ROOF LOADING

Roof Category H [EBCS-1 Table 2.13]

Wind Pressure
External Pressure: [EBCS-1 Sec 3.5.2]

Internal Pressure: [EBCS-1 Sec 3.5.3]

reference mean velocity pressure

Vref = wind speed = 22 m/sec.

ρ = Air density = 0.94 Kg/m3 [EBCS-1 Table 3.1]
qref = 0.227 KN/m 2

Ce(Ze) - Exposure Coefficient

[EBCS-1 Sec 3.8.5(2)]

Z = Height above the ground up to the top of the roof = 7.95 m

KT = Terrain factor
KT = 0.22
- for terrain category III Zo = 0.3 [EBCS-1 Table 3.2]
Zmin = 8

Cr(Z) - roughness coefficient

for Zmin ≤ Z ≤ 200m [EBCS-1 Sec 3.8.2]

for Z < Zmin

Cr(Z) = 0.72

Ct(Z) - topography coefficient = 1.0

So, the exposure coefficient is:

Ce(Z) = 1.634

Cpe - external pressure coefficient:

The roof is duopitch roof with α = 17.14

b w
Case1: Wind direction perpedicular to the ridge: θ = 0º Roof Area = 36.6 12.0
 4.41

1.59

4.41

1.59

3.98 28.62 3.98

Wind direction

The regions are subdivided using EBCS-1

e = b or 2h whichever is smaller

b = 36.6 , 2h = 15.9 e = 15.90

e/4 = 3.98 e/10 = 1.59

Region αº F G H I J
Area 6.320 45.506 161.274 161.274 58.146

Cpe,10 5 -1.7 -1.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.3

Cpe,1 5 -2.5 2.0 -1.2 -0.3 -0.3
5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Cpe,10 15 -0.9 -0.8 -0.3 -0.4 -1.0 [EBCS-1 Table A.4]

Cpe,1 15 -2.0 -1.5 -0.3 -0.4 -1.5
15 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0

Cpe,10 α -0.729 -0.714 -0.236 -0.421 -1.150

Cpe,1 α -1.893 -2.249 -0.107 -0.421 -1.757
Cpe,10 α 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.000 0.000
Cpe,1 α 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.000 0.000
Cpe α -1.205 -0.714 -0.236 -0.421 -1.150
Cpe α 0.243 0.243 0.243 0.000 0.000

Maximum negative Cpe = -1.205

Maximum positive Cpe = 0.243

-External Pressure We = -0.448 KN/m2

We = 0.090 KN/m2

-Internal pressure coefficient are Cpi = 0.8 and Cpi = -0.5

 Wi = 0.297 KN/m2
Wi = -0.186 KN/m2
Net Pressure:

Negative: -0.745 KN/m2

Positive: 0.276 KN/m2

Case2: Wind direction perpedicular to the ridge: θ = 90º

3.98

12.0
Wind
direction

3.98

1.59 6.36

Region αº F G H I
Area 6.320 3.220 38.160 171.720

Cpe,10 (5º) -1.6 -1.3 -0.7 -0.5

Cpe,1 (5º) -2.2 -2.0 -1.2 -0.5

Cpe,10 (15º) -1.3 -1.3 -0.6 -0.5 [EBCS-1 Table A.4]

Cpe,1 (15º) -2.0 -2.0 -1.2 -0.5

Cpe,10 α -1.236 -1.300 -0.579 -0.500

Cpe,1 α -1.957 -2.000 -1.200 -0.500

Cpe α -1.531 -1.827 -0.579 -0.500

Maximum negative Cpe = -1.827

Maximum positive Cpe = 0.000

-External Pressure We = -0.679 KN/m2

We = 0.000 KN/m2

-Internal pressure coefficient are Cpi = 0.8 and Cpi = -0.5

 Wi = 0.297 KN/m2
Wi = -0.186 KN/m2

Net Pressure:

Negative: -0.977 KN/m2

Positive: 0.186 KN/m2

Load Transfer to Purlin:

Purlin spacing = 1 m
WL/meter = -0.977 KN/m [Suction]
= 0.276 KN/m [Compression]
ROOF LOADING

Roof Category H [EBCS-1 Table 2.13]

Wind Pressure
External Pressure: [EBCS-1 Sec 3.5.2]

Internal Pressure: [EBCS-1 Sec 3.5.3]

reference mean velocity pressure

Vref = wind speed = 22 m/sec.

