm C has economies of scale from output
level 4 and beyond.
3. Firm B has diseconomies of scale from output levels 1 to 4 and economies of scale beyond
output level 4, Firm C has economies of scale throughout.
4. Firm A has diseconomies of scale beyond output levels 5, and Firm C has diseconomies of scale
throughout.
Answer : 1
Explanation:
Firm A Firm B Firm C
Quantity TC ATC TC ATC TC ATC
1 60 60 11 11 21 21
2 70 35 24 12 34 17
3 80 26.7 39 13 49 16.3
4 90 22.5 56 14 66 16.5
5 100 20 75 15 85 17
6 110 18.3 96 16 106 17.7
7 120 17.1 119 17 129 18.4
5
Firm A has economies of scale because average total cost declines as output increases. Firm B
has diseconomies of scale because average total cost rises as output rises. Firm C has
economies of scale for output from one to three and diseconomies of scale for levels of output
beyond three units.
Question 9
The supply and demand functions for toffees are described by the following equations:
QS= 450+17p
QD= 690-43p
To aid the distressed toffee producers, the government imposes a price floor, fixing the price of
toffees at ₹6 per toffee. The excess supply will be purchased by the government. The expenditure
by the government on procuring cotton is -
1. 542
2. 680
3. 700
4. None of the Above
Answer : 4
Explanation:
At price(p) = 6, fixed by the government
The quantity supplied(QS) = 450+17*6=552
The quantity demanded(QD)= 690-43*6=432
Excess supply=120 units
Expenditure by Government= 120*6=720
Question 10
Given an inverse demand function, P= 360-12Q. What will be the maximum Total Revenue earned
in such an economy?
1. 2700
2. 1200
3. 3000
4. Data Insufficient
Answer : 1
Explanation:
P = Average Revenue = 360-12Q
TR= PQ = 360*Q-12Q2
MR (obtained by differentiating above equation)=360-24Q
Now at maximum Total Revenue, Marginal Revenue= 0
Therefore, 360-24Q=0
Q=15
Hence, TR= 360*15-12*15*15= 2700
6
Question 11
Assume that the consumer’s income and the number of sellers in the market for good X both fall.
Based on this information, assuming X is a giffen good, we can conclude with certainty that the
equilibrium:
1. Price will decrease

2. Price will increase
3. Quantity will increase
4. Quantity will decrease
Answer : 2
Explanation:
When the consumer’s income falls, demand for a giffen good increases. Similarly, when the
number of sellers falls, supply for the goods decreases. Since the demand increases and supply
decreases, it will cause a rise in the price of the good.
Question 12
Some details about Company Y’s performance in the year 2019-2020 are given below:
I) Raw Materials Purchased - Rs. 15,00,000
II) Opening Stock of Raw Materials - Rs. 1,00,000
III) Closing Stock of Raw Materials - Rs. 80,000
IV) Total Revenue - 35,00,000
V) Opening Stock of Finished Goods (at market price) - 1,80,000
VI) Closing Stock of Finished Goods (at market price) - 2,50,000
VII) Opening Balance of Investments in Stocks - Rs. 10,00,000
VIII) Closing Balance of Investments in Stocks - Rs. 13,00,000
What is the contribution to GDP by Company Y?

1. Rs. 23,50,000
2. Rs. 20,50,000
3. Rs. 22,80,000
4. Rs. 19,10,000
Answer : 2
Explanation:
Intermediate Consumption = Opening Stock + Purchases - Closing Stock
= 1,00,000+15,00,000-80,000 = 15,20,000
Contribution to GDP through Sales = 35,00,000-1,80,000 = 33,20,000
Contribution to GDP through Inventory = 2,50,000
Increase in investment value is not a part of GDP as it does not lead to production of any good
or service.
Contribution to GDP = 33,20,000+2,50,000-15,20,000 = 20,50,000
7
Question 13
Given the marginal cost function curve faced by an individual producer in an economy is given by
MC(q)=2Q. If total fixed cost is 100, the total cost incurred by a producer when operating at
minimum average cost is-
1. 150
2. 230
3. 200
Answer : 3
Explanation:
MC= 2Q, TFC= 100
By integrating MC, we get TC= Q2+C
Since TFC=100, we get , TC= Q2+ 10
Average Cost = Q+100/Q
At minimum of average cost, AC = MC
Q+100/Q=2Q
Solving this, we get Q =10
put Q= 10 in equation for TC we get TC = 200
Question 14
The total profit of a firm equals $400. If its average revenue is $10 for 100 units of output and if the
Average Fixed Cost (AFC) is $1 for 300 units of output, what is the Average Variable Cost for 50
units of output?
1. 10
2. 0
3. 20
4. 5
Answer : 2
Explanation:
Average Revenue = Total Revenue/ Quantity, therefore total revenue for 100 units of output
equals $(10*100) = $1000.
If at 100 units of output total profit = $400, total cost = $(1000 - 400) = $600.
Now, at 300 units of output, Total Fixed Cost = $(1*300)= $300. Total fixed cost is constant at
levels of output, hence the total fixed cost for 50 units of output is also $300.
Average fixed cost for 50 units of output = $(300/50) = $6.
If total cost for 100 units of output = $600
total cost for 50 units of output = $((600*50)/100) = $300
Average cost for 50 units of output = $(300/50) = $6
Thus, average variable cost for 50 units of output = Average Cost - Average fixed Cost = $6- $6 =
$0
8
Question 15
Which of the following can be true for TVC?

I) TVC1 = 10, TVC3 = 29, TVC5 = 45, TVC7 = 49
II) TVC1 = 10, TVC3 = 25, TVC5 = 56, TVC7 = 108
III) TVC1 = 10, TVC3 = 35, TVC5 = 77, TVC7 = 156
IV) TVC1 = 10, TVC3 = 45, TVC5 = 85, TVC7 = 180
Only II
Both II and III
I, II and III
All four
Answer : 2
Explanation:
TVC initially increases at a decreasing rate then increases at an increasing rate.
Case I- MC for 2nd unit has to be <10. Therefore MC for 3rd unit has to be > 10. showing an
increasing trend post 3 units.
Therefore TVC5 cannot be equal to 45.
Case II- Possible to display a decreasing trend at 2 units, post which an increasing trend can be
adopted.
Case III- MC for 2nd unit <10. MC for 3rd unit > 16. Post this an increasing trend can be
adopted.
Case IV- MC for 2nd unit <10. MC for 3rd unit > 26. In an increasing trend TVC5 cannot be 85.
Question 16
What is the law of substitution, which is based on opportunity cost of goods thereof concerned,
also known as?
1. Law of diminishing utility
2. Law of marginal utility
3. Law of Equi-Marginal Utility
4. Law of Opportunity Cost
Answer : 3
Explanation:
Equi-marginal utility refers to a concept which relies to the concept of "Law of Equi-Marginal
Utility" explains the relation between the consumption of two or more products and what
combination of consumption these products will give optimum satisfaction. Law of
substitution, also deftly addresses this.
Question 17
What can be done triars in a market which is monopolistic?

1. It shows its huge influence in commerce & industry
2. Supply chain robustness
3. Nature of market
4. None of the above
9
Answer : 3
Explanation:
The nature of any economic market shows an important indicator: monopolistic.
Question 18
Nishant, Tavleen and Manas are confused with the formula for deriving TC:
a) Nishant says: TC = TVC + TFC
b) Tavleen Says: TC = AC × Output
c) Manas Says: TC = ∑MC + TFC
Identify who amongst them is correct.

