07 FO - FC3100 - E02 - 1 VoLTE Voice Integrated Solution - P40

VoLTE Voice Integrated Solution
CONTENTS
n LTE Voice Solution

n VoLTE Technology Overview
n VoLTE Overall Network Structure
2
Driving Force of the Voice Service in the LTE Era
Voice and SMS messages are still VoLTE

SvLTE
the main source of the revenues of
1
operators.
Operators are facing the

challenges of the Internet VoLTE
CSFB
and OTT.
2
The LTE network does not

define the CS-based voice VoLTE
service. 3
© ZTE All rights reserved 3

Development Process of LTE Voice Technology
SvLTE CSFB eSRVCC VoLTE
IMS IMS
PSTN/P INTRENET INTRENET

PSTN/ INTRENET PSTN/ INTRENET
LMN PLMN PLMN
2/3G EPC 2/3G EPC 2/3G EPC

SGs Sv EPC
CS CS CS
2G/3G LTE
2G/3G LTE 2G/3G LTE LTE
Voice Voice Voice Voice

Data Data Terminal Data Terminal
Terminal Data Terminal
The LTE network has not provided seamless coverage. LTE seamless
LTE voice services fall back to the 2/3G network. coverage

Solution Comparison
CSFB SVLTE VoLTE
First released in 2011, without mass
UE maturity First released in 2011 First released in 2012
production
UE costs Normal High Normal
UE energy
Normal High Normal
consumption
Mature (the hardware of the existing
The IOT was started at the end of
System maturity The IOT was started in 2012. network does not need to be changed in
2012.
the 2/3G/LTE)
•3GPP Rel-8: Defined.
3GPP Rel-8: Defined.
Standard •3GPP Rel-9: Added e1xCSFB and dual radio -
3GPP Rel-9: Added eSRVCC.
1xCSFB
• The establishment duration is long.
• If a UE attaches to the LTE network, the UE needs High-quality communication, and
User experience It is essentially a 2G/3G CS voice solution.
to be handed over every time. the RCS is supported.
•It is essentially a 2/3G CS voice solution.
•The IMS needs to be established.
Existing network
The MSC and HLR need to be upgraded. No need. •The MSC/MME/HLR needs to be
upgrade
upgraded.
This solution is deployed rarely, which
This solution is used by most operators, for
Application is mainly used in the CDMA market, for Final target
example, AT&T, KDDI, and Airtel.
example, Verizon Wireless.
• Applicable to the early phase of the LTE network .
• Applicable to the early phase of the
Application •The seamless coverage of the LTE network has The IMS has already been
LTE network .
scenario not been complete. deployed.
•Fast deployment is required.
•The IMS has not been deployed.
Summary Mature transition solution Temporary selection Final target

Voice Service Strategy of High-End Operators
CS-Based Voice Solution IMS-Based Voice Solution
SvLTE
IMS VoLTE
CS VoLTE
+eSRVCC
CSFB

VoLTE Progress of International Operators
n VoLTE has already become a broad consensus of international operators and been
considered as the development trend. The development of VoLTE can be divided into
the following two modes:
n Mode 1: VOLTE/eSRVCC (China Mobile):
l Most operators select this mode, for example, AT&T, NTT DoCoMo, SKT, and Vodafone.
l The reason for selecting this mode is that accumulation of the 2G/3G network is good or it is difficult to
quickly provide full LTE coverage of LTE in the early promotion phase of VoLTE.
n Mode 2: Use wireless wide-coverage to provide VoLTE without eSRVCC.

l All CDMA operators select mode 2, for example, Verizon, Sprint, KDDI, KT, and LG U+.

