Step-by-step

construction of a
Phase Diagram!
 Question 01 - From the information given:
(a) Construct the hypothetical phase diagram of the system composed of
elements A-B and identify each region.
(b) What is the composition and percentage of phases present for an alloy
containing 20% of B to 1400°C
•The following invariant reaction L (40%B) <-> α (15%B)s + β (90%B)s occurs
at 1200°C.
•Fusion of element A takes place at 1800°C
•Fusion of element B takes place at 1600°C
•Fusion of an alloy with 20%B occurs at 1600°C
•Fusion of an alloy with 60%B occurs at 1400°C
•A-rich phase called α
•B-rich phase called β
•At 5% from B to 600°C the solubility of the α phase is exceeded precipitating
phase β
•At 95% of B to 700°C the solubility of the β phase is exceeded precipitating phase
α
 RESOLUTION
Alternative a)
The first three points give us data that will serve as the basis for building the
diagram, we know that there is a reaction at 1200ºC that starts at 15% in A, has its main
transformation at 40% and starts at 90% in B:

Points two and three inform us of the respective values of the melting temperature
of elements A (the left) and B (on the right ), that is, in their pure states:
 Points four and five inform us of the value of the league merger, with 5% of B and
95% of B, remembering that, A this on the left and B on the right, we will then have:

Point six and seven informs us that the solid of A is called alpha and the solid of
B is called beta, the liquid is represented by the letter "L", with the information of points
eight and nine we have the fusion of the elements and with the information that "the phase
is exceeded by the material", that is to tell us that after exceeding this value, we will have
the union of the two elements, placing the points on the chart we have to:
 Now, we can already draw the graph, and knowing that it is a eutetic reaction
(liquid turning two solids),we can already predict that the areas left and right above the
reaction will be biphasic, and the left and right ends will be pure solids, below we will
already have complete solidification.

Alternative B)
In this alternative it is requested what the percentage of phases of the biphasic
region (alpha + liquid) is asked at 20% of B in A, at 1400ºC. We will do the following,
mark the point and draw a line parallel to the percentage axis, until this line touches the
left and right ends of the graph, with this we will obtain the approximate percentage value
of the region:
 We can note that it is 10% and 30%, the account is as follows, imagine that the
percentage of alpha is the left line to the center point, and the percentage of liquid is the
straight to the right, the length of the line is subtraction of the point to the right and the
point to the left, so we will have that the percentage of alpha in this region is:
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑎 30 − 20
𝑊𝑎𝑙𝑝ℎ𝑎 = = = 0,5 𝑜𝑟 50%
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 30 − 10

𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝐵𝑒𝑡𝑎 20 − 10

𝑊𝐵𝑒𝑡𝑎 = = = 0,5 𝑜𝑟 50%
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 30 − 10
Coincidentally, the point has both phases at equal values