1. Nishant
2. Manas
3. Tavleen
4. All of them
Answer : 4
Explanation:
Total Cost refers to the sum total of all the fixed and variable costs. However, it can also be said
that the average cost (which comes from both fixed and variable cost) once multiplied with
output gives total cost. Moreover, the sum of marginal cost is a close proxy of total variable
cost.
Question 19
The quantity demanded of a commodity at a price of ₹10 per unit is 40 units. Its price elasticity of
demand is -2. The price falls by ₹2 per unit. Calculate the quantity demanded at the new price.
1. 56
2. 24
3. 16
4. 50
Answer : 1
Explanation:
P1 = ₹ 10; Q1 = 40; Change in P = -2; Change in Q = x; Ed = -2
-2 = (-){x/-2}*{10/40}
=> x = 2 * 2 * 40/10 = 16
Thus, Q2 = x + Q1 = 16 + 40 = 56
Question 20
Spike is a premium shoe-manufacturing brand. All its products are highly-priced, in spite of this it
records high sales each year. This clearly disregards the law of demand. Out of the following
exceptions to the law of demand, which one fails to explain this.
10
1. Bandwagon Effect
2. Veblen Effect
3. Giffen Effect
4. Snob Appeal
Answer : 3
Explanation:
The given effect does not apply in this case as the given product is clearly a premium segment
product. Other than that all the other effects are well applicable in this case. A person may
purchase shoes of this brand to show that he belongs to a particular class (Bandwagon effect)
or to show that he doesn’t belong to an inferior class (Snob effect). The high price could also be
an indicator of superior quality hence even the Veblen effect holds true.
11
ECONOMIC APPLICATIONS
Unsolved Questions
Question 1
Farmer suicides in the country are on the rise and a major reason for that is the financial
impoverishment faced by the farmers. To tackle this, what kind of policy can the government adopt with
respect to the agricultural sector.
1. Price Floor
2. Ceiling Price
3. Taxes on Agricultural Inputs
4. Both A and B
Answer : 2
Question 2
The price of commodity X (y-axis) is two times the price of commodity Y (x-axis) and the budget of
the consumer is 400. Given that the slope of the budget line is -y/(2-x), what is the price of commodity
Y?
1. 100
2. 133.33
3. 200
4. 400
Answer : 3
Question 3
If an economy is facing the problem of lack of aggregate demand, what are some monetary measures
its Central Bank can resort to?
(i) Reducing the Cash Reserve Ratio

(ii) Increasing Margin Requirements
(iii) Decreasing Margin Requirements
(iv) Purchase of Government Securities in the Open Market
1. Only (iii)
2. (i) and (ii)
3. (i), (iii) and (iv)
Answer : 3
Question 4
Read the following statements and choose the correct alternative.

Statement 1 - When the decrease in demand is less than the increase in supply, then a leftward shift in
the demand curve is less than a rightward shift in the supply curve.
12
Statement 2 - When the increase in demand is more than the decrease in supply, then a rightward shift in
the demand curve is more than a leftward shift in the supply curve.
1. Both are correct
2. Both are incorrect
3. Statement 1 is correct and Statement 2 is incorrect
4. Statement 1 is incorrect and Statement 2 is correct
Answer : 1
Question 5
An increase in the supply of a good will decrease the total revenue producers receive if
1. the demand curve is inelastic
2. the demand curve is elastic
3. the supply curve is inelastic
4. the supply curve is elastic
Answer : 1
Question 6
If total utility of a commodity is 5 and marginal utility is 1, a person consumes 3 units. What is the
consumer surplus?
1. 4
2. 3
3. 6
4. 2
Answer : 1
Question 7
Which of the following is/are correct:
When there is no change in demand and supply falls, price rises and quantity falls
When there is no change in demand and supply increases, change in price is ambiguous and quantity
increases.
When there is an increase in demand and a decrease in supply, price rises and change in quantity is
ambiguous.
When there is a decrease in demand and an increase in supply, prices and quantity both fall.
1. Only 1
2. Both 1 and 4
3. Only 2
4. Both 1 and 3
Answer : 4
13
Question 8
When AR passes through some point between minimum AVC and AC, it is called-
1. Supernormal profit
2. Loss
3. Break Even point
4. Minimising losses
Answer : 4
Question 9
Given the marginal cost function curve faced by an individual producer in an economy is given by
MC(q)=2Q. If total fixed cost is 100, the total cost incurred by a producer when operating at
minimum average cost is-
1. 150
2. 230
3. 200
Answer : 3
Question 10
According to Law of equi-marginal utility, the condition of consumer's equilibrium is:

1. MU of A /TU of A
2. MU of B/ Satisfaction of B
3. MU of A/Efficiency of A
4. None of these
Answer : 1
Question 11
Mr Mahesh, wants to enter an industry, but he feels perplexed about the competition. He thinks
there's an unfair ground, and some firms always have a head start. You are a consultant and have to
suggest a sector which offsets indirect competition
1. Banking
2. Manufacturing
3. Agriculture
4. Services
Answer : 3
Question 12
Mr. Raju Rastogi wants to buy a new house. Aravali valleys offers it for 1 crore, whereas Civil Lines
Estates offers it for about 1.5 crores, for similar indentical features. Here we have price
discrimination. Where does this phenomenon occur?
14
1. Monopoly
2. Perfect competition
3. Imperfect competiton
4. Oligopoly
Answer : 1
Question 13
Suppose the total population of a country is 200 million. The labour force is 100 million. If 10 million
people are discouraged workers that means those workers who are not currently looking for work,
but if given would take up the job. Out of the labour force, 80 million are employed full time and 10
million are employed part time. What is the current unemployment rate?
1. 10%
2. 50%
3. 90%
4. 80%
Answer : 1
Question 14
If the demand for a commodity is perfectly elastic and the cost of producing the commodity falls, what
will happen to the equilibrium price and quantity of the commodity?
1. Equilibrium price increases and quantity remains unchanged
2. Equilibrium price decreases and quantity increases
3. Equilibrium price increases and quantity decreases
4. Equilibrium price remains unchanged and quantity increases
Answer : 4
Question 15
If a perfectly competitive firm is operating where the price is greater than Average Variable Cost but
less than Average Costs, what should the firm do?
1. Immediately shut down
2. Continue operations in the short run even though there’s an economic loss
3. Continue operations only in the short run and shut down in the long run
4. Equilibrium price increases and quantity remains unchanged
Answer : 2
Question 16
Calculate Compensation of Employees -

Salary and Wages to workers - 1,00,000
Employers Contribution to Social Security Scheme - 4000
Expenditure on Employee Uniforms - 1500
Expenditure on Employee training - 50,000
15
1. 1,55,500
2. 1,04,000
3. 1,50,000
4. 1,54,000
Answer : 2
Question 17
In the case of India, we have unemployment in rural as well as urban areas. Consider the following
statements in this regard.
1. Sometimes, people will remain unemployed even during the peak of farming season and this is
called seasonal unemployment.
2. In case of disguised unemployment, people appear to be unemployed and is a form of pseudo
unemployment.
3. Educated unemployment is a common phenomenon in urban areas owing to the high levels of
education.
Select the incorrect option -
1. Only 3
2. 1 and 2
3. Only 1
4. 2 and 3
Answer : 2
Question 18
Consider the market for coffee in Calicut, where there are over a thousand stores that sell coffee at
any given moment. Suppose the Surgeon General issues a public statement saying that consuming
coffee is bad for your health. Holding all else constant, this will lead to a:
1. Change in Demand
2. Change in Supply
3. Change in Demand and Change in Supply
4. No change in Demand and Supply
Answer : 1
Question 19
Which of the following statements is incorrect?

1. On a linear demand curve, all the five forms of elasticity can be depicted.
2. If two demand curves are linear and intersect each other, then the coefficient of elasticity would
be the same on different demand curves at the point of intersection.
3. If two demand curves are linear and parallel to each other then at a particular price the
coefficient of elasticity would be different on different demand curves.
4. The price elasticity of demand is expressed in terms of relative not absolute changes in price and
quantity demanded.
Answer : 3
16
Question 20
Why might a movie theatre charge a lower admission price for the first show on weekday
afternoons than they do for a weeknight or weekend show?
1. The supply of seats in the theatre is greater on a weekday afternoon and the demand to see the
movie is lower for the weekday afternoon showing.
2. Theatres like to show with the lower prices that they want every income group to attend their
movies.
3. Demand is lower for the weekday afternoon showing of the movie than for the weeknight or
weekend showing.
4. The supply of seats in the theatre is greater on a weekday afternoon.
Answer : 3
17
SECTION 2: LOGICAL REASONING
Solved Questions
Question 1
There are three venture capital firms that are each capable of valuing a business with an error of 2
crore above or below the actual value of the business. The following are the valuations proposed by
the three venture capital firms for a business, Yuvraj Ltd. :-
Venture Capital Firm 1: 7 crore

What is the minimum range in which the actual valuation of Yuvraj Ltd. lies?
1. 5-12 crore
2. 8-10 crore
3. 8-9 crore
Answer : 3
Explanation : Since we are finding the minimum range, we have to consider the opposite
possible extremes of the error in our current range.
Real Valuations
= 5-9 crore according to Firm 1
Therefore, minimum range = 8-9 crore
Question 2
In the following figure, what does the region marked A indicate? (Read the options carefully)
1. Honest and hardworking policemen

2. Honest and hardworking police officers
3. Lazy but honest police officers
18
National Economics Olympiad Logical Reasoning
Answer : 4
Explanation : Region A lies in the intersection of “Police” and “Males”. It is outside both
“Hardworking” and “Honest”.
Therefore the region indicates Male Police officers who are neither Hard Working nor Honest, i.e.
Lazy and Dishonest Policemen. Hence, the answer is “None of the Above”.
Question 3
Observe the given figure and choose the right option.
Answer : C
Explanation : The innermost figure in cell 1 gets retained in cell C.
Question 4
B is the brother of D, who is the only daughter of F. M’s son S, is B’s own brother and R is M’s only
brother. G’s daughter T is R’s sister. How is T related to F?
1. Sister-in-law
2. Wife
3. Sister
4. Aunt
19
Answer : 1
Explanation : In the above family tree it is established that F & M are a couple and R, M & T are
siblings. Thus, T is F’s sister-in-law.
Question 5
Using the above family tree, determine how G is related to D?
1. Granddaughter
2. Daughter
3. Cannot be determined
Answer : 1
Explanation : As R, M & T are siblings G is their father/mother. D, B & S are M’s children. Thus, M’s
daughter D would be G’s granddaughter.
Question 6
Read the given statements carefully and the conclusions that follow to answer the question.
Some men are in the police force.

