ASSOC. PROF.DR.

MOHAMEDNORAZHARIAZMAN
Senior Lecturer, Departmentof Engineering Technology
Faculty of Technical &Vocational, UPSI.
Office : BLOCKB, ROOM3-2
Contact no: 05-4505387
Email : mnazhari@ftv.upsi.edu.my
 Ceramic
• Ceramic is in organic compound consisting of
metal(or semimetal) and one or more non metal.
• The general properties that make ceramic useful
in engineering product are high hardness, good
electrical and thermal insulating, chemical
stability, and high melting temperature.
• Can be divided into traditional ceramic (base on
silica), new ceramic (combination of carbide)
and glasses.

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 Advantages of Ceramic
• Harder than conventional structure metals.
• Low coefficient of friction.
• Extremely high melting point.
• Corrosion resistance.
• Low density.
• Extreme hardness.
• Inexpensive.
• Easily available.
• Glazed ceramic does not stain.

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 Disadvantages of Ceramic
• Dimensional tolerances difficult to control during
processing.
• Weak in tension.
• Poor shock resistance.
• Can crack when hit with heavy items.

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1. Silicate ceramics
2. Oxide ceramics
3. Non-Oxide ceramics
4. Glass-ceramics

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1. Silicate ceramics
• Silicates are materials generally having a composition of silicon and oxygen.
• The main types of silicate ceramics are based either on alumosilicates or
magnesium silicates.
• Silicate ceramics are traditionally categorized into coarse or fine and,
according to water absorption, into dense (< 2 % for fine and < 6 % for coarse)
or porous ceramics (> 2% and > 6 %, respectively).

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2. Oxide ceramics
Oxide ceramics include alumina, zirconia, silica, aluminium silicate,
magnesia and other metal oxide-based materials.

These are non-metallic and inorganic compounds by nature that include

oxygen, carbon, or nitrogen.

Oxide ceramics possess the following properties:

(a) High melting points
(b) Low wear resistance
(c) An extensive collection of electrical properties

These types of ceramics are available with a variety of special features.

For example, glazes and protective coatings seal porosity, improve water
or chemical resistance, and enhance joining to metals or other materials.

Oxide ceramics are used in a wide range of applications, which include

materials and chemical processing, radiofrequency and microwave
applications, electrical and high voltage power applications and foundry
and metal processing.

Aluminium oxide (Al2O3) is the most important technical oxide ceramic

material. This synthetically manufactured material consists of aluminium
oxide ranging from 80 % to more than 99 %.
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3. Non-Oxide ceramics
The use of non-oxide ceramics has enabled extreme
wear and corrosion problems to be overcome, even at
high temperatures and severe thermal shock conditions.

These types of ceramics find their application in

different spheres such as pharmaceuticals, oil and gas
industry, valves, seals, rotating parts, wear plates,
location pins for projection welding, cutting tooltips,
abrasive powder blast nozzles, metal forming tooling etc.

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4. Glass-ceramics
These are basically polycrystalline materials manufactured through the controlled
crystallization of base glass.

Glass-ceramic materials share many common characteristics with both glasses and
ceramics.

Glass-ceramics possess an amorphous phase and more than one crystalline phase.

These are produced by a controlled crystallization procedure.

Glass ceramics hold the processing advantage of glass and has special
characteristics of ceramics.
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 Application of Ceramic

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DIY PORCELAIN TO MAKE A BRACELET

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 DIY: CEMENT NIGHT LAMP

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 Ceramic Cookware

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 Dental Ceramics

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 PROCESS FOR MAKING
A CERAMIC DENTAL CROWN

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Activity

Take 30min to find the answers to the following questions.

Two random students will be chosen to share the answer.

1. What is the history of ceramics?

2. What are the resources of raw ceramics?
3. How are ceramics made/manufactured?
4. Where can we find raw ceramics material in Malaysia?
5. What countries are the biggest producers of ceramics?
6. What is modern ceramic, and how is it different from traditional ceramics?
7. Why can ceramics replace metals, and what are the potential applications?
8. What are the different types of ceramics?
9. What are the pro and cons of ceramics to the environment?
10. What is the future of ceramics?