Unit-1 - Contributions Of Notable Leaders

Reading Comprehension
The Voice Of God (Poem)
Words/Meaning, About Poet, Central Idea  and Summary
Words / Meaning
S.NO. Words Meanings
1. Among Amidst
2. Bent Tendency
Climbed (Past tense of
3. Mounted, Went up (Go up)
climb) 
4. Declare To say something clearly or firmly, Announce
5. Dwell To live
The past tense of seek, To search, To want,
6. Sought
Looked for
7. Note Message
8. People Masses, Public
The tallest part of a religious building,
9. Steeple
Minaret
10. Topmost The highest
11 Voice Sound

About Poet
Louis I. Newman (1893-1972)
This Poem is written by Dr. Louis I. Newman. He was a prominent
American poet. He was born in 1983 in Providence Rhode Island
(USA). He studied at Brown University. After his doctorate, he joined a
Columbia University as a lecturer. He is the author of many books on
religious subject. His poem "The Voice of God" shows his religious
attitude. He died in 1972. he poem "The Voice Of God" brings out his
religious bent of mind.

Central Idea OR Message

The message or central idea of the poem "The voice Of God" Written
by Louis I, Newman, is that we should be very friendly and loving to
other people. This is the best way we can follow to please God. God is
happy with that person who takes care and serves mankind. If
someone wants to be close to God, he should not aloof himself from
the people. God live among the people. therefore love to the mankind
is actually the love of God.

Summary
The poet Louis I Newman was desirous to hear the voice of God, so
one day he climbed the tallest part of a religious building. There he
heard the voice of God, who said to him that He dwells among the
people so he should go to there where he can find Him. Message or
theme of the poem is that God loves and lives among the people. This
poem expresses the love and closeness of God to mankind.

Reference to context
Explain With Reference to Context (Poem)

[I sought to hear the voice of God,

And climbed the top most steeple,
But God declared: "Go down again,
I dwell among the people."]

(i) Name the poem and the poet / poetess.

(ii) What does the poet mean to that line " I dwell among the
people"?
(iii) What did God declare?
(iv) What is the message of the poem?
Answers:

(i) Poem: The Voice Of God,

Poet: An American poet Louis . I. Newman

(ii) The poet Lewis I. Newman wanted to hear the voice of God. He
climbed the highest steeple in order to seek the nearness to God
but God told him to go down and mingle among the people. The
experience of ascending the steeple taught the poet a lesson that
 the search of God is hidden in the services of mankind.

(iii) God declared him to go down because He (God) lives among

the people.

(iv) Through the poem “The voice of God”, the poet conveys the
message that God is present everywhere. He (God) is all seeing
and hearing. We may win His (God) happiness by serving our
fellow beings and by putting them at ease.

Words / Meanings:
Steeple: The tallest part of a religious building.

Reference to context:
These lines have been taken from the poem “The Voice of God”
written by Louis I. Newman. In this poem poet says that God is
present everywhere. The best way to serve God is to serve human
being.

Explanation:
In these lines poet says that he wanted to make conversation with
God. In this connection he went up the tower of church. When he
reached at the top of the tower God asked him to go down, because
he (God) lives among the people. The best way to find him is to serve
humanity.
Unit-1 - Contributions Of Notable Leaders
Reading Comprehension
The Voice Of God (Poem)
Questions-Answers and Text Book Exercise

Q.1: Why did author climb to the steeple? OR why did the poet
climb the steeple?
Ans: The poet Louis I Newman was desirous to hear the voice of God,
so one day he climbed the tallest part of a religious building. There he
heard the voice of God, who said to him that He dwells among the
people so he should go to there where he can find Him. Message or
theme of the poem is that God loves and lives among the people. This
poem expresses the love and closeness of God to mankind.
Q.2: Why did God tell him to go down again? OR Why did the
God ask the poet to go down again in the poem "The Voice Of
God"?
God told the poet to go down again because He dwells among the
people. the poet is not aloof from people. So God asked the poet to go
to them and mingle with. To love one's fellowmen is the best way to
win God's love. god loves those people who are caring and loving to
other people. if we want to be close to God, we should love people
and help them.
Q.3: Say in your own words what do you think is the message of
this poem. OR write down the main idea of the poem "The Voice
Of God"?
Ans: Through the poem “The voice of God”, the poet conveys the
message that God is present everywhere. He is all seeing and
hearing. We may win His happiness by serving our fellow beings and
by putting them at ease.
Q.4: “I dwell among the people” what does this line mean
according to the poem” The voice of God”. OR What did the poet
mean to say "I dwell among the people”?
Ans: The poet wanted to hear the voice of God. He climbed the
highest steeple in order to seek the nearness to God but God told him
to go down and mingle among the people. The experience of
ascending the steeple taught the poet a lesson that the search of God
is hidden in the services of mankind.
Q.5: What does the poet want us to do?
Ans: The poet wants us to love and take care of each other. We must
look for God within the humans in order to be close to God, one
should be close to his fellowmen. Service to man is service to God.
 Unit-1 - Contributions Of Notable Leaders
Reading Comprehension
The Voice Of God (Poem)
MCQs and Fill In the Blanks

Q: Choose the appropriate answer for each from the given

options:
1- The poem Voice of God is written by ___________.
a- Louis I. Newman
b- Julia Carney
c- Robert Louis Stevenson
d- Ralph Waldo Emerson

2- Louis I. Newman lectured at:

a- Brown University
b- Columbia University
c- Harvard University
d- Blue Heaven University

3- By profession, Louis I. Newman was a/an:

a- Engineer
b- Lawyer
c- Businessman
d- Lecturer

4- Louis I. Newman was born on ________ year.

a- 1891
b- 1892
c- 1893
d- 1894

5- Louis I. Newman was died on _______ year.

a- 1970
b- 1971
c- 1972
d- 1973
6- Louis I. Newman was died at the age of:
a- 70
b- 79
c- 80
d- 91

7- Louis I. Newman is the author of Many books on __________

subjects.
a- Religious
b- Atheistic
c- English
d- None of these

8- In poem, The Voice of God the word I in first line give us

reference to:
a- Poet
b- God
c- Fellow beings
d- None of these

9- Louis I. Newman completed the degree of __________ from

___________ .
a- Engineering , Columbia university
b- Doctorate , Brown University
c- M.Phil , Harvard university
d- M.A , blue heaven university

10- The message of the poem The Voice of God is:

a- Service to people is worship to God
b- Help needy people
c- Serving the suffering humanity
d- All of these.

11- Sought is the second form of _________.

a- See
b- Seek
c- Search
d- Sight

12- The synonyms of topmost is ________.

a- Bottom
b- Uppermost
c- Ground
d- Nearest

13- ___________ is the topmost part of a religious building.

a- Minaret
b- Tower
c- Steeple
d- Spire

14- The poem The voice of God based on ________ lines.

a- 2
b- 3
c- 4
d- 6

15- In the poem , The voice of God the word I in fourth line give
us reference to:
a- Poet
b- God
c- People’s
d- None of these.

16- I ______ to hear the voice of God,

And climbed the ____________,
But God declared: “ Go ______ again,
I _______ among the people.
a- Sought, topmost steeple, back, dwell
b- Seek, uppermost tower, down , live
c- Sought , topmost steeple , down , live
d- Sought , topmost steeple, down , dwell

17- Louis I. Newman was an inhabitant of:

a- London
b- Providence Rhode Island (USA)
c- New York
d- Holland

More MCQs

1. The poet of the poem "The Voice of God" was ________ .

a. Felicia Dorothea Hemans
b. Anonymous
c. Louis I. Newman
d. Thomas Moore

2. Louis I. Newman was a __________ by profession.

a. Teacher
b. Lecturer
c. Painter
d. Poet

3. The poet had a/an _______ bent of mind.

a. Religious
b. Philosopher
c. Artistic
4. Scholarly

4. Louis I. Newman was a/an _______ poet.

a. English
b. Australian
c. American
d. Scottish

5. Louis I. Newman was born in ____.

a. 1893
b 1972
c. 1894
d. 1973
6. Louis I. Newman was died in ____.
a. 1893
b 1972
c. 1894
d. 1973

7. Louis I. Newman lectured at ____.

a. Oxford
b Washington
c. Wyoming
d. Columbia

8. _______ is the tallest part of a religious building.

a. Minaret
b. Steeple
c. Tower
d. Dome

9. "I ________  to hear the voice of God, And climbed the top
most steeple,"
a. tried
b. managed
c. sought
d. strived

10. "But God declared: Go down again, I _____ among the

people."
a. am present
b. live
c. am found
d. dwell

11. Louis I Newman has written the poem:

a. Speak gently
b. King Bruce and Spider
c. The voice of God
d. The Minstrel Boy
12. The bent of mind of the poet was:
a. religious
b. philosophic
c. artistics
d. scholarly

13. The poet climbed a:

a. mountain
b. tree
c. tower
d. steeple

14. God declared:

a. 'go down again'
b. 'Pray'
c. 'Jump at once'
d. 'stay'

15. God dwells among:

a. stars
b. the people
c. none
d. angels

16. The poem "The voice of God" is a:

a. Philosophical poem
b. historical poem
c. religious poem
d. romantics

17. The poem " The voice of God" teaches to:

a. isolate from the people
b. nothing
c. tie with the people
d. look around
Fill In the Blanks:
1. This poem has written by Louis I. Newman.
2. The poet wanted to hear the voice of God so he climbed
the topmost  steeple.
3. God declared that He  dwells among the people.
4. The dwell means to live.
5. The word steeple means the tower.
6." I dwell among the people". Here the word "I" stands for God.
7. In this poem the poet says that God lives among the people.

“The End”
 Unit-1 - Contributions Of Notable Leaders
Reading Comprehension
The Wise Caliph
Words/Meaning and Summary
Words / Meaning
S.NO. Words Meanings
1.  Afford  Able to buy
2.  Astonish  Amaze
3.  Approach  To come near
4.  Be off  Go away
5.  Beg  Request
6.  Beggar  One who begs
7.  Caliph  A Muslim ruler
8.  Certain  Sure
9.  Claim  Demand
10.  Close  Near
11.  Cling  Stick
12.  Cruelty  Brutality, Ruthlessness
13.  Decision  Resolution
14.  Deserve  Worthy of something
15.  Disguise  Change the appearance, hide
16.  Dismount  Get down, Get off
17.  Dispute  Quarrel
18.  Faithful  Loyal
19.  First-hand  Direct
20.  Forgive  Pardon
21.  Hinted  Suggest or indicate something indirectly
22.  Hurry  Speed up
23.  Injustice  Unfairness
24.  Instead  In place of
25.  Just  Right, correct
26.  Justice  Fairness
27.  Lame  A person who limps
28.  Limp  Walk lamely, Hobble
29.  Lend  Loan, grant to (someone) the use of (something)
30.  Master  Owner
31.  Mention  Inform
32.  Merciful  Kind
33.  Mingle  Mix
34.  Motion  Move, to signal
35.  Noble  Gentle
36.  Noticed  Observed
 Horse noise, A characteristic high whinnying
37.  Neigh
sound made by a horse
38.  Obvious  Clear
39.  Pity The feeling of sorrow, Regret, Sadness
40.  Puzzled  Confused
41.  Pronounce  Declare
42.  Rags  Torn clothes
43.  Readily  Easily
44.  Refuse  Deny
 Guiding straps of a horse, Rope for controlling an
45.  Reins
animal
46.  Respect  Regard
47.  Restore  Reclaim
48.  Rob  Steal
49.  Settle  Solve, End a dispute
50.  Severe  Serious, stern
, Make a nasal sound, Throw out the air violently
51.  Snort
from nose
52.  Swear  Take oath, Assert
53.  Shiver  Tremble
54.  Stiffen  Harden
55.  Utterly  Completely
56.  Well-to-do  Rich
57.  Wicked  Evil-mannered
58.  Wince  Shrink back, Withdraw oneself
59.  Wisdom  Intelligence, Being wise
60.  Wise  Clever

Short note Or Summary on The Wise Caliph

Caliph Haroon-ur-Rasheed was a wise Muslim king of Baghdad. He
was famous for his justice and wisdom. One day Qazi of the city
brought a disputed case before him, which he could not settle.Two
men claimed ownership of a same horse. One man was rich and
the other man was beggar.
Caliph Haroon-ur-Rasheed heard both the rich and the beggar.
The Caliph Haroon-ur-Rasheed asked both of them to touch the
horse, one by one. At first the beggar touched the horse. On his
touch the horse winced, as it did not like his touching. the horse
expressed its pleasure by neighing when the rich man touches it.
The caliph gave his decision that horse belonged to rich man. He
forgave the beggar. The rich man also forgave the beggar and gave
him a handful gold coins.
Reading Comprehension
The Wise Caliph
Reference To Context

1. "I've brought before you a dispute which I could not settle. It

is a difficult case, but I am certain that with your knowledge
and wisdom, you will pronounce a just decision."
(i) Name the speaker and the lesson?
(ii) To whom were these words spoken and why?
(iii) What was the dispute?
Ans:
(i) Lesson: The Wise Caliph
Speaker: The Qazi
(ii) These words were spoken to the Caliph Haroon Rashid. The
Qazi of the city was unable to settle a difficult case and brought it
before the Caliph.
(iii) The dispute was between the rich man and the beggar
because of a horse. Both of them were claiming the ownership of
horse and accusing each other of robbery.

2. "These two men here are fighting over this horse. Each
one of them claims and swears that this horse is his."
(i) Name the speaker and the lesson and To whom were
these words spoken?
(ii) Who was the real owner of horse?
(iii) How was it discovered that who is the real owner of the
horse?
Ans:
(i) Lesson: The Wise Caliph
Speaker: The Qazi
These words were spoken to the Caliph Haroon Rashid.
(ii) The Rich man was the real owner of the horse.
(iii) The Caliph, being wise, settled the dispute in a minute. He
ordered both the men to touch the horse. When the beggar
touched the horse, it showed the displeasure by wincing. But
when the rich man touched the horse, It neighed and snorted
with pleasure. In this manner the case was decided and the
Caliph was able to prove that the rich man was real owner and
the beggar was a liar and wicked man.

3. "I pulled the reins of my horse. He begged me to give him

a ride up to the city gate. He was lame. I felt sorry for him.
So I pulled him up behind me on the horse."
(i) Name the speaker and the lesson?
(ii) When did the speaker says these words?
(iii) Where were these words spoken?
(iv) Who begged for a ride?
Ans: 
(i) Lesson: The Wise Caliph
Speaker: The Rich man
(ii) When the rich man told about the beggar to the caliph that
how he begged for a ride to a city gate.
(iii) These words were spoken in the court of Caliph Haroon
Rashid.
(iv) A lame beggar in a rag begged for a ride.

4. "Now, be off and don't you mention it to anyone. And

even if you do, nobody is going to believe you. Now, Sir I
beg you to save me from this robber and restore to me what
is my own."
(i) Name the speaker and the lesson and correct English
Text Book name from which has this extract been taken?
(ii) To whom were these words spoken and why?
(iii) To whom speaker called a robber and why nobody
believe on speaker?
Ans:
(i) Lesson: The Wise Caliph
Speaker: The Beggar
Text Book Name: Secondary Stage English Book 2 For Class X
(ii) These words were spoken to the Caliph Haroon Rashid in the
court by the beggar, when he was lying to accused the rich man
and claiming false ownership of a horse.
(iii) Beggar called a rich man a robber and  he lied that rich man
told him that no body believe him that he was a owner of a
horse, which is true.

5."I think this case is not very difficult to decide, I shall

decide it in a minute. Tell these men to place their hands on
the horse, one by one. Let the beggar do it first."
(i) Name the speaker and the lesson?
(ii) Who was the next man to place his hands on the horse?
(iii) Where were these words spoken?
 Ans:
(i) Lesson: The Wise Caliph
Speaker: The Caliph Haroon Rashid
(ii) The rich man was the next person to place his hands on the
horse.
(iii) The Caliph Haroon Rashid said these words to Qazi in his
court to settle dispute between the rich man and the beggar on
the horse.

6. "You are a liar and a wicked man. You tried to rob an

honest and respectable citizen. You deserve severe
punishment, but I shall be merciful and forgive you this
time, if you, beg forgiveness of this gentleman here."
(i) Name the speaker and the lesson?
(ii) To whom were these words spoken and why?
(iii) Who was liar and how it was proved?
Ans:
(i) Lesson: The Wise Caliph
Speaker: The Caliph Haroon Rashid
(ii) The Caliph Haroon Rashid said these words to beggar in his
court when he proved and declared his decision that the rich
man owned the horse.
(iii) A lame beggar was a liar because when he touched the
horse, it winced as it did not like the touched of his hand.
 Unit-1 - Contributions Of Notable Leaders
Reading Comprehension
The Wise Caliph
Question / Answers

Q.1:  What was caliph Haroon-ur-Rashid known and

respected for? 
Ans. Caliph Haroon-ur-Rashid has been a great ruler and well
wisher of his people. He was known and respected for his
wisdom and justice. The Caliph was a very wise and intelligent
person. He provided social justice and peace to all subjects of
his country. He loved and had a good concerned for their living.

Q.2: Why did he go through the streets of Baghdad? OR

Why did the Caliph disguise himself?
Ans. At night, the Caliph would disguise himself  as a common
man and go through the streets of Baghdad.  He would mingle
with the common people in order to gain first-hand knowledge of
their difficulties and problems. He believed that by doing so, he
can help poor and needy people. He really wanted his people to
live a trouble free life.

Q.3: What did the Qazi say to the Caliph?

Ans. The Qazi approached to the Caliph and said, "O Leader of
the faithfuls, I have brought before you a dispute which I have
not been able to settle. It is a difficult case, but I am certain that
with your knowledge and wisdom, you will be able to resolve in a
just and fair manner."

Q.4: What was the dispute between the rich man and
beggar?
Ans. The dispute between the rich man and the beggar was over
a beautiful horse. The rich man had given a ride to the beggar as
an act of sympathy. But on reaching the city-gate the beggar
refused to get down from the horse claiming that the horse
belonging to him. So the beautiful white horse became the bone
of contention between the two.

Q.5: What did the rich man tell the Caliph?

Ans. The rich man told the Caliph that he was riding towards the
city. On his way he saw a beggar, who was limping and asked
for a ride up to city-gate. he had pity on him and gave him  the
ride. Afterwards the beggar refused to get down from the horse
after reaching the city gate and claimed that such a fine  horse
should not belong to a beggar.

