Initial Router Setup

Cisco provides several different types of router hardware, including some routers that do only routing, while other
routers offer additional functions. In fact, Cisco has a series of integrated services routers (ISRs), with the name
emphasizing the fact that many functions are integrated into a single device.

The following figure shows a Cisco ISR with some of the more important features highlighted.

Unlike a computer end device, Cisco routers do not have a keyboard, monitor, or mouse device to allow direct user
interaction. However, you can configure the router from a personal computer (PC). At the initial installation, the PC
has to be connected to the router directly through the console port. To connect to the console port, you use a
console cable, which is also called a roll-over cable.

The console port can be an RJ-45 port or a USB port. A Cisco router might have only one type or both types of
console ports. When the console port on a device is an RJ-45 port, you require a console cable with an RJ-45
connector on one end. The other end can be a serial DB-9 connector or a USB connector. Most of the modern
computers have USB ports and rarely include built-in serial ports. In case your console cable has a serial
connector, you will need a serial-to-USB adapter and operating system driver (USB-to-RS-232-compatible serial
port adapter) to establish connectivity.

When the console port is a USB port, you need a suitable USB cable (for example, a USB Type A-to-5-pin mini
Type B) and operating system device driver to establish connectivity.

Your PC also needs a serial port and the communications software, such as Tera Term or putty, configured with the
following settings:
Speed: 9600 bps
Data bits: 8
Parity: None
Stop bit: 1
Flow control: None

On routers with two console ports, only one console port can be active at a time. When a cable is plugged
into the USB console port, the RJ-45 port becomes inactive. When the USB cable is removed from the
USB port, the RJ-45 port becomes active.

The startup of a Cisco router requires verifying the physical installation, powering up the router, and viewing the
Cisco IOS Software output on the console.

The router completes these tasks to start router operations:

1. Runs the power-on self-test (POST) to test the hardware. During POST, the router executes diagnostics to
verify the basic operation of the central processing unit (CPU), memory, and interface circuitry.
2. Finds and loads the Cisco IOS Software that the router uses for its operating system.
3. Finds and loads the configuration file, if one exists. The configuration file contains statements about router-
specific attributes, protocol functions, and interface addresses.

Before you start the router, verify the power and cooling requirements, cabling, and console connection.
Then, push the power switch to "On" and observe both the boot sequence and the Cisco IOS Software
output on the console.

After a router completes POST and loads a Cisco IOS Software image, it looks for a device configuration file in its
nonvolatile random-access memory (NVRAM), known as the startup-config. If the router does not find one, it
executes a question-driven, initial configuration routine that is called "setup." Setup is a prompt-driven program that
allows minimal device configuration. If the router has a startup configuration file in NVRAM, the user EXEC mode
prompt appears.

A router without an existing configuration enters the system configuration dialog.

....System Configuration Dialog....

Continue with configuration dialog? [yes/no]:

A configured router with an existing configuration displays a user EXEC mode prompt.

RouterX con0 is now available

Press RETURN to get started.
RouterX>

If there is a username and/or password configured, you will instead get a prompt to enter credentials.

The setup mode is not intended for entering complex protocol features in the router but rather for bringing up a
minimal configuration. You do not have to use the setup mode; you can use other configuration modes to configure
the router.

The primary purpose of the setup mode is to rapidly bring up a minimal-feature configuration for any router that
cannot find its configuration from some other source. In addition to being able to run the setup mode when the
router boots, you may also initiate it by entering the setup privileged EXEC mode command.
To skip the system configuration dialog and configure the router manually, answer the first question in the system
configuration dialog with no, or press Ctrl-C.

Router setup
....System Configuration Dialog....
Continue with configuration dialog? [yes/no]: no

To verify the router status, use the show version command:

R1 show version
Cisco IOS Software, Linux Software (I86BI_LINUX-ADVENTERPRISEK9-M), Version 15.2(4)M3,
DEVELOPMENT TEST SOFTWARE
Technical Support: http://www.cisco.com/techsupport
Copyright (c) 1986-2013 by Cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Tue 26-Feb-13 19:06 by prod_rel_team

ROM: Bootstrap program is Linux

R1 uptime is 0 minutes
System returned to ROM by reload at 0
System restarted at 03:00:23 CET Wed May 7 2019
System image file is "unix:/iou_root/images/IOL/i86bi_linux-adventerprisek9-ms.152-4.M3"
<... output omitted ...>

To verify the running configuration of the router, use the show running-config command:

R1 show running-config
Building configuration...

Current configuration : 2919 bytes

!
! No configuration change since last restart
version 15.2
service timestamps debug datetime msec
service timestamps log datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname R1
<... output omitted ...>

In which stage does the router load the Cisco IOS Software image?

during POST

during the software initialization stage

while loading the configuration file

immediately after switching on the router

What is the primary purpose of the setup mode on a Cisco router?

to display the current router configuration

to complete hardware and interface testing

to bring up a minimal-feature configuration

to fully configure a Cisco router for IPv4 routing

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