Some policemen are lazy.
Some people who are honest are in the police force.
Conclusions:
1. Only men are honest.
2. All women are lazy.
1. Only 1 follows
2. Only 2 follows
3. Both 1 & 2 follow
Answer : 4
Explanation : None of the conclusions follow as there is insufficient statement about women being
lazy and dishonest.
Question
Question 6
7
In a certain code, 253 means ‘books are old’, 546 means ‘man is old’, 378 means ‘buy good books’.
What does ‘are’ mean in that code?

1. 2
2. 5
3. 4
4. 6
Answer : 1
Explanation : old - 5 (from the first and second statement); books - 3 (from the first and third
statement); are - 2 (from the first and above statements)
20
Answer : 3
Explanation : According to the statement, the structure was initially "brilliant." Therefore, as stated in
1., there is no requirement for a new architectural design. Furthermore, it is accepted that the
structure's deteriorated state is due to a lack of funding. As a result, only 3 follows and 2 does not.
Question 11
In a coding system, the first 4 alphabets are used in uppercase, the next 4 in lowercase, again the next
4 in uppercase, and so on.

Following the same, how will you code the earth’s highest mountain above sea level?
A. moUnT eVerEST
B. mOunt eveREsT
C. mounT eveReST
D. moUnT eveResT
Answer : 3
Explanation : The coding-series will be: A,B,C,D,e,f,g,h,I,J,K,L,m,n,o,p,Q,R,S,T,u,v,w,x,Y,Z

The earth’s highest mountain above sea level is “Mount Everest”
So, the code will be mounT eveReST
Question 12
In each of the following question, two statements numbered I and II are given. There may be cause
and effect relationship between the two statements. These two statements may be the effect of the
same cause or independent causes. These statements may be independent causes without having any
relationship. Choose the correct option.

1. The local cooperative society has made the decision to immediately discontinue lending to
farmers.
2. A significant portion of the deposits made by many society members have been withdrawn.
(A) Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect;
(B) Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect;
(C) Both the statements I and II are independent causes;
(D) Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes;
(E) Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
Answer : 2
Explanation : Simply, withdrawals made by society members will inevitably limit the society's ability
to make loans.
Question 13
Starting from the same point, Parth and Himanshu are walking in opposite directions. Parth covers 7
km and Himanshu covers 5 km. Then, Parth turns to his right and walks 4 km. Himanshu turns to his
right and walks 5 km. What is the distance between them now? (Hint: Use techniques of Coordinate
geometry)
1. 15 km
2. 12 km
3. √145 km
4. 12 km
21
Answer : 1
Explanation : Their route can be sketched as follows:
Now, the distance between the points (7,-4) and (-5,5) is:
Question 14
In the following series, one term is wrong, i.e. it doesn’t follow the general rule followed in the series.
Identify.
AZ25, DW19, GT10, JQ7
1. AZ25
2. DW19
3. GT10
4. JQ7
Answer : 3
Explanation :
Question 15
Determine whether integer p is a prime number or not.

Given, p= 10! + k, where 1 < k < 8.
1. Not possible to calculate

2. Not a prime number
3. Not sufficient data
4. It is a prime number
22
Answer : 2
Explanation : k = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Hence if k is added to p, it becomes a factor of that number and thus, p

is not a prime number.
Question 16
A, B and C are three friends standing in a line of 41 students. A is 15th from the front, B is 23rd from
the back and C is standing in the middle of the row. C moves 6 places towards the front. B then moves
4 places to the front. What place is A standing in?
1. 15th from the front

2. 26th from the back
3. 25th from the back
4. 14th from the front
Answer : 3
Explanation :
A - 15th
B - 19th
C - 21st
C moved 6 places ahead-
C - 15th
A - 16th
B - 20th
B moved 4 places ahead-
C - 15th
B - 16th
A - 17th
Question 17
Using the PEMDAS rule, simplify the given expression:
[33 + {(16/8)3}]/[{(4)2} + {(5)^1}]
1. 3
2. 4
3. 6
4. 8
Answer : 1
Explanation : PEMDAS is a standard rule for arithmetic operation that stands for Parentheses,
Exponents, Multiplication & Division, Addition, Subtraction.
Question 18
Suppose a train ‘G’ leaves Mumbai at 4-00 AM and reaches Surat at 8-00 AM. Another train ‘H’ leaves
Surat at 6-00 AM and reaches Mumbai at 10-30 AM. At what time do the two trains travel in order to
cross each other?

1. 7-04 AM
2. 6-56 AM
3. 8-10 AM
4. 7-30 AM
23
Answer : 1
Explanation : The time (t) is calculated only after 6-00 AM, since between 4-00 AM to 6-00 AM only
train G is travelling. Speed of G = d/4, speed of H= d/4.5 and the distance covered by both the trains
after G has reached half of the distance at 6-00 AM and when H is about to start is d/2.
The equation formed is -
d/2 = (d/4*t)+(d/4.5*t), solving the equation t comes to 18/17 hours which is equal to 64 mins (approx).
Thus, the time at which the two trains travel in order to cross each other is 7-04 AM.
Question 19
Analyse the statements and select the appropriate option.
Yuvraj is older than Satakshi.

Afrah is older than Yuvraj.
Satakshi is older than Afrah.
If the first two statements are true, then the third statement is:
1. True
2. False
3. Uncertain
Answer : 2
Explanation : As the first two statements are true then Satakshi is the youngest.
Question 20
B2CD, ______, BCD4, B5CD, BC6D
1. BC4D
2. B2C2D5
3. BC3D
4. B8C7D3
Answer : 3
Explanation : Because the letters are the same, we need to concentrate on the number series, which is
a simple 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 series, and follows each letter in order.
Unsolved Questions
Solve Questions 1 to 3 using the following data
A,B,C,D,E,F,G and H are 8 students in a class. In a test, the following statements hold true
I) A scored higher than B.

II) B scored higher or equal to D.
III) D scored less than C.
IV) H scored higher than A but lower than C.
V) E scored higher than or equal to D but lower than C.
VI) F and G scored the same marks but less than A.
24
Question 1
Who scored the highest?

1. A
2. C
3. E
Answer : 2
Question 2
Which of the following statements can never be true?

1. D scored the same as G
2. E scored the same as A
3. E,B and D scored the same marks
4. A scored less than D
Answer : 4
Question 3
Which of the following statements can hold true?

1. F scored the lowest
2. A scored the same as D
3. E scores the lowest or the highest
4. B scores the third highest marks
Answer : 1
Question 4
U32, V29, ___, X23, Y20,....
1. X25
2. W26
3. W28
4. Z26
Question 5
Suresh’s sister, X is the wife of Ram. Ram is Rani’s brother. Ram’s father is Madhur. Sheetal is Ram’s
grandmother. Reema is Sheetal’s daughter-in-law. Rohit is Rani’s brother’s son. Who is Rohit to
Suresh?
Question 6
1. Brother-in-law
2. Son
3. Brother
4. Nephew
Answer : 4
25
Question 6
A is the brother of B and C is the father of A. D is the brother of E and E is the daughter of B. Who is
the uncle of D?
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. E
Answer : 3
Question 7
In a square-shaped hotel, there are 8 rooms on each side in every floor. Room 101 is the first room,
facing North in the first floor. The room numbers are continued clockwise. Which direction does
Room 125 face?