Q.6: What did the beggar tell the Caliph?  OR  How did the
beggar try to rob the rich man of his horse?
Ans: The beggar was a poor and lame person. He tried to take
advantage of his physical condition. He told a wonderful fake
story to impress the Caliph and others present in a court. He told
that he was in rags because he had spent all his money on the
horse. while he was riding to the city-gate he gave lift to the rich
man because he was in hurry but after reaching at city-gate the
rich man refused to dismount and start claiming that the horse
belonged to him.

Q.7: Why did the beggar refuse to go down the horse?

Ans. The beggar refused to get down the horse because he
wanted to rob (snatch) the horse of rich man . He also fabricated
a false story to claim his ownership.

Q.8: How did the Caliph prove that the beggar was a liar?
OR how did the Caliph discover/find the real owner of
horse?
Ans. As per order of the Caliph, When the beggar touched the
horse first, it winced as if it did not like the touch of his hand. But
when the rich man touched, the horse snorted and neighed with
pleasure. In this way the Caliph discovered the real owner of the
horse and proved that the beggar and he was a liar.

Q.9: What did the horse do when the rich man touched it?
OR What was the reaction of horse when the rich man
touched it?
Ans. When the rich man touched the horse it neighed and
snorted with pleasure and calm and comfortable. This reaction of
the horse proved that it was the hand of his real master.

Q.10: What did the Caliph say to the beggar after the
settlement of dispute? OR What was the decision given by
the Caliph?
Ans. The Caliph pronounced the beggar that he was a lair and
wicked man because he wanted to rob honest and a respectable
citizen. According to the caliph, the beggar deserved punishment
but could be forgiven if he begged forgiveness of the rich man..
Afterwards the rich man forgave him.

Q.11: What did the rich man do in the end? OR What was the
noble action of the rich man which pleased every body in
the court of the caliph? OR What did the rich man do in the
court after the settlement of case?
Ans:  The rich man being generous and kind immediately
forgave the beggar for his cheating. He also gave him a handful
of coins thinking that he was very poor. This noble act of the rich
man pleased everybody in the court.

Q.12: What do you know about Caliph Haroon Rashid?

Ans: Caliph Haroon-ur-Rashid was a famous Muslim ruler. He
was the Caliph of Baghdad. He was a justice ruler. He was also
wise and intelligent. He was great scholar of his time. He was a
great patron of learning. he roamed about the street of Baghdad
in order to gain firsthand knowledge about the problems of
 masses so he could help them effectively.

Q.13: How did the Caliph behave with the beggar in the end?
Ans: Though it was clearly prove that the beggar was a liar and
the culprit, yet the Caliph did not punish him. He felt sorry for him
and warned him not to repeat such wicked act in future. His
behavior towards beggar was humble and polite. He further
advised him not to repeat such evil act in future.

Q.14: What did the horse do when the beggar touched it?
Ans: When the beggar touched the horse, it winced as if it did
not like the touch of his hand.

Q.15: How can we say that the Caliph was very wise in
pronouncing the judgement?
Ans: The Caliph was very wise in pronouncing the judgement
because he was gifted with wisdom. The Caliph knew that the
horse is a very faithful animal and loves its master. He used
these characteristics of horses to pronounce the judgement.

Q.16: What did the Caliph say to the Qazi after hearing of the
both?
Ans: After hearing of the both, the Caliph said to the Qazi, "I
think this case is not very difficult to solve. It can be decided in a
minute. Tell these men to place their hands on the horse, one by
one. Let the beggar do it first."

TEXT BOOK EXERCISE

Pre-reading
1. What are the some qualities of a good person?
Ans: The some qualities of a good person are:

1. They are honest

2. They are humble
3. Always speak truth
4. Help others
5. Forgive other mistakes easily
6. They have good manners
7. They are generous
8. Have positive attitude
9. Loyal

2. What are some characteristics of a bad person?

Ans: Some characteristics of a bad person are:

1. They are dishonest

2. They are arrogant
3. Always tell a lie
4. Selfish
5. Hurt others
6. Greedy
7. They are back biter
8. Have negative attitude
9. Disloyal

3. Should people who do bad things always be punished? If 'yes',

why? If 'no', why not?
Ans: Depends on the nature of act a person should be punished or
not.
If answer is yes:
People who do bad things should always be punished, if they do not
leave their bad habit after warning and keep continuing it. To stop
them, they have to punish.

If answer is no:
People who do bad things should not always be punished. If they
ashamed on their deed thn they should not be punished but give them
a chance to improve themself and appreciate them if they leave their
bad habit.
EXERCISE 1
Read the story and answer the following questions in your note
book.
a) How many main characters are there in the story?
Ans: There are four main characters in the story.

b) Who are they?

Ans: These charachters are:

 Caliph of Haroon Rasheed of Baghdad

 Qazi of the city
 Rich man who owned beautiful horse and
 Limp beggar who wrongly claimed the horse

c) Who got the horse?

Ans: The rich mangot the horse. He was the real master or
owner of the horse.

d) Was the person who wrongly claimed the horse

punished?
Ans: No, The caliph and the rich man forgave the beggar, even
the rich man gave handful of gold coins to him.

The Wise Caliph

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Caliph _____ ur Rasheed was known and respected for his

justice.
a. Mamoon
b. Haroon
c. Abdul
d. Furqan
2. At night, he would _______ himself as a common man and go
through the streets of Baghdad.
a. Show
b. dress
c. disguise
d. make

3. He would mingle with the common people in order to gain first-

hand ________ of their difficulties and problems.
a. information
b. knowledge
c. report
d. details

4. The Qazi told the Caliph that he had brought before him a
dispute which he could not _____.
a. decide
b. understand
c. settle
d. pronounce

5. The two men were fighting over a _______.

a. dog
b. horse
c. camel
d. petty things

6. The rich man gave a ride to the beggar out of pity because he
was ______.
a. old
b. poor
c. lame
d. weak

7. The beggar told the Caliph that he could _______ that the
horse belonged to him.
a. confirm
b. prove
c. convince
d. swear

8. The beggar a;so told the Caliph whatever money he had, he

_______ on the horse.
a. wasted
b. spent
c. put
d. used

9. The beggar also said that he was _____ because of the horse.
a. poor
b. in rags
c. paper
d. in debt

10. The Caliph said to the Qazi, "I think this case is not very
______ to decide."
a. complicated
b. problematic
c. difficult
d. hard

11. The Caliph told both the men to place their _____ on the
horse, one by one.
a. sticks
b. hands
c. clothes
d. legs

12. The horse _____ When the beggar touched the horse.
a. winced
b. snorted
c. danced
d. cried
13. The horse ______ and neighed with pleasure when the rich
man touched the horse.
a. winced
b. snorted
c. danced
d. cried

14. The Caliph told the beggar that he was a ______ and a wicked
man.
a. liar
b. fool
c. cheater
d. fraud

15. The Caliph told the beggar that he tried to rob an honest and
______ man.
a. dignified
b. good
c. worthy
d. respectable

16. The Caliph told the beggar that he deserved severe _______.

a. penalty
b. fine
c. punishment
d. sentence

17. The Caliph asked the beggar to beg _____ of the gentleman.
a. pardon
b. forgiveness
c. excuse
d. favor

18. The rich man readily ____ the beggar.

a. pardoned
b. excused
c. condoned
d. forgave

19. The rich man also gave the beggar a handful of _____.
a. gold coins
b. currency
c. gold
d. money

20. The noble action of the rich man _______ everybody in the
court.
a. pleased
b. influenced
c. gladdened
d. cheered

Fill In the Blanks:

1. The Caliph Haroon Rashid known and respected for
his Justice and Wisdom.
2. At night he would disguise himself as a common man
and  go through the street of Baghdad.
3. He would mingle with the people in order to get irst hand
knowledge about them.
4. There was a dispute between two persons over a white
horse.
5. This horse actually belonged to the rich man and not to
the beggar.
6. The rich man readily forgave the beggar.
7. He also gave him a handful of gold coins.
8. When the beggar touched the horse it winced.
9. But at the touched of the rich man's hand the
horse snorted and neighed with pleasure.
10. The beggar was a liar and a wicked man.
11. The Caliph ordered the beggar to apologize to the rich
man.
 Unit-2 - Labours And People's Right
Reading Comprehension
Dignity Of Work
Words Meaning and Summary
Words / Meaning
10.
S.NO. Words Meanings
 Embarrassed or guilty because of one's actions,
 1.  Ashamed
abashed, Feeling shame 
 2.  Advanced  Progressive
 3.  Charity  Generosity
 4.  Companion  Friend
 5.  Corn  Cereal
 6.  Cross  In a bad mood, Angry
 7.  Cupboard  Shelved cabinet
 8.  Customer  Client
 9.  Deliver  Distribute
 10.  Dignity  Respect, Prestige
 11.  Ditch  Trench
 12.  Dustbin  Metal containing for rubbish
 13.  Empty  Vacant
 14.  Example  For instance, sample
 15.  Favourite  Specially liked, Preferences, Dearest, Popular
 16.  Fetched  Went for and brought back, to go and bring
 17.  Forget  Not remember
 18.  Ground  Make powder
 19.  Human beings   Mankind
 20.  Labour  Hard work
 21.  Mended  Repair
 22.  Mud  Clay
 23.  Needy  Poor
 24.  Neighbour  One who lives close
 25.  Noble  Pious
 26.  Odd  Strange
 27.  Official  Government officers
 28.  Progress  Advancement
 29.  Quietly  Silently
 30.  Repaired  Past tense of repair, mended
 31.  Sack  Bag
 32.  Social  Friendly
 33.  Service  Work
 34.  Swept  Past tense pf sweep, To clean, Broom
 35.  Transcribe  Write
 36.  Treat  Behave towards somebody
 37.  Trench  Ditch
 38.  Untidy  Dirty
 39.  Wages  Salary
 40.  Widow  A woman whose husband is dead

Short note Or Summary on DIGNITY OF WORK

One day Akhtar came late from the school and he was in angry
mood. When mother inquired of him, he did not answer. At the
lunch time his uncle Mr. Inayat came to visit them. At the inquiry
of his uncle, he explained that, social work week was being
observed in his school and his teacher asked him to do inferior
work. Mr. Inayat asked him whether their teacher did any work.
He told him that his class teacher swept the class room and
Head Master cleaned the bath room. Mr. Inayat told him that
when his teacher had not felt insulted by doing inferior work, he
should not have any cause for grumbling. Then he gave the
example of the Holy Prophet (peace by upon him) who felt pride
in doing work with his own blessed hands. He further told him
that his companion were also liked him and followed him. Hazrat
Abu Bakar worked for widows and old neighbor. Hazrat Omar
 and Hazrat Ali did labour work. Hazrat Fatima did house hold
work with her own hands. Caliph Omar bin Abdul Aziz refused to
hire a servant to help his wife. Sultan Nasir-uddin earned his
living by making caps and Emperor Aurangzeb by transcribing
Holy Quran. Their uncle also told them that in China and
America people do not feel shame in doing inferior work. Even
high officials do so. After hearing such things Akhtar also
realized his mistake and promised that he would not feel shame
in doing work with his own hands in the future.

Unit-2 - Labours And People's Right

Dignity Of Work
Reference To Context
1. “Is it a matter of shame to clean what we ourselves make dirty?
(i) Name the lesson and the speaker.
(ii) To whom were these words spoken? and why?
(iii) What did the speaker tell the children?
Ans:
(i) Lesson: Dignity Of Work
Speaker: Uncle Inayat
(ii) Mr. Inayat spoke these words to Akhtar because Akhtar was cross 
when he came to home as his teacher had made him dust the cupboard
and the desks.
(iii) Mr. Inayat was children's favourite uncle. He had visited many parts of
the world and always told them interesting things. But on that particular
day, he told the children about the importance of dignity of work with our
own hands.

2."Then we should treat them as we treat ourselves and should

always be ready to do ourselves what we ask them to do for us."
(i) Name the lesson and the speaker.
(ii) To whom were these words spoken? and why?
(iii) What reason did the listener give to speaker for not doing work
with his /her hands?
Ans:
(i) Lesson: Dignity Of Work
Speaker: Uncle Inayat
(ii) Mr. Inayat spoke these words to Akhtar because Akhtar came to home
as his teacher had made him dust the cupboard and the desks.
(iii) The reason Akhter told his uncle was that they were having the Social
Service week at school and they had to do work of servants and gardeners,
which he did not like.

3. "But this is because we have forgotten the noble example of our

Holy Prophet (Peace be upon him). He would never ask anyone to do
anything, which he himself would not do. He loved doing work for
himself and for others with his own hands."
(i) Name the lesson and the speaker.
(ii) To whom were these words spoken? and why?
(iii) Why did the Holy Prophet (Peace be upon him) love to work with his
own hands? Or What lesson do we get from the life of the Holy Prophet
(Peace be upon him)?
Ans:
(i) Lesson: Dignity Of Work
Speaker: Uncle Inayat
(ii) Mr. Inayat spoke these words to Akhtar and Rukhsana to show the
importance of dignity of work with our own hands.
(iii) Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) was a wonderful example of dignity of work. He
loved to do the work for himself and for others with his own hands. He
would never ask anyone to do anything, which he himself would not do. He
never felt shy in repairing and mending his shoes, washing clothes and
sweeping room. He actively took part in the construction of Mosque, at
Medina and proudly joined his companions in digging ditch outside the
Medina.
4. "Were his companions not like him uncle?"
(i) Name the lesson and the speaker.
(ii) To whom were these words spoken? and why?
(iii) What did the listener reply?
(iv) What did the companion of our Holy Prophet (peace be upon him)
do to establish the examples of dignity of work?
Ans:
(i) Lesson: Dignity Of Work
Speaker: Rukhsana
(ii) Rukhsana asked this question to his uncle because she admitting the
importance of dignity of work by asking the noble example of the
companion of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him.
(iii) Yes, the companions of Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) were like him. They
always followed what the Prophet (peace be upon him) said or did, and
loved doing work with their hands. The Holy Prophet (peace be upon him)
would never ask anyone to do anything, which he himself would not do.
(iv) Hazrat Abu Bakar not only did his own work but also fetched water for
widows and neighbors who were very old and had no one to work for them.
Hazrat Omar once carried on his shoulders a large sack of flour for a needy
family. Hazrat Ali labored in the garden of a Jew and gave away his wages
in charity. Hazrat Fatima fetched water, ground corn and swept the house.

5."O, no! It happens in the advanced countries even . They have

learned the dignity of work while we have forgotten it."
(i) Name the lesson and the speaker.
(ii) To whom were these words spoken? 
(iii) What is meant by dignity of work and who has forgotten it?
(iv) Write about any one advance country who has established
the example of dignity of work? 
Ans:
(i) Lesson: Dignity Of Work
Speaker: Uncle Inayat
(ii) Uncle Inayat told this to Akhtar and Rukhsana to show the
importance of dignity of work with our own hands.
(iii) Dignity of work means importance and value of certain form of
work. One should never feel shy in doing work. In fact, we must be
proud of performing various duties for collective benefits. Muslims
has forgotten the dignity of work.
(iv) In China, everyone has to spend some time each year working in
the fields or in a factory. Even the Prime Minister and his wife do this
work. They have learnt the dignity of work and believe that all ought
to work and, no wonder, they are making such quick progress.

6. "But uncle, all these are the stories of the past."

(i) Name the lesson and the speaker and the person spoken to?
(ii) What did his uncle reply?
(iii) Why the speaker was cross?
Ans:
(i) Lesson: Dignity Of Work
Speaker: Uncle Inayat
Listener: Akhtar and uncle Inayat
(ii) His Uncle replied surprisingly and told them that It has happened
in the advanced countries even . They have learned the dignity of
work while we have forgotten it.
(iii) Akhter was having the Social Service week at school and all boys
of the class had to do work of servants and gardeners. He was cross
because the teacher made him dust the cupboard and the desks.
Unit-2 - Labours And People's Right
Reading Comprehension
Dignity Of Work
Questions-Answers and Text Book Exercise
Questions-Answers
Q.1: Why did Akhter not answer his mother?
Ans: Akhter, being stubborn did not answer his mother. He was
feeling cross and angry because he was made to do the work of
servants and gardeners with his own hands.

Q.2: What did Mr. Inayat tell the children?

Ans: Mr. Inayat was children's favorite uncle. He had been to many
countries and always told them interesting things. But on that
particular day, he told the children about the importance of dignity of
work with our own hands.

Q.3: What reason did Akhter give to his uncle for being cross?
Ans: Akhter told his uncle that they were having the social service
week at school, so they all had to do work of servants and gardeners.
He was cross because the teacher made him dust the cupboard and
the desks.

Q.4: What did the teacher do himself?

Ans: The teacher swept the room and emptied the dustbin. The head
master also took part in the activities by cleaning bathroom.

Q.5: What did the Holy Prophet (‫ )صلی ہللا علیہ والہ وسلم‬love? What
work did he do? OR How did our Holy Prophet (‫)صلی ہللا علیہ والہ وسلم‬
set the examples of dignity of work? OR What lesson do we get
from the life of Holy Prophet (‫ )صلی ہللا علیہ والہ وسلم‬about the dignity
of work? OR What do we learn from the life of the Holy Prophet (
‫?)صلی ہللا علیہ والہ وسلم‬
Ans: Holy Prophet (‫ )صلی ہللا علیہ والہ وسلم‬was a noble example of dignity
of work. He (‫ )صلی ہللا علیہ والہ وسلم‬would never ask anyone to do
anything, that he (‫ )صلی ہللا علیہ والہ وسلم‬himself would not do. He ( ‫صلی ہللا‬
‫ )علیہ والہ وسلم‬loved doing work for himself and for others. He ( ‫صلی ہللا‬
‫ )علیہ والہ وسلم‬repaired his own shoes, mended and washed his clothes
and swept his room. When the mosque was being built in Medina, He
(‫ )صلی ہللا علیہ والہ وسلم‬carried mud and building material, just like all
others. During the battle of Khandaq, He (‫ )صلی ہللا علیہ والہ وسلم‬joined
his companions in digging the trench outside Medina.

Q.6: Were the companions of Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) like Him?

Ans: Yes, the companions of Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H) were like him.
They always followed what the Prophet (peace be upon him) said or
did, and loved doing work with their hands. The Holy Prophet (peace
be upon him) would never ask anyone to do anything, which he
himself would not do.

Q.7: What did Hazrat Abu Bakar (‫ )رضی ہللا تعالی عنہ‬do? 
Ans: Hazrat Abu Bakar (‫ )رضی ہللا تعالی عنہ‬was the founder of Caliphate-
hood. Following of footsteps of Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H), Hazrat Abu
Bakar (‫ )رضی] ہللا تعالی عنہ‬not only did his own work but also fetched
water for widows and neighbours, who were very old and had no one
to work for them.