VoLTE Voice Driving Force

VoLTE and OTT Voice
Differences Between VoLTE and OTT Voice Services
VoLTE OTT Voice Service
Calling and called users Calling party: VoLTE user 1. Both the calling and called parties are OTT
Called party: any call user online users.
2. If the called party is not an OTT online user,
the call is handed over to the operator call.
Audio and video voice Supported. Supported.
Voice coding In most cases, the coding supported by VoLTE The coding supported by OTT voice APP uses the
Video coding terminals and the coding supported by the general standard coding of the telecom industry
operator network are the general standard coding or the private coding developed by OTT.
of the telecom industry, for example, AMR2, AMR-
WB, or VGA.
Basic call delay Telecom-class. In most cases, the periods of "audio record +
(IP package + transmission) In most cases, general voice coding uses 20 ms segment package" and "segment package"
package period. depends on APP software.
IP channel provided by the IMS APN dedicated bearer. APN default bearer of Internal services.
LTE/EPC network
IP channel QoS of the LTE/EPC The LTE wireless network and EPC core network The LTE wireless network and EPC core network
network provide the do not distinguish OTT voice packets or data
QoS guarantee required by the media bearers of service packets. QoS guarantee is provided based
audio and video voice services. on user levels.
If the resources of the LTE wireless network and OTT voice quality and call delays depend on the
EPC core network are insufficient, IP channel QoS busy degree of the current LTE/EPC network and
provides resource guarantee for voice serives. the anti-packet loss capability and anti-delay
capability of APP voice coding.
VoLTE HD Voice Services, Wonderful Experience Not to Miss
Frequency MOS Whether can Capture Details
No.
Narrowband
300~3.4KHz 3.5 Sometimes, the pronunciations of “S” and “F” can be
voice
confusing.
Yes.
HD voice 50~7KHz 4.5
VoLTE provides a warmer dialogue atmosphere.
IMS Core
CSCF AS
LTE EPC EPC LTE

WB-AMR
WB-AMR WB-AMR WB-AMR WB-AMR
Voice in IP Voice in IP Voice in IP Voice in IP
Operators have more advantages than Internet companies in

developing HD voice services
OTT Operator
Unstable QoS based on network loads Operator-level QoS guarantee
Hard to communicate with other VOIP services Realize ubiquitous HD
The coding mode may occupy more High-efficient coding designed for the mobile
resources network

Commercial Service Features of VoLTE (Using SKT as an Example)
n Perceivable VoLTE
The VoLTE and HD Voice flags are displayed on the screen of a terminal to inform the
User user that VoLTE services are in use.
Experience n HD voice and video services
A user can switch between voice and video services during a call.
n Integration of VoLTE and RCS
Provides enhanced contact book, displays terminal capabilities
, and supports video sharing and message services.
Galaxy S III
n HD Voice
VoLTE HD voice service uses an Adaptive Multi-Rate Wideband (AMR-WB) voice coding
rate of 23.85 KB, which is equivalent to 2.2 times of the existing Adaptive Multiple Rate
Service Features (AMR). SKT claims that the voice quality is 40% higher than that of a 3G network.
n SRVCC not deployed
The voice continuity switching from the LTE to CS domain is not supported
n Shortening of voice duration
The voice duration of a call is shortened to 0.25-2.5 s, which is 2-20 times of that of a
3G network.
n MetroPCS
Pricing Modes $50 monthly plan: including unlimited data traffic, voice, VoLTE, and messages.
SKT and U+
HD voice services and 3G voice services
share the same tariff.
The tariff of VoLTE video services is
slightly higher than that of 3G video services .

