Daily Practice Problems

NEET 2 Year Programme

Subject – Biology
Topic – Biomolecules
Date: 1 June 2023

A. Subjective Questions
1. What are macromolecules? Give examples.
2. What is meant by tertiary structure of proteins?
3. Explain the composition of triglyceride.
4. Describe the important properties of enzymes.
5. Select an appropriate chemical bond among ester bond, glycosidic bond, peptide bond and
hydrogen bond and write against each of the following.
a. Polysaccharide ___________________________
b. Protein ___________________________
c. Fat ___________________________
d. Water ___________________________
6. Reaction given below is catalysed by oxidoreductase between two substrates A and A’,
complete the reaction.
A reduced + A’ oxidised -------------->
7. How are prosthetic groups different from co-factors?
8. Glycine and Alanine are different with respect to one substituent on the α -carbon. What
are the other common substituent groups?
9. Comment on the statement “living state is a non-equilibrium steady-state to be able to
perform work”.
10. What is the difference between a nucleotide and nucleoside? Give two examples of each
with their structure.

B. Multiple Choice Questions.

Q1. Which of the following statements regarding enzyme inhibition is correct?
(a) Competive inhibition is seen when a substrate competes with an enzyme for
binding to an inhibitor protein
(b) Competitive inhibition is seen when the substrate and the inhibitor compete for
the active site on the enzyme

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 (c) Non-competitive inhibition of an enzyme can be overcome by adding large
amount of substrate
(d) Non-competitive inhibitors often bind to the enzyme irreversibly
Q2. Q4. If DNA percentage of thymine is 20. What is the percentage of guanine?
(a) 20% (b) 40% (c) 30% (d) 60%
Q3. The most abundant element present in plants is
(a) Carbon (b) Nitrogen (c) Manganese (d) Iron
Q4. Transition state structure of the substrate formed during an enzymatic reaction is
(a) Transient but state
(b) Permanent but unstable
(c) Transient but unstable
(d) Permanent and stable
Q5. The major portion of the dry weight of plants comprises of
(a) Carbon, nitrogen and sulphur
(b) Carbon, nitrogen and oxygen
(c) Nitrogen, phosphorous and potassium
(d) Calcium, magnesium and sulphur
Q6. In which of the following groups, all the three are examples of polysaccharides?
(a) Starch, glycogen, cellulose
(b) Sucrose, maltose, glucose
(c) Glucose, fructose, lactose
(d) Galactose, starch, sucrose
Q7. Which of the following is not consistent with the base pairings in a double stranded DNA
molecule?
(a) The number of C equals the number of G
(b) The number of A equals the number of T
(c) The amount of purine is equal to the amount of pyrimidines
(d) The ratio of (G+C) to (A+T) is same for each species
Q8. Identify the incorrect statement regarding the structure of proteins
(a) They are heteropolymers containing strings of amino acids

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 (b) The first amino acid in the primary structure is the N-terminus amino acid
(c) Only left helices are observed in proteins
(d) Tertiary structure is absolutely essential for many biological functions of the
proteins
Q9. At each step of its ascent, the DNA strand turns:
(a) 3.4o (b) 34o (c) 3.6o (d) 36o
Q10. When the co-factor is removed from the enzyme, the catalytic activity:
(a) is lost (b) is reduced (c) is increased (d) is unaffected
Q11. The unique properties of each amino acid are determined by its particular:
(a) R group
(b) Amino group
(c) Kinds of perptide bonds
(d) Number of bonds to other amino acids
Q12. The chitinous exoskeleton of arthopods is formed by the polymerisation of
(a) keratin sulphate and chondroitin sulphate
(b) D-glucosamine
(c) N-acetyl glucosamine
(d) lipoglycans
Q13. Which one of the following statements is correct, with reference to enzymes?
(a) Apoenzyme = Holoenzyme + Coenzyme
(b) Holoenzyme = Apoenzyme + Coenzyme
(c) Coenzyme = Apoenzyme + Holoenzyme
(d) Holoenzyme = Coenzyme + Cofactor
Q14. Which of the following is not a polymeric substance?
(a) Nucleic acid (b) Proteins (c) Polysaccharides (d) Lipids
Q15. A non-proteinaceous enzyme is
(a) lysozyme (b) ribozyme (c) ligase (d)
deoxyribonuclease
Q16. Which of the following is the least likely to be involved in stabilising the three-
dimensional folding of

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 most proteins?
(a) Hydrogen bonds (b) Electrostatic interaction
(c) Hydrophobic interaction (d) Ester bonds
Q17. Which of the following describes the graph correctly?
(a) Endothermic reaction with energy A in the presence of enzyme and B in the
absence of enzyme
(b) Exothermic reaction with energy A in the presence of enzyme and B in the
absence of enzyme
(c) Endothermic reaction with energy A in the absence of enzyme and B in the
presenec of enzyme
(d) Exothermic reaction with energy A in the absnece of enzyme and B in the
presence of enzyme