Q.8: What did Hazrat Fatima (‫)رضی ہللا تعالی عنہ‬ do?

Ans: Hazrat Fatima (‫)رضی ہللا تعالی عنہ‬  did all her house work herself.
She fetched water, ground corn and swept the house.

Q.9: How did Sultan Nasir uddin earn his living?

Ans: Sultan Nasir-uddin was a very pious Emperor of Muslims. He
earned his living by making caps.

Q.10: What does everyone do in China? OR How has China able

to make such a rapid growth in every walk of life?
Ans: In China, everyone has to spend sometime each year working in
the fields or in a factory. Even the Prime Minister and his wife do this
work. They have learnt the dignity of work and believe that all ought
to work, hence, no wonder, they are making such quick progress.

Q.11: What was going on at Akhtar's school? In what way did he

participate?
Ans: It was an event of Social Service week at school. Akhtar
participated by dusting the cupboards and the desks.

Q.12: How did the different or famous Muslims rulers set the
examples of dignity of work?
Ans: Hazrat Abu Bakar (‫ )رضی ہللا تعالی عنہ‬not only did his own work but
also fetched water for widows and neighbours who were very old and
had no one to do the work for them. Once, Hazrat Umar ( ‫رضی] ہللا تعالی‬
‫ )عنہ‬carried a large sack of flour for a needy family on his shoulder.
Hazrat Ali (‫ )رضی ہللا تعالی عنہ‬laboured in the garden of a jew and gave
away his wages in charity. Calip Umar Bin Abdul Aziz refused to hire
a servent to help his wife. Caliph Mamun-ur-Rashid served himself
and his guests. Sultan Nasir-ud-Din earned his living by making caps
and Emperor Auranzeb by transcribing the Holy Quran.

Q.13: What do you understand by"dignity of work"?

Ans: Dignity of work means importance and value of certain form of
work. One should never feel shy in doing work. In fact, we must be
proud of performing various duties for collective benefits.

Q.14: How did the Emperor Aurangzeb earn his living?

Ans: The Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb earned his living by
transcribing the holy Quran.

Q.15: What did the companion of our Holy Prophet (peace be

upon him) do to establish the examples of dignity of work? OR
How did our Holy Prophet and his companions set the examples
of dignity of work?
Ans: The Holy Prophet (‫ )صلی ہللا علیہ والہ وسلم‬would never ask anyone to
do anything, that he (‫ )صلی ہللا علیہ والہ وسلم‬himself would not do. He (
 ‫ )صلی ہللا علیہ والہ وسلم‬loved doing work for himself and for others. The
companion of our Holy Prophet (peace be upon him) always followed
what the Prophet (peace be upon him) said or did. Hazrat Abu Bakar
(‫ )رضی ہللا تعالی عنہ‬not only did his own work but also fetched water for
widows and neighbours who were very old and had no one to do the
work for them. Once, Hazrat Umar (‫ )رضی] ہللا تعالی عنہ‬carried a large
sack of flour for a needy family on his shoulder. Hazrat Ali ( ‫رضی ہللا‬
‫ )تعالی عنہ‬laboured in the garden of a jew and gave away his wages in
charity. Hazrat Fatima (‫ )رضی ہللا تعالی عنہ‬fetched water, ground corn
and swept the house.

Q.16: Why did Hazrat Ali (‫ )رضی ہللا تعالی عنہ‬work in the garden of a
Jew? What did he do with his wages?
Ans: To Earn a living, Hazrat Ali (‫ )رضی ہللا تعالی عنہ‬laboured in the
garden of a jew . He would give away his wages in charity what he
would get there.

Q.17: What did the teacher and headmaster do?

Ans: The teacher swept the room and emptied the dustbin. The
headmaster cleaned the bathroom.

Q.18: How did Mr. Inayat convince Akhtar not to mind working
with his own hands in future?
Ans: Mr. Inayat convinced Akhtar not to mind working with his own
hands in future by giving, noble examples from Islamic history and
developing countries.

TEXT BOOK EXERCISE

UNIT 2.1
READING COMPREHENSION
PRE-READING

EXERCISE 1
What do you think is the central idea of the text? From the
options given below tick the correct answer:
a. One should be ashamed of doing work
b. One should be worried when asked to do work
c. One should have respect for all people who work. ✔

EXERCISE 2
Match column A words with their corresponding meaning in
column B and write the answer in column C. The first one has
been done as an example.
S.NO. COLUMN A COLUMN B COLUMN C
1.  Cross  a) A leading business man c
2.  Fetch  b) Of low value d
3.  Transcribe  c) angry f
4.  Tycoon  d) Bring something for some one a
5.  Precisely  e) Provide reason for doing better i
6.  Inspiring  f) Put in written form  h
7.  Celebrities  g) Not treating everyone equally j
8.  Motivating  h) Affecting deeply / uplifting e
9.  Menial  i) Exactly b
10.  Discrimination  j) Famous person  g

EXERCISE 3
Read the text and find who did the following jobs. After
completing, compare your answers with your partner.
S.NO. TASK PERSONALITY
Hazrat Abu Bakar (‫رضی ہللا تعالی‬
1.  Fetched water for old people
‫)عنہ‬
2.  Carried flour for someone Hazrat Omar (‫)رضی ہللا تعالی عنہ‬
3.  Swept the house Hazrat Fatima (‫)رضی ہللا تعالی عنہ‬
4.  Made caps for a living Sultan Nasir-Ud-Din
5.  Served food to his guests Caliph Mamun Ur Rashid
Holy Prophet (‫صلی ہللا علیہ والہ‬
6.  Repaired his shoes
‫)وسلم‬
7.  Transcribed the Holy Quran Emperor Aurangzeb
 8.  Worked in the garden of a Jew Hazrat Ali (‫)رضی ہللا تعالی عنہ‬
Holy Prophet (‫صلی ہللا علیہ والہ‬
9.  Carried mud and building material
‫)وسلم‬
Holy Prophet (‫صلی ہللا علیہ والہ‬
10.  Mended and washed his clothes
‫)وسلم‬

EXERCISE 4
Read the text book and circle the right option to fill the blanks in
the following sentences. After doing the exercise, compare your
answers with your partner.
1. Akhtar was _____ because he was asked to clean cupboards
and desks.
a. happy
b. upset
c. angry ✔
d. none of these

2. The head master did menial work, which made Akhtar feel
_____.
a. Excited
b. sad
c. ashamed ✔
d. worried

3. At the time of battle of ____, our Last Prophet Hazrat

Muhammad (‫ )رسول ہللا خاتم النبیین صلی ہللا علیہ وعلی الہ واصحابہ وسلم‬took part
in digging a trench.
a. Uhad
b. Badar
c. Khandaq ✔
d. Tabooq

4. Sultan Nasir Uddin earned his living by making ______.

a. Caps ✔
b. pots
c. armours
d. jewellery

5. A business tycoon did not have any ______ for work.

a. Plumber
b. carpenter
c. servant ✔
d. chef

6. Developed countries ______ the dignity of work.

a. Plan
b. request
c. understand ✔
d. explain

7. In China it is mandatory for everyone to work in the field or in a

______.
a. School
b. factory ✔
c. restaurant
d. government office

8. The son of a high US government official used to deliver news

papers to be _______.
a. Useful
b. independent ✔
c. dependent
d. punctual

9. Successful people believe that people who do all kinds of jobs

should be treated _____.
a. Neutrally
b. unequally ✔
c. equally
d. none of these
10. Akhter realized that all workers should be respected without
______.
a. Discrimination ✔
b. manipulation
c. supervision
d. administration

EXERCISE 5
Read the text and mark the statements as true or false. After
completing, compare your answers with your partner and make
corrections where needed.
S.NO. STATEMENTS TRUE FALSE
1.  Akhtar returned home from school a little late T -
 The head master of the school cleaned the
2. T -
bathrooms .
3.  The teacher did not do any work. - F
 There was a social gathering of servants and
4. T -
gardeners in the school.
 People in developed countries normally do their
5. T -
own work.
 The president’s son used to paint the walls in a
6. - F
hostel.
 The Chinese believe that everyone should do all
7. T -
kinds of work.
 Uncle Inayat read the story of a famous business
8. T -
man in newspaper
 Respect for all honest work is the slogan of
9. - F
Rukhsana
 In the present time, it is expected that people
10. T -
doing all kinds of jobs are equal.
 Unit-3 - Practicing Positive Work Ethics
Reading Comprehension
King Bruce And The Spider (Poem)
English For Class X
Words/Meaning
S.NO. Words Meanings
1.  Braced his mind  Determined, Decided
2.  Bravo  Well done
3.  Clue  A thread (according to the poem)
4.  Ceiling  Lower roof
 Fine network of single thread made by a
5.  Cobweb
spider, Spider's home
6.  Crown  King's head-wear
7.  Deed  Action
8.  Delicate thread  Of fine texture
9.  Despair  Disappointment, Hopelessness
10.  In a low despair  Downhearted, Discourage
11.  To divine  Of God
 Giddy, Having a feeling that everything is
12.  Dizzy
turning round
13.  Dome  Rounded roof
 Down in came with the  Came slipping down along the wall and
14.
slippery sprawl hung in an awkward position
15.  Endeavour  An attempt
16.  Entirely  Completely
17.  Fine  Delicate
 To throw oneself violently on a bed or on
18.  To fling oneself down
the floor, Fall down.
19.  Glad  Happy
20.  Grieved  Sad
21.  Gossips tell the tale  People talk about it
22.  Head grew steady  Came to its senses, gained balanced
 (according to poem)
23.  The last pinch  The last little bit of distance
24.  Lonely  Alone
25.  Monarch  King
26.  To mount  To Climb, Ascend
 His own home, (In this poem) the spider's
27.  Native cot
web
28.  Ponder  Think
29.  Pondered  Thought
30.  Sink  Go into water
31.  To strive  To struggle, to try hard
32.  Utter  To speak
33.  To toil  To work hard, Labour
34.  Tread  To walk
35.  To tumble  To fall over
36.  Utter  Say
37.  Verses  Poems
38.  Wear  To put on
39.  Wretched  Sad

About Poetess
Eliza Cook (1818-1889)
This poem is written by Eliza Cook (1818-1889). Born in London she
was the youngest of eleven children. She was entirely self-educated
and wrote verses from the age of fourteen. Her first volume being
published at seventeen. In 1849, she edited and published "Eliza
Cook's Journal." Her work is simple and highly moral. In this poem,
she teaches the reader what she always practiced in her own life: to
keep on trying and never to be discouraged.
 Central Idea
Reference
This poem is written by Eliza cook (1818-1889). 

Central Idea

The central idea of this poem is that we should cultivate a strong will –
power and a hopeful attitude to life, be bold through thick and thin,
Almighty creator will surely help us if we adopt such a coarse. As it is
also said, “The world is his who has patience and industry.”

Theme
“Where there is a will, there is a way.”
OR
“The world is his who has patients and industry.”

Summary
 The poetess has expressed the true sense of life in this poem.
Solution to the problems of life and key to the success are being
preached in this poem in a dramatic style. This poem tells the story of
the king Bruce of Scotland. Once he was defeated by the English
men. He took refuge in a cave. Due to his repeated failures, he was
very grieve. King Bruce mentally accepted his defeat from the English
men. One day, he was pondering at the point of his defeat, he
watched a spider who was trying to reach to her cobweb. Thread was
the only pathway for the spider to reach her destination. Spider started
her voyage with great anxiety and force. But the spider come down to
the initial stage where it had started her journey. King Bruce was
showing security on the foolish attempts to reach the destination that
spider will not try again. However, the spider succeeded in the 10th
attempt to reach its cobweb. After the success to spider the King
Bruce sounded in a optimistic order. “All honor to those who tries
persistently.” King Bruce resolute in heart to try once more in order to
get the win over on his enemies.” At last, he succeeded.
 Unit-3 - Practicing Positive Work Ethics
Reading Comprehension
King Bruce And The Spider (Poem)
English For Class X (2022 and Onward
Questions-Answers

Q.1: Who has composed the poem "King Bruce and the Spider"?
What does the poetess teach the reader though this poem?
Ans: Eliza Cook has composed / written the poem "King Bruce and
the Spider". The lesson the poetess teaches to the reader is that one
should never lose their hope they should keep up their struggles till
they succeed.
Q.2: Who was King Bruce? why did King Bruce decide not to give
up his effort?
Ans: King Bruce was the king of Scotland. When the King saw a
spider struggling constantly to reach its destination and after many
attempts finally succeed in it, he was impressed. So he got a lesson
from it and decided not to give up his effort.

Q.3: Why did the spider keep trying? What did the King learn
from it? OR What lesson did the King learn from the spider?
The persistent tries of spider gave a positive spin to the thoughts of
King Bruce and taught him that one should never lose hope in spite of
odds and difficulties. One should be persistent and bold to achieve the
aim of life. Continuous struggle to the main aim always produces a
favorable result. one should try hard without caring for the resistance
and circumstances of life. This lesson of courage and hope brought
victory to the King.

Q,4: What did King Bruce want?

Ans: King Bruce ruled over Scotland. He wanted to do a great deed
for his people to made them happy.

Q.5: What is the message of the poem King Bruce and the
Spider?
Ans: The message of the poem is that one should never lose hope in
the facing of difficulties. One should go on trying to get their aim.
Those who defy despair are always successful.

Q.6: How did the spider reach its cobweb?

Ans: The spider had fallen down from its cobweb in the ceiling. It was
hanging from a fine silken thread. It tried nine times and failed.
However, it did not lose hope and in the tenth attempt it succeeded in
reaching its cobweb.

Q.7: How did King Bruce appreciate the spider?

Ans. King Bruce cried bravo, bravo at the spider's success. He said
that all honors are to those who try. The spider defied despair and
conquered. King Bruce also learnt the lesson of success from the
spider.

Q.8: Why did King Bruce of Scotland hide himself in a cave?

Ans. Robert Bruce was the king of Scotland under the rule of English
king. He wanted to make Scotland a free country. He fought many
battles but he failed each time. He fled from the battlefield and hid
himself in a cave to save his life. He had no more courage to fight
another battle. He had given up all hopes.

Q.9: What do you know about King Bruce of Scotland? Or Write a

short note on King Bruce of Scotland?
Ans. King Bruce was the king of Scotland. He was a very generous
and patriotic emperor. He fought with the British Army who wanted to
make a British colony in Scotland. He had been defeated by his
enemies several times. The repeated defeats had made the king
greatly disappointed. He had decided that he would try no more. But
his observation of the spider filled his heart with hope and courage.
Being encouraged, he tried once again and that time he did not fail.

Q.10: Why did King Bruce decide not to give up his efforts? OR
What lesson did he learn from spider?
Ans: After watching the struggle made by the spider, King Bruce
changed his mind and decided not to give up because the success
comes up with one's will. He learnt to keep on trying till the end.

Q.11: What is meant by poetess when she says that “a great

deed”?
Ans. The poetess has used the words “a great deed” for the King
Bruce. He had been trying hard to protect his domain from the
contaminated hands of enemy. As the protection of country keeps a
very high rank among the man’s priorities of life, that’s why the
poetess called it “a great deed”.

Q.12: What resemblance, does the poetess find between the King
Bruce and the Spider?
Ans. The points of similarity between the King Bruce and the spider
were that the aim was quite far away from both of them. Both of them
were having a very slightest hope to achieve success i.e. the spider
had a single thread to reach the cobweb and the King Bruce also had
a very tiny hope to win over his enemies.

Q.13: Why did the King Bruce or poetess call the spider “Bravo!
bravo!”? How did King Bruce appreciate the spider?
Ans: The poetess or the King Bruce called the spider bravo because it
was very persistent and tried hard to complete her task. Although she
suffered several failures, but she did not show any grievance on the
disappointment of its fate. It went on making attempt and at last its
succeed to put it into the cobweb. This encouraged the King Bruce
and he also learnt the lesson of success from spider.

Q.14: Write the moral of this poem?

Ans: This poem teaches us that we should not be disappointed and
discouraged by unfavorable circumstances. We should keep on trying
again again inspite of failures. We should not forget that failures are
the pillars to success.

Q.15: How many attempts were made by spider?

Ans: Nine brave attempt were made by spider, and it was successful
on the tenth attempt.
Q.16: How did the spider reach its cobweb?
Ans. The spider had fallen down from its cobweb in the ceiling. It was
hanging from a fine silken thread. It tried nine times and failed.
However, it did not lose hope and in the tenth attempt it succeeded in
reaching the cobweb.