(e)SRVCC Application Scenario
Continuous LTE coverage

Terminals support the
has not been provided.
SRVCC function.
2G/3G network coverage has

been provided.
SRVCC High-quality voice
services are required.
The EPC supports SRVCC.
Voice and data services

need to be transmitted
IMS-based VoLTE has concurrently.
already been deployed.
Operator User

VoLTE Application Scenario
Continuous LTE coverage

has not been provided. Terminals support VoLTE.
IMS has already been

deployed.
VoLTE High-quality voice
services are required.
Low-delay fallback
network.
Voice and data services

need to be transmitted
concurrently.
The CS network reaches
the capacity bottleneck.
Operator User

How to Deploy VoLTE
Early deployment Further deployment Final deployment

3GPP camp
LTE CSFB LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE

LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE
LTE LTE LTE LTE
LTE LTE
2G/3G 2G/3GVoLTE+eSRVCC VoLTE
LTE
LTE
LTE LTE LTE
LTE LTE LTE LTE
LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE
LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE

CONTENTS

15
Introduction to VoLTE
n Voice over Long Term-- Evolution (VoLTE) refers to the LTE voice solution based on the IMS network. It is an
end-to-end voice solution based on the LTE network, full IP, and IMS server. All the services of VoLTE are
carried over the 4G network to achieve the unification of data and voice services in the same network.
l Voice sessions are controlled by IMS NEs. On the LTE side, voices are transmitted in the form of IP packages.
l Compared with traditional OTT voice services, such as Skype, Wechat, and QQ Voice, VoLTE can be controlled by the operator. In
other words, voice service identification, call establishment, and billing are all under the control of the operator.
l Compared with traditional VoIP voice services, VoLTE provides better QoS guarantee for voice services and provides better user
perceptions. Accordingly, each NE has the corresponding QoS guarantee requirements and technology.
LTE wireless access network PCRF

(eNodeB)
EPC network SBC/P-CSCF IMS network
UE S/P-GW
Wireless side
Access side Network side SBC/P-CSCF
The wireless side optimizes The access side uses the PCC The network side uses the IP
and enhances the features of to ensure QoS. dedicated network to ensure QoS.
voice and video data packets.

VoLTE Features
VoLTE 2G/3G
1/10 Call delay
0.5-2 s 5-8 s
VoLTE 2G/3G
Video
10X
quality Typical resolution: 480*640 Resolution: 176*144
720P/1080P possible No video for CDMA
VoLTE 2G/3G
2X Voice
quality Frequency: 50~7000Hz Frequency: 300~3400Hz
Coding/Decoding: AMR- Coding/Decoding: EVRC
WB 23.85Kbps 13Kbps
VoLTE 2G/3G
3X Spectrum
efficiency The simulation test result indicates that the spectrum
efficiency of LTE is up to R99 3 times or higher.

Protocol Evolution of VoLTE
n For the VoLTE end-to-end solution that is established through the 3rd Generation Partnership Project
(3GPP), the related technology standards are mature. The R10 version of the solution can basically meet
the requirements for industry deployment.
•Introduced the •SRVCC

LTE, and •eSRVCC •rSRVCC
supports mid-
•Introduced provided VoLTE •APN •vSRVCC
based on the IMS.
call
the IMS. roaming •RAVEL
•Established the •VoLTE
solution
SRVCC solution. emergency call
R5-R7 Rel-8 Rel-9 Rel-10 Rel-11

2007.12 2008.12 2009.12 2011.3 2012.9
n In the version of R8/R9, the handover function of the SRVCC solution cannot meet the
requirement for voice service continuity (the handover interval is less than 300 ms). To solve
this problem, the SRVCC performance optimization project (eSRVCC) was initiated in the version
of R8. Now, eSRVCC R9 is completely mature.

VoLTE Voice Solution
n Characteristic services, such as HD voice services and HD video services, are provided only through LTE
and IMS, which do not depend on the 2G/3G network. These services are only provided between LTE
terminals. LTE provides access and packet domain bearer, and IMS provides call control and call services.
AS Basic Flow
l A VoLTE terminal accesses to the LTE network,
IMS CSCF and then attaches to the LTE network.
l The VoLTE terminal obtains the IP address from
HLR/HSS the PGW, and then establishes a singling bearer
channel to the IMS network.
l The VoLTE terminal registers on the IMS network
SAE-PGW SAE-PGW
through the IMS signaling bearer channel.
l Through the client end，the VoLTE terminal
EPC initiates an HD voice or video call to another
MME
VoLTE terminal.
l The IMS network initiates an addressing call to
LTE LTE the called party. Then, the called party rings.
l The called party hooks off. The call is established
eNodeB eNodeB successfully. The calling and called parties can
communicate with each other.
VoLTE mobile phone VoLTE mobile phone