1. North
2. West
3. East
4. South
Answer : 2
Question 8
Find the odd one out:-
1. Better Call Saul

2. Stranger Things
3. Squid Game
4. Game of thrones
Answer : 3
Question 9
Abhishek went 90 m in the west to look for his father, then he turned left and went 20 m. After this he
turned left and after going 100 m he reached to his aunt’s house. His father was not there. He took a
left and moved 20 more meters and met his father. How far did he meet his father from the starting
point?
1. 5
2. 10
3. 15
4. 20
Answer : 2
Question 10
In the following question, two statements numbered I and II are given. There may be cause and effect
relationship between the two statements. These two statements may be the effect of the same cause or
independent causes. These statements may be independent causes without having any relationship. Choose
the correct option.

Question 6 to use tear bombs to disperse the illegal gathering of large number of people.
1. Police had
2. The citizens' association declared a general strike in protest against the police atrocities increasing day
by day.
(A) Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect;
(B) Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect;
(C) Both the statements I and II are independent causes;
(D) Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes; and
(E) Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.
26
Answer : 2
Question 11
The cost of producing radios in Country Q is ten percent less than the cost of producing radios in
Country Y. even after transportation fees and tariff charges are added, it is still cheaper for a company
to import radios from Country Q to Country Y than to produce radios in Country Y. The statements
above, if true, best support which of the following assertions?
1. Labour costs in Country Q are ten percent below those in Country Y.

2. Importing radios from Country Q to Country Y will eliminate ten percent of the manufacturing
jobs in Country Y.
3. The tariff on a radio imported from Country Q to Country Y is less than ten percent of the cost of
manufacturing the radio in Country Y.

4. The fee for transporting a radio from Country Q to Country Y is more than ten percent of the cost
of manufacturing the radio in Country Q. E. it takes ten percent less time to manufacture radios in
Country Q than it does in Country Y.

Answer : 3
Question 12
In a chess tournament each of six players will play every other player exactly once. How many
matches will be played during the tournament?
1. 12
2. 15
3. 30
4. 36
Answer : 2
Question 13
A, B, C and D play a game of cards. A says to B, “If I give you 8 cards, you will have as many as C has
and I shall have 3 less than what C has. Also, if I take 6 cards from C, I shall have twice as many as D
has." If B and D together have 50 cards, how many cards has A got?
1. 40
2. 37
3. 27
4. 23
Answer : 1
Question 14
Mahendra owns two businesses, X and Y. He provides Rs. 15,000 as monthly salary per employee in
business X, and Rs. 10,000 as monthly salary per employee in business Y. There are 27 employees in
business X and 48 employees in business Y. Now, Mahendra wants to employ an additional 25
employees, distributed between both the businesses in such a way that the average salary turns out to
be Rs. 12,250. How should he distribute his additional employees?

Question 6
1. 9 in X and 16 in Y
Answer : 3
27
Question 15
There are two people, Mahir and Krishiv. Mahir was only interested in the oaring of a rowboat, as he
was known for his expertise in the seas, and is infamously called “Captain Jack Sparrow”. Krishiv, also
on a similar line, is known for having stamina, can relate which activity to foot?
1. Jumping
2. Skateboarding
3. Sneaking
4. Running
Answer : 2
Question 16
Which one of the following is the odd one out?

1. Fast Life Street
2. New York Interstate
3. Delhi Expressway
4. Michigan Freeway
Answer : 1
Question 17
JAK, KBL, LCM, MDN, _____
A. OEP
B. NEO
C. NEM
D. PQF
Answer : 2
Question 18
Keshav runs faster than Vansh and Priyanshu
Yuvraj runs faster than Pratul, who is faster than Vansh
Pratul is not the slowest
If first two statements are true, the third statement is

A. Correct
B. Incorrect
C. Correct, if Keshav is not the slowest
D. Enough information is not given
Answer : D
Question 19
The members of a dedicated group, “The Dream Team” are social stars. All social workers, however,
can be considered as stars.
Conclusion:
I.Some dedicated members are social workers
2. Some social workers are angels
1. Statement 1 and Statement 2 are both illogical

2. Statement 1 is logical, Statement 2 is not
3. Statement 2 is logical, Statement 1 is not
4. Both statement 1 and statement 2 together make the sentence logical
28
Answer : 1
Question 20
Mr BT Singh is a pure vegetarian and tells in his gated society about the role of vegetarian food being
better than traditional food. According to him, his previous research in the Economics Society showed
him that vegetarians are in an absolute remote chance of succumbing to cardiovascular or kidney
related problems than related to meat eaters. His wife however, complains that his husband does not
have enough sources of vitamins and proteins in his diet. In reply however, Mr BT Singh believes that
with a selective diet, this problem can be mitigated.
What can be deductively concluded?
1. Vegetarians are very less likely to succumb from cardiovascular diseases

2. A traditional diet has adequate proteins and supplements against a vegetarian diet
3. A vegetarian diet can be better for health than a traditional diet
4. A well-measured, and adequately balanced diet is more reliable to foster health than any other
food
Answer : 3
29
SECTION 3: ECONOMIC APPLICATIONS
Solved Questions
Solve questions 1 to 3 using the following Case Study
In Moscow, there exists a restaurant chain, ABC, that uses the following pricing mechanism.
A consumer must pay some entrance fee, after that they can order whatever they want for the price
that is equal to the cost of ingredients. The price of an entry ticket depends on the time of the day
(being higher in the evening than in the morning), but prices of menu items remain the same and are
very
For instance, a portion of pasta costs only about $2–2.5, the price of a steak is about $4, a burger with
grilled prawns can be purchased for merely $3. For only $3–4 a customer can drink a glass of decent
wine. These prices at ABC are very low as compared to other restaurants in the city. Customers must
eat and drink inside; if they want to take something away, the price doubles.
Based on this information, answer the questions given below:
Question 1
What economic concept is under play here?

1. Product Differentiation
2. Choice Architecture
3. Price Discrimination
4. Dual Pricing
Answer : 3
Explanation : A two-part tariff (TPT) is a form of price discrimination wherein the price of a product
or service is composed of two parts - a lump-sum fee as well as a per-unit charge. In general, such a
pricing technique only occurs in partially or fully monopolistic markets, but can also exist in
competitive markets.
Question 2
What happens if other restaurants in the area also adopt a similar strategy?
1. Increases the competition among the producers and reduces the profits of the ABC restaurant
chain.
2. Some consumers shift to the other restaurants that offer lower prices.
3. The entry fees at ABC restaurant chain falls, establishing and reinforcing competition.
4. All of the above
Answer : 3
Explanation : If other restaurants also adopt a similar strategy of two-part tariff, this will reinforce
the competition between all producers in that area and as a result reduce the profits of ABC chain of
restaurants since some consumers will move to new restaurants offering lower prices.
30
Question 3
How do producers attempt to maximize their profits in such a framework?