Unit-3 - Practicing Positive Work Ethics

Reading Comprehension
King Bruce And The Spider (Poem)
English For Class X (2022 and Onward
MCQs and Fill In the Blanks
Choose the correct answer for each from the given options:
1. Eliza Cook was born in ____.
(a) 1817
(b) 1818 ✔
(c) 1888
(d) 1889

2. Eliza Cook was died in ____.

(a) 1817
(b)1818
(c) 1888
(d) 1889 ✔

3. The poem "King Bruce and the Spider" is written by:

(a) Eliza Cook ✔
(b) Charles Mackay
(c) Thomas Moore
(d) Felicia Dorothea Hemans

4. "He flung himself down in a low _____,

As grieved as man could"
(a) hope
(b) despondency
(c) despair ✔
(d) mood

5. "Till ap and down, now fast, now slow,

_____ brave attempts were counted'
(a) seven
(b) eight
(c) nine ✔
(d) ten

6. "Bravo! Bravo! The king cried out,

All honour to those who _____,'
(a) work
(b) fight
(c) try ✔
(d) dare

7. "Steadily, steadily, inch by inch,

Higher and higher he _____.
(a) flew
(b) climbed
(c) rose
(d) got ✔

8. "Again it fell and swung below,

But again it quickly ____,
(a) rose
(b) climbed
(c) mounted ✔
(d) stood

9. Eliza Cook has written the poem:

(a) Speak Gently
(b) King Bruce and the Spider ✔
(c) A Nation's Strength
(d) Casabianca
10. King Bruce was a:
(a) poet
(b) general
(c) king ✔
(d) poor man

11. King Bruce was the King of:

(a) Denmark
(b) France
(c) Netherland
(d) Scotland ✔

12. King Bruce wanted to make his people:

(a) fighter
(b) educated
(c) glad or happy ✔
(d) active

13. To succeed, King Bruce:

(a) did not try
(b) read some books
(c) contacted people
(d) tried and tried ✔

14. King Bruce saw:

(a) a spider ✔
(b) a dream
(c) a ghost
(d) a man

15. The spider hung by a:

(a) rope
(b) cobweb ✔
(c) twig
(d) piece of cloth
16. The number of the attempts made by the spider was:
(a) two
(b) ten
(c) nine ✔
(d) fifteen

17. The spider succeded in the ____ attempt.

(a) eight
(b) ninth
(c) tenth ✔
(d) eleventh

18. King Bruce considered the spider:

(a) a wise insect
(b) a foolish thing ✔
(c) a beautiful insect
(d) nothing

19. All honour to those who:

(a) read
(b) think
(c) try ✔
(d) play

20. Seeing the success of the spider the King decided:

(a) to postpone his programme
(b) to go home
(c) to sleep
(d) to keep his struggle up ✔

Fill in the blanks:

1. This poem is written by Eliza Cook.
2. King Bruce was the king of Scotland.
3. King Bruce became very sad because his effort
has failed.
4. He was as grieved as a man could be.
5. His thoughts were interrupted when he saw a spider
fallen from the Cobweb.
6. He had decided to give up his mission.
7. The spider made altogether ten attempts.
8. When the spider reached to cobweb, King Bruce cried
out "Bravo! Bravo!". All honour to those who try".
9. King Bruce said that the spider was a fool because it had
made nine attempt but failed.
10. "Pondered" means thought.
 Unit-4 - Media For Information And Reflection
Reading Comprehension
Social Media
Words / Meanings
S.NO. Column A Column A
1.  Accessibility  Easy to reach
2.  Addictive  Habit -forming
3.  Consequences  Negative results
4.  Deterioration  Slowly becoming worse
5.  Detrimental  Harmful
6.  Devasting  Highly damaging
7.  Disproportionately  Not in the right amount
8.  Fantasy  Imagining of impossible things
9.  Fraudulent  Dishonest, Cheating
10.  Inconvenience  Trouble
11.  Injudicious  Unwise
12.  Materialize  Happen or take shape
13.  Mitigated  Made less severe
14.  Obesity  Being over weight
15.  Prudent  Caring for the future
16.  Revolutionized  Changed completely
17.  Self-portrayal  Showing off oneself
18.  Stupendous  Extremely great
19.  Tardy  Late submitted
20.  Vistas  prospectus
Unit-4 - Media For Information And Reflection
Reading Comprehension
Social Media
Question Answers
Q,1: How has social media revolutionized the concept of
communication?
Ans: Social media has, undoubtedly , revolutionized the
concept of communication in numerous ways .Providing the
ease of connectivity is one of the biggest contribution .
Whether it be business purpose or family communication has
become simpler, quicker and easy . Communication to the
distant relatives can be done without hindrance . Skills and
talents can also be communicated through social media .
Business dealings and communication do not consume time
now. In short any one from any part of world can be contacted
easily The world has truly become a global village due to the
revolution social media has brought in communication.

Q.2: How is social media assisting students and

professionals in their respective fields?
Ans: Social media is also assisting the students and
professionals. It has opened new vistas for them . The
professionals can easily and quickly interact with their
counterparts in any part of the world and exchange their views
on matters of mutual interests. More over the professionals
can be benefited by get the guidelines, ideas and views about
specific task on social media.
The students can easily interact with teachers and
researchers in any part of the world. They can easily gain
knowledge on any topic. They can also be benefited by on line
lectures and notes from different platforms.

Q.3: How can a business be initiated on a virtual

platform?
Ans: Social media has remarkably made initiating a virtual
business very easy . A business can be initiated through the
touch of a button . Businessmen can post and advertise their
products and invite the buyers from anywhere in the world .
They can interact with their customers on case to case basis
and readily respond to their queries, comments and can fulfill
their needs.

Q.4: How can employers hunt the right candidates for

their job positions?
Ans: Social Media has also given the opportunity to the skilled
and talented persons to promote their skills, talents and
capabilities in a very effective way . This in turn gives an easy
access to the employers and enable them to hunt for the right
candidate for any particular job position .The employers can
also advertise for any vacant post through their social media
pages and invite the applications on line . This helps the
employers to short list the right candidate and hence saves
time as well.

Q.5: Why can people easily have a constant connection

with relatives in distant parts of the world?
Ans: People can easily have a constant connection with
relatives in distant parts of the world through social
media .Gone are the days when going of a near one abroad
meant the loss of touch and lack of communication. Social
media has not only contributed to maintain a constant
connection with the distant relatives and friends but has also
enabled to establish contact with lost friends . It has played a
vital role in strengthening the bond of love and care among
the family members by keeping communication easy and
alive.

Q.6: How is social media affecting the relationship of

people?
Ans: Social media has affected the relationship of people very
badly. Man is a social animal and for the strengthening of
social bond physical sharing of moments of joy and grief is
important. Increased screen time has decreased face to face
 communication. Relationships are compromised as people
are spending more time on social media. Good wishes and
condolences are sent through social media now which has
compromised personal visits in moments of grief and joy. The
social media has weakened the relationships.
Q.7: How has social media affected you and your family?
Ans: Social media has affected me positively and negatively in
numerous ways.

1. It has helped me a lot in my studies and improving my

writing skills.
2. I can easily understand any difficult topic through lectures
available on you tube. I can remain in contact with my
teachers as well.
3. But on the other hand it has made me very lazy . My sitting
time has increased. Addiction to on line games has
reduced my physical activity.
4. As a whole our family time has been compromised.
Everyone keeps watching things of their own interests on
social media.
5. Face to face communication has been reduced to a great
extent.

Q.8: What are the benefits you have gained from social media?
Ans: I have gained a lot of benefits from social media like:

 Participation in training, exchange programs, competitions, social

community service programs.
 I have improved my skills of digital marketing.
 I am improving my study skills as well.
 Unit-5 - Respecting Self And Others
Reading Comprehension
A Bad Dream
Summary
Mr. and Mrs. Aziz along with their children planned a ten days
holiday trip. Mr. Karim along with his wife and children decided to
accompany them. They travelled by train and reached a village
called Patni where they rented a house. They hired a van to
reach the house. On the way Mr. Aziz told the van driver about
the house, but the driver told them about the house being
haunted. Mr. Aziz did not believe him. On reaching the house
they all liked it. It had three rooms. Mr. and Mrs. Aziz took one
room while Mr. and Mrs. Karim settled in the second room. The
children got the third room. After dinner they went to bed quite
early as they were tired. Next morning they visited the fields
where some villagers again told them to leave the house before
any of them got harmed by the ghosts. They ignored the gossips.
Strange things started to happen on 7th night. Twice with Mr.
Karim and finally all experienced same strange things. Mrs.
Karim woke Mr. Karim up and at the end, all it turned out to be a
horrible dream that Mr. Karim was seen.

Unit-5 - Respecting Self And Others

Reading Comprehension
A Bad Dream
Question Answers

Q.No 1: Why was everyone excited about the trip?

Ans: Everyone was excited because it was a long-awaited trip
which everyone was looking forward to. Mr. Karim and his
family had planned the trip nearly three months ago that was
why they were naturally very excited.

Q.No 2: What did Mr. Aziz tell about the house he

booked?
Ans: Mr. Aziz told about the house that it was far from the
station and situated near the fields to enable them to truly
appreciate and enjoy the life standard of the village.

Q.No 3: What were the reaction of the porter and driver ,

when they heard about the house?
Ans: When they got off the train. There was only one porter
there to help them unload their luggage. When Mr. Aziz told
him where they wanted to go, he looked at him in a strange
manner. The porter took them to a van driver. He told him
where these people wanted to go. The van driver had a
strange, frightened look on his face and asked if he was sure.

Q.No 4: What did the driver tell about the house?

Ans: Mr. Aziz told the driver that they had rented the house for
ten days. The driver told him that the people of that area
believed that house was haunted.

Q.No 5: Why did the villagers tell them to leave the

house? OR What advice did the villagers give to Mr Aziz
and his family?
Ans: When they told the these people (villagers) where they
were living, the villagers were shocked. Some of them even
told them to leave the house before the ghosts harmed them
in some way.

Q.No 6: What happened to Mr. Karim when he was

sleeping peacefully? OR What was Mr Karim's first
strange experience?
Ans: On the seventh night, Mr Karim was sleeping very
peacefully. Suddenly, he felt that someone was pulling his
blanket. He thought it was a cat, so he pulled his blanket up
and started to sleep. Again, the same thing happened. This
time he pulled the blanket up and held it tightly under his head
and feet. When he did this, someone started pulling his bed.
Q.No 7: What actually happened with Mr. Karim?
Ans: Mr. Karim woke up screaming from sleep. He has been
sleeping all night and everyone was waiting for him to wake
up to accompany them for the trip. It became clear now that
all those horrific experiences were the part of his all dream
only.

Q.8:How did Mr. AZiZ and Mr. Karim's family reach their
destination?
Ans: They reached their destination by train.

Q.9: Where was the house that Mr. Aziz rented?

Ans: The house was far from the station and near the fields.

Q.10: What was the name of the station where they got
off?
Ans: They got off at Patni station.

Q.11: Who was the first person to be surprised to hear the

address of the house?
Ans: The porter was the first to be surprised when he heard
the address of the house.

Q.12: Who was the second person who was surprised

after hearing the home address?
Ans: The van driver was the second person to be surprised
when he heard the address of the house.

Q.13: How many days did Mr. Aziz and Mr. Karim plan the
trip?
Ans: They had planned a trip for ten days.

Q.14: How was the house that Mr. Aziz rented?

Ans: The house was big and airy, with a nice view of the fields
and the village.

Q.15: How many bedrooms were there in the house?

An: There were three bedrooms in the house.

Q.16: How many days later did strange things start to

happen?
Ans: A week passed, and then strange things started to
happen.

Q.17: Who had the first strange experience?

Ans: Mr Karim had the first strange experience.

Q.18: Why didn't everyone believe Mr. Karim?

Ans: Nobody believed in Mr Karim because they thought that
Mr. Karim was making fun of them and he was just trying to
fool them.

Q.19: Who had the second strange experience?

Ans: Mr Karim had the second strange experience.

Q.20: What was Mr Karim's second strange experience?

Ans: Mr Karim was walking. He was deep in thought when he
felt someone walking behind him. He looked back but did not
see anyone. It was getting dark. Mr Karim had a strange
feeling. He quickly moved to the other side and started
walking back towards the house. But then, a strange thing
happened; the head jumped and blocked his way. He quickly
changed his route again and went to the other side. But, the
head jumped on the other side.

Q.No 21: What happened at the end of the story?

Ans. Mr Karim was dreaming. At the end of the story, he was
awakened and told to go on a trip. He thanked his wife for
waking him up from a nightmare.

Unit-5 - Respecting Self And Others

Reading Comprehension
A Bad Dream
English For Class X (2022 and Onward
 Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Choose the correct answer, for each from the given
options:
1. Mr Aziz and his family had planned and waited for this
holiday for nearly:
(a) two months
(b) three months
(c) four months
(d) five months

2. The name of Mr Aziz's brother was:

(a) Mr. Karim
(b) Mr. Rahim
(c) Mr. Saleem
(d) Mr. Shamim

3. Mr Aziz's and Mr Karim's families often went on picnics

together, but this was the first time that they had decided
to spend:
(a) 5 days together
(b) 7 days together
(c) 10 days together
(d) 15 days together

4. The house that Mr Ariz had booked was:

(a) near the station and the fields
(b) far from the station and near the fields
(c) near the station and far from the fields
(d) far from the station and fields

5. In the morning, they reached:

(a) Datni
(b) Satni
(c) Watni
(d) Patni

6. The Patni station was:

(a) small and dusty
(b) small and cleaned
(c) big and dusty
(d) big and cleaned

7. At Patni station, there was/were:

(a) one porter
(b) two porters
(c) three porters
(d) No porter at all

8. When Mr. Aziz told the porter where to go, the porter:
(a) looked happy
(b) looked sad
(c) looked at him in a strange manner
(d) had a strange, frightened look on his face

9. When Mr. Aziz told the van driver where to go, the van
driver:
(a) looked happy
(b) looked sad
(c) looked at him in a strange manner
(d) had a strange, frightened look on his face

10. The house that Mr. Aziz rented was:

(a) small and narrow
(b) small but airy
(c) big and airy
(d) big but strange

11. The house Mr Ariz rented had:

(a) 2 bedrooms
(b) 3 bedrooms
(c) 4 bedrooms
(d) 5 bedrooms

12. Who was dreaming in the story 'A Bad Dream'?

 (a) Mr. Karim
(b) Mrs. Karim
(c) Mr. Aziz
(d) Mrs. Aziz

Unit-6 - Character Building

Reading Comprehension
Speak Gently (Poem)
Words Meaning
S.NO. Words Meanings
1.  Accents  Tone of voice, Way of talking
2.  Achieve  Attain
3.  Aged  Elderly
4.  Anonymous  Unknown
5.  Careworn  Worried, Anxious, Tired
6.  Depart  Leave
7.  Eternity  The life after death, Endless future, Perpetual life
8.  Fear  Threat
9.  Gently  Softly, Kindly
10.  To Grieve  To cause unhappiness to, Give sorrow, To be sad
11.  Harsh  Cruel, Angry, Hard, Rude, Stern
12.  To Mar  To spoil
13.  Mild  Soft
14.  Nearly Run  Almost spent
15.  Rule  Rein
 Whose years of life are nearly spent. This is a
metaphor taken from an old fashioned way of telling
 Whose sand of
16. the time. Sand was dripped through a glass container
life is nearly run
called an hourglass. When the sand had passed
through, it showed an hour had passed.

About Poet
The writer of this poem is David Bates (1809 - 1870).

Central Idea
Reference
The writer of this poem is David Bates. The tone of the poetry
represents the poem is a part of Moorish poetry.
Central Idea
Speaking gently to everyone is a good trait in our character. By being
gentle we are likely to loose nothing and gain much in terms of
friendship. Good will and even material rewards. It places our
character and personality in a very good light and creates an
everlasting impression in the minds of others.
OR
The central idea or message of the beautiful and heart touching poem
"Speak Gently" is that speaking harshly hurts the feelings of our
fellowmen and make them unhappy. While speaking gently  and using
soft word them make happy. Speaking gently is a great virtue. We will
be rewarded for speaking gently in the  life near-after.

Theme
“Kindness is more important than wisdom and recognition of it is the
beginning of wisdom.”

Summary
This Moorish poem is written by an poet David Bates. This
poem emphasis upon speaking gently.
By speaking gently we can attain the spiritual power of rule.
Treating someone harshly is a kind of moral sin which can
devastate our good deeds.
Speak gently is the best way to train a child and win over his
love and trust. If you don’t adopt the mild attitude your
teachings will not persist for a prolong period.
Our attitude should be soft to the aged and old people in order
to create such an atmosphere in which they can pass their
remaining days peacefully.
Speak mildly does not cause and burden to you. These soft
 words create a forever impression on the other’s hearts. The
reward of adopting this habit is that in this mortal world is the
good deeds and the everlasting pleasure. It also brings
reward in the eternal life.

Unit-6 - Character Building

Reading Comprehension
Speak Gently (Poem)
Questions-Answers

Q.1: Who has written this poem? What did poet / poetess in the
poem 'Speak Gently' tell us? OR What is the message of the
poem “Speak Gently”? OR Why should we speak gently to others
or to all? OR What lesson we learn from the poem "Speak
Gently"?
Ans. The poem has been written by David Bates. This poem convey a
lasting message based on the supreme virtue of life. The poet tells
that the selective and chosen words should be used as words spoken
with love in a polite and mild tone not only leave a great impression
but also earn respect and love. We can win the hearts of others with
sweet and soft words.
OR
The message of the poem is that “we should speak gently to everyone
because we can win the heart of the people by speaking gently and
politely”.
OR
The central idea or message of the beautiful and heart touching poem
"Speak Gently" is that speaking harshly hurts the feelings of our
fellowmen and make them unhappy. While speaking gently and using
soft word them make happy. We should speak sweetly and gently.
This is the lesson what we earn from the poem "Speak Gently".
OR
The message of the poem is that we should always speak gently to
others. It is a great virtue. We will be rewarded for speaking gently to
people in the eternity. Everybody loves and respects a persons who
speaks gently.
Q.2: What is the result of adopting harsh attitude? OR What are
the disadvantages of speaking harshly?
Ans. To speak harshly is a kind of ethical and social sin which can
deprive our all good deeds, so we should produce mildness in our
character. This is the only way through which we can provide security
to our good deeds which we have done in this mortal world.
OR
Speaking harshly to people will deprive us of all the good we do here.
It is far better to rule by love than fear. If we speak harshly, we will
have more enemies than friends. Besides nobody will like us.

Q.3: Why should we speak gently to the aged one or old people?
Ans. We should speak gently to the aged one or old people
because they are already worried, we should not increase their
sorrow. They are not going to live for a long time.  They must be given
love, care and concern. Soft and polite tone will help their soul to
depart in peace.
OR
We should speak gently to the aged or old people because they are
going to die soon. We should make them sad by speaking harshly. If
we speak gently to them, they will be happy and die in peace.

Q.4: Why should we speak gently to the little children?

Ans. We should speak gently to the little children  so that they can
also learn to speak gently.  We can win their hearts by speaking in soft
and mild accent because they are like the blooming flowers.
OR
We should speak gently to children so that they can also learn to
speak gently. Childhood does not remain for a long period, so we
should teach them softly and mildly. We can get their love only by
speaking gently.

Q.5: What resemblance does he find between hearts and the

deep well?
Ans. The poet finds resemblance between hearts and deep well
because like deep well we cannot assume what is deeply within
human heart. One thing is sure that the soft words go deeply in the
heart and we cannot assume these words out of the hearts.

Q. 6: What are the advantages or benefits of speak gently? OR 

With whom should we speak gently as referred to in the poem?
We should speak gently to everybody.  One can rule over others only
through love.  Harsh and cruel words can spoil our good deeds. If we
want to win the love of children, we must speak to them gently, we
should speak gently to the old ones also because they are going to
leave this world very soon. They should be allowed to die peacefully.
We should be kind and gentle in our dealing with all. God will be
pleased and will reward us in the eternal world.
" Gentle words unlock the iron gates."
OR
We can win people's heart by speaking gently. Speaking gently is a
little thing, but it has so many good effects. God likes it too, we will be
awarded for it in the life hereafter.

Q.8: What does the poet say about eternity?

Ans: The poet says that we shall be rewarded in the world hereafter
by God, if we speak gently to everybody, It is the everlasting reward
one can achieve easily.

Q.9: How can we win the heart of the people?

