LITE REVIEWER

Chapter 1 P1 INTERCONNECTIVITY

COMPUTER HARDWARE -connected to its left and right only, creating a

linear structure. Ex: hotspot
-physical component of a computer system
ADMINISTRATION
INPUT DEVICES
-private network from single autonomous
-a piece of hardware that “sends” data to a
system.
computer.
NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
OUTPUT DEVICES
-client server, peer to peer, or hybrid.
-a piece of hardware that “receives” data to a
computer and translate that data. TYPE OF NETWORKS

SYSTEM UNIT PERSONAL AREA NETWORK (PAN)

-also known as tower or chasis. -it is a network concerned w/ exchanging

information in a person’s vicinity.
2 MAIN TYPES OF SOFTWARE
LOCAL AREA NETWORK (LAN)
APPLICATION SOFTWARE
-it is a group of computer and peripheral
-computer software package that performs a
devices w/c are connected in limited area.
specific function directly for an end user.
WIDE AREA NETWORK (WAN)
SYSTEM SOFTWARE
-computer network that is spread across a large
-designed to run a computer hardware and
geographical area.
application program.
METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK (MAN)
COMPUTER ALGORITHM
-consisting of a computer network across an
-a sequence of computation steps that
entire city, college, campus, or a small region.
transform the input into the output.
OTHER TYPES OF NETWORKS
ANALYSIS OF ALGORITHM
• Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN).
-it help us to determine w/c algorithm is most
Storage Area Network (SAN). System
efficient in terms of time and space consumed.
Area Network. Home Area Network.
COMPUTER NETWORKS Passive Optical Lan (POLAN). Enterprise
Private Network (EPN). Campus Area
-basis of communication in IT. Network. Virtual Area Network.
CLASSIFICATION OF NETWORKS
CHAPTER 1 P2
GEOGRAPHICAL SPAN
INTERNET
-it may be spanned across whole building, city,
1844- the first transmission of TELEGRAPH.
multiple cities/provinces. Samuel Finley Breese Morse.
1876- TELEPHONE, Alexander Graham Bell.
1940- access a computer in New York using
TELETYPE by George Stibitz.
1945- “As We May Think”. Development of the
world wide web.
1958- sold the developed modern modems.
T&T and Bell.
- communication between computers thru
sending “message blocks”. Larry Roberts
1963- JCR Licklider, link people + user friendly
computer together.
1965- Ted Nelson invents HYPERTEXT.
1966- start of development of a national
computer network.
1969- launching of ARPANET.
1971- sent the first email “@”.
1973- invention of Ethernet linking computers.
1974- influential paper using Transmission
Control Protocol (TCP).
1978- introduced the improved TCP. Modern
internet.
1983- official adaption of TCP/IP. Internet
computers will communicate.
1982-1984- domain name system (DNS).
1986- national science foundation network
(NFSNet). ARPANET’s growing infrastructure.
1988- INTERNET RELAY CHAT was invented
allowing users to create “virtual rooms”.
1989- PEAPOD that introduced online grocery
shopping.
1993- user friendly web browser MOSAIC.
World wide web worm, one of the 1st search
engines.
1994- Brian Pinkerton writes WebCrawler. Jerry
Yang and David Filo launch YAHOO!.
1995- ECOMMERCE. Jeff Bezos founds
AMAZON.COM and Pierre Omidyar set up EBAY.
1996- IseekYou (ICQ) was considered 1st user
friendly instant messaging.
1997- published the 1st blog (weblog).
1998- backrub search engine was developed,
w/c was later renamed GOOGLE.
1999- idea of internet of things (IoT).
2003- every country in the world is now
connected to the internet.
2004- Mark Zuckerberg launch FACEBOOK.
2016- Jack Dosey and Evan Williams found
TWITTER. Microblogging, 140-character status
message.
2017- Russian president Vladimir Putin
approves a plan to create a private alternative
to the internet to counter the (traditional).
TYPES OF INTERNET CONNECTION
DIAL-UP CONNECTION
-requires to link a phone line to a computer.
BROADBANDWIDTH
-offers better high-speed connections.
SATELLITE
-uses broadband but does not require cable or
phone lines to access the internet.
CELLULAR TECHNOLOGY
-provide wireless internet access through
cellphones. Internet service provider (ISP).
 INTERNET APPLICATIONS -ways to share files. Microsoft onedrive, Google
drive, Dropbox, Apple icloud, Youtube.
1. ELECTRONIC MAIL (E-MAIL)
8. REMOTE DESKTOP
-sends a single message to many recipients
-a remote access facility permits a user who is
-generate and send message, respond to an
using one device to access and control another
incoming message.
device.
TO- list the email addresses of the main
9. CLOUD SERVICES & CLOUD COMPUTING
recipients.
Cloud services- data storage and data
CARBON COPY (CC)- recipients who should
synchronization services.
receive a copy.
Cloud computing- practice of using a network of
BLIND CC- identities should be hidden from
remote servers hosted on the internet to store,
other recipients.
manage and process data.
2. WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
10. ELECTRONIC COMMERCE (E-COMMERCE)
Conventional or static website- web pages
-domestic and international payment services.
stored, and mainly its contents do not change.
Group buying, automated online assistance.
Domain website- changes or customizes itself Online shopping and order tracking.
frequently and automatically.
11. BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGY
3. SOCIAL NETWORKING & PERSONAL
-system recording information in a way that
PUBLISHING
makes it difficult or impossible to change, hack,
SN- fb, tw, sc, ig, yt or cheat the system.

