Let us Know Shaitan, the Enemy: Part-1.

(1): The world of Shaitan and Human Being:

Dictionary meaning of evil is: something that is very bad, immoral and harmful;
Morally bad or wrong; wicked: an evil tyrant;
Causing ruin, injury, or pain; harmful: the evil effects of a poor diet.
Satan means: the name used for the Devil, a powerful evil force and the enemy of God.
Evil, in a general sense, is the opposite or absence of good. 
Tempt means: to make or encourage someone want to have or do something, especially something that is
unnecessary or wrong;
Greed means: intense and selfish desire for something, especially wealth, power, or food;
Impulse means: a sudden or immediate strong wish or desire or urge to do something:
Emotion means: a strong feeling deriving from one's circumstances, mood, or relationships with
others.
Shayāṭīn (‫;شياطين‬ devils or demons), singular: Shaiṭān or Satan (‫ْطان‬ٰ ‫ ) َشي‬are evil spirits
in Islamic belief, inciting humans (and jinn) to sin by “whispering” (‫وس َْو َسة‬,
َ “waswasah”) to
ْ
the heart (‫قَلب‬ qalb). They form a separate class of invisible creatures besides the angels in
Islamic tradition.
According to the Qur'an, Iblis (the Arabic name used) disobeyed (out of vanity) an order
from God to bow to Adam, and as a result Iblis was forced out of heaven. Iblis is called Shaitan
because of his commitment to lead people astray and do wrong or evil.

What is Iblees / Shaitan or Satan?

Iblis is mentioned 11 times in the Qu'ran by name, nine times related to his rebellion against
God's command to prostrate himself before Adam. The term Shaitan is more prevalent, although
Iblis is sometimes referred to as Shaitan; the terms are not interchangeable.
Jinnaat are the creation of Allah Ta'ala made from fire.The Qur’aan and Sunnah indicate that the jinn
exist, and that there is a purpose for their existence in this life, which is to worship Allaah Alone,
with no partner or associate. Allaah says (interpretation of the meanings):
They are given the power to take whatever shape or form they wish. Jinns and humans have some
things in common, such as the possession of understanding and the choice between the way of
good and the way of evil (freedom of choice). The word jinn comes from an Arabic root meaning
“hidden from sight.
Allah has told us in His Book the essence from which the jinn were created.
The disbelievers among them will go to Hell and the Believers among them will live nearby
Jannat. The mischievous and evil ones (among jinns) are called "Shaytaan or Iblis or Satan.

Hijr-15:26-27. “We created man from sounding clay from mud molded into shape. And the Jinn
race We had created before from the fire of a scorching wind.” [Yusuf Ali]

Dhaariyaat 51:56. “And I (Allah) created not the jinns and humans, except they should worship
Me (Alone).”
Baqra-2:34. “And behold ! We said to the angels (Malaikah in Arabic): "Bow down to Adam"; and they
bowed down not so Iblis he refused and was haughty he was of those who reject Faith.”

Explanation by Ibn Kathir:

"Iblis, the enemy of Allah, envied Adam because Allah honored Adam. He said, `I was created
from fire, and he was created from clay.' Therefore, the first error ever committed was
arrogance, for the enemy of Allah was too arrogant to prostrate before Adam.'' Iblis had
disbelief, arrogance, and rebellion, all of which caused him to be expelled from the holy
presence of Allah, and His mercy.
Araf-7:12.“(Allah) said: "what prevented thee from bowing down when I commanded thee?" He
said: "I am better than he: thou didst create me from fire and him from clay." 

Explanation by Yusuf Ali: Note - 998

Notice the subtle wiles of Iblis: his egotism in putting himself above man, and his falsehood
in ignoring the fact that Allah had not merely made man's body from clay, but had given him
spiritual form,-in other words, had taught him the nature of things and raised him above the angels.
Araf-7:13. “(Allah) said: "Get thee down from this: it is not for thee to be arrogant here: get out
for thou art of the meanest (of creatures)."
Araf-7:14. “He said: "give me respite till the day they are raised up."
Araf-7:15. “(Allah) said: "be thou among those who have respite."
Araf 7: 16-17 “(Iblees) said: ‘Because You have sent me astray (threw out of way), surely, I will
sit in wait against them (human beings) on Your straight path. Then I will come to them from
before them and behind them, from their right and from their left, and You will not find most of
them as thankful ones (i.e. they will not be dutiful to You)’”

Araf-7:18. “(Allah) said: "Get out from this (Paradise) disgraced and expelled (rejected,
outcast). If any of them (mankind) follow thee, hell will I fill with you all.