Ans: Speak gently and using soft words please the others so we can
win their hearts.

Q.10: Why do you think that speaking gently is a heavenly

quality?
Ans: In my opinion speaking gently is a heavenly quality because it
pleases the others so we can win their hearts. It has so many good
effects. God likes it too. We will be rewarded  for it in the life hereafter.

Text Book Exercise

Unit 6.1
READING COMPREHENSION
Pre-reading
Work in pairs and discuss the followings
1. Who do you like most among your family members?
Ans: I like my parents Or my sister Or my brother or my aunt or my
uncle.

2. Why do like him/her.

Ans: Because he /she always talks with lots of love and care.

3. How can we earn more respect from people?

Ans: We can earn more respect from people only, if we also give them
respect, behave kindly and talk with softly.

EXERCISE 1
Answer the following questions and then share your answer with
your partner.
1. The main idea of the poem is to speak gently with:
a) children
b) young people
c) all people
d) old people

2. By speaking gently, we attract people's:

a) attention
b) love
c) care
d) help

3. Speaking gently is something:

a) big
b) difficult
c) small
d) impossible

4. We shall have good results of speaking kindly in the:

a) shortly
b) world
c) deeply
d) keenly

5. We should speak kindly to the old people because they will

leave the world:
a) after a long time
b) shortly
c) deeply
d) none of these

EXERCISE 2
Work in pairs and underline the following words in the poem.
Next choose the suitable meanings from the box below and write
it against the words:
Unending time/forever, Tone of voice, Tired, Spoil, Cause
unhappiness, Rude or rough, Softly and kindly, Old
S.NO. Words Meanings
1.  Gently  softly and kindly
2.  Harsh  rude or rough
3.  Mar  Spoil
4.  Accents  tone of voice
5.  Aged  Old
6.  Grieve  cause unhappiness
7.  Careworn  Tired
8.  eternity  Unending time/ forever

EXERCISE 3
Read the text and match sentences in column A with column B.
Write the answers in column C. Compare your answers with your
partner.
S.NO. Words Meanings S.NO.
 So as not cause them
1.  Speak gently to everyone 1A-5B
unhappiness
 2.  Speak gently so as not to  its impact on people's lives 2A-4B
 Speak gently to little children
3.  small but important 3A-6B
and
 wipe out all the good work
4.  Speak gently to old people 4A-1B
done
 Speak gently as it is
5.  to win people's love 5A-3B
something
 Speak gently as only time
6.  teach them in a soft manner 6A-2B
will show

EXERCISE 4
Work in pairs and find out the reasons why the poet asks us to
speak gently. First discuss the reasons orally and then write the
answers in your note book.
a) We should speak gently to everyone because
Ans: it is far better to rule by love than by fear. OR
soft and kind words leave a deep and lasting impression.

b) We should not speak in a harsh manner because

Ans: we are here to do good things. OR
it will deprive us of all the good we do here we will have more enemies
than friends.

c) We should teach children in a soft manner because

Ans: they will response as we teach them. OR
they can also learn to speak gently, We can get their love by speaking
gently with them.

d) We should not cause unhappiness to older people because

Ans: they are near to death and they should leave the world
happily. OR
let them die in peace, we should not make them sad by speaking
harshly.

e) Speaking gently is a small but important thing because

Ans: it leaves a long lasting effect on one’s life OR
it touches the depths of the heart. The good and the joy it brings
eternity shall tell.

EXERCISE 5
Write in pairs and list down two things for each verse that the
poet mentions people should do and what would be the result of
doing each thing:
Verse 1:
a) We should speak gently. Our words should be soft, kind and loving
b) It will spread goodness everywhere in the world.
OR
a) Speak gently to everyone
b) Rule by love
Result: By speaking softly we win people's heart. We rule the hearts.

Verse 2:
a) We should teach soft and gentle accent to children
b) As they may learn the way and apply it in their life to come.
OR
a) Speak gently to children
b) Teach them soft and mild accent
Result: Children's childhood will soon be over. They will learn to
speak softly and we will get the love of children.

Verse 3:
a) We should speak gently to the old one and make them not happy
b) Their time of life is too short. They should be departed peacefully
OR
a) Speak gently to old persons
b) Let them die in peace
Result: Older person don't know what they have endured in their
lives. Do not grieve their broken hearts. Make it easy for them to leave
the world.

Verse 4:
a) Speak gently is little thing
b) It remains forever and its reward is also eternal.
OR
a) Speak gently to everyone
b) Speak gently is a small thing but do it
Result: It touches the depth of the heart. The good and the joy it
brings Eternity shall tell.

EXERCISE 6
Based on answers in exercises 3, 4, 5, write the summary of the
poem. look at the summary writing tips in Unit 3.1 and 3,4.
Ans: For the summary of the poem CLICK HERE.

EXERCISE 7
work in groups of three. Discuss and list some of the small
things that one can say or do to make people happy and some
small things that one may say or do that can hurt people:
S.NO. Things related to happiness Things related to hurt
1.  Speak gently  Speak harshly
2.  Love  Fear
3.  Softness  Strictness
4.  Kindness  Lie
5.  Truthfulness  Misery
4.  Simplicity  Arrogance
5.  Good character  Greed

Unit-6 - Character Building

Reading Comprehension
Speak Gently (Poem)
Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Choose the correct answer for each from the given options:
1. The poem "Speak Gently" is written by:
(a) David Bates
(b) Louis I. Newman
(c) Eliza Cook
(d) Anonymous

2. It is good to rule by:

(a) power
(b) love
(c) fear
(d) tactic

3. Harsh word:
(a) pleases
(b) causes enjoyment
(c) mars
(d) makes people happy

4. We should speak:
(a) roughly
(b) speedy
(c) harshly
(d) gently

5. To gain love of a little child we should:

(a) speak gently
(b) speak speedy
(c) give in toys
(d) sing

6. The good we may do while talking is:

(a) exchanging gifts
(b) speaking gently
(c) giving money
(d) singing

7. We should teach or tell something to a child in:

(a) local accent
(b) British accent
(c) soft and mild accent
(d) American accent

8. To the aged people, we should not:

(a) show films
(b) give fat orienting foods
(c) give money
(d) grieve them

9. "Sands of life are nearly run" means:

(a) the big part of life is spent
(b) sands of desert
(c) a big desert
(d) a hot desert

10. He should be let depart in peace.

(a) A sick man
(b) The aged one
(c) A quarrelsome
(d) A nasty man

11. A "little thing" is:

(a) a needle
(b) a particle
(c) speaking gently
(d) a mobile phone

12. This drops in the hearts deep well.

(a) Water
(b) Blood
(c) Medicine
(d) Gently speaking

13. This may bring the good, the joy.

(a) A friend
(b) A relative
(c) Gently speaking
(d) A season
14. 'Eternity' means.
(a) retirement
(b) entire
(c) entrance
(d) the life after death

15. The poem tells about:

(a) moral
(b) fluently speaking
(c) world
(d) discussion

16. The main idea of the poem is to speak gently with:

(a) children
(b) young people
(c) all people
(d) old people

17. By speaking gently, we attract people's:

(a) attention
(b) love
(c) care
(d) help

18. Speaking gently is something:

(a) big
(b) difficult
(c) small
(d) impossible

19. We shall have good results of speaking kindly in the:

(a) shortly
(b) world
(c) deeply
(d) keenly
20. We should speak kindly to the old people because they will
leave the world:
(a) after a long time
(b) shortly
(c) deeply
(d) none of these

21. "Speak gently; it is better far,

To rule by love than ____."
(a) fear
(b) dear
(c) hatred
(d) power

22. "Speak gently, let no ____ word mar,

The good we may do here'
(a) severe
(b) stern
(c) harsh
(d) bad

23. "Speak gently to aged one,

Grieve not the careworn ___'
(a) soul
(b) heart
(c) people
(d) guys

24.  "Whose sands of life are nearly run,

Let such in peace ____'
(a) leave
(b) go
(c) depart
(d) die

25. "Speak gently, this a little thing

Dropped in the heart's deep ___'
(a) room
(b) cavity
(c) chamber
(d) well

26. The good, the joy, that it may bring,

____ shall tell'
(a) life hereafter
(b) endless future
(c) eternity
(d) Doom Day

27. "Speak gently to the little child,

Its ____ be sure again'
(a) love
(b) confidence
(c) determination
(d) resolution

28. "Teach it in accents soft and ______

It may not long remain'
(a) kind
(b) mild
(c) pleasant
(d) good

29. The theme of the poem " Speak Gently" is that we should be
very careful in our ____. We will be rewarded for speaking gently.
(a) talking
(b) speech
(c) conversation
(d) chatting

Fill In The Blanks

1. This poem has been written by an anonymous poet.
2. An anonymous poem does not bear the name of its poet.
3. "Speak Gently" is a poem about the value of kind words.
4. Speak gently to a child if you want to gain his love.
5. We should speak gently in everybody because it is better to rule
by love than by fear.
6. It costs nothing to speak gently.
7. If you speak kind and gentle words, you would be rewarded  in the
nest world.
8. The word "Eternity" means the world hereafter.
9. We should speak gently to the aged once because their hearts are
full of worries.
10. "Whose sands of life are nearly run". This line refers to
the old  people.

Unit-7 - Praising Nature

Reading Comprehension
My Travel Diary: Journey To The Gorakh Hill Station
Words Meaning and Summary
Words / Meaning
S.NO. Words Meanings
1.  Abundant  Plentiful
2.  Aromatic  Having a pleasant and distinctive smell
3.  Awe-inspiring  Breath taking
4.  Awesome  Extremely impressive,  highly impressive
 Crying of a sheep, goat, or calf visible features of
5.  Bleating
an area of land
6.  Bonfire  A large open-air fire
7.  Bullock  A young male cow
8.  Canopy  Cover-shade, A covering over something
9.  Celebration  An important day or event
10.  chimney  A vertical channel or pipe which conducts smoke
11.  Colossal  Extremely large or great
12.  Cracking  The sharp sound
13.  Descending  Moving or sloping downward, Coming downwards
14.  Destination  The place where someone is going
  Go a different or less direct route to a place, Take a
15  Detour
roundabout route.
16.  Disposable  Intended to be thrown away after use
17.  Elevation  Something being raised upward
18.  Flyer  A small handbill
19.  Fragrance  A pleasant, sweet smell
20.  Gradually  Slowly
21.  Glance  Take a brief or hurried look
 A momentary or partial view, A brief look, A brief
22.  Glimpse
view
23.  Herb  Any plant parts used for food, medicine, or perfume.
24.  Homage  Special respect shown publicly
25.  Hue  a colour or shade
26.  Incense  Substance producing a sweet odor when burned
27  Incredible  Almost impossible to believe
28.  Indulge  Involve in
29.  Landscape  Visible feature of an area of land
30.  Leg  A section or stage of a journey
31.  Meticulous  Showing great attention to detail
32.  Pay homage  Pay respect publicly
33.  Peak  The pointed top of a mountain
34.  Reconnect  Connect back together
35.  Resort  Tourist spot, A place that people go to for holidays
36.  Revered  Deeply respected
 Having a broken, rocky, and uneven surface, rough,
37.  Rugged
natural
38.  Rumble  A loud low dull continuous noise
39.  Shrine  Any place devoted to some saint
 Something kept as a reminder, A thing kept as a
40.  Souvenir
reminder of something / someone
41.  Sparkling  Shining brightly
42.  Speechless  Unable to speak
 43  Spellbinding  Holding one's attention completely
44.  Spicy  Containing or abounding in spices
45.  Spiritual  Relating to or affecting the human spirit or soul
 A complete cessation of movement, Stop, Having
46.  Standstill
no movement.
47.  Steep  Slope
 The highest point of a hill or mountain, Highest
48.  Summit
point of something
49.  Teenager  A person aged between 13 and 19 years
50.  Tranquilize  Have a calming or sedative effect on
51.  Uphill  Towards the top of a hill
 More favorable position, A place providing a good
52.  Vantage
view
53.  Whisper  Speak very softly
54.  Zigzag  Crisscross

Short note Or Summary on

My Travel Diary: Journey To The Gorakh Hill Station
The author's parents plan to celebrate his birthday at Gorakh Hills,
Sindh's highest summit and holiday resort. They start their journey by
bus early in the morning with other tourists. The guide tells them the
details of the journey and the route. When they cross Jamshoro, they
see the Indus River. The city of Hyderabad is located across the river.
At Kotri Barrage, they stop at a hotel for breakfast.
They reach Sehwan while traveling on the Indus Highway. There they
pay a short visit to the shrine of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar, a highly
revered Sufi saint. On leaving Sehwan, they are given a lunch of fish
caught from Manchar Lake along with sugarcane juice.
At the foot of the Gorakh Hills, they have to travel in a jeep to reach
the top. At the top they enjoy beautiful views. Unfortunately they do
not get a room in the hotel so they rent tents. At night a bonfire is lit
and everyone sits around playing childish games.
The author gets up early in the morning and enjoys the scenery. The
author's parents and friends carry a cake and sing "Happy Birthday" to
the author. The cake cutting was followed by halwa purl for all.
On the way back they travel from Dadu Moro Bridge. They stop at
Hala to collect souvenirs. They pass near Bhitt Shah where the shrine
of Shah Abdul Latif Bhattai is located and they cross through the city
of Hyderabad and reach the Motorway on which we had travelled the
day before from Karachi.

Unit-7 - Praising Nature

Reading Comprehension
My Travel Diary: Journey To The Gorakh Hill Station
English For Class X (2022 and Onward
Question / Answers
Q.1: Why did Asif's parents decide to take him to the Gorakh Hills
for his birthday?
Ans: Asif's parents decided to take him to the Gorakh Hills for his
birthday because they knew his love for travel.
OR
Asif's Parents decided to take him to the Gorakh Hills Station because
they wanted to celebrate his birthday party . That's why they broke the
news before two days of his birthday.

Q.2: What do you know about Gorakh Hills?

Ans: Gorakh Hills Station is situated at an elevation of 5,690 ft. from
the sea level and is the highest summit and a holiday resort in Sindh.

Q.3: How did they travel to Gorakh Hills?

Ans: They travelled to Gorakh Hills in an air-conditioned bus with a
group of 14 tourists.

Q.4: Where did they have breakfast?

Ans: They had their breakfast at Almanzar Hotel on Kotri Barrage.

Q.5: Write few words about Kotri Barrage.

Ans: The barrage was a colossal bridge-like structure, constructed
over the mighty Indus River.

Q.6: Whose shrine is in Sehwan?

Ans: In Sehwan, there is a shrine of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar, a highly
revered Sufi saint.

Q.7: How far is Gorakh Hills from Sehwan?

Ans: The Gorakh Hills are a good four hours' drive from Sehwan.

Q.8: What was served for lunch and where was it served?
Ans: On leaving Sehwan, lunch was served. The lunch comprised
spicy fish caught from the Manchar Lake with sugarcane juice.
OR
On leaving Sehwan Sharif , they were served lunch , in nicely packed
lunch boxes, on the bus. The lunch consisted of spicy fish caught from
the Manchar Lake which is situated close to Shewan Sharif.

Q.9: Where is Manchar Lake located?

Ans: Manchar Lake is situated close to Sehwan.

Q.10: Why did they have to leave the bus and take the jeep to
reach the top?
Ans: They had to leave the bus and took the jeep because there
would be steep, uphill drive to reach the summit.
OR
At the foot of the Gorak Hills , they were transferred to a jeep for a
steep , uphill drive to reach the summit, that's why they had to leave
the bus and take the jeep to reach the top.

Q.11: Why did Asif and his family have to sleep in a tent?
Ans: Unfortunately, all rooms were occupied, and they had to rent
tents for their nightstay.
OR
When they reached the Gorakh Hills Station, they could not get any
hotel there because all rooms were occupied and they had to rent
tents for their night stay to sleep.

Q.12: How did the author enjoy his night of stay there?
Ans: Under a canopy of stars, they lit the bonfire. They played
Baetbazi, Chinese whisper, sharing funny stories, and all sorts of
childish games that they could think of.

Q.13: What did Asif appreciate deeply about his parents?

Ans: Her parents cut the cake for her birthday and arranged breakfast
for all. Things had been planned to the last detail; a beautiful rug had
been spread out for the cake cutting ceremony. He was deeply
touched by his parents' love and meticulous arrangements.
OR
Asif was still admiring the beauty on Hill Station when he heard people
singing "Happy Birthday" behind him, turning around, he saw his
parents and friends carrying a huge cake with candles on it. He was
touched by his parents ' love and meticulous arrangements.

Q.14: How was the return route different from up journey route?
Ans: In up journey route, they took Motorway and crossed Jamshoro,
Hyderabad, and Kotri Barrage. Then they took the Indus Highway to
Sehwan and they travelled from Sehwan to Gorakh Hills.
In return route journey, they travelled from Dadu-Moro Bridge and
crossed Hala, Matiari, and Bhit Shah. Finally, they crossed through
the city of Hyderabad and reached the Motorway which they had
travelled the day before from Karachi.
OR
When they were returning back , they took a different route and
travelled from the "Dadu Moro Bridge" because the guide announced
that, from there they would cross the Indus river to go to the other
bank to continue their journey.

Q.15: Which two saints are mentioned in the text?

Ans: Two highly revered Sufi saints, Lal Shahbaz Qalandar and Shah
Abdul Latif Bhittai, are mentio in the text.
OR
The great saints mentioned in the text are Hazrat Shah Abdul Latif
Bhitai , whose shrine is at Bhit Shah in Hala Haveli and other is Hazrat
Lal Shahbaz Qalandar , whose shrine is in Shewan Sharif.

Q.16: Why is Gorakh Hills a good place for holiday?

Ans: Gorakh Hills is a good place for holiday because Gorakh Hills is
cold because of the height. Its views are beautiful and wonderful.
OR
Gorakh Hills Station is one of the most exciting holiday resorts of
Pakistan , which is situated at an elevation of 5690 feet from the sea
level and is the highest summit and holiday resort of Sindh , which is
four hour away from Sehwan Sharif.

Q.17: What did Ibn Battuta say about the journey?

Ans: Ibn-e-Batuta said that travel leaves you speechless, and then
turns you into a storyteller.

Q.18: How was their visit to Schwan Sharif?

Their visit to Sehwan Sharif was an incredible experience, as people
from all walks of life come to the shrine of Saint Lal Shahbaz
Qalandar, to pay homage. It is commonly believed that a visit to this
shrine can provide healing for all types of illness. The spirited
atmosphere, the aromatic fragrance of incense and red roses and the
colorful spreads took them to another world.