eSRVCC Network Architecture

Differences Between SRVCC and eSRVCC
n Compared with the SRVCC solution, the eSRVCC solution reduces the handover duration (less than
300 ms), improves handover performance, and reduces service interruption delays, so that users
can obtain better call experience.

Different QoS Levels
Resource Packet
QCI Priority Delay Typical Service
Type Loss Rate
1 GBR 2 100ms (-2)10 VoIP
Teleconference, session video

2 GBR 4 150ms (-3)10
(live streaming media)
GBR 3 50ms (-3)10 Real-time online game

3
Real-time industrial control
4 GBR 5 300ms (-6)10 Non-session video

(buffer streaming media)
5 Non-GBR 1 100ms (-6)10 IMS signaling
6 Non-GBR 6 300ms (-6)10 Video (buffer streaming media)
7 Non-GBR 7 100ms (-3)10 Video live streaming media), voice

service, interactive game
8 Non-GBR 8 300ms (-6)10

E-Mail, MSN, QQ, WWW
P2P file sharing.
9 Non-GBR 9 300ms (-6)10

VoLTE Service Bearers
Voice service bearer: SRB1+SRB2+2xAM

DRB+1xUM DRB, where QCI of UM DRB is 1,
and the QCIs of two AM DRBs are
respectively 5 and 8/9.
From the perspective

of wireless: service Video service bearer: SRB1+SRB2+2xAM
DRB+2xUM DRB, where the QCIs of two UM
bearers of VoLTE that DRBs are respectively 1 and 2, and the QCIs of
need to be established two AM DRB are respectively 5 and 8/9.
include
QoS bearer:
QCI=1: voice bearer
QCI=2: video bearer
QCI=5: SIP/SDP transmission IMS signaling bearer
QCI=8/9: general Internet surfing

VoLTE Service Bearers
Voice service bearer: SRB1+SRB2+2xAM

DRB+1xUM DRB, where QCI of UM DRB is 1,
and the QCIs of two AM DRBs are
respectively 5 and 8/9.
From the perspective

of wireless: service Video service bearer: SRB1+SRB2+2xAM
DRB+2xUM DRB, where the QCIs of two UM
bearers of VoLTE that DRBs are respectively 1 and 2, and the QCIs of
need to be two AM DRB are respectively 5 and 8/9.
established include
QoS bearer:
QCI=1: voice bearer
QCI=2: video bearer
QCI=5: SIP/SDP transmission IMS signaling bearer
QCI=8/9: general Internet surfing

CONTENTS

25
VoLTE Network Structure

Basic Network Architecture of VoLTE
Operation
Reconstruct the charging
support
and service issuing systems. CCF EMS SPN
layer
Add the VoLTE AS\SCC Service MMTEL AS

RCS AS SCC-AS IM-SSF
AS service platform. layer /IP-SM-GW
Sh
IMS core network: supports the Integrate HLR/HSS

adding, upgrade, and capacity I/S-CSCF Sh IMS EPC CS
HSS HSS
expansion functions. &BGCF domain
CS domain: supports the C/D
Cx Cx EMSC
eSRVCC function.
User data: 3-in-1 database (eSRVCC /
Signaling network: supports Core MGCF SBC/PCSCF CSFB)
establishing the reliable DRA network /ATCF/ATGW Rx
signaling network.
layer
Bearer network: supports the SBC/PCSCF
SGi
IPv6/IPv4 dual IMS domains. IM-MGW /ATCF/ATGWGx PCRF
Packet domain: EPC: The EPC S6a

