PRINCIPLES OF STEEL DESIGN
What kind of column in which a column
(TERMINOLOGIES)
1. What structural member that is
categorized as a compression that is
occurring in buildings and bridges?
Ans: Column
2.A compression member resists and
supports, what kind of load?
Ans: Vertical Load
3. A compression member can be also
applied in truss to be used as
Ans: Bracing System
4. When a load P is applied and it is large
enough to make a structure unstable the
structural member experiences  STRUCTURAL CODE OF THE
Ans: Critical Buckling
5. The compressive along the length of the
compressive structure is equal to its:
Ans: Force over Area
6. The following assumptions are
followed by Euler equation. Determine
which of the statements is incorrect:
I.             the column is perfectly straight,
with no initial crookedness,
II.           the load is axial, with no
eccentricity, and
III.         the column is pinned at one end
Ans: II and III
7.The following statements describes a
compression member in a structure.
Which of the following statements is
true?
I.             Supports or resist horizontal
load
II.           It can also be found in truss as
a bracing system
III.         Spiral column is considered as
compression member.
Ans: II and III
8.Determine the theoretical effective length
factor of a structural member who’s on both
ends the rotation is fixed and translation is
fixed.
Ans: 0.5
9. When a compressive member allows
rotation and translation on one end, while
the rotation and translation is fixed on the
other end. What is the theoretical value of
effective length factor, K?
Ans: 2.0
10.
is so slender that it will fail under
longitudinal load by bending rather than by
crushing and typically having a length of 20
to 30 times the diameter?
Ans: Long
11.According to the NATIONAL
STRUCTURAL CODE OF THE
PHILIPPINES on its provision on the
compression members that the governing
radius of gyration is used to determine the
Compression Index of a compression
member. If the compression index of a
compression member is greater than to its
slenderness ration (KL/r) >Cc, therefore the
column in considered to be:
Ans: Long Column
12.According to the NATIONAL
PHILIPPINES on its provision on the
compression members that the governing
radius of gyration is used to determine the
Compression Index of a compression
member. If the compression index of a
compression member is greater than to its
slenderness ration (KL/r) <Cc, therefore the
column in considered to be:
Ans: Intermediate Column
13.What structural elements that are
subjected to axial tensile forces.?
Ans: Tension Members
14.What type of structural joint used to join
two or more structural components in a
steel structure using a male threaded
fasteners and female thread.
Ans: Bolt Connections
15.What type of connection is made
between two plates overlapping at edges,
making holes through-thickness of both the
members?
Ans: Riveted Connections
16.What connections whose components
are joined together primarily by welds?
Ans: Welded Connections
17. In this type of connection, steel beams
are linked to supporting elements whether it
is steel girders or columns with web
connection angle as seen in figure.
 Ans: Bolt Connections
18. Different steel structures have its own
capacity and strength depending on the
steel and material used. The amount of
stress a piece of steel must undergo in
order to permanently deform is called
Ans: Tensile Strength
19. In different connections in tension
members the _____________ is the total
cross-sectional area of a tensile member
taken perpendicular to the load, where no
holes are provided.
Ans: Gross Area
20. For the given figure below. Determine
what kind of failure in tension member’s
connection is being described.
Ans: Tensile Rupture
21. Evaluate the following statements.
Determine which of the following statement
is true about staggered connections.
I.             Staggered holes create a
reduction in the efficiency of a flat sheet
bolted connection
II.           stagger or spacing of adjacent
holes’ perpendicular to loading.
III.         To get more capacity by increasing
the effective net area.
Ans: I and III
22. It is a process whereby the parts to be
connected are heated and fused, with
supplementary molten metal added to the
joint.
Ans: Structural Welding
23. The design of a fillet welds is that the
assumption of the cross section a triangle
whose angle is at:
Ans: 45 Degrees
24. The standard increment for the weld
size of a welded connection is
Ans: 1/16 inch
25. What type of welds that is to connect
structural members that are aligned in the
same plane?
Ans: Groove Welds
26. What type of welds are used most often
to joint two pieces with differing thicknesses
together?
Ans: Lap Welds
27. Evaluate the following statements about
eccentrically loaded riveted connections.
Determine which of the statements is true.
I.             one in which line of application of
load does not pass through center of gravity
of rivets.
II.           The load is acting at an eccentric
distance from the center of gravity
III.         The rivets are affected due to loads
and moment.
Ans: I, II, and III
28. What method in which is based on the
principle that stresses developed in the
structural members should not exceed a
certain fraction of elastic limit.
Ans: Allowable Stress Design
29. What method is based on the principle
that strength (resistance) of various
materials is scaled down by some factors
while the applied loads are scaled up by
some factors?
Ans: Load Resistance Factor Design
30. This method of structural designing
allows the serviceability limits like maximum
deflection.
Ans: Load Resistance Factor Design
31. The _________________ considers the
comparison between the allowable and
actual strength.
Ans: Allowable Stress Design
32. The ___________________ compares
the required strength and actual strength.
Ans: Load Resistance Factor Design
33.Load Resistance Factor Design and
Allowable Stress Design have their own
difference particularly in the strength being
considered. In solving the capacity for a
Load Resistance Factor Design the formula
use is: Considered that ϕ, REDUCTION
FACTOR, Rn, NOMINAL CAPACITY, Ω,
FACTOR OF SAFETY.
Ans: ϕRn
34. Load Resistance Factor Design and
Allowable Stress Design have their own
difference particularly in the strength being
considered. In solving the capacity for a
Allowable Stress Design the formula use is:
Considered that ϕ, REDUCTION FACTOR,
Rn, NOMINAL CAPACITY, Ω, FACTOR OF
SAFETY.
I.             Flexural buckling is elastic or
inelastic region
II.           Torsional buckling
III.         Flexural-Torsional buckling
Ans: I and III

Ans: Rn/Ω 43. Based on all the properties and

35. Determine which of defines the
designed and installed capacity, and
maximum producing capacity under
specified conditions that is the full-load
sustained output of equipment or a facility.
provision followed by a Load Factor
Resistance Design (LRFD) and Allowable
Stress Design (ASD) according to the
National Structural Code of the Philippines.
Which is true about Load Resistance Factor
Design?

Ans: Nominal Capacity Ans: LRFD is more accurate and more

36. What structural element that transmits, economical than ASD for it will give smaller
through compression, the weight of the designing section.
structure above to other structural elements
below.
Ans: Columns
37. What structural member refers to as
structural elements that are pushed together
or carry a load.
Ans: Compression Members
38. It is a type of column wherein it has a
small cross sections compared to their
lengths.
Ans: Slender Column
39. What compression failure where a
compression member instability involving a
combination of member bending and
twisting as well as any local buckling of
slender elements.
Ans: Flexure-Torsional Buckling
40. What type of a column so slender that it
will fail under longitudinal load by bending
rather than by crushing and typically having
a length of 20 to 30 times the diameter?
Ans: Long Column
41. Determine which of the statements is
true about the local instability for a non-
slender column that is doubly symmetric
member.

I.             Flexural buckling is elastic or

inelastic region

II.           Torsional buckling

III.         Flexural-Torsional buckling

Ans: I and II
42. Determine which of the statements is
true about the local instability for a slender
column that is singly symmetric or non-
symmetric member.