1. By charging the consumers different prices according to their willingness to pay.
2. By fully capturing the consumer surplus that may be available.
3. By pricing certain commodities higher than others.
4. Producers do not maximize their profits.
Answer : 3
Explanation : The concept of price dicrimination is designed to enable the firm to capture more
consumer surplus than it otherwise would in a non-discriminating pricing environment. The
consumer surplus is captured totally from the entrance fees and hence keeping the per unit price low
attracts the consumers.
A condition where a person is deprived of minimum standard of living and challenges human dignity
and world peace is defined as “Poverty”. But with economic development comes economic prosperity
and thus, for the first time in the history of mankind, most people who live in this World are no longer
poor.
According to the Brookings Institute and World Data Lab’s estimates (2018), 50% of the world’s
population belong to the middle class or wealthy accommodations. As per 12th President of the World
Bank, Jim Yong Kim - “Over the last 25 years, more than a billion people have lifted themselves out of
extreme poverty, and the global poverty rate is now lower than it has ever been in recorded history.
This is one of the greatest human achievements of our time”.
The highly developed and developing economies of the world are even showing a positive correlation
between economic growth and environmental awareness. As per Steven Pinker - “Again and again,
environmental improvements once deemed impossible have taken place.
Since 1970, when the Environmental Protection Agency was established, the United States has slashed
its emissions of five air pollutants by almost two-thirds. Over the same period, the population grew by
more than 40%, and those people drove twice as many miles and became two and a half times richer”.
European Union reduced its CO2 emissions by 54% between 1991 and 2014. Over the past 4 decades
even China (one of the worst exploitant of coal) has reduced CO2 emissions by 75%.
Efficient allocation of resources and technological development has driven more environmental
awareness and protection. Today more than 15% of the surface of the planet is protected.
Based on the above case study, answer the questions given below-
Question 4
In Japan, due to declining world poverty rates and a broadening economy, new competitors are
entering the market of a monopolistic competitive firm. What two changes are likely to happen to the
individual demand curve of that monopolistic competitive firm?
1. Shift right and become more elastic
2. Shift left and become more elastic
3. Shift right and become less elastic
4. Shift left and become less elastic
31
Answer : 2
Explanation : When new competitors are entering the market of a monopolistic competitive firm, the
downward sloping demand curve of a monopolistic competitive firm becomes more elastic because of
an increase in the supply of differentiated products and hence the demand curve shifts to left,
decreasing the price.
Question 5
Suppose “economic growth” and “poverty” are two goods. The above case study by the World Bank
Report depicts a negative cross price elasticity of demand between economic growth and poverty,
then it can be inferred that-
1. Both economic growth and poverty are purchased together
2. Both economic growth and poverty are not purchased at all.
3. Both economic growth and poverty are not purchased together
4. More information required
Answer : 1
Explanation : A negative cross price elasticity of demand indicates that two goods are complementary
which means that an increase in the price of one good decreases the demand for the other. Hence,
“Economic growth” and “poverty” are complementary goods according to the question and thus, have
a negative cross price elasticity of demand.
Question 6
According to Robert Shiller, what was one of the causes behind U.S. Poverty?
1. Ecological Fallacy
2. Mass Incarceration
3. Flawed Character
4. All of the above
Answer : 3
Explanation : According to Robert J. Shiller, Big Brother Theory, Flawed Character and Restricted
Opportunity are the three main causes of poverty in the United States. Flawed Character refers to
people’s or particularly employers’ perception about a community or class. For example - they may
believe that children belonging from black families never complete their homework. This
assumption of behaviour results in increased unemployment and hence, poverty.
China, the country described by the World Bank as “the fastest sustained expansion by a major
economy in history” has raised millions of its citizens out of poverty and is one of the World’s largest
economy on purchasing power parity basis and also the largest holder of foreign exchange reserves.
But the manufacturing superpower has faced slower economic growth over the past years and
economists fear that this diminishing rate might engulf China in the middle-income trap. This has
made it even more important for China to acknowledge their reliance on exports and fixed
32
investment and the need to shift attention towards innovation, private consumption and services.
Sustainable economic growth in the long run will require consumer spending to increase. As per the
National Economic Accounting, Chinese household consumption is relatively low.
Based on the basis this information, answer the questions given below:
Question 7
The Chinese Government launched the “Make in China” initiative in 2015 to foster innovation in 10
key sectors. If we suppose that technological advancement has increased productivity over the past
5 years, than there has been a change in the price of the products. Now, this change in price will
make consumers react in a manner that Marginal Utility will-
1. Increase
2. Decrease
3. No change
Answer : 2
Explanation : Technological advancement increases consumer surplus. This increase in consumer

surplus is because of the decrease in price resulting from an increased supply of products at any
given price level. Additional purchase of product due to increased supply will be of decreasing
utility or benefit to the consumers (Marginal Utility of a consumer decreases as he/she purchases
more and more quantity of a product, until a satisfaction level is reached at which MU = 0).
Question 8
If due to government efforts, there is an initial change in total spending in the chinese economy, then
it will have the smallest overall short run effect on total expenditure if -
1. Imports are large, Savings are high and Government expenditure is also high.
2. Imports are small, Savings are high and Government expenditure is low.
3. Imports are small, Savings are low and Government expenditure is also low.
4. Imports are large, Savings are low and Government expenditure is high
Answer : 1
Explanation : Due to government efforts an initial increase in total spending will have the smallest
overall short run effect on total expenditure if -
1. Savings exceed consumption
2. Imports are large in comparison to exports so that domestic spending on goods is low.
3. Government expenditure forms a higher proportion of total spending.
Question 9
Suppose due to technological advancement, employers in China reduce their number of existing
employees so that they can hire newly skilled workers. What do you think- are the fired employees
unemployed and if yes, then what type of Unemployment?
1. Yes, Structural Unemployment
2. No, they are not unemployed
3. Yes, frictional unemployment
4. More information required
33
Answer : 3
Explanation : Frictional unemployment refers to the unemployment time period where workers are
searching for a job or are in the process of transition from one job to another. Hence, frictional
unemployment can be experienced even in a growing economy. Thus, the fired employees are
unemployed but for a time period until which they are able to find new work.
Solve Questions 10 to 12 based on the following case study
In the 1970s, members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) decided to raise
the world price of oil to increase their incomes. These countries accomplished this goal by jointly
reducing the amount of oil they supplied. From 1973 to 1974, the price of oil rose more than 50
percent. Then a few years later, OPEC did the same thing again. From 1979 to 1081, the price of oil
approximately doubled. Measured in 2004 dollars, the price of crude oil reached $91 per barrel, and
the price of gasoline was $3 per gallon.
Yet OPEC found it difficult to maintain a high price. From 1982 to 1985, the price of oil steadily
declined about 10% per year. Dissatisfaction and disarray prevailed among the OPEC countries and in
1986, the cooperation among OPEC members completely broke down and the price of oil plunged 45%.
In 1990, the price of oil was back to where it began and throughout the 90s and early 20s, the price of
oil stayed low.
Based on the above information, solve the following questions.
Question 10
According to you, OPEC is an example of

1. Monopoly
2. Cartel
3. Dominant firm
4. Public goods firm
Answer : 3
Explanation : A dominant firm is one which accounts for a significant share of a given market and
has a significantly larger market share than its next largest rival. Dominant firms are typically
considered to have a market share of 40 percent or more. OPEC member countries produce anything
between 40 to 80 percent of the world's crude oil. OPEC's oil exports represent about 60 percent of the
total petroleum traded internationally.
Question 11
After raising the prices again from 1979 to 1981, the demand for oil did not fall even though the
prices increased sharply thus benefiting OPEC. According to you, what could be the possible reason?
1. Oil is a necessity commodity
2. Oil fueled the industrial revolution and economic progress in several countries, thus raising the
overall income of the people, henceforth their capacity to purchase oil at even higher prices.
3. Supply of oil is highly elastic in the short run.
4. Both supply and demand of oil is inelastic in the short run.
34
Answer : 4
Explanation : Supply and demand for oil are both extremely inelastic in the short run. Supply is
inelastic because the quantity of known oil reserves and the capacity of oil extraction cannot be
changed quickly. Demand is inelastic because buying habits do not respond immediately to changes in
price. Since both supply and demand curves are steep, when the supply curve shifts even slightly (as
the OPEC reduced the amount of oil supplied) to the left, the price rises very sharply.
Question 12
Suppose that the price of gasoline is $0.2 in the short run and $0.7 in the long run. If the price of
gasoline falls from $1.00 to $2.20, what happens to the quantity of gasoline demanded in the short
run ? In the long run?
1. Quantity demanded falls by 4% in the short run and by 14% in the long run
2. Quantity demanded rises by 14% in the short run and by 4% in the long run
3. Quantity demanded falls by 4% in the short run and rises by 14% in the long run
4. Quantity demanded rises by 4% in the short run and falls by 14% in the long run
Answer : 1
Explanation : By the midpoint formula to calculate price elasticity of demand, we have the
percentage change in price is equal to (2.20 – 1.00)/2.00 = 0.2 = 20%. If the price
elasticity of demand is $0.2, quantity demanded will fall by 4% in the short run [0.20 ×
0.20]. If the price elasticity of demand is $0.7, quantity demanded will fall by 14% in the
long run [0.7 × 0.2].
Solve Questions 13 to 15 based on the following case study
The proposed Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is gigantic in size and scope. It aims
to create a free trade zone of 10 ASEAN nations and Australia, China, India, Japan, South Korea and New
Zealand. This means a zero-customs duty zone in geography that contributes 34% of global gross domestic
product (GDP) and 40% of world trade. The region is also home to almost half of the world’s population.
Currently, many pharmaceutical companies have to obtain elaborate licences to export their goods to
China.
The government hopes to change this. However, many analysts believe that there would be little for India
to gain from this agreement. Many industries like steel are also worried that cheap imports from China
would harm their business, as the cost of producing steel in India is higher than that in China.
Question 13
What would happen if the Government of India creates a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) for steel
manufacturers in Manesar? (Where SEZ is a designated area in which the business laws are more
relaxed to encourage trade and manufacturing activities.)
1. Maruti Suzuki's manufacturing plant will increase its import of steel
2. Maruti Suzuki's manufacturing plant will decrease its import of steel
3. Cannot say
Answer : 3
35
Explanation : The import requirement of the company would be contingent on the liberalness of the
incentives in the Special Economic Zones.
Question 14
What would happen if INR becomes weaker/depreciates with respect to Yuan? (Depreciation implies a
fall in the value of Indian Rupee in comparison with Yuan. For example, when earlier 10 rupees made a
yuan, after depreciation, we need 15 rupees to make a yuan)
1. Exports of steel to China would increase
2. Exports of steel to China would decrease
3. Imports of steel from China would decrease
4. Both 1 & 3
Answer : 4
Explanation : Depreciation in INR would reduce its purchasing power in foreign countries, but at the
same time it will make the domestically produced goods cheaper for foreign countries in their currency.
Question 15
An Intellectual Property case has been put forth by Japan in order to protect its pharmaceutical industry,
which of the following is likely to happen after the RCEP Agreement is struck:
1. India’s export of medicines will rise
2. India’s export of medicines will fall
3. India's export of medicines may or may not change
Answer : 3
Explanation : Since RCEP would contain a large number of countries, the intellectual property case may
pan out in a varied manner across each one of them, leaving India's export to be contingent on the
business environment in other countries.
Unsolved Questions
Solve question 1 to 3 using the following case study
In a distant country called Naviaxainia, there are only four firms, namely Accor ltd., Beat ltd.,
Crobeau ltd. and Drenio ltd., which dominate the market for mobile phones.
All these companies have strongly maintained their position so as to not allow any other player
onto the market. Moreover, the market share of each of them is almost similar, with Accor at 27%,
Beat at 23%, Crobeau at 24% and Drenio at 26%. There exist serious impediments to entry for new
firms, hence the mobile phones market works entirely under the aegis of these 4 firms only.
Based on the above information, solve the following questions.
Question 1
Which three of the following characteristics apply to the type of market that is indicated above?
I. A few large firms account for a high percentage of industry output
II. Many small firms account for a high percentage of industry output
III. Each firm faces a horizontal demand curve
IV. Each firm faces a downward sloping demand curve
V. The industry is often characterised by extensive non-price competition
36
Options:
1. I, III, V
2. II, III, IV
3. I, IV, V
4. I, II, III
Answer : 3
Question 2
Which two of the following assumptions are essential parts of the 'kinked demand' curve analysis of
the above market?
I. Rivals raise prices in response to any price increase
II. Rivals reduce prices in response to any price decrease
III. Rivals reduce prices in response to any price increase
IV. Rivals do not react to any price increase
V. Rivals do not react to any price decrease
Options:
1. I, III
2. II, III
3. II, IV
4. III, V
Answer : 3
Question 3
Which of the following sentences is false-