Q18. A typical fat molecule is made up of

(a) One glycerol and three fatty acid molecules
(b) One glycerol and one fatty acid molecule
(c) Three glycerol and three fatty acid molecules
(d) Three glycerol molecules and one fatty acid molecule
Q19. A phosphoglyceride is always made up of
(a) only a saturated fatty acid esterified to a glycerol molecule to which a phosphate
group is also attached
(b) only an unsaturated fatty acid esterified to a glycerol molecule to which a
phosphate group is also attached
(c) a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid esterified to a glycerol molecule to which a
phosphate group is also attached
(d) a saturated or unsaturated fatty acid esterified to a phosphate group, which is
also attached to a glycerol molecule

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 Q20. Given below is the diagrammatic representation of one of the categories of small
molecular weight organic compounds in the living tissure. Identify the category shown and
the one blank component X in it
Category Component
1. Cholesterol Guanin
2. Amino acid Guanin
3. Nucleotide Adenine
4. Nucleoside Uracil
Q21. Which one is the most abundant protein in the animal world?
(a) Trypsin (b) Haemoglobin (c) Collagen (d) Insulin
Q22. Which one out of A-D given below correctly represents the structural formula of the
basic amino acid?

(a) C (b) D (c) A (d) B

Q23. Which one of the following structural formulae of two organic compounds is correctly
identified with its related function?
(a) A – triglyceride major – a source of energy
(b) A – Lecithin – a component of cell membrane
(c) B – Adenine – forms nucleotides of the nucleic acids
(d) Both 2. and 3.

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 Q24. The enzyme amylase belongs to the class
(a) hydrolase (b) isomerase (c) transferase (d) lyases
Q25. DNA has deoxyribose as the constituent sugar. The position where the sugar lacks
oxygen is
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
Q26. Heating may cause denaturation of enzyme or protein mainly by damaging its
(a) physical configuration
(b) chemical structure
(c) both physical configuration as well as chemical structure
(d) other properties
Q27. What is the false statement regarding starch and cellulose?
(a) Both of them are of plant origin.
(b) Both of them are polymers.
(c) Both of them give colour with iodine.
(d) Both of them are made up of glucose molecules.
Q28. Which one of the following statements about enzymes is wrong
(a) Enzymes require optimum pH for maximal activity
(b) Enzymes are denatured at high temperatures but in certain exceptional organisms they are
effective even at temperatures of 80°-90°C
(c) Enzymes are highly specific
(d) Most enzymes are proteins but some are lipids
Q29. In an enzymatic reaction, Km is?
(a) The temp. in Kelvin at which reaction velocity is half of the maximum
(b) The value at which all enzyme molecules are saturated
(c) The conc. of substrate for Vmax.
(d) None of these
Q30. Competitive inhibition of an enzyme can be seen in the inhibition of?
(a) succinic dehydrogenase by malonic acid
(b) cytochrome oxidase by cyanide
(c) hexokinase by glucose-6-phosphate
(d) carbonic anhydrase by carbon dioxide
Q31. What is the meaning of antiparallel strands of a DNA molecule mean?
(a) One strand turns anti-clockwise
(b) The phosphate groups of two DNA strands, at their ends, share the same position
(c) The phosphate groups at the start of two DNA strands are in opposite positions (pole)
(d) one strand turns clockwise
Q32. What causes DNA and RNA to be acidic?
(a) Purine
(b) Pyrimidine

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 (c) Phosphoric group
(d) Sugars
Q33. What does the “lock and key” model of enzyme action illustrate?
(a) An enzyme molecule may be destroyed and resynthesized several times
(b) An enzyme interacts with a specific type of substrate molecule
(c) An enzyme reacts at identical rates under all conditions
(d) An enzyme forms a permanent enzyme-substrate complex
Q34. What does the “lock and key” model of enzyme action illustrate?
(a) An enzyme molecule may be destroyed and resynthesized several times
(b) An enzyme interacts with a specific type of substrate molecule
(c) An enzyme reacts at identical rates under all conditions
(d) An enzyme forms a permanent enzyme-substrate complex
Q35. What is an amino acid?
(a) Substituted methane
(b) Substituted ethane
(c) Any acid having an amino group
(d) Derivative of indoleacetic acid

Q36. Many elements are found in living organisms either free or in the form of compounds.
Which of the following is not found in living organisms?
a. Silicon
b. Magnesium
c. Iron
d. Sodium
Q37. Amino acids, have both an amino group and a carboxyl group in their structure. Which
one of the following is an amino acid?
a. Formic acid
b. Glycerol
c. Glycolic Acid
d. Glycine
Q38. An amino acid under certain conditions have both positive and negative charges
simultaneously in the same molecule. Such a form of amino acid is called
a. Acidic form
b. Basic form
c. Aromatic form
d. Zwitter ionic form
Q39. When we homogenise any tissue in an acid the acid soluble pool represents
a. Cytoplasm
b. Cell membrane
c. Nucleus
d. Mitochondria

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 Q40. Proteins perform many physiological functions. For example, some functions as
enzymes. Which of the following represents an additional function that some proteins
discharge?
a. Antibiotics
b. Pigment conferring colour to skin
c. Pigments making colours of flowers
d. Hormones

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