how is systematic random sampling different from stratified random sampling?

Systematic random sampling and stratified random sampling are both probability
sampling methods, but they differ in their sampling procedures.

In systematic random sampling, the researcher selects every nth member from the
population list after randomly selecting a starting point. For example, if a researcher
wanted to sample every 10th person from a population of 100,000, they would
randomly select a starting point between 1 and 10 and then select every 10th person
from the list. The advantage of systematic random sampling is that it is easy to use
and efficient, especially when the population is large.

In stratified random sampling, the researcher divides the population into

homogeneous subgroups or strata based on certain characteristics and then
randomly selects samples from each stratum. For example, if a researcher wants to
study the attitude towards a product among different age groups, they could divide
the population into three strata based on age (e.g., 18-25 years, 26-40 years, 41-60
years) and then randomly select samples from each stratum. The advantage of
stratified random sampling is that it ensures that the sample is representative of the
population, especially when the population is heterogeneous.

In summary, while systematic random sampling involves selecting every nth member
from a population list, stratified random sampling involves dividing the population
into homogeneous subgroups and then randomly selecting samples from each
subgroup. The choice of which sampling method to use depends on the research
question and the characteristics of the population being studied.