PP- discussion forums also known as electronic Chapter 2 P1

bulletin boards, newsgroup, blogs, wikis.
GRAPHICS
4. THE INTERNET OF THINGS (IOT)
-graphikos w/c means “written”.
Sensor- measure or sense their surroundings.
-pictographically presented
Actuators- change or control their
4 ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS
surroundings.
IMAGE- Visual presentation
5. INTERNET SEARCH (SEARCH ENGINES)
MODELS- 3D presentation
-variety of techniques to gather information for
the user. Provide personalized answers and sell RENDERING- process of generating image.
ads.
ANIMATION- adding creative illusive actions.
6. VOICE & VIDEO COMMUNICATION (VoIP)
2 TYPES OF COMPUTER GRAPHICS
-zoom, skype, teams, fb, viber
RASTER GRAHICS
7. FILE TRANSFER & DATA SHARING
-digital image made up of countless tiny squares
called pixel (bitmap).
-PIXEL “picture element” ✓ The interface to the final user may
permit interactivity.
-BITMAP is a way of turning an image into a
✓ Information must be presented
computer files.
digitally.
VECTOR GRAPHICS
TYPES OF MULTIMEDIA PRESENTATION
-use mathematical formula to draw lines and
LINEAR PRESENTATION
curves to create image.
-progress w/o the control for navigation of the
4 MAIN AREAS: APPLICATION OF COMPUTER
user.
GRAPHICS
-play typically from the start to end or loops. Ex:
USER INTERFACE -useful in video games, digital
MOVIE.
art and virtual reality.
NON-LINEAR PRESENTATION
DESIGN- used in graphic design, computer aided
design and web design. -can moved around on different path

DISPLAY INFORMATION- information of -interactive multimedia. Ex: VIDEO GAMES.

graphics and scientific visualization.
FORMS OF MULTIMEDIA
SIMULATION- it imitates the process.
✓ Online
Chapter 2 P2 ✓ Offline
✓ Hybrid
MULTIMEDIA
Chapter 2 P3
-latin word “multus” w/c means “many”,
medium means “media”. HUMAN COMPUTER INTERACTION (HCI)

-presenting information using audio, video and -design of computer technology. Interaction
any animation between human and computer.

-coined by singer Bobb Goldstein in 1966. GOALS OF HCI

5 ELEMENTS OF MULTIMEDIA ✓ To produce usable and safe system,

functional system.
TEXT- characters used in creating words.
✓ To let the developers to understand the
GRAPHIC- non text info like image, drawing or function.
charts. ✓ To develop tools and techniques.

ANIMATION- moving images. THE IMPACT OF HCI IN OUR LIFE

VIDEO- movie photographic image. ✓ Daily life

✓ Business and industry's
AUDIO- any music or sounds effects. ✓ Accessible to disable
MULTIMEDIA SYSTEM CHARACTERISTICS ✓ Software success
✓ Useful for untrained user
✓ Should be computer controlled.
✓ All the computers of multimedia are
integrated.
HAPTICS TECHNOLOGIES Chapter 2 P4

-bring feedback to the user for the movement IPR ISSUES IN ICT
that represented by the computer.
-intellectual property (IP)
1873- QWERTY Christopher Latham Sholes.
-world intellectual properties organization
American inventor who developed the
(WIPO).
TYPEWRITER.
-creations of the mind such as invention;
1946- ENIAC “the birth of a giant brain”.
literary and artistic works; designs, symbols,
Built by John Mauchly & J. Presper Eckert. names and images used in commerce.

1952- THE TRACKBALL OF DATAR Tom Cranston, SAMUEL HAPKINS- 1st American patent was
Fred Longstaff & Kenyon Taylor. Invented by the granted 1790.
engineering team of Ferranti Canada this
ENGLISH STATUE OF MONOPOLIES (1624) &
trackball used a 5-pins bowling ball as the
STATUE OF ANNE (1710)- current American
rolling device.
laws protecting IP.
1967- THE GAMING JOY STICK Ralph Baureckert
COPYRIGHT ACT- was revised in 1831, 1870,
known as “control column”. The 1st joystick in
1909 & 1976.
gaming was brought out w/ the release if
SEGA’s arcade game, “missile”. 3 MAIN ARGUMENTS: RIGHT TO OWN
PROPERTIES
1968- VIRTUAL REALITY Ivan Sutherland.
✓ The natural right argument
1972- MULTI-TOUCH TECHNOLOGY, control
✓ The utilitarian argument
data corporation was the first to release a
✓ Hegel’s personality argument
terminal using touch points in 16x16 array as its
user interface. 4 TYPES OF LAWS THAT PROTECT IP
1984- 3D PRINTING Dr. Kodama. COPYRIGHTS- is a form of protection provided
by laws of US (title 17, US. Code) to the authors
1998- THE SMARTWATCH Steve Mann known as
of original works of authorship.
“father of wearable computing”.
PATENT- for an invention is the grant of a
2006- WII, Nintendo the Wii is a home video
property right to the inventor.
game console.
TRADEMARKS- word, phrase, symbol, or design,
2011- Google Voice Search Apps, Google initially
or a combination thereof that identifies and
named “voice action”.
distinguishes the source of the goods of one
2016- DEXMO EXOSKELETON, filed for patency party from those of others.
for their concept “switching force feedback”.
TRADESECRETS- any piece of confidential
2018- 2018 & BEYOND, Brian Computer corporate information w/c gives any business a
Interface (BCI). competitive advantage.