Standpipe (Fire Hose Reel) System
A standpipe system is defined by NFPA 14 as: “An arrangement of piping, valves, hose
connections and allied equipment installed in a building or structure, with the hose
connections located in such a manner that water can be discharged in streams through
attached hose and nozzles, for the purposes of extinguishing a fire, thereby protecting a
building or structure and its contents in addition to protecting the occupants. This is
accomplished by means of connections to water supply systems or by means of pump tanks
and other equipment necessary to provide an adequate supply of water to the hose
connections (NFPA, 2003).”
Automatic Standpipe System:
A standpipe system that is attached to a water supply capable of supplying the system
demand at all times and that requires no action other than opening a hose valve to provide
water at hose connections.
Combined System:
A standpipe system having piping that supplies both hose connection and automatic sprinkler
system.
High Rise Building: A building more than 75 feet (23 m) in height. Building height shall be
measured from the lowest level of fire department vehicle access to the floor of the highest
occupiable story.
Manual Standpipe System:
A standpipe system that relies exclusively on the fire department connection to supply the
system demand.
Standpipe System Explained
Classes of Standpipe System
Class I System:
Class I Standpipe system shall provide 2-1/2 in (63.5 mm) hose connections to supply water
for use by fire department and hose trained in handling heavy fire streams. Canvas hose is
generally carried by Fire Department.
Class II System:
Class II Standpipe system shall provide 1-1/2 in (38.1 mm) hose stations to supply water for
use primarily by the building occupants or by the fire department during initial response.
Class III System:
Class III Standpipe system shall provide 1-1/2 in (38.1 mm) hose stations to supply water for
use by building occupants and 2-1/2 in (63.5 mm) hose connections to supply a larger volume
of water for use by fire departments and hose trained in handling heavy fire streams.
Standpipe System Explained
Location of Hose Connections
Class I Standpipe system shall be provided 2-1/2 in (63.5 mm) hose connections in the
following locations:
a) At each intermediate landing between floor levels in every required exit stairways.
b) On each side of the wall adjacent to the exit openings of horizontal exits.
c) In each exit passageway at the entrance from the building areas into the passageway.
d) In covered mall buildings, at the exterior to each exit passageway or exit corridor, and at
exterior public entrances to the mall.
Class II systems shall be provided with 1-1/2 in (38.1 mm) hose stations so that all portions
of each floor level of the building are within 130 ft (39.7 m). Distances shall be measured
along a path of travel originating at the hose connections.
Minimum Sizes of Standpipes
a) Class I and Class III standpipes shall be at least 4 in (102 mm) in size.
b) Standpipes that are part of a combined system shall be at least 6 in (152 mm ) in size.
Minimum Pressure for System Design and Sizing of Pipe
Hydraulically designed to provide the required waterflow rate at a minimum residual pressure
of 100 psi (6.9 bar) at the outlet of the hydraulically most remote 2-1/2 in (63.5 mm) hose
connection and 65 psi (4.5 bar) at the outlet of the hydraulically most remote 1-1/2 in (38.1
mm ) hose station.
Maximum Pressure for Hose Connections
Where the residual pressure at 1-1/2 in (38.1 mm) outlet on a hose connection available for
occupant use exceeds 100 psi (6.9 bar), an approved pressure regulating device shall be
provided to limit the residual pressure to 100 psi (6.9 bar).
Minimum Flow Rates
(a) For class I and class III systems, the minimum flow rate for the hydraulically most remote
standpipe shall be 500 gpm (1893 L/min. The minimum flow rate for additional standpipes
shall be 250 gpm ( 946 L/min) per standpipe, with total not to exceed 1250 gpm (4731
L/min).
(b) For a combined system in a building equipped with partial automatic sprinkler protection,
the flow rate required shall be increased by an amount equal to the hydraulically calculated
sprinkler demand or 150 gpm (568 L/min) for light hazard occupancies, or 500 gpm (1893
L/min) for ordinary hazard occupancies, whichever is less.
(c) For class II systems, the minimum flow rate for hydraulically most remote standpipe shall
be 100 gpm (379 L/min). Additional flow shall not be required where more than one
standpipe is provided.
Landing Valve (LV)
Landing Valve. Landing valves are suitable for installation on wet risers in buildings for fire
fighting purposes, permanently charged with water from a pressurized supply. They are
Globe valves that are installed on hydrants, a branch and hose is connected to a coupling on
it.
(a) Size : 2 -1/2 in
(b) Outlet : Female instantaneous to BS 336
(c) Minimum Pressure Required : 65 PSI (4.5 Bar)
(d) Maximum Pressure Allowed at LV : 100 psi (6.9 Bar)
(e) Flow at Landing Valev : 250 GPM
(f) Lanlding Valve K-Factor : 31
Canvas Hose
(a) Size 1-1/2 in for Class II
(b) Size 2-1/2 in for Class I & III
(c) Length of Hose : 30 Mtr
(d) Branch pipe (Nozzle ) : 2-1/2 in male instantaneous connection
(e) Branch pipe postion : OFF / JET / FOG
Standard Fire Hose Reel Cabinet
Components of Fire Hose Cabinet:
1) Fire Hose Reel 25mm dia x 30 Mtr
2) Gate Valve 25 mm
3) PRV 25 mm
4) 9L Water/Gas Type Fire Extinguishers
5) 6 Kg ABC Fire Extinguishers
6) Landing Valve 2-1/2 in
7) Canvas Hose 1-1/2 in x 30 Mtr