1. Each of the above-mentioned firms can earn greater profits if they collude, rather than engaging
in a price competition
2. Product differentiation and advertising can be good strategies
3. Accor can reduce its prices drastically in order to enhance the demand for its mobile phones
4. All are correct
Answer : 3
Solve questions 4 to 6 using the following case study
A country has a current account deficit and the balance of payments balances. The country is faced
with heavy floods and has witnessed a huge multitude of deaths, outrages of the public and fluke by
the opposition parties. The country receives donations from multiple nations and organisations to
emerge out of the problem.
Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
Question 4
In which account will this addition in capital be recorded?

1. Capital Account
2. Current Account
37
3. This will not be recorded in any account since no service has been provided in exchange for these
donations.
Answer : 2
Question 5
A current account deficit barely means that, as a country they are _____ more than they _______.
1. Producing; Consume
2. Importing; Exporting
3. Exporting; Importing
4. Contracting; Expanding
Answer : 2
Question 6
A current account deficit and a balanced balance of payment account entails the following:
1. There is a surplus in the Capital Account.
2. The Current Account deficit is financed by the government.
3. The country holds less assets as compared to their liabilities.
Answer : 1
According to the World Tourism Organisation, tourism refers to travelling to and staying in places
outside the usual environment for not more than one consecutive year. With increased mobility
among nations as well as within nations, the tourism industry has been booming with 1.36 billion
international arrivals in 2017. Globally, travel and tourism directly contributed approximately $2.9
trillion to GDP in 2019. The following map shows tourism arrivals across select nations in 2018.
Question 7
As shown in the map, European countries have typically seen higher tourists. In this regard, what do
you think holds true for European countries as compared to other countries?
1. Demand for foreign currency is higher
2. Supply of foreign currency is higher
3. Supply of domestic currency is higher
4. Both A and C
38
Answer : 2
Question 8
Tourism income forms a part of which of the following?

1. Factor Income from Abroad
2. Factor Income to Abroad
3. Domestic Income
4. International Income
Answer : 3
Question 9
Which of the following advantages of tourism directly contributes to economic well being of the host
nation?
1. Livelihood for people
2. Cultural and Ethnic Collaborations
3. Knowledge Expansion
4. Improves Country’s reputation
Answer : 1
Tobacco and Cigarettes are considered socially harmful goods. The government and other institutions
attempt to reduce the consumption of tobacco and cigarettes by a number of ways. This can be done
by reducing the demand for and/or reducing the supply of these commodities.
For most cases there is an inverse relationship between price and demand, however, some goods
command less price elasticity. Controlling the demand for these commodities by price changes
becomes difficult.
Question 10
What impact will health advisories and targeted advertisements against usage of these products have
on the consumption of tobacco?
1. This will lead to a leftward shift in the demand curve.
2. This will lead to a downward movement along the supply curve.
3. This will lead to a downward movement in the demand curve.
4. Both a) and b).
Answer : 4
Question 11
A sin tax is levied by the government on these goods What effect does this tax have on the
consumption of cigarettes.
39
1. This results in a reduction in the quantity supplied due to higher cost of production.
2. This will cause an increase in the price of the commodity and hence the consumers demand less
quantity.
3. There will be an upward movement along the demand curve after imposition of the tax.
4. All of the above.
Answer : 4
Question 12
It was noted that there was only a marginal shift in the consumption patterns of consumers post
introduction of the sin tax. While the law of demand holds, why do you think this was the case?
1. People’s tastes and preferences (habits) do not change easily given a small price change.
2. There are no substitutes of cigarettes and tobacco, making their demand highly inelastic.
3. Because cigarettes are an inferior good.
4. The targeted consumer base has an income high enough to make them not shift away from their
preferences.
Answer : 1
Question 13
What impact does an increase in the price of alcohol have on cigarette consumption?
1. The two goods are not related hence, there will be no change.
2. The two goods are not related hence, there will not be a significant change in quantity demanded.
3. The two goods are substitutes hence, the quantity demanded of cigarettes will decrease.
4. The two goods are substitutes hence, the quantity demanded of cigarettes will increase.
Answer : 4
Food prices often rise or fall with good or bad harvests or because of a change in demand. A recent
example is the price of brazil nuts, which by May this year had risen over 60% on European markets.
Part of the reason for the price rise has been on the demand side. Consumption of brazil nuts has
increased as more people switch to healthier diets. This includes the purchase of the nuts themselves
and as part of healthier snack foods.
With supply being relatively inelastic, any rise in demand tends to have a relatively large effect on
price. A more acute reason is on the supply side. There has been a very poor harvest of Brazil nuts.
The nuts are grown largely in the Amazon basin which has been hit by drought linked to the El Niño
effect.
This, however, is only a temporary effect and future harvests should increase again as rainfall returns
to normal. The price rise in the UK has also been aggravated by the depreciation of the pound since
the Brexit vote, which has fallen some 13% against the dollar since June 2016. A rise in the dollar price
of Brazil nuts has thus led to an even bigger rise in their sterling price.
Based on the information given above, answer the following questions.
40
Question 14
Which of the following is not a reason for the rise in prices of nuts?
1. A rise in market demand by brazilians in anticipation of becoming healthier
2. The lack of ability of market to immediately respond to the rise in demand
3. Depreciation of the currency leading to inflation
4. An increase in demand followed by an increase in supply by the farmers
Answer : 4
Question 15
Which of the following is true for depreciation of currency?

1. It affects the exports negatively
2. It improves the current account deficit
3. It affects the tourism industry negatively
4. All of the above
Answer : 2
41
SECTION 4: DATA INTERPRETATION
Solved Questions
Solve questions 1 to 3 using the diagram below
The diagram below shows Country X's exports and imports of goods and services from 2015-16 to
2018-19.
Question 1
What is the balance of payment situation in the country in 2018-19?