SGs/SV
supports IMS APN, QoS guarantee,
Access EPC S11
and SRVCC switching.
PCC: The PCRF supports the QoS layer domain SAE-GW/GGSN MME/SGSN MGW
control of the VoLTE.
RAN/
4G wireless access network: eNodeB GERAN
TTI Bundling, RLC fragment,
Handover
ROHC header compression, Terminal
semi-static scheduling layer
VoLTE introduces end-to-end network changes, such as the wireless network, core network, signaling network,
bearer network, and user data.
IMS Introduction
n IMS: IP Multimedia Subsystem

l IP:
n IP-based transmission
n IP-based session control
n IP-based service implementation
l Multimedia:
n Combination of various media forms, such as
voice, videos, images, and texts.
n Supports various access modes and supports the
terminals with different capabilities.
l Subsystem:
n Depends on the existing network technology and
devices, and maximizes the reuse of the existing
network system.
n The wireless network uses the PS/GPRS network n The IMS is introduced on the R5 stage of 3GPP and
overlapped in the PS domain. It provides multimedia
as the bearer network.
services to mobile users based on the full IP network.
n The fixed network uses the fixed IP access system
as the bearer network.

IMS-Unified Control Platform of VoLTE Services
Application
OSA- (SIP/OSA
IM- AS,CAMEL SE)
Service layer SIP SCS
SSF AS
AS
ISC
Control layer
HSS/USPF BGCF
S- I-
IMS Data CSCF CSCF
SLF P- MGCF
HLR/AuC(CS/PS) CSCF
CSCF SG
W
CS Networks
MRFC (PSTN/SS,
PLMN)
PDF MRFP IM-
Bearer layer NASS MGW
PDS
RAN N WAG/ SBC BAS
UE
AGW
PEF Wimax/W
RA PGW
UE SGW iFi UE
N
UE

SCC AS
n Service Centralization and SCC AS

Continuity Application
ISC
Server (SCC AS)
n In the IMS domain, the SCC IMS Core
AS performs the switching
process and updates the eMSC
CS EPC
media information of the (SRVCC IWF)
remote UE.
n Analyzes the required
information of the switching Media Leg1
process. LTE
Call signaling anchor point
n Associates with switching Hand
Calling Leg 1 SCC AS
requests and session over Called
anchoring. Calling Leg 2 Access
n Performs session switching
GERAN
between the LTE network UMTS Media Leg 2
and UMTS network.

Main NE Functions of the IMS

Main NEs of the IMS
NE Function
Used to store all the user-related data of the IMS network (including user ID,
authentication data, service data, access parameters, service triggering information, and
IMS HSS
roaming information), and perform user roaming control.
Used to store all the service-related data of the network and provide user subscription
information management and user location management.
l SAE-HSS: Home Subscriber Server (HSS) function of the EPC network.
EPS HSS/HLR l HLR: Home Location Register (HLR) functions of the circuit domain core network
and packet domain core network in the mobile communication system.
DNS/ENUM Implements the DNS and ENUM functions.
Provides the interworking function between the IMS network and traditional
PSTN/PLMN network.
MGCF
If it is necessary, you also need to reconstruct the fixed network or dense fixed service
network.

