FUNDAMENTALS OF

GROUP DYNAMICS
Learning Objectives:
1.State the fundamentals of group and
group dynamics
2.Explain the concepts, characteristics
and types of groups
3.Classify group as formal and
informal
GROUP
Is defined as two or more persons engaged in a social
interaction. This implies that each member of a group is aware
of the other members and their influence.
Some psychologist consider this definition too general and
prefer to limit the use of the term group to a collection of
individuals who find their association with one another
rewarding.
Group exist only when the individual members have
developed status and role relationships with respect to one
another. Still others insist the individuals must have a common
goal in orders for them to be considered as a group.
GROUP DYNAMICS
The social process by which people interact in a small group and in a
face-to-face manner. Dynamics comes from the Greek word Dunamis
which means “Force”.

Group Dynamics then refers to the study of the forces operating within a
group.
TYPES OF GROUP
PRIMARY GROUP
Is characterized by intimate face-to-face association
and cooperation among its members. It fundamentally
forms the social nature and ideals of an individual. It
involves sympathy and mutual identification which is a
form of natural expression (San Juan & Centeno, 2011)

Examples: family, childhood

friends,
SECONDARY GROUP
Consist of member who are aware and conscious of
personal relationships, but they do not feel that their
lives are bound with one another except in time of
social crisis.

Examples: employment, vendor-

to-client relationships,
CHARATERISTIC OF A
GROUP
1.Interaction is the Pattern of mutual influence (physical, verbal, non-verbal,
emotional, etc.)
2.Structure stable pattern of relationships.
3. Goals are the reason for existence.
4. Perceived groupness is the extent in which members see themselves as one
(common fate, similarity, proximity).
5. Dynamic interdependency occurs when the members are active, energized,
vibrant, and changing.
6. Motivation focusses on personal needs which-when attained-lead to satisfactio
KINDS OF FORMAL
GROUP
COMMAND GROUPS are specified by the organizational chart
and often composed of a leader and the members who
directly report to him/her.

Examples: Academic department chairman and the faculty

members

TASK GROUPS consist of people who work together to

achieve a common task. Members are brought together to
accomplish a narrow range of goals within a specified time.

Examples: Teams, treatment conferences, and staff

development groups
FUNCTIONAL GROUP are created by an organization to
accomplish specific goals within an unspecified time frame.
They continue to function even after their goals have been
achieved.

Examples: sales and marketing department

KINDS OF INFORMAL
GROUP
Interest group

Ø usually continue over time and may last

longer that general informal groups.

Example: students who come together to form

a study group
Friendship groups
are formed by individuals who enjoy
similar social activities, political belief,
religious values, or other common bonds.
Member enjoy each other’s company.

Example: group of employee, basketball

team
Reference group
are composed of people who are evaluated for social
validation and social comparison. Social validation allows
individuals to justify their attitudes and value while social
comparison helps individuals evaluate their own actions
by comparing themselves with others.

Example: Family, friends, and religious affiliations

20 mins brainstorming
DIMENSION OF DEVELOPMENT:

ENTREPRENEURSHIP
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
•Explain Entrepreneurship
•Recognize The Different Sustainable Entrepreneurial
Activities
•Describe What A Social Entrepreneur Is And Is Not.
ENTREPRENEURSHIP
The key concept is innovation.

The new or different ways of doing things using technology,

marketing, human relations, and management.

An economical and faster method of distributing goods.

The effective and efficient way of managing the business

capacity and equality of an individual towards customer
satisfaction.
ENTREPRENEUR
Someone who think creatively; plans strategically; and projects
clear, realistic, and objective plans.
He or she efficiently organized, manages, and faces the risk in a
business.
Entrepreneur should be:
An administrator A decision-maker

A planner A good follower

A leader

A negotiator

A communicator
SOCIAL ENTREPRENUER
Pioneers of innovations
that benefit humanity.
They are drivers of
change.
ADVANTAGE OF MANAGING
ONE’S OWN BUSINESS
PERSONAL RELATIONSHIP WITH CUSTOMERS AND
EMPLOYEES

FLEXIBILITY IN MANAGEMENT

GOVERNMENT INCENTIVES

KNOWLEDGE OF RECORD-KEEPING TECHNIQUES

INDEPENDENCE
DISADVANTAGE OF MANAGING
ONE’S OWN BUSINESS
DIFFICULTY IN RAISING CAPITAL

RISK OF FAILURE

LIMITED MANAGEMENT SKILLS

LACK OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR EMPLOYEES

RETAILING
Concerned with selling certain goods that usually satisfy potential and existing
customers.

Following services:

1. Storekeeping
2. Pricing
3. Advertising
4. Record-keeping
5. Maintain inventory
COMMON FORMS OF PROFITABLE
ENTREPRENEURIAL VENTURES:
1. Food services
2. Lodging services
3. Financial services
4. Recreation and tourism services
5. Transportation services
6. Personal services
7. Repair and maintenance service
8. Rental service
PLANNING INVOLVES ASKING AND
ANSWERING THE FOLLOWING:
a)What to do
b)How to do
c)When to do
d)What to expect in the future
PLANNING SHOULD ALWAYS BE GEARED TOWARD CUST
SATISFACTION. IT SHOULD BE:

1. Realistic. It must be based on available

human, financial, and physical resources
2. Based on felt needs. The objectives of an
entrepreneur should be based on the
needs of the community
3. Flexible. Planning should adjust to the
trends and consumers’ tastes.
4. Starting with simple projects.
Entrepreneurship Activity:

1. How can social entrepreneurs help in improving the

quality of life of people in a certain society?

2. How can one’s ability as entrepreneur be developed?

20 mins Brainstorming