Explain the differences between the cognitive, behavioral, and environmental approaches to strategic

employee development.

Cognitive Approach: This approach focuses on the development of individuals’ internal knowledge,
skills, and abilities through cognitive activities such as problem-solving, critical thinking, and decision-
making. Here, the emphasis is on developing a deeper understanding of a particular subject or skill so
that employees can make better decisions and increase their technical knowledge. Examples of cognitive
approaches to employee development could include critical thinking courses, leadership programs, and
public speaking workshops.

Behavioral Approach: This approach is based on the idea that employee development can take place by
changing behavior in order to improve performance. It focuses on changing behaviors that are hindering
employees from achieving their goals and objectives. This approach often uses reinforcement techniques
such as rewards and punishment, as well as observational learning, to shape behavior. Examples of
behavior-focused employee development practices could include coaching sessions, goal setting,
rewards systems, and on-the-job training.

Environmental Approach: This approach focuses on the external environment in which an employee
works and provides opportunities for development through a variety of interventions. It focuses on
creating a supportive and productive working environment that will ultimately lead to employee
development. This can involve engaging in team-building activities, offering flexible working hours, and
providing a stimulating work environment that encourages growth and development. Examples of
environmental approaches to employee development would include creating job-satisfaction initiatives,
implementing organizational change, and offering career development programs.