Professional Documents
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SPANISH Booklet
SPANISH Booklet
Learning
Spanish
AMITY SCHOOL OF LANGUAGES
LUCKNOW CAMPUS
Established: 2004
SEMESTER-VI
Written Expression & Comprehension-II
SPAN 121
UG/PG
FORMAT FOR COURSE CURRICULUM
Course Objectives: To enable students acquire knowledge about how to give command, use negation
in a sentence and write formal letter
Course Contents/Syllabus:
Weightage (%)
Module I: What if… 25
Descriptors/Topics
Revision of the earlier modules with special reference to IOP/DOP
Writing paragraph using IOP/DOP
Dialogue/ Conversation using IOP/DOP
Translation using IOP/DOP (English-Spanish, Spanish-English
Introduction to Conditional
Future vs. Conditional
Descriptors/Topics
Affirmative Imperatives of Irregular and Radical changing verbs (-ar ending)
Affirmative Imperatives of Irregular and Radical changing verbs (-er ending)
Affirmative Imperatives of Irregular and Radical changing verbs (-ir ending)
Negative Imperatives of Reflexive verbs (-ar ending)
Negative Imperatives of Reflexive verbs (-er ending)
Negative Imperatives of Reflexive verbs (-ir ending)
Descriptors/Topics
Prepositions
Compound Prepositions
Preposition following verbs
Comparisons and Superlatives
También and Tampoco
Double Negation
Descriptors/Topics
Formal Letter- Making a request
Formal Letter- Making an enquiry
Accidents, Precautionary measures in case of illness
Do’s and Don’ts (Rules)
Comprehension
Picture Description
The class will be taught using theory and communicative methodology. The instructor
will cover the ways to think innovatively liberally and communicate.
40 60
Weightage 10 10 15 5 60
(%)
Lab/ Practical/ Studio Assessment:
Text Reading:
Material provided by the faculty
Español, En Directo I A
References:
Español Sin Fronteras
Aula
Pasaporte
Español dos mil
MODULE 1: WHAT IF
La Condicional Simple
O
The Conditional Tense
The conditional tense in Spanish is used in a similar way to how we would express
conditional ideas in English. Every time you think you could use a word like
‘would’, ‘could’ or ‘should’ in English, it is likely there is a Spanish equivalent.
The Spanish conditional tense is formed in exactly the same way as the Spanish
future simple tense. You start with the infinitive form of the verb and then add a
suffix depending on the person you are referring to.
Examples:-
English Español
I would speak Yo hablaría
He would return El volvería
They would ask Ellos pedirían
We should Nosotros deberíamos
She would like A ella le gustaría
Poner Pondr-
Querer Querr-
Caber Cabr-
Valer Valdr-
Tener Tendr-
Hacer Har-
Haber Habr-
Saber Sabr-
Poder Podr-
Venir Vendr-
Salir Saldr-
Decir Dir-
Examples:-
English Español
You would put Tu pondrías
She would leave Ella saldría
You-all would do Vosotros haríais
I would say Yo diría
They would know Ellos sabrían
(i) Yo que tú, + condicional simple. [If I was you, + simple conditional]
(ii) Yo en tu lugar, + condicional simple. [If I was in your place, + simple
conditional]
(iii) Yo, + condicional simple. [I would, + simple conditional]
Problem: You are throwing a party and don’t know what to cook.
Advice: If I was you, I would make a Spanish omelette and a paella.
Consejo: Yo en tu lugar, haría una tortilla y una paella.
EJERCICIOS
1. Fill in the blanks using the correct form of conditional tense:-
There are a few important rules that must be followed when using direct object
pronouns and indirect object pronouns TOGETHER.
But first, let's review Spanish direct and indirect object pronoun forms!
MAINTAINING ORDER
When direct and indirect object pronouns are used together in a sentence, the
indirect object pronoun goes in front of the direct object pronoun. They are then
placed before the verb.
Marcos nos la trajo.
Dámelo.
Give it to me.
No quiero decírtela.
Notice that when object pronouns are attached to a verb, it's often necessary to
add an accent in order to preserve the natural stress of the verb.
Changing Le to Se
Se lo digo.
I tell it to her.
Mi abuelo se los compró.
NEGATIVE
When a sentence with object pronouns is negative, the negative word (for
example, no or nunca ) directly precedes any object pronouns.
No te la tengo.
She never buys ice cream for her kids. She never buys it for them.
Spanis Spanish
h English Affirmative Spanish Negative
To do,
Hacer make Haz No hagas
Ir To go Ve No vayas
Ser To be Sé No seas
To
Salir leave Sal No salgas
To
Venir come Ven No vengas
Spanish Spanish
Spanis Englis Affirmative/Negati Affirmative/Negati
h h ve Usted ve Ustedes
To
Dar give Dé Dén
To do,
Hacer make Haga Hagan
Ir To go Vaya Vayan
To
Oír hear Oiga Oigan
To
Saber know Sepa Sepan
To
Tener have Tenga Tengan
To
Traer bring Traiga Traigan
To
Venir come Venga Vengan
Vamos/
Ir To go Vayamos No vayamos
To go
Irse now Vámonos No nos vayamos
AFFIRMATIVE:
In the affirmative form, the reflexive pronoun is joined to the
imperative form:
Siéntate aquí.