Q.19: What did this journey give to Asif?

This journey gifted him with new friends, abundant excitement and
fun. Overall, it was a once in a lifetime experience. How true was Ibn-
e-Batuta when he said, " Travel leaves you speechless and then turns
you into storyteller".

Pre-reading
1. How many of you have been travelled?
Ans: Yes, I have travelled.
OR
No, I don't. But I will travel.

2. Where you have been?

Ans: I have travelled to different cities or hill stations (or where ever
you have travelled mention name of that place) in my country. Or Yes,
I travelled abroad.
3. Read this quotation and state what you understand by it: " The
world is a book, and those who do not travel read only one
page." ~ Saint Augustine.
Ans: I understand with this quotation that if we travel differnt places
around the world and explore new things and gain knowledge.

TEXT BOOK EXERCISE

UNIT 7.1
READING COMPREHENSION
EXERCISE 1
After reading the text, select the best option for the following
statements.
1. Their final destination was:
a) Jamshoro
b ) Schwan
c) Gorakh Hills
d ) Hyderabad

2. Starting their journey from Karachi , they reached the Gorakh

Hills:
a) in four hours
b ) in less than four hours
c ) before sunset
d ) after sunset

3. The trip lasted for:

a ) one day
b ) two days
c ) three days
d ) four days

EXERCISE 2
Work in pairs. First look at the word in Box A. Then, read the
paragraphs 1-5. underline the words given in column A in the
text. Then, find their meanings in Column B and write the answer
in Column C. Do the same with Box B and write the answers in
Column C. Do the same with Box B, paragraphs 6-10.
BOX A: Paragraphs 1-5
Column Column Column
S.NO. A B C
Words Meanings Answer
1.  Summit  a) deeply respected g
 b) a substance which when burnt gives
2.  Resort j
out a sweet smell
3.  Awesome  c) extremely large f
4.  Glimpses  d) having a pleasant smell h
5.  Detour  e) pay respect publicly k
6.  Colossal  f) highly impressive c
7.  Revered  g) highest point of something a
8.  Incredible  h) a brief view i
9.  Pay homage  i) almost impossible to believe e
10.  Aromatic  j) a place that people go to for holidays d
11.  Incense  k) take a roundabout route b
BOX B: Paragraphs 6-10
Column Column Column
S.NO. A B C
Words Meanings Answer
12.  Rugged  1) slowly u
13.  Vantage  m) holding one's attention completely q
14.  Canopy  n) breath taking s
15.  Stand still  p) coming downwards w
16.  Gradually  q) a place providing a good view l
17.  Descending  r) showing attention to detail p
18.  Spell binding  s) a covering over something m
 t) a thing kept as a reminder of
19.  Tranquilized v
something / someone
20.  Meticulous  u) rough , natural r
 21.  Awe-inspiring  v) have a calming or sedative effect n
22.  Souvenirs  w) having no movement t

EXERCISE 3
Below is a brief summary of places mentioned along the route.
Read the text and fill in the blanks with the names of these
places. After completing the exercise, compare your answers
with your partner.
The journey began from Karachi. After crossing the toll plaza got on
the Motorway. First crossed Nooriabad and then Jamshoro. Could
see some glimpses of the river Indus on the right. According to the
GPS Hyderabad was across the river. Went to a hotel on Kotri
Barrage. After that got on the Indus Highway, which was on the right
bank of river Indus. The next stop was Sehwan. Had lunch on the bus
that comprised spicy fish caught from the Manchar lake. Finally
reached the Gorakh Hills.
On the way back, took the Dadu-Moro bridge route. Stopped at
the Hala to buy souvenirs. Glimpsed Matiari in the distance. Passed
close by Bhit Shah. Finally, crossed Hyderabad, got on
the Motorway and reached Karachi.

EXERCISE 4
The statements given below very briefly describe the main points
of each paragraph. Find out the paragraphs that have the
following key points. Write the paragraph number in the space
provided.
a. Travel to the top 6
b. Stopover for breakfast 3
c. Activities at night 7
d. Birthday trip to the Gorakh Hills 1
e. Morning scenes and event 8
f. Shrine description 4
g. Good memories 10
h. Start of the journey 2
i. Places on the trip back home 9
j. lunch on the bus 5

EXERCISE 5
Read the text again and circle the right option. After completing
the exercise, compare your answers with your partner.
1. The Gorakh Hills are the highest place in:
a) Pakistan
b) Baluchistan
c) Schwan
d) Sindh

2. The guide explained the route and gave ___ to everyone.

a) lunch
b) breakfast
c) flyers
d) directions

3. Asif used his mobile phone to look for:

a) the route
b) information
c) instructions
d) new places

4. The text states that many people visit the shrine of Lal
Shahbaz Qalandar to seek:
a) fulfillment
b) material benefits
c) blessings
d) healing

5. For lunch they had:

a) fish and chips
b) sugar cane juice and rolls
c) fish and sugarcane juice
 d) sandwiches and sugar cane juice

6. At night they could hear the sounds of:

a) dogs barking
b) wolves howling
c) water flowing
d) many animals

7. There were more greenery on ____ of the river.

a) the right side
b) the left side
c) the bank
d) both sides

8. According to Ibn e Batuta, ___ makes one a good story teller.

a) reading
b) Listening
c) not speaking
d) travelling

EXERCISE 6
Work in pairs and write three sentences about the following.
After completing, exchange your work with another pair and read
each other's work:
1. Gorakh Hills Station:

i. It is the largest summit of Sindh

ii. Its height is 5,690 ft Or 
Gorakh Hills is situated at an elevation of 5,690 ft from the sea level.
iii. It is a very beautiful resort of Sindh

2. Shrine of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar:

i. Shrine of Lal Shahbaz Qalandar is in Sehwan

ii. It provides healing to the visitors OR
It is commonly believed that a visit to this shrine can provide healing 
for all types of illnesses.
iii. People from all walks of life come to pay homage on his shrine

3. After dinner activities:

i. All sat under open sky and lit bonfire OR

Under a canopy of stars, the bonfire was lit.
ii. All children shared stories
iii. Bait Bazi and Chinese whisper were two other activities.
iv. Had great fun indulging in activities  such as, Baetbazi, Chineses
whisper, sharing funny stories, and all sort of childish games that we
could think of. 
(Note: Either write (ii) & (iii) point OR (iv) )
v. The sparkling golden hues of the fire, the cracking of the wood,
the bright stars above, and the warmth of friends gathered around the
fire made time come to standstill.

4. Spell–binding experiences:

i. On the station, the travellers could easily touch the floating

clouds
ii. The smell of fragrance of herbs tranquilized Asif’s senses
iii. The bleating of sheep was also impressive
OR
i. The sparkling golden hues of the fire, the cracking of the wood,
the bright stars above, and the warmth of friends gathered around the
fire made time come to standstill.
ii. A sunrise is one of that one would witness in a painting or a
movie, and the clouds were descending all around.
iii. It was spell-binding to see floating clouds, which one could
touch, to smell the  fragrances of different herbs, which tranquilized
senses, and to hear the distant bleating of sheep grazing around.
 5. Birthday breakfast:

i. Birthday breakfast was started with huge cake

ii. All the participants were served cake
iii. Later the Halwa Puri was served as birthday breakfast
OR
i. Carrying a huge cake with candles on it, author's parents and
friends sung 'Happy Birthday' to him.
ii. Things had been planned for birthday party, a beautiful rug was
spread for cake cutting ceremony.
iii. The cake cutting was followed by halwa puri for all.

EXERCISE 7
Answer the following questions.
1. Which two great saints are mentioned in the text?
Ans: See "Q.15" in Question & Answers section above.

2. Why did Asif's parents decide to take him to the Gorakh Hills
for his birthday?
Ans: See "Q.1" in Question & Answers section above.

3. Why is Gorakh Hills a good place for a holiday?

Ans: See "Q.16" in Question & Answers section above.

4. What was served for lunch and where was it served?

Ans: See "Q.8" in Question & Answers section above.

5. Why did they have to leave the bus and take the jeep to reach
the top?
Ans: See "Q.10" in Question & Answers section above.

6. Why did Asif and his family have to sleep in a tent?

Ans: See "Q.11" in Question & Answers section above.

7. What did Asif appreciate deeply about his parents?

Ans: See "Q.13" in Question & Answers section above.

8. How was the return route differtm the up journey route?

Ans: See "Q.14" in Question & Answers section above.

Unit-7 - Praising Nature

Reading Comprehension
My Travel Diary: Journey To The Gorakh Hill Station
Multiple Choice Questions
Choose the correct answer for each from the given options:
1. It is a way of reconnecting with nature and, most importantly,
with ourselves.
(a) Reading
(b) Thinking
(c) Travelling
(d) Praying

2. The Gorakh Hills are the highest place in:

(a) Pakistan
(b) Baluchistan
(c) Sehwan
(d) Sindh

3. From the sea level, Gorakh Hills is situated at an elevation of:

(a) 5,500 ft
(b) 5,690 ft
(c) 5,740 ft
(d) 5,980 ft

4. The guide explained the route and gave ____ to everyone.

(a) lunch
(b) breakfast
(c) flyers
(d) directions

5. Asif used his mobile phone to look for:

(a) the route
(b) information
(c) instructions
(d) new places

6. Whose shrine is located in Sehwan?

(a) Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai
(b) Lal Shahbaz Qalandar
(c) Abdullah Shah Ghazi
(d) Data Gunj Bukhsh

7. The text states that many people visit the shrine of Lai
Shahbaz Qalander to seek:
(a) fulfilment of wishes
(b) material benefits
(c) blessings
(d) healing

8. For lunch they had:

(a) fish and chips
(b) sugarcane juice and rolls
(c) fish and sugarcane juice
(d) sandwiches and sugarcane juice

9. Their final destination was:

(a) Jamshoro
(b) Sehwan
(c) Gorakh Hills
(d) Hyderabad

10. Manchar Lake is situated close to:

(a) Sehwan
(b) Jamshoro
(c) Hyderabad
(d) Sukkur

11. Starting their journey from Karachi, they reached the Gorakh
Hills:
(a) in four hours
(b) in less than four hours
(c) before sunset
(d) after sunset

12. On our way back, they took a different route and travelled
from the:
(a) Kotri Barrage
(b) Dadu-Moro Bridge
(c) Sukkur Bridge
(d) Daddu Barrage

13. There was more greenery on of the river.

(a) the right side
(b) the left side
(c) the bank
(d) both side

14. The trip lasted for:

(a) one day
(b) two days
(c) three days
(d) four days

15. To buy some souvenirs from roadside shops, they stopped

at:
(a) Sehwan
(b) Jamshoro
(c) Hyderabad
(d) Hala

16. Whose shrine is located at Bhit Shah?

(a) Shah Abdul Latif Bhittai
(b) Lal Shahbaz Qalandar
(c) Abdullah Shah Ghazi
(d) Data Gunj Bukhsh
17. According to ibn-e-Batuta _____ makes once a good
storyteller.
(a) reading
(b) listening to good stories
(c) not speaking
(d) travelling

Unit-8 - Civic Sense And Civics Activities

Reading Comprehension
Safety Measures That Can Save Your Life
Words Meaning and Summary
Words / Meaning

S.NO. Words Meanings

1.  Abide by  Obey
 A thing which can be added to something,
2.  Accessory
Additional things
 3.  Anchor  Fix firmly and stably, Firmly held in place
4.  Beneficial  Of use
5.  Considerably  Significant
6.  Constituted  To form and make something
7.  Cramp  Contraction
8.  Crucial  Decisive or Critical, Very Important
9.  Co-traveller  Travelling with someone
10.  Cumbersome  Burdensome, Unnecessarily slowing
11.  Disability  Physical or mental unfitness
12.  Disregard  Pay no attention to
13.  Distract  Divert
14.  Exposure  Experience
15.  Exposing  Putting at risk
16.  Extended  Prolonged
17.  Fatal  Causing death
18.  Fatality  Casualty, Death
19.  Financial  Monetary
20.  Former  Preceding in time
21.  Headgear  A covering or protective device for the head
22.  Hindering  Obstructing
23.  Impact  Collision, Crash
 Consequences, Something clear but not clearly
24.  Implications
stated
25.  Impose  Enforce
26.  Inconvenience  Troublesomeness
27.  Indulging  Doing something for pleasure
28.  Injuries  Physical damage to the body
29.  Insurance  Protection against future loss
30.  Invincible  Incapable of overcome, Totally secure or safe
31.  Irritate  Annoy
32.  Limitations  Restrictions, Inability to perform
33.  Measures  Steps or actions taken for a purpose
34.  Messed up  Spoiled
35.  Minimise  Make small or insignificant
36.  Minor  Lesser in importance
37.  Option  Choice
38.  Piercing  Penetrating
39.  Permanent  Indefinitely
 A person who travels  in a seat or place behind the
40.  Pillion riders rider of a motorcycle or scooter, A passenger on a
motorbike
 To a proportionate degree, When compared in
41.  Proportionately
numbers
42.  Protective  Able to keep safe
43.  Safeguard  Precautions, Protects
44.  Seriousness  State of being serious
45.  Skidding  Slipping, Sliding
46.  Strapped  Prevent some one or something from moving with a
 strap
47.  Subsequent  Following in time or order
48.  Survival  Existence
49.  Sustain  To give support or relief to
50.  Sweating  Perspiring
51.  Thrilling  Causing excitement
52.  Tough  Difficult
53.  Traumatic  Deeply disturbing or distressing
54.  Two-wheeler  A vehicle with two wheels
55.  Ultimately  Eventually
56.  Undue  Unnecessary
57.  Untoward  Unpleasant, Unexpected
58.  Widespread  Widely circulated
59.  Windshield  A windscreen
60.  Wreck  Wreckage, Destruction (of a ship)
61.  Vulnerable  Open to attack or damage, Facing possible harm

Short note Or Summary on

Safety Measures That Can Save Your Life
We hear about fatal road accidents every day. One of the causes of
road accidents is over-speeding and disregard for traffic rules. But if
people wear helmets while riding a motorcycle and seat belts While
sitting in a car, losses of lives and disability can be avoided.
Riding a motorcycle is not without risks, especially when we are not
wearing a helmet. Helmets are an important safety accessory for
motorcyclists that can protect us from head injuries in the event of an
accident. Police also impose fines for not doing so, but people still do
not wear helmets.
Motorcycles are more prone to accidents than other vehicles because
of the structure and size of the motorbike, it loses their balance easily.
Helmets minimize the risks of head injuries, the most common cause
of death and disability in case of a crash. Non-helmeted motorcyclists
are three times more likely to sustain head injuries in a crash as
compared to those wearing firmly strapped helmets. Helmet laws are
constituted to save the lives of motorbike riders. Those who abide by
the laws not only save their own lives but also protect their families
from unnecessary harm and suffering.
If you have ridden a motorbike, you know that this can be tough on the
eyes. Moreover, extended exposure to sharp wind, strong sun rays,
and dust particles can lead to major eye issues that can ultimately
affect your health. The piercing cold wind not only causes discomfort
but also distracts the vision.
Not wearing a helmet means increasing the risks of fatality and
disability due to head injury, and harmful impact on your eyes. Don't
drive anywhere until your seatbelt is fastened. If you are not wearing
your seat belt, you can easily change seats and quickly slide out of the
car. The car brakes will stop the car, but your body is still travelling at
the speed of your car. The thing that can save you from serious injury
or even death, is your seat belt.
Some people think that seat belts are not necessary. Consider what
you and your family will suffer in case you are badly injured or, God
forbid, you die just because you did not fasten your seat belt. Also, let
us not forget the financial loss due to limitations that your injuries may
impose on your earning ability, both long term and short term. The
police can fine the driver, particularly on a motorway, if you and your
co-traveller are not wearing the seat belt.
Wearing a seat belt does not make you invincible. But wearing seat
belts minimizes your chances of getting killed or seriously injured.
Seat belts save lives, and that's a fact. You can lose your life and limb,
or waste your time and money, or both, by not wearing your seat belt.

Unit-8 - Civic Sense And Civics Activities

Reading Comprehension
Safety Measures That Can Save Your Life
Question / Answers

Q.1: What are the main causes of road accidents?

Ans: One of the key reasons for road accidents is over-speeding, the
other is the disregard for traffic rules.

Q.2: What two important safety measures can save people's

lives?
Ans: Two important safety measures that can save people's lives and
protect them from disability are wearing helmets for bikers and
fastening seat belts for car drivers.

Q.3: Why is a helmet an important safety gear?

Ans: A motorcycle helmet is a crucial safety accessory not only for the
rider but also for pillion riders. Helmets minimize the risks of serious
head injuries, the most common cause of death and disability in case
of a crash. Helmet absorb the impact of a crash or fall. Non-helmeted
motorcyclists are three times more likely to sustain head injuries in a
crash as compared to those wearing firmly strapped helmets.
OR
Wearing a helmet is very beneficial for saving riders from fatal and
disabling head injuries , and adding their comfort while riding. That's
why a helmet is considered safety gear for bikers.

Q.4: Which vehicle has more road accidents and subsequent

injuries?
Ans: There are, proportionately, more accidents and subsequent
injuries while riding a motorbike than while travelling in a car or other
such vehicles.

Q.5: What makes a motorcycle vulnerable?

Ans: The size and structure of the motorcycle make it vulnerable to
losing balance, particularly when indulging in high-speed and
disregarding other traffic rules.

Q.6: What is the most widespread cause of death in motorcycle

accidents?
Ans: Head injuries are the most widespread cause of death in
motorcycle accidents. Moreover, traumatic brain injury can result in
permanent disability.

Q.7: How can not wearing a helmet change the life of bike riders
and their families forever?
Ans: Accidental death or disability of a bike rider changes the life of
the bike rider and his family forever. Nothing stays the same.
OR
Not wearing a helmet means increasing the risks of fatality and
disability due to head injury, and harmful impact on your eyes . It
ensures maximum safety in case of a crash . Protect yourself, save
your family from undue suffering. Wearing a helmet the minute you
start your motorbike ride.

Q.8: How can motorcyclists prevent death and serious injuries?

Ans: Death or serious injury can be prevented with a motorcycle
helmet as it absorbs the impact of a crash or fall.

Q.9: Why don't people wear helmets while riding a motorcycle?

OR What are the reasons people give for not wearing helmets?
Ans: People do not wear helmets because their hairstyle gets messed
up. Some say that helmets make them feel uncomfortable, that they
cannot put up with the heat. Others complain that helmets cause too
much sweating, and this irritates them. Some, however, have no
specific reason for not wearing helmets except that they are sure that
they will not get injured.