1. Surplus BOP
2. Deficit BOP
3. Balanced BOP
4. Cannot be Determined
Answer : 4
Explanation : Since the graph only shows exports of goods and services it can be used to determine
BOT but not BOP.
Question 2
In 2016-17, Country X had a positive current account balance. Which of the following statements are
true?
1. Country X may or may not have positive net unilateral transfers
2. Country X has positive net unilateral transfers
3. Country X has positive net income from abroad
4. Both B and C
Answer : 1
Explanation : Unilateral Transfers and Net Income from Abroad are two components of Current
Account Balance. In 2016-17, country X has a BOT deficit. But a positive current account balance does
not necessarily require both unilateral transfers and net income from abroad to be positive.
42
Question 3
Which of the following does not move the trade situation in the opposite direction in 2017-18?
1. Unilateral Transfers to X - $0.13 billion, Unilateral Transfers from X - $0.09billion
2. FPI in X - $1.1billion, FPI from X - $1.6billion
3. FII in X - $0.8billion, FII from X - $0.5billion
Answer : 2
Explanation : In order to move in the opposite direction inflows should be higher than outflows. Only
option B meets the requirements.
Solve question 4 to 6 using the following diagram
Ratio of Exports to Imports (in terms of money in Rs. crores) of Two Companies Over the Years
Question 4
IIf the imports of Company A in 1997 were increased by 40 percent, what would be the ratio of
exports to the increased imports?

1. 1.20
2. 1.25
3. 1.30
Answer : 2
Explanation :
43
Question 5
In 1995, the export of Company A was double that of Company B. If the imports of Company A
during the year was Rs. 180 crores, what was the approximate amount of imports pf Company B
during that year?
1. Rs. 190 crores
2. Rs. 210 crores
3. Rs. 225 crores
4. Rs. 220 crores
Answer : 2
Explanation : In 1995, for company A, we have
44
Question 6
In which year(s) was the difference between impors and exports of Company B the maximum?
1. 2000
2. 1996
3. 1998 and 2000
Answer : 4
Explanation : In We shall try to find the difference between the imports and exports of Company B
for various years one by one:

For 1995: We have
E/I + 0.75
where E = amount of exports, I = amount of imports in 1995.
E = 0.75I
I - E = 0.75 x I = 0.25I.
Thus, the difference between the imports and exports of Company B in 1995 is dependent on the
amount of imports of Company B in 1995.
Similarly, the difference for other years can be determined only if the amount of imports for these
years is known.
Since the imports or exports for various years are not know, the differences between and exports for
various years cannot be determined.
Solve question 7 to 9 using the following diagram
Answer the questions based on the information given below. The table given below shows the
distribution of employees in five different companies in 2022.
Question 7
What are the total numbers of female employees working in Dominos and Doritos together in
2022?
1. 20,250
2. 21,250
3. 23,350
4. 21,250
45
Answer : 2
Explanation : Total number of employees in Dominos in 2022 = 50 × 400 = 20,000

Total number of female employees in Dominos in 2022 = (4/5) × 20,000 = 16,000
Total number of employees in Doritos in 2022 = 40 × 350 = 14,000
Total number of female employees in Doritos in 2022 = (3/8) × 14,000 = 5,250
Total number of female employees in Dominos and Doritos together in 2022 = 16,000 + 5250 = 21,250
Question 8
Which company has the second highest number of employees in 2022?

1. Doritos
2. Dominos
3. Strabucks
4. Tacobell
Answer : 4
Explanation : Total number of employees in Starbucks in 2022 = 20 × 350 = 7,000

Total number of employees in Tacobell in 2022 = 45 × 450 = 20,250 (Second-highest)
Total number of employees in Pizza hut in 2022 = 35 × 600 = 21,000
Total number of employees in dominos in 2022 = 50 × 400 = 20,000
Total number of employees in Doritos in 2022 = 40 × 350 = 14,000
Question 9
What is the ratio of male employees in Dominos to the female employees of Doritos in
2022?
1. 15:28
2. 16:21
3. 21:22
4. 23:42
Answer : 2
Explanation Total number of employees in Dominos in 2022 = 50 400 = 20,000

Total number of male employees in Dominos in 2022 = (1/5) 20,000 = 4,000
Total number of employees in Doritos in 2022 = 40 350 = 14,000
Total number of female employees in Doritos in 2022 = (3/8) 14000 = 5250
Desired ratio = 4,000 : 5250 = 16 : 21
46
The following questions are based on the given data for an examination
A) Candidates appeared 10500

B) Passed in all the five subjects 5685
C) Passed in three subjects only 1498
D) Passed in two subjects only 1250
E) Passed in one subject only 835
F) Failed in English only - 78
G) Failed in Maths only 275
H) Failed in Physics only 149
I) Failed in Chemistry only 147
J) Failed in Biology only 221
Question 10
How many candidates failed in all the subjects ?

1. 4815
2. 3317
3. 2867
4. 362
Answer : 4
Explanation : Clearly, candidates failed in all the subjects - (Candidates appeared) - (Candidates failed
in 1, 2, 3 or 5 subjects • Candidates failed in 1 subject only) = 10500 - (5685 + 1498 + 1250 • 835 • 78 +
275 • 149 • 147 * 221) = 10500 - 10138 = 362.
Question 11
How many candidates passed at least in four subjects ?

1. 6555
2. 5685
3. 1705
4. 870
Answer : 1
Explanation : Candidates passed at least in four subjects = (Candidates passed in 4 subjects) •

(Candidates passed in all 5 subjects) = (Candidates failed in only 1 subject) + (Candidates passed in all 5
subjects) = (78 • 275 4- 149 • 147 • 221) * 5685 = 870 5685 - 6555.
47
Question 12
How many candidates failed because of having failed in four or less subjects ?
1. 4815
2. 4453
3. 3618
4. 2368
Answer : 2
Explanation : Candidates failed in four or less subjects = (Candidates failed in only 1 subject) •
(Candidates failed in only 2 subjects) + (Candidates failed in only 3 subjects) + (Candidates failed in
only 4 subjects) = (Candidates failed in only 1 subject) + (Candidates passed in only 3 subjects) +
(Candidates passed in only 2 subjects) • (Candidates passed in only 1 subject) * (78 + 275 4 149 + 147 +
221) + 1498 + 1250 + 835 = 4453.
Question 13-15
Market Size in 2021, was about 150 crores. However, due to the onset of the pandemic, the market size increased
by 2.5x times in 2022 because of the pandemic.
Question 13
Which company had the highest increase in sales in 2022, if BumbleX witnessed 5% decline along
with Tindey
1. Hingergo
2. BumbleX
3. Others
4. Tindey
Answer: 2
Explanation:
Mathsmony grew by 2.5x to 75 crores. BumbleX is 106.875cr, as 45cr x 2.5 = 112.5cr, with a 5%
decline resulting to 106.875 and Tindey is relatively lesser.
48
Question 14
What is the difference between the market capitalization of Hingergo and Tindey in the year 2021
as a proportion of BumbleX market capitalization in 2021

1. 1:3
2. 2:9
3. None of this
4. Data is insufficient to answer
Answer : 2
Explanation :
Given in Question, Hingergo and Tindey have 15% and 25% respectively. That leads to 22.5 crores and
37.5 crores respectively. The difference equals to 10 crores. Now, the capitalization of BumbleX in
2021 is 30% or 45 crores. So the difference/BumbleX share = 10:45 or 2:9
Question 15
What is the ratio of Mathsmony in comparison to TIndey for the year 2022
1. 4:5
2. 5:3
3. 2:1
4. 10:3
Answer: D
Explanation: The ratio will not change because if sales are doubled, then the ratio will increase by
same proportion. MM has ratio of 20% and Tindey of 25%. SO 20/25 = 4/5
49
National Economics Olympiad Data Interpretation
Unsolved Questions
Solve question 1 to 3 using the following graph
Question 1
One of the advisors of Country A suggested that the government should increase expenditure on the
defence sector due to increasing hostility with neighbouring countries. He also suggested that
expenditure on infrastructural development should be reduced to finance the defence expenditure.
This is an example of--
1. Opportunity Cost
2. Sunk Cost
3. Implicit Cost
Answer: 1
Question 2
Assuming that resources in different countries are equally efficient, total expenditure in all countries
is equal and all productive activity in the economy is proportional to government expenditure, which
country has the highest GDP?
1. Country A
2. Country B
3. Country C
4. Country D
Answer: 4
Question 3
If the government of Country X wants to increase its expenditure on education without compromising
expenditure on any other sector, what alternatives does it have?
1. Borrow from other Countries
2. Borrow from the World Bank
3. Print new currency
4. All of the Above
Answer: 4
50
Solve question 4 to 6 using the following table:

