CLIMATE

CHANGE
 At the end of this lesson, you are expected to:
✓Identify the causes of climate change;

Learning ✓Evaluate the effects of the climate change on the

change on the society; and
Objectives ✓Design and practical activities that will help mitigate
the negative impact of the climate change in our
society.
Introduction:
Climate change has immensely affected our natural environment and
our society in the past. It will continue to do so if we permit. Globally,
considered efforts are made to alleviate the negative effects of the
climate change and one of which is reduction in carbon emissions
.Each one of us plays a major role in this cause. We can take part and
contribute significantly to protect our environment our world against
the devastating consequences of this global phenomenon.
WHAT IS CLIMATE
CHANGE?
CLIMATE CHANGE refers to a long-term shift in global or
regional climate patterns. Often climate change refers especially to the
rise in global temperatures from the mid-20th century to present
(national geographic.org 2019).
WHAT CAUSES EARTHS
CLIMATE CHANGE?
• CHANGES IN THEATMOSPHERE
• NATURAL PROCESSESSES
• VOLCANOES
• TECTONIC PLATE MOVEMENT
• SHIFTS IN EARTHS ORBIT
• HUMAN ACTIVITIES – any activity that releases "greenhouse
gases" into the atmosphere
CHANGES OF
THE
ATMOSPHERE
VOLCANOES
TECTONIC PLATE MOVEMENT
SHIFTS IN
EARTHS
ORBIT
HUMAN
ACTIVITIES
◦ Burning fossil fuels

Burning forests or
Grasslands
WHAT IS
GREENHOUSE GASES?
◦ GREENHOUSE GASES include water vapor, carbon dioxide,
methane, nitrous oxide and fluorinated gases(archive0.epa.gov).We
call the event of rapid in the planet as global climates negatively.
Throughout Earths history, climate has continually change. Sadly
human induced climate change is occurring at an unprecedented
rapid rate(nationalgeographic.org.2019).
THE GREENHOUSE
EFFECT
A greenhouse or (CAR) is generally warmer than the air outside it
because sunlight and heat pass through the glass into the car, but heat
is then trapped in the car, making it warmer in earth terms. Sunlight
enters our atmosphere(some rays don’t penetrate and are already lost to
space)Some of the heat from the sun is absorbed by our planet, but
much of it is reflected back most of that heat should pass through the
atmosphere back into space
 Significant events in history related to the emergence of climate change.
• 1896-Svante Arrhenius develop the first climate model of the influence of
atmospheric carbon dioxide(C02).
• 1930s-Milutin Milankovitch Published "Mathematical Climatology and
the Astronomical Theory of Climatic Changes'' that explained the
earths Ice ages.
• 1960-Curvedeveloped by American Scientist Charies David Keeling began
TIMELINE OF to track atmosphere C02 concentrations.C02 concentration in 1960 was
approximately 315 ppm parts per million(PPM)

CLIMATE • 1990-First Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) report of

the past warning while signaling that future warning likely.

CHANGE • 1992-United Nations Conference in Rio De Janeiro established the

UN Framework Convention on Climate Change.
• 1997-Kyoto Protocol was
developed with the purpose to limit greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions from
industrialized countries
• 2005-Kyoto Protocol took effect. All major industrialized countries
signed except the U.S.
• 2007-Youth IPCC report declared that effects of global warning are
manifesting.
THIS FIGURE SHOWS A TIME LINE OF IMPORTANT DEVELOPMENTS
IN CLIMATE CHANGE;
Different types of greenhouse gases have different impacts on the
climate, depending on such factors as how much of the gas is
produced, how long it stays in the atmosphere , and how much heat
types." Carbon Dioxide equivalent" (or C02e) is a unit of measurement
that allows the effects of different greenhouse gases to be compared
using C02 as a standard unit for reference (archive.epa.gov.)
 1. ELECTRICITY
PRODUCTION
Electricity

The Primary production is considered as the second largest contributor of

greenhouse emissions. Approximately ,62% of our electricity is

Sources Of derived from burning fossil fuels, usually are natural gas.
2. TRANSPORTATION

Greenhouse Gas Burning fossil fuels for cars, trucks, ships, trains, and airplanes

