2009-02 Security Level: Internal Use

HUAWEI GSM GRFU

Introduction

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ISSUE1.0

Wireless Case and Training

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

  This course mainly introduces the hardware
structure, function, configuration principle
and data configuration of multi-carrier GRFU
(The GSM Radio Filter Unit ) of BTS3900 base
station.

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD. Huawei Confidential

Page 2
  Know the hardware principle and structure of GRFU.
 Master the typical configuration of GRFU.
 Master the data configuration of GRFU.

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 Chapter 1 Principle and function of GRFU

Chapter 2 Typical configuration of GRFU

Chapter 3 Data configuration of GRFU

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Multi-Carrier Technology
 The principle of multi-carrier technology: multiple carriers share one
power amplifier and one RF channel.

Single-carrier Technology Multi-carrier Technology

 Features of multi-carrier technology.
 Baseband pool replaced independent baseband unit. Improve the integration.
 Digital IF combination replaced Analog RF combination. There isn’t
combination loss.
 Integration of part of RF front component and carrier frequency unit.
Simplified BTS architecture.

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 Introduction of GRFU
 The GRFU performs modulation and demodulation between baseband
signals and RF signals, processes data, and combines and divides
signals.
 Implements the direct frequency conversion technique in the transmit channel,
modulates the baseband signals to GSM RF signals; then, sends the signals to
the antenna for transmission through the duplex filter after filtering, amplifying,
and combining the RF signals. The combining can be performed as required.
 Receives RF signals from the antenna and performs down-conversion,
amplification, analog-to-digital conversion, digital down-conversion, matched
filtering.
 Provides power control, reverse power detection.
 Provides frequency synthesis and loopback test.
 Generates the CPRI clock, recovers the CPRI clock of lost synchronization, and
detects alarms.
 Provides the function of DPD/BPD.

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 Introduction of GRFU
 The main new features and functions of GRFU.
 Inner Bias-Tee. Integration of feeder current to TMA.
 Provides Voltage Standing Wave Ration (VSWR) detection.
 Provides power sharing. Improves the network coverage, reduces the interference

and power consumption and save the device cost.

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Introduction of GRFU
 The main limitation of GRFU.
 GRFU supports whole frequency band of PGSM 900MHz, high 45MHz

frequency band and low 45MHz frequency band of DCS1800MHz.

GRFU DL UL

Whole 25MHz frequency

935-960MHz 890-915MHz
band of 900MHz
Low 45MHz of 1800MHz 1805-1850MHz 1710-1755MHz
High 45MHz of 1800MHz 1835-1880MHz 1740-1785MHz

 Instantaneous frequency bands of TX: M900:15MHz, M1800:15MHz. That

means the frequency interval of any two frequency in a RF channel must not
more than15MHz. Instantaneous bandwidth of RX is 25MHz.
 Power sharing doesn’t support Concentric cell, Co-BCCH, IBCA, RAN sharing

while static power can support these functions.

 If GRFU support power sharing, DTX, Power control III, intracell handover must
be open.

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Logical structure of the GRFU
 The GRFU consists of the high-speed interface unit, signal
processing unit, power amplifier, and duplexer.

GRFU
TX signal
processing unit PA
B
B TX/RXA
CPRI TRX
U D
U
RX signal LNA
P
deeps- hgi h

processing unit
ti nu ec af r et ni

LNA RXB

RX OUTA

RX INB

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Ports on the panel of the GRFU
 Size ： 397.25mm （ h ） ×70.62mm （ w ） ×305mm （ d ）
Weight ： 10Kg
 Ports on the panel
Port Type Label Connector Type Description

Port for ANT_RXB DIN connector Connecting to the antenna subsystem.

transceiving
ANT_TX/RXA
RF signals

CPRI CPRI0 SFP female connector Connecting to the BBU, or the upper-
level RFU during the cascading.
CPRI1 Connecting to the lower-level RFU
during the cascading.
Interconnection RX_INB QMA female Input port of diversity signals in the
port for RF connector antenna channel.

Receive signals RX_OUTA Output port of diversity signals in the

antenna channel.
Power supply PWR 3V3 power connector Feeding power.
port

Monitoring port MON RJ45 connector RS485 Monitoring 、 debugging port.

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 Ports on the panel of the GRFU
 Compare ports on the panel of GRFU with that of DRFU

Port Type GRFU Relative DRFU Relative

position position
Port for ANT_TX/RXA lower ANT1 upper
transceiving ANT_RXB upper ANT2 lower
RF signals

CPRI CPRI0 lower CPRI0 upper

CPRI1 upper CPRI1 lower

Interconnection RX_INB upper Rx_1 in
port for RF
Rx_1 out
Receive signals
RX_OUTA lower Rx_2 in

Rx_2 out

Monitoring port MON existence nonexistence ——

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LEDs on the GRFU panel
 LEDs on the GRFU panel
LED Color Status Description

RUN Green ON The power input is normal, but the module is faulty.