Main NEs of the IMS
NE Function
Used to store all the user-related data of the IMS network (including user ID, authentication data, service data, access
IMS HSS
parameters, service triggering information, and roaming information), and perform user roaming control.
Including the I-CSCF, S-CSCF, BGCF, and MRFC functional entities.
Performs the call control, service triggering, and routing functions.
l The I-CSCF functions is located in the home network, which is the unified entry of the home network. It is
responsible for allocating or querying S-CSCFs for users.
l The S-CSCF function is located in the home network, which is the central node of the IMS network. It is
I/S-CSCF &BGCF
responsible for user registration, authentication, session, routing, and service triggering.
l The BGCF function is located in the home network, which is used to select the egress MGCF device to the
traditional PSTN and PLMN networks. This function is integrated in the S-CSCF entity, which reduces the number
of the nodes in the BGCF network, shortens call connection delays, and removes the reliablility problems of BGCF
nodes.
P-CSCF/SBC/ATCF/ATGW l P-CSCF: The P-CSCF function is located in the visited network, which is the ingress node for the SIP user to access
the IMS network. It is responsible for forwarding SIP signaling between the SIP user and home network.
l SBC: The SBC is located at the boundary of the IMS network, which is used to connect terminals users to the IMS
core network. The main functions of the SBC include access permission control and network topology hiding.
l ATCF/ATGW: The ATCF/ATGW is located between the P-CSCF and I-CSCF/S-CSCF, which works with the SCC AS to
realize the eSRVCC function.
MGW/IM-MGW Provides voice media channel resources for the interworking between the IMS and traditional PSTN/PLMN networks.
Provides the interworking function between the IMS network and traditional PSTN/PLMN network.
MGCF
If it is necessary, you also need to reconstruct the fixed network or dense fixed service network.

Main NEs of the IMS - ATCF/ATGW
2G/3G
CS eSRVCC
SCC AS Remote UE
IMS Core
Hand Over
ATCF
LTE
PS ATGW SBC
local handover time: < 300ms No need to change

signal before HO bearer before HO signal after HO bearer after HO
Access Transfer Control Function (ATCF)/Access Transfer Gateway (ATGW): The ATCF/ATGW is
located between the I-CSCF and S-CSCF, which works with the SCC AS to realize the eSRVCC
function.
l If a user initiates a call, the ATCF/ATGW determines whether to anchor the call on the media
plane based on the operator policy and terminal capability.
l If switching occurs when the user is connected to the network, the ATCF/ATGW associates
the switching request sent from the SRVCC IWF to the anchored session, updates the bearer
information of the session, and issues a switching request to the SCC AS.

eMSC of the Core Network CS Domain
n If a terminal moves from the LTE network

to the 2G/3G network, the eMSC is used SCC AS
to ensure the switching continuity of calls.
In other words, after the eMSC receives
IMS Core
the location change request sent from the
terminal, it switches the user access
position from the MME to the target MSC
server based on the target cell number CS eMSC EPC
Sv
carried by the request message.
n eMSC deployment can be divided into the

following two modes:
n Mode 1: Deploy together with the office- MSC 2 Select Target MSC
end VMSC server.
MSC eMSC MME UE
n Mode 2: Independent deployment: The
eMSC acts as the agent NE of the MSC MSC
Handover request
server, which is used to perform signaling 1
conversion for the messages between the MSC

MSC server and SBC/MME.

Simplified VoLTE Network Structure (From Wireless Side)
n To realize VoIP voice services, besides the bearers provided by the EPS system and the service control function
provided by the IMS system, the PCC architecture is also required to realize the QoS control of user services
and control the billing strategy.

VolTE+eSRVCC Existing Network Upgrade Requirements
NE Upgrade Requirement
MSC The MSC must support the Sv interface.
MME (SGSN) The MME must support the Sv interface, and support switching to the
CS domain.
eNodeB The eNodeB must be upgraded to support the VoLTE+SRVCC functions.
IMS The IMS system needs to be deployed.
UE The UE must support the VoLTE+eSRVCC functions based on the IMS

system.
Coverage requirement LTE consecutive coverage.

