THE BASIC OF MARKSMANSHIP AND COMBAT SHOOTING WITH PROVISSION AND POLICIES,

FIREARMS LEGAL REQUIREMENTS AND PENALTIES.

PREFACE
This book is dedicated to people who believe in freedom, the young and old, every law enforcement officers,
pro-gun practitioners and responsible citizens on the proper use and handling of weapons. The preparation of this book
was based on the syllabus on Marksmanship and Combat Shooting issued by the Professional Regulation Commission
(PRC). Likewise, it is also designed for instructor who teaches this subject as their reference and also to students in
general for them to have an understanding on the importance of knowing the use of the weapon.
- Indoctrination and Training and Use of Force is discussed in Chapter One, Chapter Two covers the Firearms
Safety
Responsibilities, and Firearms Safety Rules, The Fundamentals of Firearms Safety and Etiquette. Chapter Three is all
about the Fundamental of Marksmanship, Chapter Four deals on Types of Firearms and Shooting/Firing positions.
Chapter Five is all about the Comprehensive Firearms and Ammunition Regulating Act of 2013, RA 10591.
- May this book help not only criminal justice practitioners, but as well as responsible gun enthusiast, and
future law
enforcement officers.
INTRODUCTION
- Weapons are vital part of police/military equipment. It is necessary for every law enforcers to carry every time
they perform
their law enforcement duties. Because of this every law enforcers should know or to familiarize themselves about the
weapons issued to them.
- An ever increasing numbers of civilian/people are purchasing firearms primarily for the purpose of protecting
themselves,
their loves ones and property. Standardize and institutionalize firearms education and safety is very important to
provide people/civilian with a sound body of knowledge regarding the ownership, use and proper handling of the
weapons.
- Authority to bear firearms, training and indoctrination, and the limits placed on the use of force (including
deadly force), and
weapons safety practices must be followed on a day-to-day basis for every law enforcement officers.
- Every member of the law enforcement agency as well as the citizens has the right under the law to use
reasonable force to
defend himself against violent and dangerous personal attack. But subject to limitations are not intended to infringe
their right but to promote weapons safety, and prevent the discriminate use of firearms and other types deadly force.
- Being allowed to bear firearms is a large responsibility. Law enforcers and civilian before authorized to carry
a weapon they
must be thoroughly briefed on the provisions of AFR125-26 (USAF), and any local policies to govern the use of
weapons or force. Every gun enthusiast must undergo indoctrination for them to learn when and how to use the
weapon. Training also is very important for every officers and civilians to satisfactorily complete the marksmanship
training. It prescribes the courses of fire that must be completed in order to be qualified with the weapon.

OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, students will be able to:
- Define Marksmanship and Combat Shooting;
- Discuss the Indoctrination and Training concerning F/As;
- Compare the "Use of Deadly Force and Minimum Force" and Firearm Safety; Explain the etiquette for
handling the weapons;
- Enumerate the Nomenclature of F/A's (.38 revolver, .45. caliber and 9mm, M16);
- Discuss the Fundamental of Marksmanship;
- Demonstrate the Different firing stance and arm style in firing a weapon/gun;
- Know and understand the RA 10591 Comprehensive Firearm and Ammunition Regulation Act of 2013
CHAPTER 1
INDOCTRINATION AND TRAINING, USE OF FORCE
*Weapons Training, Safety, and familiarization of the weapons are important actors for every law
enforcement/military officers to qualify to carry such weapons.
*Authority:
The authority to bear firearms in the performance of the assigned duties comes from the Chief PNP. As stated,
PNP regulation s outlines the standards that must be followed in selecting and arming PNP or law enforcers.

Factors involved in arming Law Enforcement Officers:

 Qualifications with the weapons;
Duties
Need
Trustworthiness
These requirements are necessary before law enforcement officers are authorized to carry weapon.
Conditions wherein Law Enforcers are normally armed:
- Performing Security or Law Enforcement duties;
- Carrying or protecting Classified Information or Materials;
- Protecting Government property or funds;
- Guarding/Escorting prisoners as authorized by directives (Maximum Custody);
- Required by additional directives.
Indoctrination and Training:
Being allowed to carry firearms is a big responsibility for every law enforcement officers to remember. Before
any personnel authorized to carry a weapon they must be thoroughly briefed on the provisions and policies that govern
the use of weapons or force. This is called indoctrination. It means that law enforcers/officers must learn when and
how to use the weapons, and be qualified with the assigned weapons.
Types of Basic Training:
-Pre-Marksmanship training -Dry-fire training -Qualification training