OFF There is no power supply, or the module is faulty.

1s ON, 1s OFF The module is running properly.

0.2s ON, 0.2s OFF The software is being loaded to the module.

ALM Red 1s ON, 1s OFF A fault alarm is generated.

OFF No alarm is generated.

ACT Green ON The module is functional and is correctly connected to the BBU.

OFF The connection with the BBU is not set up.

VSWR Red OFF No VSWR alarm is generated.

ON The VSWR alarm is generated on the ANT_TX/RX port.

CPRI0 Red/Green ON (green) The CPRI link is normal.

ON (red) The interface module fails to receive signals.

1s ON, 1s OFF (red) The CPRI link is out of lock.

CPRI1 Red/Green ON (green) The CPRI link is normal.

ON (red) The interface module fails to receive signals.

1s ON, 1s OFF (red) The CPRI link is out of lock.

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 Chapter 1 Principle and function of GRFU

Chapter 2 Typical configuration of GRFU

Chapter 3 Data configuration of GRFU

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GRFU Application Scenarios
 Basic configuration principle
 The DRFU and GRFU can be configured in the same cabinet. When the
GRFU is configured, a single BTS3900/BTS3900A provides a maximum
of 36 carriers with the maximum cell configuration of S12/12/12. In addition,
a site configured with the BTS3900s can support a maximum of 72 carriers
with the maximum cell configuration of S24/24/24.
 One GRFU supports a maximum cell configuration of S6; two GRFUs

supports a maximum cell configuration of S12. To support the configuration

larger than S12, multiple antenna systems are used.
 One GRFU does not serve two cells. Each cell with a single antenna can be

configured with a maximum of two GRFUs.

 GRFU supports 1-way TX and 2-way RX.
 Star, chain, and ring, are supported between the BBU and the GRFUs.
 When star and chain topology is adopted between the BBU and GRFUs, the
GRFU supports 3 levels of cascading in a chain and thus the BBU supports
a maximum of 18 (6 x 3) GRFUs.

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Configuration principle Base on
Limitation of GRFU
 Frequency Assignment
 If the frequency interval of a cell is outside the range of 15MHz, 2 GRFUs can
be considered to be used and the range of frequency for each GRFU also
should be within15MHz.
 Generally, it is suggested that the number of carriers should be set to 2 GRFUs
averagely if 2 GRFUs are used in a cell. For example: S8 should be configured
as 4+4 when 2 GRFU are used. S7 should be configured as 3+4 when 2 GRFU
are used. If there’s limitation of frequency band, S8 also can be configured as
3+5 or 2+6.

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Configuration principle Base on
Limitation of GRFU
 Output power
 The output power for each cell must fulfil the requirement of network plan.
When the specification doesn’t fulfil the requirement, it can be improved by
adding GRFUs.
 The output power of all the cell must be the same because power sharing is
mutually exclusive with concentric cell. For example, S7 configured as 3+4
when 2 GRFUs are used. The output power of GRFU configured as 3 carriers
must be the same as that of GRFU configured as 4 carriers.
Carrier of a cell 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
GRFU number 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Carrier number for 2
GRFU （ Recommendation 2+3 3+3 3+4 4+4 4+5 5+5 5+6 6+6
）
Output power 31W 31W 27W 27W 18W 18W 16W 16W
Carrier number for 2 GRFU
1+4 2+4/1+5 2+5/1+6 3+5/2+6 3+6 4+6 —— ——
（ Supportability ）
Output power 27W 27W/18W 18W/16W 18W/16W 16W 16W —— ——
Limitation of Output power

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Configuration principle Base on
Limitation of GRFU
 Frequency hopping
 Cell without frequency hopping. The cell can work normally when the range of
frequency is within 15MHz for each GRFU.
 Cell with Baseband frequency hopping. The frequency range of 2 GRFUs must
within 25MHz when 2 GRFUs are used. And the range of frequency also must
be within 15MHz for each GRFU.
 Cell with RF frequency hopping. The cell cannot adopt RF frequency hopping if
the range of frequency is out of 15MHz. Because the frequency range of 2
GRFUs must be within 15MHz when 2 GRFUs are used.

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Antenna Configuration Principles of GRFU
 One dual-polarized antenna can serve a maximum of two GRFUs.
 By default, RX diversity is adopted on the GSM network. That is, two
feeders connected to two single-polarized antennas or one dual-polarized
antenna must be configured in a cell.
 Each sector of the BTS must be configured with the minimum number of
antennas.
 For the 2-way RX diversity, each sector has two antenna channels.

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Transmit Mode and Receive Mode of GRFU
 Transmit Mode of GRFU
 Non-combination

 Receive Mode of GRFU

 2-way RX diversity
 1-way RX

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Output power of GRFU

 The output power of different configuration is also configured differently.