Q.10: What things are harmful to the eyes while riding a bike?
Ans: The sharp wind, strong sun rays, and dust particles can lead to
severe discomfort and inconvenience, hindering our vision and
resulting in untoward incidents. Moreover, extended exposure to such
damaging factors can lead to major eye issues that can ultimately
affect our health.

Q.11: What are the problems faced by motorcycle riders in

winter? And how can these difficulties be prevented?
Ans: Winter brings in an additional set of challenges for bikers. The
piercing cold wind not only causes discomfort but also distracts the
vision. Additionally, wearing a helmet while riding in winter can save
us from the cold wind, thereby preventing our ride from becoming
uncomfortable and risky.
Q.12: What if we don't fasten our seat belts?
Ans: If we are not wearing our seat belt, we can easily change seats
and quickly slide out of the car.

Q.13: What happens when a car stops suddenly?

Ans: If for some reason, somebody ahead of us applies brakes
suddenly, it is very likely that the driver of our car will not have time to
stop. The car that we are travelling in will crash into the vehicle in
front. While the brakes or crash can make the car stop suddenly, the
same does not apply to our bodies. The car brakes will stop the car,
but our body is still travelling at the speed of our car. Our bodies will
move forward and our heads will hit the windscreen. If the blow is
strong, we may fall out of the car.
OR
When a car stops suddenly , it is very likely that the driver of the car
will not have time to stop. The car that you are driving will crash into
the vehicle in front . While the brakes or crash can make the car stop
suddenly, the same does not apply to your body.

Q.14: Can wearing a seat belt prevent death or serious injury?

Ans: Wearing a seat belt does not make us invincible. We can still get
hurt or killed while wearing our seat belts. But wearing seat belts
minimizes our chances of getting killed or seriously injured; it has
proven to be safer than driving without them. We are much less likely
to be killed in a car wreck if we are wearing seat belts. We are much
less likely to get seriously injured if we are wearing one. We are likely
to have a lesser financial burden.

Q.15: How is the click of a seat belt button insurance?

Ans: The click of a seat belt is insurance that safeguards our safety
and survival. We can lose our life and limb, or waste our time and
money, or both, by not wearing our seat belts.
OR
Seat belts save lives and this is a fact. The click of a seat belt is an
insurance that safeguards your safety and survival. You can lose your
life and limb or waste your time and money or both if you do not wear
a seat belt. Every time that you get into a car, you must wear a seat
belt for the safety of you and your family.

Pre-reading
1. How we hear about road accidents do we hear about road
accident, i.e., accidents in which people die?
Ans: We hears about road accident every second day and often hears
two to four accidents every month in which people die.

2. Have you heard or read about a fatal road accident recently?

Ans: Yes, recently I have heard a fatal road accident. A motorcyclist
was hitten by bus so badly and died on the spot.

3. How can people protect their lives and limbs while riding a
bike or travelling in a car?
Ans: People can protect their lives and limbs while riding a bike or
travelling in a car by following traffic rules. People must have control
on their speed and they should wear helmet while driving a bike and
fastening a seat belt when driving a car.

TEXT BOOK EXERCISE

UNIT 8.1
READING COMPREHENSION
EXERCISE 1
Read the text and circle the right answer for filling the blanks.
After completing, discuss your choices with your partner.
1. The text is about the importance of ____.
a) traffic rules
b) civic sense
c) helmets and seat belts
d) driving safely

2. Among other things, helmets can save us from _____.

a) body injury
b) head injury
c) knee injury
d) foot injury

3. Wearing or not wearing a seat belt can be a matter of ____.

a) life and death
b) personal defeat
c) no concern
d) little importance

EXERCISE 2
I. Read the text and underline the words given in column A, in
Boxes 1-6. The meanings of all these words are given in column
B in a jumbled manner. Find the correct meaning and write the
corresponding letter in column C.
Column
S.NO. Column A Column B
C
1.  fatal  a) additional thing d
2.  measures  b) not paying attention to i
3.  crucial  c) facing possible harm f
4.  accessory  d) causing death a
5.  pillion  e) unexpected j
6.  proportionately  f) very important h
7.  vulnerable  g) doing something for pleasure c
8.  indulging  h) when compared in numbers g
 i) steps or actions taken for a
9.  disregarding b
purpose
10.  untoward  j) a passenger on a motorbike e

II. Read the text and underline the words given in column A, in
Boxes A-F. The meanings of all these words are given in column
B in a jumbled manner. Find the correct meaning and write the
corresponding letter in column C.
Column
S.NO. Column A Column B
C
 1.  option  k) sliding m
2.  cumbersome  l) totally secure or safe u
3.  tough  m) choice p
4.  anchored  n) putting at risk s
5.  skidding  p) difficult k
 q) something clear but not clearly
6.  implications q
stated
7.  limitations  r) protects t
8.  invincible  s) firmly held in place l
9.  safeguards  t) inability to perform r
10.  exposing  u) unnecessarily slowing n

EXERCISE 3
The titles in the following table represent one box each. Read
each box and select which title represents which box and write
the box number in the given column.
S.NO. Title Box No.
1.  Avoiding head injuries 3
2.  Does wearing a seat belt guarantee no harm? E
3.  Helmet: summary 6
4.  Brakes for saving your body B
5.  Seat belts: summary F
6.  Fun and safety in motorbike riding 1
7.  Comfort or harm, what is a better choice? A
8.  Challenges voiced against wearing helmets 4
9.  Is wearing a seat belt an option? C
10.  Why wear helmets? 2
11.  Cost in terms of money D
12.  Helmets and eye protection S
EXERCISE 4
Circle the right option.
1. Two _____ that if undertaken by people can protect them.
a) decisions
b) measures
c) policies
d) commitments

2. Both riders and riders should wear helmets.

a) companion
b) passenger
c) pillion
d) traveller

3. Not wearing a helmet increases the chances of _____.

a) damages
b) accidents
c) loss
d) severe injuries

4. Brain injury in a motorbike accident can lead to permanent

______.
a) forgetfulness
b) disability
c) problems
d) ill health

5. Those not wearing helmets are ____ times more likely to suffer
from head injuries.
a) ten
b) five
c) two
d) three

6. Wearing a seat belt is like enclosing between _____.

a) comfort and pain
b) ease and unease
c) safety and security
d) life and death

7. Fastening your seat belt can save you from getting _____.
a) under the car
b) thrown out
c) crushed
d) head injury

8. Putting on your seat belt requires ______.

a) a little effort
b) a lot of effort
c) a little patience
d) a lot of patience

9. If you wear seat belt you will ____.

a) always be safe
b) never be safe
c) never be in trouble
d) mostly be safe

10. Every time you get into your car you make a ____.
a) choice
b) decision
c) promise
d) mistake

EXERCISE 5
Read the text and answer the following questions in your
notebook. After completing, compare your answers with your
partner and make corrections where needed.
a. What two important safety measures can save people's lives?
Ans: See Q.2 above in Question and Answers.
b. Why is a helmet an important safety gear?
Ans: See Q.3 above in Question and Answers.

c. How can not wearing a helmet change the life of bike riders
and their families forever?
Ans: See Q.7 above in Question and Answers.

d. What happens when a car stops suddenly?

Ans: See Q.13 above in Question and Answers.

e. How is the click of a seat belt button an insurance?

Ans: See Q.15 above in Question and Answers.

EXERCISE 6
Work in pairs. Complete the statements given in column A with
their respective parts in column B and write the alphabet of the
respective part in the answer column.
S.NO. Column A Column B Ans
 a) a motorbike ride
1.  Wearing a helmet can provide i
comfortable and safe.
 Wind, sun rays, and dust  b) you can end up paying a
2. f
particles can fine
 Long term exposure to eye  c) depending on how serious
3. d
damaging factors can the injuries are
 In winter, the cold winds can  d) result in major eye related
4. h
cause health issues
 Wearing a helmet in winter  e) can also affect one's
5. a
can make earning capability
 Wearing a seat belt can save  t) hinder vision leading to
6. j
you unexpected problems
 Not wearing a seat belt can  g) high medical expenses due
7. g
lead to to injuries
 Medical expenses can be long  h) discomfort and also affect
8. c
term or short term the vision
9.  Injuries resulting from not  i) multiple benefits to the rider e
 wearing seat belts
 Breaking the law by not
10.   j) from unnecessary expenses b
wearing the seat belt

EXERCISE 7
Work in pairs. Read the boxes indicated, and write the reasons in
each case.
HELMETS (Boxes 1, 2 & 4)
Reasons why people don't
Reasons why people should wear helmets
wear helmets
 *To save one self from head injuries  *It causes heat
 *To save one self from dust , sun rays and
 *It seems uncomfortable
rough wind
 *It causes too much sweating
 *To follow traffic rules
and this irritates rider.
 *To save oneself from getting fined by the
 *It effects hair style
traffic police
 *A motorcycle helmet is a crucial safety
accessory not only for the rider but also for  -
pillion riders.
 *A helmet is an important safety gear that can
save us from a life and limb threatening and  -
injury.
SEAT BELTS (BOXES A,C & E)
Reasons why people don’t
Reasons why people should wear seat belts
wear seat belts
 *To control movement.  *To change seats .
 *To save oneself if car skids.  *It seems uncomfortable
 *It effects the pressing of
 *to oneself from serious injuries.
dress
 *The click of a seat belt is insurance that
 *It cramp their style
safeguards our safety and survival.
 *We can lose our life and limb in serious
 -
accidents.
 *Lesser financial burden and save time.  -
 *Minimises our chances of getting killed or
 -
seriously injured.

Unit-8 - Civic Sense And Civics Activities

Reading Comprehension
Safety Measures That Can Save Your Life
English For Class X (2022 and Onward
Multiple Choice Questions
1. The text is about the importance of ____.
a) traffic rules
b) civic sense
c) helmets and seat belts
d) driving safely

2. Among other things, helmets can save us from

_____.
a) body injury
b) head injury
c) knee injury
d) foot injury

3. Wearing or not wearing a seat belt can be a matter of

____.
a) life and death
b) personal defeat
c) no concern
d) little importance

4. Two _____ that if undertaken by people can protect

them.
a) decisions
b) measures
c) policies
d) commitments

5. Both riders and riders should wear helmets.

a) companion
b) passenger
c) pillion
d) traveller

6. Not wearing a helmet increases the chances of

_____.
a) damages
b) accidents
c) loss
d) severe injuries

7. Brain injury in a motorbike accident can lead to

permanent ______.
a) forgetfulness
b) disability
c) problems
d) ill health

8. Those not wearing helmets are ____ times more

likely to suffer from head injuries.
a) ten
b) five
c) two
d) three

9. Wearing a seat belt is like enclosing between _____.

a) comfort and pain
b) ease and unease
c) safety and security
d) life and death

10. Fastening your seat belt can save you from getting
_____.
a) under the car
b) thrown out
c) crushed
d) head injury

11. Putting on your seat belt requires ______.

a) a little effort
b) a lot of effort
c) a little patience
d) a lot of patience

12. If you wear seat belt you will ____.

a) always be safe
b) never be safe
c) never be in trouble
d) mostly be safe

13. Every time you get into your car you make a ____.
a) choice
b) decision
c) promise
d) mistake

14. One of the key reason of road accident is:

a) bad condition of vehicles
b) Unexperienced driver
c) over speeding
d) disregard for traffic rules

15. They are the most widespread cause of death in

motorcycle accidents.
a) Heart attack
b) Head injuries
c) Chest injuries
d) Shoulder injuries

LITTLE THINGS
 Words/Meaning

S.No Words Meaning

1. Above Beyond the sky
2. Deeds Actions
The garden of paradise, where our first parents Adam
3. Eden  and Eve lived. An Arab country has the same name,
but it is spelt "Aden".
4. Grain Tiny bits of things
5. Heaven Paradise
6. Kindness Mercy
7. Little Small
8. Mighty Powerful
9. Ocean Sea

About Poetess
Julia Carney (1823-1908)
This poem is written by Julia Carney (1823-1908). She was an
American verse writer. She was born in Boston, and died in 1908. Not
much is known about her. This poem was first published in 1845. It is
a simple children's song to explain that even little things are important.
Central Idea
Reference: This poem is written by Julia Carney. The poem emphasis
upon the importance of little
things.
Central Idea:  Nothing in this material world is unimportant. Even little
things, which fail to claim and importance and fail to invite our
attention, have their importance which cannot be ignored. Same as
short, brief an soft spoken words create an everlasting impression in
the hearts of others. Thus help to establish a harmonies society.
Theme:  “If a great thing is simple to explain and easy to understand
then the little things demand
elaboration of details.”
 OR
"Little things like loving, caring and forgiveness are of great
importance."
Summary
This short poem has been written by the American poetess,
Julia Carney. The poetess says that even small and little
things have importance in the world. She says that little drops
of water make mighty oceans. Similarly little grains of sand go
together to make the vast desert. In the same way little deeds
of kindness and sympathy and a few words of love and
affection can solve the problems of life. They can change our
world into a heaven. If we can not do well to others, we can at
least speak good words to them. To bring joy in their lives, in
this way we may become a source of happiness to many
people.

LITTLE THINGS
Questions-Answers and Text Book Exercise

Q.1: Who wrote the poem 'Little Things'? What makes our world
an Eden?
Ans: The poem "Little Things" is written by the America poetess Julia
Carney. According to the poetess, little deeds of kindness and little
words of love and sympathy make our world an Eden, a happy place
to live in wished by all.

Q.2: How do little deeds of kindness make our life happy?

Ans: Little deeds of kindness are a blessing of God. We can win the
hearts of by kind and loving words. We can gain everlasting joy when
we wipe the tears downtrodden and help the needy and the poor. It
provides joy and peace in return.

Q.3: What is an Eden?

Ans: Eden means the garden of paradise, where our first parents
Adam and Eve lived. An Arab country has the same name, but it is
spelt: "Aden". It is a name of heaven, where the pious and the noble
people will live after their death. It is a everlasting  place of pleasure,
happiness and delight.

Q.4: How can we make our world an Eden?

Ans: We can make our world Eden by our little deeds of kindness. We
can do this only by wiping the tears of others in grief, nursing the sick,
feeding the hungry and cheering the depressed people. Our kind
words and sympathy make this world an ideal place and have
everlasting impression on people.

Q.5: Why are little things important? OR What is the importance

of 'Little things'?
Ans: We should not ignore little things.They are of great importance.
Often little things in life bring big changes. As little drops of water
make mighty oceans. Very vast and beautiful lands are made of little
grains of sand. Similarly little deeds of kindness make us dear to every
one even our enemies also. Although the moments of our .life are
humble yet they make mighty ages of endless time.

LITTLE THINGS
MCQs and Fill In the Blanks

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The poem "Little Things was written by ______.

a. Julia Carney
b. William Ross Wallace
c. Ralph Waldo Emerson
d. Eliza Cook

2. Julia Carney was born in ______.

a. 1822
b. 1823
c. 1907
d. 1908
3. Julia Carney died in ______.
a. 1822
b. 1823
c. 1907
d. 1908

4. Julia Carney was ______.

a. American
b. British
c. African
d. Dutch

5. "Little drops of _______ little grains of sand."

a. milk
b. water
c. tears
d. rain

6. Make the mighty _______ and the pleasant land.

a. sea
b. mountain
c. world
d. ocean

7. "Little deeds of _____, Little words of love."

a. sympathy
b. kindness
c. affection
d. virtue

8. Make our world an ______, Like the Heav'n above.

a. inn
b. Eden
c. image
d. example

9. Eden is the garden of _______ where our first parents Adam

and Eve lived.
a. heaven
b. flowers
c. paradise
d. place

10. Julia Carney was born in ______.

a. Texas
b. Boston
c. Houston
d. Wyoming

11. The poem "Little Things" was first published in _____.

a. 1745
b. 1845
c. 1945
d. 1985

12. The central idea of Little Things is that even little things are
_______.
a. important
b. significant
c. worth caring
d. worth noting

Fill In The Blanks:

1. This poem has been written by American poetess Julia
Carney.
2. Little drops of water make a mighty Ocean.
3. Little grains of sand make a pleasant land.
4. Little deeds of kindness and little words of love can
make our world an Eden.
5. "Little Thing" was first published in 1845.
 6. Eden means the garden of Paradise.
7. Mighty means powerful.
8. The poem is about deeds of kindness and words of
love.

THE MAN WHO WINS

Words/Meaning, About Poet, Central Idea  and Summary
Words / Meaning
S.No.  Words  Meanings
1. Anonymous Unknown
2. Beaten Defeated
3. Be sure of To have confidence
4. Certain Sure, Definite
5. Dare Have courage
6. Fellow Person
7. Out in the world In our experience
8. Outclassed Proved inferior to another
9. State of mind Mental condition
10. To lose heart To give up hopes
11. Will Determination

About Poet
Anonymous
The poet is Unknown.
Central Idea
Reference
The poem is anonymous that is the poet's name is unknown.
Central Idea
Though the poet for this poem is anonymous but it breathes out the
moral that we should produce in us a strong will power, self-
confidence and positive attitude towards life. Once we decides upon
an objective and has the will to do something suiting our natural
aptitude and use our energies in attaining it, we can work wonders
and will surely achieve it.
OR
The poem “The Man Who Wins” discloses the secret of success in life
by telling the importance of good, thoughts and will power. Power to
overcome any kind of complexes, widening of thoughts and complete
faith and self-confidence are the gems of perfect personality. By
thinking high a man can win over the battle of life.
Theme
Confidence and a strong will are necessary to success. Where there is
a will, there is a way. A strong will is the key to success.
Summary
This poem emphasizes upon the importance of good thoughts
and will power. It is written by an anonymous poet. It is rightly
said that man who thinks can win. Conversely, if your thinking
is optimistic and less practical than it will give negative
impression on your deeds. If you want to do something but
your thinking is negative, than you will left behind in the race
of life. Our way of actions, way of efficiency depends on the
thinking. We always find this rule every where. According to
the poet the germs of a personality are the power to get rid of
any kind of complexes, widening of thoughts and complete
faith and self-confidence. Life is a kind of war. You have to
fight every time while you are living your life. A man with
strong will and good thoughts can win over this battle.
Strengths of mind and integrity of thoughts are keys of
success. “One can never achieve anything lasting in this world
by being irresolute.”

THE MAN WHO WINS (POEM)

Questions-Answers and Text Book Exercise
A. Exercise:

Q.1: Express line 3 and 4 of the first stanza in your own

sentences? OR What happens to a person If he or she thinks that
something is not attainable?
Ans. The poet has conveyed a very powerful message through these
lines that if you have good facilities to do something but  your thinking
is negative, then you will fail to do it. If your thinking is pessimistic and
less practical you will get the result in the same way.
OR
A person needs to have a positive thinking to attain some goal in life.
Those who think high can get the highest aims in life. One has to be
confident for success.