USE OF FORCE, FIRE SAFETY RESPONSIBILITIES, FIRE ARMS SAFETY RULES

Use of force
There may be problems that law enforcement officers faced with many situations where one or more persons
must be taken into custody. Most often law enforcers meet little or no resistance at all and the apprehension will go
smoothly. However, there may be small percentage of cases the person/s you are apprehending may try to give you
trouble by physically resisting arrest.
In this situations, the law enforcers may have to use force to complete the apprehension. In the USAF AFR
125-26, (American setting) it spells out limitations when it comes using this force. It states that law enforcers must use
the minimum amount of force necessary to effect the assigned duty.
Minumum Force:
•Physical apprehension and restraining techniques;
• Use of chemical dispensers (Mace);
•The use of baton/handcuffs; ·
•Military Working Dog.
All of these will normally result in less than deadly force:
The key point for the law enforcers to remember is to use only in minimum amount of force needed to get the
subject to what you want him to do. If too much force is used in making an arrest the officers or any law enforcers are
subjected to disciplinary action.
Chemical Dispenser:
*Chemical Grenades These grenades can cause casualties, set fire to combustible objects, produce an irritating agent,
produce smoke for signaling or screening purposes. •
*M34 smoke (WP) hand grenade is the most useful and the latest (WP) chemical and hand grenade, smoke, and rifle
grenade.

This is a four-purpose weapon used or the following:

• Cause casualties ·
• Screening agent
• Signaling device
•Incendiary agent
• Smoke hand grenades is used by the Army, they are also helpful to Security Police. The most frequently used is the
white smoke grenade, model AN-H8(HC), when ignited produces a dense cloud of white smoke for 2% to 2 1⁄2
minutes, ideal for screening movements, marking targets, and ground-to-ground signaling.
• Riot control grenades use to deliver nonlethal chemical agents to assist restoring order.
Military Working Dog:
The introduction and use of the patrol dog in the Security Police/Law Enforcement field has added a new
dimension to the term "military working dog." Before the patrol dogs could be used safely only in areas that were
remote from the general public. Today, however, patrol dogs are trained for used in security and also for in all area of
resources protection and enforcing law and order. To date, military working dogs are now used in routine law
enforcement duty, crowd control, drug detection and control, explosive detection, and searching.
 • Dog-Team Composition. Today's military working dog team is a highly trained crew. It is made up of one
trained Security Police specialist (law enforcer/security) called the handler and one specially selected, trained,
intelligent dog.
• Routine Employment. The dog team can be effectively used in every phase of law enforcement. They are
especially effective when they are visible to the public, as the mere presence of a dog team is a psychological deterrent
to would be violators.
USES:
• Crowd Control. The psychological effect of dogs in quelling a riot or mob situation is tried and proven
means of restoring be exercised, however, to prevent over aggressive tactics to cause public fear or resentment.
• Drug Detection and Control. During the 1970's the use of drug detector dogs evolved from a feasibility
study by Air Training Command. This study analyzed the use of dogs to detect marijuana as the start of a worldwide
effort against drugs The result of this USAF study prompted many nations and hundreds of law enforcement agencies
to initiate dog team programs to combat illegal drugs. Today's drug detector dogs has become an indispensable tool in
drug suppression. Drug detector dog teams are especially effective in searching for drugs in areas such as:
-Vehicle
-School
-Dormitories
-Households goods
-Freight terminals
-Hold Baggage
-Military/Government postal facilities
-Ports of embarkation/debarkation
•Explosive Detection. With the sharp increase o dissident terrorist activity in the 1970's, came the expanded
use of a terrifying tactic - the bombing. Once again, the answer to the need to detect an easily concealed object was
found in the use of especially trained dog and handler, the explosive detector dog team.
The explosive detector dog team is effective in searching wherever explosives may be hidden. The military
uses range from searching and clearing of aircraft and cargo, to the checking of letters and packages in a military
postal facility.
• Searching. In addition to the drug and explosive- detector dogs and the highly specialized searches they
conduct, the patrol dog team also very effective for searching buildings, areas, and violators or suspects. The dog
superior sensing ability allows for thorough searches of buildings areas using a minimum number of people thus
exposing them to a minimum of danger.
Baton/Handcuffs
Police duty periodically dictates the use of special tools such as the riot baton and handcuffs. When the need
arises every law enforcers/officers must know how they were intended to be used. The riot baton use in Security
Police duties 36 inches in length. It is made of rosewood, walnut, or a similar dense wood such as "kamagong" or
rattan to prevent breakage. It is about 1 1⁄4 inches in diameter and is knurled (grooved) at both ends to provide a
nonslip surface for grip.
Types:
Rachet-arm, metal handcuff with a double locking feature. Consist of two wrist loop. The other half of the wrist
loop made of either tubular steel or a double thickness of flat steel. A small chain connects the two wrist loops
together.
Disposable handcuffs. A plastic strap with a rachet-type teeth and a locking catch molded in.
Purpose:
Handcuffs is used as a means of temporarily restraining a violent or potentially violent suspect. The steel
handcuffs were made for repeated usage. On the other hand, the plastic cuffs were designed for one time use, as a
supplement to the metal cuffs. Especially designed for use when multiple apprehensions are necessary. To remove
disposable handcuffs, cut them with wire cutters or heavy scissors.
Care:
Metal handcuffs need very little lubrication. One drop of oil at the rachet-arm pivot and a one drop in the lock
assembly about every 6 months should be enough.
Disposable Handcuffs need no maintenance as such, but they should be kept away from high heat and flame
as they may melt or weaken (become brittle) from exposure to excessive heat.
Physical apprehension and restraining techniques such as; the use of chemical dispenser, military working
dog, baton and handcuff must be utilize to effect arrest are normally result in less than deadly force.
Use of Deadly Force:
• Deadly force is any force that could result in loss of life.
• You may never have to use deadly force, but you should always remain alert, because when the time comes, you get
little or no warning at all. Since only extreme circumstances justify your taking a life, you may only use deadly force
on the following guidelines:
• Protect thyself from loss of life or serious bodily harm;
• Protect the life of another, or to prevent the commission of a serious offense involving violence and threatening
death or serious offense involving violence and threatening death or serious bodily harm;
• Remove the threat of theft, destruction, or espionage aimed at property or information designated as vital to National
Security;
• Prevent actual theft or destruction of property designated by the installation commander or CPNP, which although
not vital to National Security, is of substantial importance to National Security;
• Prevent the actual theft of property which is inherently dangerous to others;
• Apprehend or prevent the escape of a known felon (remember probable cause);
• Apprehend or prevent the escape of a person whose unauthorized presence in the vicinity of property or information
vital to the National Security has presented an actual threat of theft, sabotage, or espionage;
• Apprehend or prevent the escape has been determined by the corrections officer or installation commander to create
a threat of death or bodily harm to others;
• When directed by the lawful orders of superior.
In additional to these situations where use of deadly may be justified:
• Within reason, give and order to halt before you fire;
• Do not fire if you are likely to endanger innocent bystanders;
• When feasible, aim shots to disable rather than to kill.
• Every Law Enforcement officers has the right under the law to use reasonable, necessary force to defend himself
against violent and dangerous personal attack. The limitations described herein are not intended to infringe this right
but to promote weapons safety, and prevent the indiscriminate use of firearms and other types of deadly force. (this
policy statement applies to all personnel who bear firearms in accordance with AFR 125-26). American Setting:
USE OF FORCE:
Personnel (law enforcement officers) may use force to discharge assigned duties only when force is absolutely
necessary. The degree of force used must be the minimum necessary to accomplish the duty. Application of an
excessive amount of force is detrimental to the maintenance of law and order and may subject the one who applies it
to disciplinary action. The use of deadly force applied is justifiable only as a last result.
CHAPTER 2
FIREARMS SAFETY RESPONSIBILITIES AND FIREARMS SAFETY RULES, RANGE SAFETY
AND ETIQUETTE.

Firearms Safety Responsibilities.

•To lessen the possibility of accidental discharge, firearms must be loaded and unloaded, whenever possible at the
designated area or at a clearing pit through own actions. As a minimum, loading and unloading will be supervised by
knowledgeable NCO or officer who is also qualified with the weapon) during training).
•Firearm will not be drawn or aimed except in compliance with policy on the use of force. If necessary to lawfully
apprehend or if their authorized used appears imminent or the weapons is turned into storage.
• Warning shots will not be fired. This action is a hazard to innocent persons and may prompt a suspect to return fire,
further endangering innocent bystanders.
•If firing a person, the marksman should ail to wound, rather than to kill.
• Prior to being authorized to bear firearms, all law enforcement officers are thoroughly indoctrinated in their use and
the circumstances in which firearms may be justifiably used;
• The unauthorized discharged of any firearm, whether it is accidental or deliberate act, is a serious matter and must be
thoroughly investigated.