Frequency bands Configuration Output power

（ GMSK/8PSK ）
PGSM 900MHz / S1 80W/53W
GSM1800MHz
S2 40W/26W
S3 31W/20W

S4 27W/17W

S5 18W/12W

S6 16W/10W

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Typical configuration of GRFU
 Single GRFU (S3-S6)
 DOUBLE_ANTENNA (1TX+2RX)
 When a dual-polarized antenna is
configured, one TX channel and two RX
channels are supported. The ANT_RXB
and ANT_TX/RXA ports receive the signals
from the antenna to achieve RX diversity.

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Typical configuration of GRFU
 Two GRFUs (S7-S12)
 SINGLE_ANTENNA_DOUBLE_RECEIVER
(1TX + 2RX)
 When the cell configuration is from S7 to
S12, two GRFUs need to be configured.
 The ANT_TX/RXA port on each GRFU
supports the receiving and transmitting of
signals. Two GRFUs provide RX signals for
each other through the RF interconnection
ports. Thus, the RX diversity is implemented.

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Typical configuration of GRFU
 Single GRFU
 SINGLE_ANTENNA_SINGLE_RECEIVER
(1TX+1RX)
 This scenario is mainly used in indoor coverage.
 The ANT_TX/RXA port on GRFU supports the
receiving and transmitting of signals.

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Typical configuration of GRFU
 Single GRFU
 DOUBLE_ANTENNA_SINGLE_RECEIVER
(1TX+1RX)
 This scenario is mainly used in subway.
 The ANT_TX/RXA port on GRFU supports
the transmitting of signals.
 The ANT_RXB port on GRFU supports the
receiving of signals.

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 Chapter 1 Principle and function of GRFU

Chapter 2 Typical configuration of GRFU

Chapter 3 Data configuration of GRFU

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Data configuration Based on MML
 Data configuration of GRFU is similar with that of DRFU.

Start

Add BTS Modify TRX

（ slave chain ） Device Attribute

Add cell Set other BTS

Attribute

Add TRX （ GRFU ）

End

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Add BTS
 Command: ADD BTS
 BTS TYPE must set as BTS3900_GSM ； TRX Board Type
must set as GRFU ； Separate Mode must set as ： Support ；
RXU Chain Head Port No means BBU CPRI port number
connected to GRFU.
 Example:

ADD BTS: BTSIDX=0, BTSNAME="BTS3900", TYPE=BTS3900_GSM,

UPNODE=BSC, SRN=0, SN=18, PN=0, MPMODE=MODE4_1, AST=ACTIVAED,
DCIDX=0, ServiceMode=TDM, DCELLNAME="0", DCTYPE=GSM900, DCMCC="460",
DCMNC="04", DCLAC=0557, DCCI=0001, DTRXIDX=0, CPLMode=SUPPORT,
TRXBN=0, TRXTP=GRFU, TRXPN=0, FREQ=96, RXUName="0", RXUChainNo=0,
RXUChainHeadPN=0, REVCFGRING=NO;

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Add BTS
基站类型

BBU CPRI
port number

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Add BTS Slave Chain
 Command: ADD SLAVECHAIN

 Example:

ADD SLAVECHAIN: IDXTYPE=BYNAME, BTSNAME="BTS3900", INPN=1,

DESTNODE=BSC, SRN=0, SN=18, PN=1;

Abis interface
board port
number

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Add Cell
 Command: ADD CELL

 Example:

ADD CELL: IDXTYPE=BYNAME, BTSNAME="BTS3900", CELLNAME="cell-1",

CTYPE=GSM900, AST=ACTIVAED, MCC="460", MNC="04", LAC=0557, CI=0001,
TRXBN=1, TRXTP=GRFU, TRXPN2=0, TRXFREQ=88, RXUName="1",
RXUChainNo=1, RXUChainHeadPN=1;

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Add Cell

BBU CPRI
port number

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Add TRX
 Command: ADD TRX

 Example:

ADD TRX: IDXTYPE=BYNAME, CELLNAME="cell-1", TRXBN=1, TRXTP=GRFU,

TRXPN2=0, FREQ=88, RXUName="1", RXUChainNo=1, RXUChainHeadPN=1;

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Modify TRX Device Attribute
 Command: MOD TRXDEV

 Example:

MOD TRXDEV: IDXTYPE=BYNAME, CELLNAME="cell-1", TRXBN=1,

TRXPN=0, POWL=10, POWT=DEFAULT, RCVMD=MAINDIVERSITY,
SNDMD=DIVERSITY;

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Operation and Maintenance Command
 Set RXU Attributes ： SET RXUCHAINPARA

 Modify name of RXU board ： SET RXUNAME

 Query parameter of RXU board ： LST RXUBP

 Query Attributes of RXU link ： LST RXUCHAINPARA

 Query topology structure of RXU link ： LST RXUCHAINTPLGY

 Set breakpoint of RXU link ： SET BREAKPOINT

 Combine two RXU links to a ring ： CBN RXUCHAIN

 Set breakpoint ： SET BREAKPOINT

 Split ring to a link: SPT RXUCHAIN

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Thank you
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