Q.2: What according to the poet qualities needed by a person to

get success in life? OR How does success begin?
Ans. The poet has given a good description of the gems of a perfect
personality. Will-power to overcome any kind of complexes, widening
of thoughts and complete faith and self-confidence are the basic
pillars of success. Thus the success begin with a person's will and a
man can struggle with the resistance of life.

Q.3: " What are the results according to the poet brought by high
thoughts? OR Who wins the battle of life?
Ans. The poet has explained the advantages of high thoughts in a
very convincing way that widening of thoughts provides spiritual power
to us. Strength of mind and integrity of thoughts are the real rewards
of high thoughts. If a person thinks high he can win over the battle of
life.
OR
A person who thinks high and believes that he can win. A person who
has a will to win, and a person who is sure of his success; only such
person wins the battles of life. It begins and ends will fellow will.

Q.4: What is the message or central idea of the poem “The Man
who Wins”?
Ans. The poem “The Man Who Wins” discloses the secret of success
in life by telling the importance of good, thoughts and will power.
Power to overcome any kind of complexes, widening of thoughts and
complete faith and self-confidence are the gems of perfect personality.
By thinking high a man can win over the battle of life.
 OR
This poem gives us the message of self-confidence and self-reliance.
If we want to win but at the same time, we think that it is impossible,
then surely nothing will fall into our pocket. On other hand, a good
person who may not be in position but still he is determined will surely
get success because it all is in the state of mind.
OR

In this poem poet conveys the message that every thing depends
upon will, determination and self confidence of a person. He says that
if  we think – that we are defeated and have no courage it is sure that
we will not get success. If we like to win but we think we don't it is
certain that we will lose. Our success or failure depends up on our
state of mind. If we start a work with doubt in our mind we will not
succeed. But if we begin our work with full confidence we will surely
win. We must be sure before starting any task. It is the man who has
strong will determination and full confidence always becomes winner
in the battle of life.
OR
The message of the poem The Man Who Wins is that we
should have a will to do something. We should be sure of
ourselves. It is due to our mind and not due to our body that
we can reach the highest position in life. Briefly where there is
a will, there is a way.

Q.5: Who has written this poem?

Ans. This poem is has been written by anonymous poet. It
means that the name of the poet is not known.

Q.6: What is the importance of will in life?

Ans. Where there is a will, there is a way. A Strong will is
necessary to be successful in life. One should have a strong
will to achieve something in life.

Q.7: How can we rise high in this world?

Ans. We can rise high if we think high. Confidence, resolution
and determination play important roles in life. Only those
people attain the lofty aims and places in life who are sure of
themselves. The success in life is related to mind. We should
be clear in mind about our goals.

Q.8: Does a man need to be strong to get his aim in life?

Ans. Life's battles don't always go to the stronger or faster
man. The man who wins is the man who thinks he can. We
should build confidence in ourselves. Only then we can be the
winner in every field of life.

Essays
Role of social media
Social media has become an integral part of our daily lives, changing the way
we communicate, share information, and connect with others. Social media
platforms have transformed the way we interact with one another, making it
easier than ever before to stay connected with friends, family, and
acquaintances around the world. However, social media's impact extends far
beyond personal relationships, and it now plays a crucial role in shaping the
world we live in. In this essay, we will discuss the role of social media and its
impact on society.

One of the most significant impacts of social media has been its ability to
democratize information. Before the advent of social media, information was
controlled by a small group of gatekeepers, such as news editors and
publishers. Today, anyone can share information with the world, making it
easier for marginalized communities to have their voices heard. Social media
has provided a platform for people to share their experiences, stories, and
opinions with a global audience, enabling them to connect with others who
share their interests and concerns. This has helped to build communities
around important issues, such as climate change, social justice, and mental
health.

Another significant impact of social media is its ability to facilitate social and
political activism. Social media has made it easier for people to organize and
mobilize around shared goals, from promoting environmental sustainability to
advocating for human rights. Social media has played a crucial role in recent
social and political movements, such as the Arab Spring and Black Lives
Matter, by enabling people to communicate and coordinate their efforts in
real-time. This has led to increased awareness and action around important
issues, as well as increased accountability for those in power.

Social media has also transformed the way we consume and create media.
With the rise of social media influencers and user-generated content,
traditional media outlets are no longer the only sources of information and
entertainment. Social media has made it easier for people to produce and
consume content, giving rise to new forms of entertainment, such as TikTok
and Instagram reels. This has also created new opportunities for brands to
connect with consumers, by partnering with social media influencers to
promote their products and services.

However, social media's impact is not entirely positive. Social media has been
criticized for its role in spreading misinformation and fake news, which can
have serious consequences for public health and safety. Social media has also
been criticized for its role in exacerbating mental health issues, such as anxiety
and depression, by creating unrealistic standards of beauty and success.

In conclusion, social media has played a significant role in shaping the world
we live in, enabling us to connect with others, democratizing information,
facilitating social and political activism, and transforming the way we consume
and create media. While there are certainly negative aspects to social media,
its overall impact has been largely positive, empowering people to have a
greater voice in society and promoting greater awareness and action around
important issues.

Need and importance of Muslim unity

Muslim unity is a crucial need of the hour. In the current world scenario,
where Islamophobia and anti-Muslim sentiments are on the rise, it is essential
for Muslims to unite and work together to address these challenges. The
importance of Muslim unity is not limited to just countering external threats but
also has significant implications for the development and progress of the
Muslim community.

Firstly, unity among Muslims is necessary to create a strong collective voice

that can represent the Muslim community on global platforms. When Muslims
speak with a unified voice, it gives them greater credibility and legitimacy,
making it easier to advocate for their rights and address issues that affect
them. The lack of unity among Muslims has often resulted in their
marginalization, with their concerns and issues being ignored or dismissed.

Secondly, Muslim unity is essential to promote peace and stability in the

Muslim world. Divisions and conflicts among Muslims have often been
exploited by external powers to maintain their control and dominance over
Muslim nations. Unity among Muslims can help to address internal conflicts
and promote greater cooperation, creating a more stable and peaceful Muslim
world.

Thirdly, Muslim unity can help to promote economic development and

progress in Muslim countries. When Muslims work together, they can
leverage their resources and expertise to promote trade and investment,
creating greater economic opportunities for Muslim countries. This can help to
reduce poverty and improve the standard of living for Muslims around the
world.

Fourthly, Muslim unity can play a crucial role in countering extremist and
terrorist ideologies that have plagued the Muslim world. These ideologies
often thrive on the divisions and conflicts among Muslims, and a united
Muslim community can help to counter these ideologies by promoting a more
inclusive and tolerant understanding of Islam.

Lastly, Muslim unity is essential to preserve and promote the rich cultural and
intellectual heritage of the Muslim world. The Muslim world has a rich history
of art, literature, and scholarship, which has often been ignored or
marginalized in the face of external pressures. Muslim unity can help to
promote greater appreciation and preservation of this heritage, ensuring that
it is passed on to future generations.

In conclusion, Muslim unity is not just a desirable goal but an essential need
of the hour. The unity of Muslims can play a crucial role in promoting their
rights and interests, promoting peace and stability, promoting economic
development, countering extremist ideologies, and preserving the rich cultural
heritage of the Muslim world. It is, therefore, the responsibility of every Muslim
to work towards greater unity and cooperation within the Muslim community.

The most disastrous flood in 2022 in Pakistan

In the year 2022, Pakistan experienced one of the most disastrous floods in
its history, which caused widespread devastation across the country. The
flood was caused by heavy monsoon rains that continued for several weeks,
causing the rivers to overflow and the water to inundate the surrounding
areas. The flood affected millions of people, causing loss of life, property, and
livelihoods. In this essay, we will discuss the most disastrous flood in 2022 in
Pakistan and its impact on the country.
The flood began in late July 2022 and continued for several weeks, causing
widespread devastation across the country. The flood affected several
provinces, including Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, and Balochistan.
The floodwaters caused massive damage to homes, crops, and infrastructure,
including roads, bridges, and power plants. The floodwaters also disrupted
transportation and communication networks, making it difficult for rescue and
relief efforts to reach affected areas.

The impact of the flood on human life was devastating. The flood caused the
deaths of thousands of people and left millions homeless. People lost their
homes, their livelihoods, and their loved ones. The flood also caused severe
health problems, such as waterborne diseases, which spread quickly due to
the lack of clean water and sanitation facilities.

The flood also caused significant economic losses, with estimates of the total
cost of the damage running into billions of dollars. The agricultural sector,
which is the backbone of Pakistan's economy, suffered massive losses due to
the destruction of crops and livestock. The flood also caused damage to
factories and industries, leading to loss of jobs and a decline in economic
growth.

The government of Pakistan responded to the disaster by launching a

massive relief and rescue operation. The army, along with other government
agencies, worked to evacuate people from affected areas and provide them
with food, shelter, and medical assistance. The government also appealed to
the international community for aid and support to help in the relief and
recovery efforts.

In conclusion, the most disastrous flood in 2022 in Pakistan was a

catastrophic event that caused widespread devastation across the country.
The flood caused the deaths of thousands of people, left millions homeless,
and caused significant economic losses. The response of the government of
Pakistan to the disaster was commendable, but the long-term impact of the
flood on the country's economy and people cannot be ignored. It is imperative
that steps are taken to improve Pakistan's infrastructure and disaster
management systems to prevent such disasters from occurring in the future.

Problems of Karachi city

Karachi, the largest city in Pakistan, is facing numerous problems that have
significantly impacted the quality of life for its residents. The problems faced
by Karachi range from the issues of infrastructure and public services to
social and economic challenges. In this essay, we will discuss some of the
major problems of Karachi city.

One of the most pressing problems of Karachi is its inadequate infrastructure.

The city's roads, bridges, and transportation networks are in poor condition,
causing severe traffic congestion and delays. The sewerage and drainage
systems are also inadequate, leading to frequent flooding during the monsoon
season. The shortage of clean drinking water is also a significant issue in
Karachi, with many residents relying on contaminated water sources.

Another major problem facing Karachi is the lack of adequate public services.
The city's public hospitals and schools are underfunded and understaffed,
making it difficult for residents to access essential services. The police force
in Karachi is also insufficient, leading to high crime rates and poor law and
order conditions.

Karachi is also facing severe environmental problems. The city is known for
its poor air quality, with high levels of pollution caused by industrial emissions,
vehicular traffic, and waste burning. The city's coastal areas are also affected
by pollution, with the dumping of industrial and household waste into the sea
leading to significant damage to marine ecosystems.

The socio-economic challenges facing Karachi are also significant. The city
has a large population of informal settlers living in slums and informal
settlements. These residents often lack access to basic services and live in
poor conditions. Unemployment and poverty are also significant issues in
Karachi, with many residents struggling to make ends meet.

In conclusion, Karachi city is facing numerous challenges that have impacted

the quality of life for its residents. The inadequate infrastructure, lack of public
services, environmental problems, and socio-economic challenges have
contributed to the city's problems. It is essential that the government and
other stakeholders take immediate and effective steps to address these
challenges and improve the living conditions for the residents of Karachi.

Energy Crisis in Pakistan

Pakistan is facing an energy crisis that has significant impacts on its economy
and the daily lives of its citizens. The country is heavily dependent on
imported oil, gas, and electricity, which makes it vulnerable to price
fluctuations and supply disruptions. In this essay, we will discuss the energy
crisis in Pakistan, its causes, and its impacts on the country.

One of the primary causes of the energy crisis in Pakistan is the lack of
investment in the energy sector. The government has not allocated enough
funds to develop the energy infrastructure, such as power plants,
transmission lines, and distribution networks. As a result, the energy sector is
not able to meet the increasing demand for electricity and gas.

The energy crisis has significant impacts on the economy of Pakistan. The
lack of electricity and gas leads to reduced industrial production, which affects
the country's GDP growth. The energy crisis also leads to frequent power
outages and load shedding, which disrupts the daily lives of citizens and
businesses. These outages have a particularly significant impact on hospitals,
schools, and other essential services, making it difficult for them to function
effectively.

The energy crisis also has severe social impacts. The shortage of electricity
and gas leads to increased poverty and unemployment. Businesses are
forced to shut down or scale back operations, leading to job losses. Citizens
are forced to spend more on alternative sources of energy, such as
generators and fuel, increasing their expenses.

The energy crisis in Pakistan also has significant environmental impacts. The
country relies heavily on fossil fuels, which are a significant contributor to
greenhouse gas emissions. The lack of investment in renewable energy
sources means that Pakistan is not reducing its carbon footprint or meeting its
commitments under the Paris Climate Agreement.

To address the energy crisis, the government of Pakistan is taking several

measures, such as investing in renewable energy, encouraging private sector
investment, and improving energy efficiency. The government is also
exploring options for importing natural gas from neighboring countries, such
as Iran and Turkmenistan.

In conclusion, the energy crisis in Pakistan is a significant challenge that has

significant impacts on the economy, society, and the environment. The lack of
investment in the energy sector and the over-dependence on imported energy
sources are the primary causes of the crisis. To address the crisis, the
government must invest in the energy sector and explore options for
diversifying the country's energy mix

Annual prize distribution function at school

The annual prize distribution function at school is a highly anticipated event
for students, teachers, and parents. It is a celebration of the academic and
extracurricular achievements of students and a recognition of their hard work
throughout the academic year. In this essay, we will discuss the annual prize
distribution function at school, its significance, and the activities that take
place during the event.

The annual prize distribution function is typically held towards the end of the
academic year. The function is a formal event that is attended by the school
management, teachers, parents, and students. The event usually begins with
a welcome speech by the school principal, followed by various cultural
programs and speeches by students.

The highlight of the annual prize distribution function is the distribution of

prizes to students who have excelled in academics, sports, and other
extracurricular activities. Prizes are typically awarded for academic
excellence, attendance, sports, music, arts, and community service. The top-
performing students in each subject and class are recognized, and awards
are also given to students who have shown remarkable improvement during
the year.

The annual prize distribution function has significant significance for the
school community. Firstly, it serves as a motivation for students to work hard
and excel in academics and other activities. The recognition and appreciation
received by students during the event boost their confidence and self-esteem,
encouraging them to aim for greater heights in their academic and
extracurricular pursuits.

Secondly, the annual prize distribution function is an opportunity for parents to

witness the academic and extracurricular achievements of their children.
Parents get to see the progress of their children and the efforts they have put
in throughout the year. This strengthens the bond between parents and
children and encourages parents to play an active role in their children's
academic and extracurricular activities.

Lastly, the annual prize distribution function is an occasion to celebrate the

collective achievements of the school community. It is an opportunity for
teachers, students, and parents to come together and celebrate the hard work
and dedication of the entire school community. This fosters a sense of unity
and community spirit among the school community.

In conclusion, the annual prize distribution function at school is an important

event that recognizes and appreciates the hard work and dedication of
students and teachers. It serves as a motivation for students to aim for
excellence in academics and other activities, strengthens the bond between
parents and children, and celebrates the collective achievements of the
school community.

An Exciting T20 Cricket Match

Cricket is a popular sport around the world, and T20 cricket has taken the
world by storm due to its fast-paced and thrilling nature. I had the pleasure of
attending an exciting T20 cricket match recently, and in this essay, I will share
my experience.

The match took place on a sunny afternoon at a packed stadium. The

atmosphere was electric, with fans from both teams cheering loudly and
waving flags in support of their respective teams. The players were warming
up on the field, and the anticipation of the match was palpable.

The match began with the toss, and the visiting team won and chose to bat
first. The first over was a cautious one, with the home team's bowler keeping
it tight and not giving away any runs. The second over, however, saw a flurry
of boundaries from the visiting team's batsmen, and the excitement level in
the stadium went up a notch.

As the innings progressed, the visiting team continued to score runs quickly,
and the home team struggled to keep them in check. The fielding was
intense, with diving catches and sliding stops, and the crowd cheered loudly
at every good piece of fielding.

The home team's turn to bat came, and their opening batsmen got off to a
quick start, scoring boundaries off the first few balls. The visiting team's
bowlers, however, were up to the challenge and took wickets at regular
intervals, putting pressure on the home team's middle order.

The match was evenly poised as the final over began, with the home team
needing 10 runs to win. The visiting team's bowler bowled a tight over,
conceding only 6 runs and taking a crucial wicket, which meant the home
team fell short of the target by 3 runs.

The match was a thrilling spectacle from start to finish, and the excitement of
the fans was evident throughout the match. The experience of attending a
T20 cricket match is truly one to remember, with the fast-paced nature of the
game and the high levels of excitement making for an unforgettable
experience.

In conclusion, attending an exciting T20 cricket match is an experience that is

hard to match. The fast-paced nature of the game, the skill of the players, and
the passion of the fans all contribute to making it a thrilling spectacle. It is an
experience that any cricket fan should try to experience at least once in their
lifetime.

Lavish spending on wedding ceremonies

Wedding ceremonies are significant events in our society, and they are often
accompanied by lavish spending on decorations, clothing, and catering. While
weddings are meant to be a joyous occasion to celebrate the union of two
individuals, excessive spending on weddings has become a growing concern
in recent times. In this essay, we will discuss the consequences of lavish
spending on wedding ceremonies.

The culture of lavish spending on wedding ceremonies has become

increasingly common in many parts of the world. People feel pressure to
spend a significant amount of money on weddings to meet societal
expectations and impress their guests. This often results in families going into
debt, which can cause financial stress for years to come.
Excessive spending on wedding ceremonies can also lead to an unequal
distribution of wealth. Those who cannot afford to spend large amounts of
money on their wedding may feel excluded from society or judged by others.
This can lead to social pressure and emotional stress, causing individuals to
spend beyond their means to maintain social status.

Furthermore, lavish spending on weddings has environmental implications.

The materials used in decorations, clothing, and catering can contribute to
waste and pollution. The use of disposable plates and cutlery, for instance,
can lead to plastic waste that harms the environment. Similarly, the
transportation used for wedding ceremonies can contribute to pollution and
carbon emissions.

In conclusion, while weddings are a significant part of our culture, excessive

spending on them can have serious consequences. It can lead to financial
stress, social pressure, and environmental damage. We must strive to
promote a more sustainable and responsible approach to wedding
ceremonies. It is essential to focus on the true meaning of the wedding
ceremony and celebrate it with loved ones rather than being preoccupied with
lavish spending.