Firearms Safety Rules: ( General Rules) I will:

• Promote firearms safety through my own actions; ·
• Never carry a round of ammunition in the chamber of a weapon, except at the commander's direction when in
combat or other hostile situation. ·
• Never draw firearms as a joke or jest;
• Never use a firearm to play tricks, games, quick- draw, or engage in any other form of horseplay, or allow thyself to
become involved in unauthorized acts;
• Never use firearms against individuals who committed only minor offenses or crime;
• Regard all firearms as being loaded;
• Know and use the safety devices of all firearms which you are armed;
• Never aim or point a firearm unless you intend to shoot;
• Identify first the target and insure a clear field of fire before discharging a weapon;
• Be especially cautious when loading and unloading a firearm;
• Never arm yourself with a weapon which you are not fully qualified to use;
• Bear in mind that the conduct in handling the weapon is your own responsibility.
Fundamental of Firearms Safety:
The four (4) Basic Cardinal Rules of Gun Safety:
1. Consider every gun as loaded.
2. Never let the muzzle of a gun point at anything that you do not intend to shoot.
3. Keep your finger off the trigger unless you are ready to fire.
4. 4. Be sure of your target and what lies beyond and around it before you shoot.
The previous 4 cardinal rules is a general safety rule for Firearms and are presumed that you may be in the firing
range or in an encounter. But if you're at home or office wanting to check or practice dry firing or will clean your
firearms. What shall be done to check if it is really loaded or not?
Checking the gun if loaded or not:
UNLOAD - Remove the inserted magazine if any, this should be done in a safe place, that no one is within the danger
zone. Observe that the muzzle must be pointed in a safe direction.
CHECK CHAMBER - ( rack the slide back for pistol/ open cylinder for revolver / open bolt or action for rifle or
shotgun and hold)
• Visually inspect the chamber for presence of bullet or if ammunition is chambered or not.
• If none, lock the slide or open cylinder or open bolt or open action. Make the FA safe.
• In case there is an ammunition stocked in the chamber, do all necessary safe procedure to rectify or remove the
bullet, otherwise, chamber clearing is not completed.
• If you don't know how to rectify or remove the stocked bullet in the chamber, make the firearm safe, and seek person
knowledgeable in solving the problem.
• Every time you releases the FA with your both hand, you have to redo the FA rule and clearing, especially during the
dry firing exercises, until it become instinctive.
• Before handling any FA, understand its operation first
• Never pass FA to another or accept a FA from another person, until the cylinder or action is open and you've
personally checked that the weapon is completely unloaded
• Safeguard your sight, hearing and health. Always wear eye and ear protection
• Always keep the safe distance from metal targets and the likes
• Always observe 45 degree danger zone

The 45 degrees - muzzle limit as Danger Zone

• The muzzle of your FA's must not point beyond 45 degrees left, right, up or
down in reference to the back stop or downrange at all times .
• Never rely on any mechanical device for safety
• Be sure all accessories, such as holster, and grips, are compatible with the
Fas and won't interfere with its safe operation
• Seek competent instructions from a qualified person before beginning to
shoot. If questions arise later, after you've been shooting for a period of time,
get answers to those questions from competent authority.
RANGE SAFETY AND ETIQUETTE:
• Make sure that your FA's is cased and unloaded when you enter a shooting range.
• The uncasing and casing of your FA should always take place at the designated Safety Area.
• The handling of ammunition in any Safety Area is prohibited
• If allowed to holster, FA must be unloaded, hammer down and with no magazine inserted. Handling of FA in any
fashion outside the Safety Area is not allowed without the express authorization of the Range Officer.
• Eye and ear protection must be worn at all times while on the shooting range whether shooting or not.
• When allowed to handle your FA always point the muzzle of your FA down range. Never hold your FA if there are
people in front of you or with people downrange.
• In a firing line with no barriers, the person your right is always s given priority unless otherwise stated
• Always announce that you are firing before you start shooting to allow people to prepare for your firing
• Load FA only upon the advice of your Range Officer
• The Range Officer is the only boss inside the shooting range.