The table given below shows the data related to performance of 6 batsmen in a cricket tournament.
Question 4
The respective ratio between total number of balls faced by Dravid and by Faulkner in the
tournament is 3:4. Total number of runs scored by Faulkner in the tournament is what percent more
than the total number of runs scored by Dravid in the tournament?
1. 22.22%
2. 32.44%
3. 18.88%
4. 24.44%
Answer: 1
Question 5
If the runs scored by Irfan in the last three matches of the tournament are not conisdiered, his
average runs scored in the tournament will decrease by 9. If the runs scored by Irfan in the 26th
and 27th match are below 128 and no two scores among these three scores are equal, what are
the minimum possible runs scored by Irfam inn the 28th match?
1. 137
2. 135
3. 141
4. 133
Answer: 1
Question 6
What is the ratio of the number of matches played by Ganguly and Irfan in the tournament?
1. 1:2
2. 3:8
3. 3:7
4. 4:7
Answer:3
51
Solve question 7 to 9 using the following graph:
Question 7
If Netherland’s manufacturing constitutes more capital goods compared to Japan, then according to
the bar graph shown above, which country will have the maximum shift in the production
possibilities curve in the future and in which direction?
1. Japan will have the maximum rightward shift
2. Netherlands will have the maximum rightward shift
3. Both of them will have the same magnitude of rightward shift
4. Japan will have a leftward shift compared to Netherlands
Answer:2
Question 8
Suppose all the countries are operating in a closed economy wherein private saving is 20% and
consumption expenditure on goods only is 80% in all the countries. Assuming this, choose the country
which will have the highest M1 money supply in the economy and also the country with the highest
household saving rate. (There is no government purchase of goods in these countries).
1. Japan- highest M1 money supply and UK- highest saving rate.
2. Netherlands- highest M1 money supply and Sweden- highest saving rate.
3. Australia- highest M1 money supply and Japan- highest saving rate.
4. Sweden- highest M1 money supply and Australia- highest saving rate.
Answer:4
Question 9
What type of exchange rate will allow a country to exchange its domestic goods for foreign goods?
Also, if Japan has a comparative advantage for all capital goods over other countries, then which
country should most likely trade its capital goods for common welfare?
1. Real Exchange Rate and the country is Sweden
2. Nominal Exchange Rate and the country is Japan
3. Real Exchange Rate and the country is Japan
4. Nominal Exchange Rate and the country is Sweden
Answer:3
52
The given graph represents the movement of cryptocurrency prices before and after a particular
tweet on bitcoin by Elon Musk.
Question 10
The value at t=0 in the graph represents:
1. Increase in prices and Increase no. of trades → stable growth
2. Increase in prices but constant no. of trades → Volatility
3. Increase in prices and increase in no. of trades → Volatility
4. Constant trades and constant no. of trades → stable growth
Answer:3
Question 11
If the government were to announce expansion in the scope of MNREGA in May 2021, where can we
expect the maximum variation in the rate of unemployment?
1. Urban unemployment rates
2. Rural unemployment rates
3. Both Urban and Rural: India rates
Answer:2
Question 12
At what points are their maximum variation between the urban and rural rates of unemployment?
1. June 2020
2. August 2020
3. April 2021
4. May 2021
Answer:4
53
Question 13
Choose the period in which the United States faced the same or similar inflation rate as shown by the
graph between 2005 and 2010.
1873 to 1879
1812 to 1815
1930 to 1933
All of the above
1. Only 4
2. 1 and 3
3. 2 and 3
4. Only 3
Answer:4
Question 14
Suppose the required reserve ratio is 10% during the 1980s and during this period one of the
economists suggested that the Central Bank should buy a $5000 bond from the commercial banks.
What is the money supply in the economy after the Central Bank buys the bond and how does it affect
the inflation rate?
1. Increase in money supply by $5000 and an increase in the inflation rate
2. The decrease in the money supply by $50000 and a decrease in the inflation rate
3. Increase in money supply by $50000 and increase in the inflation rate
4. The decrease in the money supply by $5000 and an increase in the inflation rate
Answer:4
Question 15
For any country, which of the following contributes to a situation as depicted by the part of the graph
below Zero?
1. Decrease in Consumption
2. Net Capital Outflow from the economy
3. Excess Production
4. All of the above
Answer:4
54
Solve question 16 to 18 using the following case:
Ashok and Bihu formed a new company, called “Wah Bhai Pvt Ltd.” where Ashok was the managing
director, and Bihu was the employee and non-executive director. Ashok invested for 4 months more
than Bihu. Their investment was in the ratio of 8:10. After the end of first year, they recorded their
profits to the CA, who concluded that the profits for both are 3,50,000 and 1,50,000 respectively.
Question 16
What is the ratio of time period investment?
1. 5:2
2. 3.5:1.5
3. 5:3
4. 3:5
Answer:3
Question 17
What is the resultant LCM of 18,25,69,15, 42, 9
1. 72000
2. 39769
3. 25515
4. 72450
Answer:4
Question 18
There is a society called the “Economics Society”, which consists of 7 men and 6 women. A five person
expert committee needs to be formed so that more than 2 men at least can be made. In how many
ways is this possible?
1. 736
2. 645
3. 735
4. None of these
Answer:4
Solve question 19 to 20 using the following chart:
55
Question 19
The number of candidates passed from institutes S and P together exceeds the number of candidates
enrolled from institutes T and R together by:
1. 228
2. 398
3. 390
Answer:4
Question 20
What is the percentage of candidates passed to the candidates enrolled for institutes Q and R together?
1. 78%
2. 82%
3. 80%
4. 80.5%
Answer:3
56
National Economics Olympiad ECONOMIC APPLICATIONS
Previous Year's Question Papers
2020
Prelims- Class XI Prelims- Class XII
2021
Prelims- Class XI Prelims- Class XII
*Click on icons to access the respective question papers
57

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THE ECONOMICS SOCIETY

SHRI RAM COLLEGE OF COMMERCE

DISCOVER THE ECONOMIST IN YOU!

SAMPLE QUESTION BOOKLET

www.ecosocsrcc.com neo.srcc@gmail.com +91-62893-69919

02 Section 1: Economic Concepts 2-17

03 Section 2: Logical Reasoning 18-29

04 Section 3: Data Interpretation 30-41

05 Section 4: Case Studies 42-56

06 Previous years' Question Papers 57

www.ecosocsrcc.com neo.srcc@gmail.com +91-62893-69919

2. The main objective of conducting the Olympiad is to provide the

3. The Preliminary Round will be conducted in Multiple Choice Questions

A selected set of top performers in the Preliminary Round will move on to

4. The structure of the finals will attempt to identify those participants

Units of the commodity consumed Marginal Utility derived

The maximum total utility = 9 + 5 + 2 = 16

1. an increase in the price of peanut butter, a complement to jelly

Consider the following table and select the correct option.

Firm A 60 70 80 90 100 110 120

Firm C 21 34 49 66 85 106 129

Firm A Firm B Firm C

Quantity TC ATC TC ATC TC ATC

6 110 18.3 96 16 106 17.7

7 120 17.1 119 17 129 18.4

1. Price will decrease

What is the contribution to GDP by Company Y?

Which of the following can be true for TVC?

What can be done triars in a market which is monopolistic?

Identify who amongst them is correct.

(i) Reducing the Cash Reserve Ratio

Read the following statements and choose the correct alternative.

Which of the following is/are correct:

According to Law of equi-marginal utility, the condition of consumer's equilibrium is:

Calculate Compensation of Employees -

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

the three venture capital firms for a business, Yuvraj Ltd. :-

Venture Capital Firm 1: 7 crore

possible extremes of the error in our current range.

Therefore, minimum range = 8-9 crore

1. Honest and hardworking policemen

Observe the given figure and choose the right option.

Explanation : The innermost figure in cell 1 gets retained in cell C.

brother. G’s daughter T is R’s sister. How is T related to F?

Using the above family tree, determine how G is related to D?

Some men are in the police force.

What does ‘are’ mean in that code?

4 in uppercase, and so on.

Explanation : The coding-series will be: A,B,C,D,e,f,g,h,I,J,K,L,m,n,o,p,Q,R,S,T,u,v,w,x,Y,Z

relationship. Choose the correct option.

Explanation : Their route can be sketched as follows:

Determine whether integer p is a prime number or not.

1. Not possible to calculate

Explanation : k = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. Hence if k is added to p, it becomes a factor of that number and thus, p

4 places to the front. What place is A standing in?

1. 15th from the front

cross each other?

Analyse the statements and select the appropriate option.

Yuvraj is older than Satakshi.

B2CD, ______, BCD4, B5CD, BC6D

I) A scored higher than B.

Who scored the highest?

Which of the following statements can never be true?