FIND CLINICAL DISEASE IN

DIGESTION SYSTEM. (FOUR)

INTEGRANTES:
 CRUZ MORETO MELVI
 GOICOCHEA CRUZ LICNY
 GASTRIC ULCER
A gastric ulcer, also known as a peptic ulcer or stomach ulcer.
Is a wound that forms in the tissue that lines the
stomach,caused by various factors such as a por diet or
infection by the helicobacter pylori bacterium

The presence of this ulcer causes the appearance of some

symptoms, such as stomach pain, nausea and vomiting,
especially after eating, although it may also not show symptoms
for a long time.
 HOW THE TREATMENT IS DONE

Treatment for gastric ulcer is done with the use of

drugs that reduce stomach acidity such as antacids,
or acidity inhibitors suchas omeprazole,
pantoprazole, lansoprazole, including during
pregnancy.
The use of analgesics may also be recommended
by the doctor, to control pain, if necessary. In
cases where endoscopy indicates Helicobacter
pylori infection, the doctor may recomend the use
of antibiotics, such as amoxicillin and clari
thromycin.
 GALLSTONES

Gallstones are hard lumps or stones, usually made up of cholesterol

or other substances such as bilirubin, that form in the gallbladder.
The gallbladder is a small organ located below the liver that releases
bile (produced by the liver, but stored and concentrated in the
gallbladder) into the digestive system to help the body convert fats
into fatty acids, which can be absorbed.
 Gallstone Treatment

It is not always necessary to treat gallstones. In many cases, the best

option is to monitor them and treat them only in the presence of
symptoms. However, if they cause complications, they may need to be
treated right away. Also, patients with conditions that increase the risk
of complications, such as portal hypertension (high blood pressure in
the liver), liver cirrhosis, or diabetes, may require more urgent
treatment.
In most cases, laparoscopic surgery is performed to remove the
gallbladder, in an operation known as a cholecystectomy. After the
operation, patients can lead a normal life even without the gallbladder,
since the liver will continue to produce bile.
 DIVERTICULITIS
: This disease originates when the diverticula (small bags that are located in the internal part of the
intestine or in the colon) become inflamed or infected
Diverticulitis is usually diagnosed during an acute attack. Because abdominal pain can indicate a number
of problems, your doctor will need to rule out other causes of your symptoms.
He or she will start with a physical exam and check your abdomen for tenderness. Women usually also
have a pelvic exam to rule out pelvic disease.
 TREATMENT
Treatment depends on the severity of your signs and symptoms
Uncomplicated diverticulitis
If your symptoms are mild, you may be able to receive treatment at
home. Your doctor will likely recommend the following
:• Antibiotics to treat the infection, although the new guidelines state
that, in very mild cases, they may not be necessary.
• A liquid diet for a few days while your intestines heal. Once symptoms
improve, you can gradually add solid foods to your diet.
complicated diverticulitis
If you have an acute attack or other health problems, you may need to
be hospitalized. Generally, treatment consists of the following
:• Intravenous antibiotics.
• If an abdominal abscess has formed, placement of a tube to drain it
 CIRRHOSIS OF THE LIVER
Liver cirrhosis is a liver disease (affects the liver) and is
characterized by progressive damage to this organ, scarring its
tissues and causing it to finally lose functionality. In its most
advanced stage, cirrhosis of the liver is fatal.
Generally, this damage to the liver is due to excessive alcohol
consumption or other diseases that attack the organ. The symptoms
appear in late stages and are as follows: fatigue, loss of appetite,
involuntary weight loss, itchy skin and bruising, confusion, slurred
speech, swelling of the legs, etc.
Damage to the liver is irreversible, but if it is detected early,
treatments can be applied that slow down the development of the
disease.
 TREATMENT
The treatment of liver cirrhosis through the use of medications aims to control certain symptoms of this condition,
such as burning and abdominal swelling caused by ascites, which is the accumulation of fluids in the abdomen, and
the use of the medication may be indicated by the doctor. of diuretic medicines that help eliminate excess fluid.
In case of hepatic encephalopathy, which is a complication of cirrhosis in which brain malfunction occurs, some
laxative and antibiotic drugs, such as lactulose and neomycin or rifaximin, may be prescribed in order to help eliminate
hepatic encephalopathy. toxins through the intestines, preventing these substances from impairing the functioning of
the brain. As cirrhosis of the liver increases the pressure in the blood vessels of the liver, beta-blocker drugs may also
be indicated to reduce blood pressure.
Pharmacological treatment for liver cirrhosis should only be indicated by the gastroenterologist according to the
clinical indications and symptoms presented by the individual. In certain occasions, the vaccine against hepatitis A and
B is recommended to prevent further damage to the liver