VoLTE Requirements for the EPC Core Network
RAN/GERAN
Iu-cs/A
eMSC
Sv
S6a
IMS
eNodeB
MME
HSS
S1-MME
S11
SAE-GW
Reconstruction Solution
l eMSC: Based on the pool as a unit, reconstruct the eMSC on the basis of the CSFB MSC of the existing
network. The reconstructed eMSC supports the Sv interface and eSRVCC switching flow.
l MME: Reconstruct the MME to support the Sv interface, and configure a route to the eMSC. The MME
obtains the eMSC list through LAI static configuration or DNS dynamic query. The reconstructed MME
supports the requirements for the VoLTE-related mobile management and connectivity management
functions and supports the requirements for the T-ADS and eSRVCC functions.
l SEA/P-GW: Reconstruct the SEA/P-GW to support the IPV4/IPV6 dual-stack, VoLTE-related P-CSCF
(VoLTE SBC) discovery, bearer resource management, and eSRVCC-related functions.
l Integrated HSS: The integrated HSS is realized by upgrading the EPC HSS/HLR of the existing network.

VoLTE Requirements for the Wireless Network
Handover to the G network
LTE wireless
network 2G wireless
eNodeB BSC/RNC network
Return to the LTE in time
Reconstruction Solution
l Configure a 4G neighbor cell of the 2G cell, and then reconfigure the related parameters.
This solution supports the reselection function from the 2G to 4G network.
l For the eNodeB at the coverage boundary of the LTE network, properly configure a GSM
cell and the related parameters of the eSRVCC measurement control function. The eNodeB
supports the eSRVCC measurement and switching flow.
l The eNodeB supports various wireless enhancement functions, including header
compression, semi-static scheduling SPS, and TTI bundling.

Thank you!

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VoLTE Voice Integrated Solution

n LTE Voice Solution

Voice and SMS messages are still VoLTE

Operators are facing the

The LTE network does not

© ZTE All rights reserved 3

SvLTE CSFB eSRVCC VoLTE

PSTN/P INTRENET INTRENET

2/3G EPC 2/3G EPC 2/3G EPC

Voice Voice Voice Voice

© ZTE All rights reserved 4

© ZTE All rights reserved 5

CS-Based Voice Solution IMS-Based Voice Solution

© ZTE All rights reserved 6

n Mode 2: Use wireless wide-coverage to provide VoLTE without eSRVCC.

© ZTE All rights reserved 7

© ZTE All rights reserved 8

LTE EPC EPC LTE

Operators have more advantages than Internet companies in

Hard to communicate with other VOIP services Realize ubiquitous HD

© ZTE All rights reserved 10

© ZTE All rights reserved 11

Continuous LTE coverage

2G/3G network coverage has

The EPC supports SRVCC.

Voice and data services

already been deployed.

© ZTE All rights reserved 12

Continuous LTE coverage

IMS has already been

Voice and data services

© ZTE All rights reserved 13

Early deployment Further deployment Final deployment

LTE CSFB LTE LTE LTE LTE LTE

© ZTE All rights reserved 14

n LTE Voice Solution

LTE wireless access network PCRF

© ZTE All rights reserved 16

© ZTE All rights reserved 17

•Introduced the •SRVCC

R5-R7 Rel-8 Rel-9 Rel-10 Rel-11

© ZTE All rights reserved 18

VoLTE mobile phone VoLTE mobile phone

© ZTE All rights reserved 19

© ZTE All rights reserved 20

© ZTE All rights reserved 21

1 GBR 2 100ms (-2)10 VoIP

Teleconference, session video

GBR 3 50ms (-3)10 Real-time online game

4 GBR 5 300ms (-6)10 Non-session video

5 Non-GBR 1 100ms (-6)10 IMS signaling

6 Non-GBR 6 300ms (-6)10 Video (buffer streaming media)

7 Non-GBR 7 100ms (-3)10 Video live streaming media), voice

8 Non-GBR 8 300ms (-6)10

© ZTE All rights reserved 22

Voice service bearer: SRB1+SRB2+2xAM

From the perspective

© ZTE All rights reserved 23

Voice service bearer: SRB1+SRB2+2xAM

From the perspective

© ZTE All rights reserved 24

n LTE Voice Solution

© ZTE All rights reserved 26