CHAPTER 3
PRINCIPLES OF MARKSMANSHIP
Marksmanship
• The skillful art of shooting and hitting the target at a given range or known distance.
• The shooter must integrate these elements until they become single comfortable and almost instinctive process
• Familiarization comes from practice, and it never ends
• Practice means dry firing at home, ensuring that the gun is unloaded and aimed in a good backstop.
• The other half practice is actual firing on the range, there is no substitute for practice, more practice and still, more
practice in developing good marksmanship.
SHOOTING FUNDAMENTALS
Combat:
• An action to contend or to fight against an opponent to attain an object.
Shooting:
• An act of discharging firearms.
• The principles behind the proficient operation of a firearm are a matter of simple physics and proper human
adaptation to equipment. For every amount of force, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
THE ELEMENTS OR FACTORS INVOLVED IN
MARKSMANSHIP:
STANCE - A good stance maximize control while shooting. It
provides balance, instability, which are maximized when there's the
least strain on muscle. (Equilibrium and Stability, Head Position,
proper stance)
FACTOR TO CONSIDER IN ASSUMING A SHOOTING
STANCE:
• Comfortable and easy;
• It must repeatedly index you on target
• It must afford you with good recoil control and ability to execute follow-up shots;
• It must be flexible enough to allow you to provide and move if such is required.

NOTE:
It is advisable that the shooters should be able to shoot all the different styles because in real life situations,
conditions are not always perfect and you must be able to adapt to any given
situation using the most appropriate techniques required of the situation.
• The legs should be straight but not tense, with the knees just slightly flexed
and relaxed.
• The hip should be labeled and in a normal position.
• Head and shoulder should be relaxed but no unnatural tilt (angle) of the
head.
• Arms to be extended with wrist and elbow lock, but free of strain (tense).
Body weight should be on toes and distributed forward.

COMMON ARM STYLE:

Weaver style:
This style was popularized by lawman jack Weaver and is
quite effective. It relies on the dynamic tension created by a push and
pull effect created by arms to provide a stable platform which is
particularly good for recoil control.
The gun is held in the strong
hand and is pushed forward to the target. The weak hand or support hand is
used to wrap around the strong hand and pull the gun in toward you. Both
arms can be either slightly bent or radically bent, which ever is most
comfortable to the shooter.
Chapman style
This style is very similar to the Weaver, except that the strong hand is
locked straight and rigid. The support hand pulls the strong hand back into
its socket creating the dynamic tension needed to recoil control. It is similar to
using your strong arm as a rifle stock. hapman Jodified Weaver hooting Stance 101:
Isosceles style
The simplest and most straight forward style to use. Extend your handgun grip
outward at eye level, square to your body. This form a triangle hence the name. It is
important to keep the shoulders in front of your hips so that the body weight can be
used against the force of the recoil. This is very popular
stance which works both in competition and on the
street.
GRIP-A proper Grip provide the shooter with maximum control of the FA. To maintain natural sight alignment, the
FA must be held firmly.
a. Grip the gun with the web between the thumb and index finger in as a high a position as feasible. This will ensure
that the tube of the barrel will riding as low as possible in relation to your grip.
b. The shooter spread the index finger and the thumb of the shooting hand apart, to form a "V" with the thumb held
slightly lower than the index.
c. The web or "V" of the shooting hand is pushed directly at the highest point of the FA back strap.
d. The lower three (3) fingers are wrap around the FA. It
should not be too tight to maintain a relaxed trigger finger.
e. Check trigger finger, if it lands on the right point of your
finger. (Normally, it should land in first bone to first joint.
f. The thumb and the trigger finger should exert very little
pressure. As the tightening of the muscles controlling the
trigger finger.
g. Two (2) hand shooting allow better control of the FA. The
none shooting hand is wrapped around with palm touching the
grip.
h. Pressure exerted by the none shooting hand might be equal or slightly greater the shooting hand allowing better
grip.
NOTE:
* Consistency and neutrality are the goal.
* You should have a totally neutral feeling in each hand. Achieving neutrality allows the grip and stance technique to
perform its most important function.
* ALLOWING THE GUN TO RECOIL IN THE SAME DIRECTION, TO THE SAME LEVEL, AND ON THE
SAME PATH.
* The Grip and the Stance cannot control recoil in the sense of stopping recoil. That's not possible. What is possible is
control of the sight and the gun.
* The primary hand which is called STRONG HAND. The fingers of the strong hand should pitch the butt off the gun
into the base of the palm and the thumb should lock down for added firmness, strengthening the grip.
* In a two (2) hand grip, the support hand assist in securing a proper grip is called the weak hand. The Fingers of the
weak hand wrap around the strong hand with the tips of the fingers touching or almost touching the knuckles of the
strong hand. The thumab of the weal hand should lock against the thumb of the strong hand or index the frame of the
gun in such a manner that it contacts no moving parts.
* Some revolvers shooters lock the weak hand thumb across the base of the strong hand thumb, this allows for easy
access and cocking o the hammer for single action shooting. This particular weak hand thumb position is ill advised
for pistol shooting because of the risk of serious injury from the slide as it travels rearward during recoil.
*BREATH CONTROL- Breathing properly while shooting is essential. In-hale, ex-hale-fire. In this manner, the
breathing muscle is relaxed.
* The object of proper breath control is to enable the shooter to hold his/her breath with a comfortable feeling long
enough to fire one shot slow ire; five shots in twenty seconds timed ire; or five shots in ten seconds rapid fire without
loss of the ability to hold still or concentrate on sight alignment.
* A person can prolong by several seconds his respiratory pause, that is, hold his breath comfortably for 15-20
seconds, without any special labor and without experiencing unpleasant sensations. This time is more than adequate to
produce a shot or shots.
* The breathing process provides the body with oxygen and eliminates waste elements from the blood. Correct
breathing while shooting is essential to proper body functions.
* A complete respiratory cycle last for 4-5 seconds (inhaling and exhaling) and between each cycle, there is a pause o
2-3 seconds. This pause can be extended up to 10 seconds without any special labor or unpleasant sensation.
* IT IS DURING THIS PAUSE BETWEEN BREATHS THAT THE SHOOTER SHOULD FIRE THE SHOT.
* During the pause, the breathing muscles are relaxed thus the shooter avoids strain from the diaphragm.