(2): Evil ones (Satans) among men and Jinns:

There is a popular proverb:
"The empty/idle mind is the devils workshop" and it's from H.G. Bohn's, "Hand-Book of Proverbs," 1855. The
another one is:
“All of humanity's problems stem from man's inability to sit quietly in a room alone." Blaise Pascal
“I have found little 'good' about human beings. In my experience, most of them are trash. Sigmund Freud.
(discarded matter, a person or people regarded as being of very low social standing:)

Nas-114: 1-6. “Say, "I seek refuge in the Lord of mankind. The Sovereign of mankind.
The God of mankind. From the evil of the retreating whisperer. Who whispers [evil] into the
breasts of mankind. From among the jinn and mankind." [Sahih International]
Thus, a Shaitan is both from Jinn and mankind. God created angle, jinn, and mankind in their natural
instincts but some jinn and mankind become Satan by doing vicious deeds.

(3). Characteristics of Satan:

Dominant negative emotions are greed, haughtiness, envy, lust, hatred, falsehood, anger, fear
etc. from which most of us suffer which develop into tension, depression and serious ailments.
Let us read a few negative emotions with examples from Quran and Bible.
The haughtiness and envy of Satan (embodiment of all evils) and the greed of Adam to become
angle or immortal led them to be expelled from paradise. (Baqra-2:34 Araf-7:20-25, Bible
Genesis-3: 1-5).
(i). Satan is “disbeliever and arrogant”
Araf-7:27. “ 0 children of Adam! Do not allow Satan to seduce you in the same way as he
caused your ancestors to be driven out of the garden: he deprived them of their garment [of
God-consciousness] in order to make them aware of their nakedness. Verily, he and his tribe
are lying in wait for you where you cannot perceive them! Verily, We have placed [all manner
of] satanic forces near unto those who do not [truly] believe. “ [Transaltion by Asad]
(ii). Satans promote evil:
Nur-24:21. “O ye who believe! follow not Satan's footsteps: if any will follow the footsteps of Satan he
will (but) command what is shameful and wrong (evil and vice): and were it not for the grace and mercy
of Allah on you not one of you would ever have been pure: but Allah doth purify whom He pleases: and
Allah is One Who hears and knows (all things). [Yusuf Ali] [Evil-morally bad; causing trouble or harming
people]

Quran say about Slander (Character Assassination):

Noor-24:11. “Verily, numerous among you are those who would falsely accuse others of unchastity:12 [but,
O you who are thus wronged,] deem it not a bad thing for you: nay, it is good for you!13 [As for the slanderers,]
unto every one of them [will be accounted] all that he has earned by [thus] sinning; and awesome suffering
awaits any of them who takes it upon himself to enhance this [sin]!14

Explanation by Ibn Kathir:

Asad Translation Note Number : 13
I.e., in the sight of God: for, the unhappiness caused by unjust persecution confers - as does every undeserved
and patiently borne suffering - a spiritual merit on the person thus afflicted. Cf. the saying of the Prophet,
quoted by Bukhari and Muslim: "Whenever a believer is stricken with any hardship, or pain, or anxiety, or
sorrow, or harm, or distress - even if it be a thorn that has hurt him - God redeems thereby some of his
failings."
HADITH:
Narrated Aishah that Allah’s Messenger (‫ )ﷺ‬said,
Whenever a believer is stricken with any hardship, or pain, or anxiety, or sorrow, or harm, or
distress —even if it be a thorn that has hurt him — God redeems thereby some of his
failings. (Bukhari 5642)
Humzah (the slandere)-104: 1-4. “Woe to every (kind of) scandal-monger and-backbiter, Who
pileth up wealth and layeth it by, Thinking that his wealth would make him last for ever! By no
means! He will be sure to be thrown into That which Breaks to Pieces (Hell),
—  Yusuf Ali

(iii). Satan’s enemy is Humanity:

Satan is eternal enemy of humans. By making mention of this expression in so many verses of
Quran and similar phrases such as: Do not follow in the footsteps of Satan, Do not fall for him,
do not follow him, indeed he is a manifest enemy to you. (2:168, 208-209; 12:5; 36:60-64;
6:142; 17:53; 35:6; 43:62) humans are warned. 
Baqra-2:208. “O you who have attained to faith! Surrender yourselves wholly unto God, and
follow not Satan's footsteps, for, verily, he is your open foe.”

Nisa-4:119-121. “And I will mislead them, and I will arouse in them [sinful] desires, and I will
command them so they will slit the ears of cattle, and I will command them so they will change
the creation of Allāh (idolatrous practices)." And whoever takes Satan as an ally instead of Allāh
has certainly sustained a clear loss. He [i.e., Satan] promises them and arouses desire in them.
But Satan does not promise them except delusion. The refuge of those will be Hell, and they will
not find from it an escape.” — Saheeh International
Nisa-4:122. “But the ones who believe and do righteous deeds - We will admit them to gardens
beneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide forever. [It is] the promise of Allāh, [which
is] truth, and who is more truthful than Allāh in statement.” — Saheeh International

Why Adam and Eve Expelled from Paradise?

