ENGLISH 8

Reviewer

Myanmar Literature ● the writer does not share his/her

● began as early as the Bagan period in the 11th opinion/emotions nor tries to convince someone.
century and was inscribed on stones called Expository Essay
kyauksa. ● discusses an event, situation, or the views of
● in the 15th century, literature was religious in others, and not a personal experience.
nature.
● war poems composed by monarchs called Folk Literature
kagyin ● had deeply influenced the spiritual
were also popular. life of the viets.
● many dramas were written during the 16th to Folk Literature Examples:
18th ● powerful legends
centuries. ● fairy tales
the style and form evolved when Burmese ● humorous stories
literature ● folk songs
was influenced by the British in the 19th century. ● epics
● modern literature began in 1930s. Written Literature
● the first novel was set in Myanmar. ● first appeared around the 10th century with the
primary role of preserving the main traits of
Context Clues Vietnamese literature
are words and phrases surrounding the unfamiliar
word that offer hints about its meaning. bourgeoisie
French word which means middle class.
Modals Mostly used during the French Revolution.
● are always followed by the base form of verb. obscurantism
● are auxiliary verbs that express ability, strictness or opposition
necessity, request, permission, advice, desire,
probability, etc. Theme
● is one very important element of any literary
Figurative Language work.
● can appear in multiple forms with the use of ● It is the author's underlying meaning or the
different literary and rhetorical devices. main idea that he/she is trying to convey.
Types of Figurative Language ● central insight
● Assonance
The repetition of the same vowel sound in Propaganda Techniques
words. are subtle ways that attempt to influence the
● Alliteration opinions, emotions, attitudes, or behaviors of a
The repetition of initial letter in successive words group in order to benefit the sponsor.
for effect. ● The intention is either positive or negative.
● Consonance
The repetition of the same consonant sound in Documentation
words. ● is a basic requirement of research writing to ensure
● Onomatopoeia that you give proper credit to sources of information
The use of a word that imitates the sound it and would not pass off someone else' work as
represents. your own, intentionally, or unintentionally.
● Cliché Common Documentation Styles
A word or phrase that has become overly ● MLA (Modern Language Association) - It is the
familiar or commonplace. standard format
● Idiom for papers, articles, and books in the arts and
Words or expressions that take a deeper or humanities.
different meaning from the combined literal Footnotes and end notes for additional information
meaning of all words. are
● Euphemism used in this format.
The use of agreeable words to replace rude or ● APA (American Psychological Association) - It is
offensive ones. the style
used by teachers in business and the social sciences.
Informational Essay End notes are used in this format.
● is also known as an expository essay.
● it explains a topic in a logical and direct
manner.
● Parenthetical Citation sentences or paragraphs.
This method involves placing related source ● transition words are used as cohesive devices that
information in parenthesis after a quote or a can help you connect the ideas in your sentences
paraphrase and paragraphs.
● Work Cited Page
This is the name that MLA gives to a Different Types of Transitions
bibliography. It is a listing of all of the sources Transitions that show:
you cited in the body of your paper. ● time and sequence
Parenthetical Citation ● place and position
●This method involves placing related source ● comparison and contrast
information in parenthesis after a quote or a ● cause and effect
paraphrase. ● add, repeat and emphasize
Speech
Personal Research ● is described as having a staccato rhythm if the
● entails writing about something that speaker pronounces syllable separately.
made you curious enough to go Informative speech
searching for answers. ● can be about an event--something that occurred
only once, or one that was repeated
Rhetorical Question
● implies its own answer;
● it's a way of making a
point.
Prepared by:
Short Story
● usually revolves around a single idea and is short MS. JOVIE MHELA B. QUIMOD
enough to be read in one sitting.
● has a plot, characters, a setting, and a theme.

Plot
● is the action in the story
A plot has:
● a series of events connected by causes and
effects.
● a conflict or struggle.
● a climax or high point.
● a resolution
Setting
● it tells where and when the story took place.
Theme
● in literary work refer to its main idea.
● is a message about human nature.
Symbol
● is an object, action, or event that represents a
significant idea ir message.

Point of view
● refers to the angle or position from which a
writer tells a story.
First Person Point of View
● The narrator acts as a character in the story.
● The pronouns I, me, and we are used
Third Person Point of View
● The narrator acts only as an observer.
● The pronouns he, she, and they are used.

Intonation
● is the rise and fall in pitch of voice in speech.
● Using the right intonation will help you express
your message effectively.

Cohesive Devices
● are words or phrases that connect the ideas in your