Sit down here.
NOTE: you will need to put an accent on the verb to show the stress.
NEGATIVE:
In the negative form, the reflexive pronoun goes before the verb:
Don't marry him.
No te cases con él.
Don't complain so
No os quejéis tanto.
much.
2) Con = with
Ejemplo:
(i) Yo voy a Barcelona con mi madre.
(ii) Julia quiere un café con leche.
3) De = of, from
Ejemplo:
(i) Este libro es de Pablo.
(ii) ¿De dónde eres?
(iii) Viajaremos de Kashmir a Kanyakumari este año.
(iv) La clase de matemáticas es de 9 a 11 de la mañana.
4) En = on, in
Ejemplo:
(i) ¿Tu estudias en la universidad?
(ii) Mi cumpleaños es en Noviembre.
(iii) El señor Gómez va a la oficina en coche.
5) Para = for
Ejemplo:
(i) ¿Compráis este regalo para su boda?
(ii) Estudio todos los días para hablar bien español.
6) Por = for, from
Ejemplo:
(i) Me baño por la noche.
(ii) Compro esta blusa por veinte mil pesos.
(iii) El chico conduce el coche a 100 kilómetros por hora
(iv) Este regalo es por mi amiga Marta.
7) Sobre = about, on
Ejemplo:
(i) El bolso está sobre la mesa.
(ii) Hablamos sobre tu vida en Perú.
Compound Prepositions
Comparatives
1. COMPARATIVES OF INEQUALITY IN SENTENCES:
Comparatives of inequality talk about two things that are different because of the
level of any of their characteristics. In Spanish, we use the structure
Él tiene más de noventa años.
He is more than ninety years old. (Literally: He has more than ninety years.)
2. COMPARATIVES OF EQUALITY IN SENTENCES
Comparatives of equality talk about how two things are the same according to a
certain characteristic:
The beach is really busy today; there are as many women as men today
. In Spanish, we use the construction
tan + adjective or adverb + como
or
tant(o)(s)/tant(a)(s) + noun + como
El libro es tan bueno como la película.(The book is as good as the movie.)
El chico es tan alto como la chica.(The boy is as tall as the girl.)
Llegamos tan temprano como ellos (We arrived as early as they did).
Hace tanto calor como en el desierto (It is as hot here as it is in the desert).
Comimos tantos tacos como los demás (We ate as many tacos as the
others).
Tiene tantas plumas como ella.(as many pens as she have)
If you look at the last example, you will see that the word tantos in this case is
plural because it works as an adjective and agrees with the noun that is being
modified: tacos.
One situation where tanto does not change to agree with the noun is when we use
the construction:
verb + tanto como
Example:-
(i) Tú estudias tanto como yo (You study as much as I do).
(ii) Sus estudiantes aprenden tanto como mis estudiantes.(his students learn as
much as mine )
IRREGULAR COMPARATIVES
There are some adjectives in Spanish that have irregular comparatives. That means
that some adjectives need words that are very specific to describe certain
characteristics and do not follow the simple rule of más/menos + que.
Adjective Comparative
bueno(a) (good) mejor (better)
malo(a) (bad) peor (worse)
grande (big) mayor (bigger)
pequeño (small
menor (smaller)
)
joven (young) menor (younger)
viejo (old) mayor (older)
Ejemplos
3. I live in the most interesting city in the world. Vivo en mundo.
B. Completa con ‘mejor, peor, mayor, menor, superior, inferior’ según los casos.
C. Completa con:
Más----que.
Menos------que.
Tan/ tanto….como.
1. Es………………valiente………….su padre.
2. Salió--------rápido-----------pudo.
3. Es----------fuerte-----------un león.
4. El vestido le estaba---------corto -----------un bañador.
5. Es----------temido-----------amado.
6. Me costó----------trabajo---------a él.
LA DOBLE NEGACIÓN
Fórmula para la doble negación:
No+ ninguno/a
Por ejemplo:
A letter requesting for information about doing a course from a foreign university:
Estimado señor:
Mi nombre es (Name and surname). Tengo el título de (name of diploma) por la Universidad
(name of the university).
Tengo interés en estudiar en la Universidad de (name) en el área de (name of field of study). Por
eso, me gustaría tener toda la información acerca de los programas en este campo.
Para financiar mis estudios, necesito una beca también. Por favor me ayuda.
Querría comunicar que he pensado iniciar mis estudios con ustedes el próximo (start of period
when you hope to begin).
Sinceramente,
(Full name)