(iv). Liar and Pledger (Promiser):
One of the most significant characteristics of Satan is Lying and tempting. Anyhow, he would not
deceive anyone in any other way. The lie and tempt that he told to Adam and Eve and their
expulsion fro Paradise is announced in Quran as:
Araf-7:20. “But Satan whispered to them to make apparent to them that which was concealed
from them of their private parts. He said, "Your Lord did not forbid you this tree except that you
become angels or become of the immortal."

Translation by Ibn Kathir: Araf-7:18-20.

7:22. “So he made them fall, through deception. And when they tasted of the tree, their private
parts became apparent to them, and they began to fasten together over themselves from the
leaves of Paradise. And their Lord called to them, "Did I not forbid you from that tree and tell
you that Satan is to you a clear enemy?"
7:23. “They said, "Our Lord, we have wronged ourselves, and if You do not forgive us and have
mercy upon us, we will surely be among the losers."
7:24. “[ Allah ] said, "Descend, being to one another enemies. And for you on the earth is a place
of settlement and enjoyment for a time."
7:25. “He said, "Therein you will live, and therein you will die, and from it you will be brought
forth." [7:20-25. Translation by Sahih International]
Translation by Ibn Kathir: Araf-7:22-25.

(v). Satan offers truth as fallacious, and fallacious as truth:

We see that Quran explains such words, phrases, and philosophical interpretations, which delude humans into
blasphemy (writing or speaking about God or religion in a way that shows a lack of respect) and disbelief by stopping
humans to follow Gods way as satanic. 
Holy Quran, on this matter orders as:
Anam-6:112-113. “And thus We have made for every prophet an enemy - devils from mankind and jinn, inspiring to
one another decorative speech in delusion. But if your Lord had willed, they would not have done it, so leave them
and that which they invent. And [it is] so the hearts of those who disbelieve in the Hereafter will incline toward it
[i.e., deceptive speech] and that they will be satisfied with it and that they will commit that which they are
committing.” — Saheeh International
Explanation by Yusuf Ali: Note-941
What happened in the history of the Holy Prophet happens in the history of all righteous men
who have a Message from God. The spirit of evil is ever active and uses men to practice
deception by means of highly embellished words and plausible excuses and objections. God
permits these things in His Plans. It is not for us to complain. Our faith is tested, and we must
stand the test steadfastly.
Note-942
People who have no faith in the future destiny of man may listen to and be taken in by the deceit
of evil. If they take a delight in it, let them. See what they gain by it. Their gains will be as
deceitful as their delight. For the end of evil must be evil.

(4): Purpose of Creation of Satan:

Satan was created for important purposes. If Satan, who continually tries to seduce us, did not
exist, our creation would be meaningless and futile.
 Allah (Glory be to Him) gave us free will so that we could know good from evil. In addition, He
gave us great potentials. Our development of these potentials and our struggle to choose
between good and evil make us experience a constant battle in our inner and outer worlds. Just
as Allah (Glory be to Him) sends hawks upon sparrows so that the latter will develop their
potential to escape, He created Satan and allowed him to tempt us so that our resistance to
temptation will raise us spiritually and strengthen our willpower. Just as hunger stimulates
human beings and animals to further exertion and discovery of new ways to be satisfied, and fear
inspires new defenses, Satan’s temptations cause us to develop our potentials and guard
against sin. 

Al Ghazali (c. 1058 – 19 December 1111) divides human nature into four domains, each representing
another type of creature: Animals, beasts, devils and angels. (Beast is dangerous four-footed animal) Traits
human share with bodily creatures are the animal, which exists to regulate ingestion and procreation and
the beasts, used for predatory actions like hunting. The other traits humans share with the jinn and root in
the realm of the unseen. These faculties are of two kinds: That of angels and of the devils. While the
angels endow the human mind with reason, advises virtues and lead to worship God, the devil perverts the
mind and tempts to abuse the spiritual nature by committing lies, betrayals and deceits. The angelic
natures advices how to use the animalistic body properly, while the devil perverts it.In this regard, the
plane of a human is, unlike who's of the jinn and animals, not pre-determined. Humans are potencially
both angels and devils, depending on whether the sensual soul or the rational soul develop.
It is clear from Surah Nas-114:1-6 mentioned above that Satan is among jinn as well as mankind.
CONTINUED [See Part-2]
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