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Óptica y Acústica

FIAD - UABC Ensenada


Onda en una cuerda

https://phet.colorado.edu/sims/html/wave-on-a-string/latest/wave-on-a-string_en.html

Configuración experimental

1. Ajusta el experimento en "Oscillate" (cuadro verde en la esquina superior izquierda).


2. Configúrelo en "No End" (cuadro verde en la esquina superior derecha).
3. Establezca "Amplitude" en 1.0 cm (panel de control inferior).
4. Establezca "Amortiguación" (Damping) en Ninguno (None) (panel de control inferior).
5. Establezca "Tensión" en el ajuste medio (panel de control inferior).
6. Active "Rules" y el "Timer" (panel de control inferior).

Toma en cuenta que los botones "Slow Motion" y "Pause", te ayudarán para responder las
siguientes preguntas (Puedes apoyarte de capturas de pantalla).

1. What is a wavelength in this case? (You can rely on screenshots)


The wavelength is defined as the distance between two successive points of a wave (crest) ,
measured in the direction that wave travels.

2. What is the speed of a wave? Measure the speed of the wave using the settings as they
are. Pause the simulator, start the timer, set it to slow motion, unpause, and let the
wave move a specified number of centimeters. Calculate the speed in cm/s. Measure the
speed three times using different lengths and times and report those three values along
with the average.
𝝀
𝝂=
𝑻

𝑊𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑇𝑖𝑚𝑒𝑠(𝑇) 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑(𝑣)


(𝜆)
3 cm 0.80s 3 𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑚
𝑣= = 3.75
0.80𝑠 𝑠
4 cm 1.04s 4𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑚
𝑣= = 3.84
1.04 𝑠 𝑠
2 cm 0.52s 2 𝑐𝑚 𝑐𝑚
𝑣= = 3.84
0.52𝑠 𝑠
𝑐𝑚
𝑨𝒗𝒆𝒓𝒂𝒈𝒆: 3.81
𝑠

3. Determine how wavelength and frequency are mathematically related. To do this,


complete the following table. Make all measurements using the settings already provided.
Apply changes to the frequency to see how it affects the wavelength. Give wavelength
measurements to the nearest tenth of a centimeter. For very long wavelengths, measure a
half wave and multiply by two.
Frequency (Hz) Wavelength (cm)
3 Hz 1.250 cm
2 Hz 1.8 cm
1.5 Hz 2.450 cm
1 Hz 3.78cm
0.5 Hz 7.2 cm
4. With what you did in this experiment, can you consider a mathematical expression that
relates frequency to speed? (you can research on the internet).

𝜈 =ℷ∗𝑓
𝜈 → 𝑆𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑
𝜆 → 𝑊𝑎𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ
𝑓 → Frequency

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