ρ = Air density = 0.94 Kg/m3 [EBCS-1 Table 3.1]
qref = 0.227 KN/m 2

Ce(Ze) - Exposure Coefficient

[EBCS-1 Sec 3.8.5(2)]

Z = Height above the ground up to the top of the roof = 8.10 m

KT = Terrain factor
KT = 0.22
- for terrain category III Zo = 0.3 [EBCS-1 Table 3.2]
Zmin = 8

Cr(Z) - roughness coefficient

for Zmin ≤ Z ≤ 200m [EBCS-1 Sec 3.8.2]

for Z < Zmin

Cr(Z) = 0.73

Ct(Z) - topography coefficient = 1.0

So, the exposure coefficient is:

Ce(Z) = 1.642

Cpe - external pressure coefficient:

The roof is duopitch roof with α = 8.33

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 b w
Case1: Wind direction perpedicular to the ridge: θ = 0º Roof Area = 27.0 29.0

12.88

1.62

12.88

1.62

4.05 18.90 4.05

Wind direction

The regions are subdivided using EBCS-1

e = b or 2h whichever is smaller

b = 27.0 , 2h = 16.2 e = 16.20

e/4 = 4.05 e/10 = 1.62

Region αº F G H I J
Area 6.561 30.618 347.760 347.760 43.740

Cpe,10 5 -1.7 -1.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.3

Cpe,1 5 -2.5 2.0 -1.2 -0.3 -0.3
5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

Cpe,10 15 -0.9 -0.8 -0.3 -0.4 -1.0 [EBCS-1 Table A.4]

Cpe,1 15 -2.0 -1.5 -0.3 -0.4 -1.5
15 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0

Cpe,10 α -1.434 -1.067 -0.500 -0.333 -0.533

Cpe,1 α -2.334 0.835 -0.900 -0.333 -0.700
Cpe,10 α 0.067 0.067 0.067 0.000 0.000
Cpe,1 α 0.067 0.067 0.067 0.000 0.000
Cpe α -1.777 -1.067 -0.500 -0.333 -0.533
Cpe α 0.067 0.067 0.067 0.000 0.000

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 Maximum negative Cpe = -1.777
Maximum positive Cpe = 0.067

-External Pressure We = -0.664 KN/m2

We = 0.025 KN/m2

-Internal pressure coefficient are Cpi = 0.8 and Cpi = -0.5

Wi = 0.299 KN/m2
Wi = -0.187 KN/m2
Net Pressure:

Negative: -0.963 KN/m2

Positive: 0.212 KN/m2

Case2: Wind direction perpedicular to the ridge: θ = 90º

4.05

29.0
Wind
direction

4.05

1.62 6.48

Region αº F G H I
Area 6.561 16.929 93.960 274.050

Cpe,10 (5º) -1.6 -1.3 -0.7 -0.5

Cpe,1 (5º) -2.2 -2.0 -1.2 -0.5

Cpe,10 (15º) -1.3 -1.3 -0.6 -0.5 [EBCS-1 Table A.4]

Cpe,1 (15º) -2.0 -2.0 -1.2 -0.5

Cpe,10 α -1.500 -1.300 -0.667 -0.500

Cpe,1 α -2.133 -2.000 -1.200 -0.500
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 Cpe α -1.742 -1.300 -0.667 -0.500

Maximum negative Cpe = -1.742

Maximum positive Cpe = 0.000

-External Pressure We = -0.651 KN/m2

We = 0.000 KN/m2

-Internal pressure coefficient are Cpi = 0.8 and Cpi = -0.5

Wi = 0.299 KN/m2
Wi = -0.187 KN/m2

Net Pressure:

Negative: -0.950 KN/m2

Positive: 0.187 KN/m2

Load Transfer to Purlin:

Purlin spacing = 1.3 m

Unit wt. of roof cover = 77 KN/m3

wt. of roof cover = 0.0385 KN/m2

DL/meter = 0.0506 KN/m [DL inaddition to its wt.]

LL/meter = 0.328 KN/m
WL/meter = -1.252 KN/m [Suction]
= 0.275 KN/m [Compression]

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NATIONAL CONSULTANTS TEL. 510544 FAX 514933