Emissions In serve as the source of greenhouse gases

3. INDUSTRY

The United Greenhouse gas emissions from industry originate

from burning fossil fuels for energy as well as greenhouse gas

States And Even emissions from certain chemical reactions required to produced
goods from raw materials

To The Rest Of 4. COMMERCIAL AND RESIDENTAL

This arise from fossil fuels burned for heats as well as
The World Are: the use of certain products that contain greenhouse gases, and the
process of handling of waste that can release unnecessary gases.
 5. AGRICULTURE
The source of greenhouse gas emissions from
The Primary Of agriculture is livestock such as cows, agricultural soils,
and rice production.
Greenhouse Gas 6. LAND USE AND FORESTRY
emissions In In general ,soil can act as an overall "sink"
while absorbing C02 from the atmosphere
The United unfortunately, they can serve as source of greenhouse
States And Even gas emissions when they are being burned or cut down
which ends up adding C02 emissions to the
To The Rest Of atmosphere.

The World Are:

Climate Change Impact In The Philippines
CLIMATE CHANGE has significantly influenced various areas in the country including water resources, forestry,
agriculture, coastal resources, and health. This global phenomenon will continue to do so if we allow our habits and
not so environmentally friendly practices to progress and contribute to the acceleration of global warming.

WATER RESOURCES Water quality and quality problems are experienced in areas where rainfall reduction is
projected. These will cascade into more adverse effects that definitely impact agricultural lands forestry, health,
settlement, and livelihood. Substantial reduction in rainfall affects water supply in dams and irrigations that can
limit agricultural production. Energy production is also directly affected by reduced water supply in dams. On the
contrary ,floods, mudslides, and soil erosion may occur in areas where rainfall could be intense during wet periods.
Extreme floods can severely affect infrastructures, bridges, roads, classrooms, evacuation centers and hospitals.
FORESTRY Forests may be adversely affected as the global temperature continues to increase indigenous communities
in forest areas need to be rescued. Climate –resilient alternative livelihoods should be provided for them.

AGRICULTURE Decrease in crop yield is usually observed whenever temperatures exceed threshold values. In rice,
they often suffer spikelet sterility. Proper management strategies need to be employed to prevent continued reduction in
crop yield amidst changing weather patterns.
Increase in occurrence and strength of tropical cyclones will also continue to exert unmatched
pressure on agricultural production. Unpredictable weather conditions can cause disease incidence or outbreaks
affecting both plants and animals. It is necessary that research works will be done to address this concern and identify
the relationship between weather events and occurrence of damaging diseases that affect plants and animals.
Decreased yields and inadequate job opportunities in the agricultural sector could lead to higher
poverty levels and social unrest. Food security will largely be affected due to decreased yield in agriculture. Insufficient
food supply could further lead to more malnutrition and other concerns in the society.
COSTAL RESOURCES . The coastal regions in the country are greatly affected by the joined influence of
continuous rising of temperature, changing rainfall level, rising sea level, and increasing incidence of tropical
cyclones . These ultimately expose coastal regions to unprecedented threats and damage. The livelihood of
residents of coastal areas are also immensely affected because of such natural calamities

HEALTH . The further increase in global temperature and emergence of devastating natural calamities due to
climate expose the people to water-based and vector-bone diseases. Moreover, people are also prone to
pulmonary illnesses and cardiovascular diseases. Malnutrition is expected to become severe in areas with
frequent occurrences of extreme events that disturb adequate food supply and support for health services.
Measures To Mitigate Negative Impact Of Climate
Change in The Philippines
◦ Currently, there is a good number of promising climate change adaptation programs and projects that are being
implemented in the Philippines. Those programs include (bagong.pagasadost.gov.ph 2021);

◦ MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT goals fund 1656 that aims to strengthen the Philippines institutional capacity to
adapt to climate change and is funded by the government of Spain;
◦ PHILIPPINES climate change adaptation project whose primary goal is to develop the resiliency of farms and natural
resource management to the effects of climate change funded by the Global Environmental Facility (GEF) through
the world bank;
◦ Adaptation to CLIMATE CHANGE and conversation of biodiversity project sponsored by GTZ Germany; and
◦ National FRAMEWORK STRATEGY on climate change envisioned to develop the adaptation capacity of
communities funded by the GTZG Germany.
◦ With these set of programs and everyone 's engagement , we can all combat the destructive impact of climate change.
Nothing is too hard for a resilient and adaptable country.