4. SIGHT ALIGNMENT- sight alignment is the

relationship in the rear sight and the front sight as seen by
the shooter when aligning the sights using the eye/s.
MASTER EYE- Everyone should understand that our eyes do not unction equally, but that one eye dominated over
the other. This is called the Master Eye and we must use this eye when aligning the sights of a firearm.
The front sight is centered in the rear sight notch, and the top of the plane is labeled with top of the rear sight

Sight

picture is the relationship of the rear sight and the front

sight to the target with RESPECT TO THE EYE.

The most common aiming point are the six o'clock hold or the center hold.

• Traditional sighting instruction recommends a sight picture that has front and rear sights aligned and the target
sitting directly a top the front post much like a cat on a fence. This positioned at the 6 mark on a clock face.
• Some, however, prefer to take a "Center Hold," where the front post is held directly in the middle of the target.
• When using open sights, concentrate your focus on the front sight, not on the target and not on the rear sight.
• Proper alignment places the front sight exactly in the center of the rear sight's opening. The top of the front sight
should be exactly level with the top of the rear sight. The same principle applies to other variations.
• With the front post/rear Aperture, the front Post must in the absolute center of the circular aperture of the
rear sight. Equal an of "daylight" should be seen to either side of the front sight.
• Among the most common sight alignment errors is located at the front sight in a different position inside the rear
notch. This will result in ersion no to shots on the target, since the bullets will tend to strike in the d
in which the front sight is positioned in the notch. The results of this aiming known as "Angular Shift Error" are
illustrated below:
• TRIGGER CONTROL- trigger control is the
fine pressure on the trigger, so sight alignment.
It is the independent action of the trigger with
uniform increasing pressure straight to the rear
after the slack has been taken.

Proper Trigger Control is another key

ingredient in the accurate and safe shot.

For rifle and pistol shooting, the trigger must be squeezed slowly and steadily. As the sight picture takes
shape, increase pressure on the trigger in a motion drawing the finger and trigger straight to the rear. The instant the
trigger disengages the sear and the shot is fired should come as a surprise, because your concentration is focused on
the sight picture.

* FOLLOW THROUGH is the continued and physical application of the fundamental after each round has been fired.
The shooter must not shift his position, move his head or bring down the pistol for a few seconds after firing a shot.
* CALLING THE SHOTS is the prediction of the shots on where the hits are on the target.
* The part of the trigger finger, which falls naturally in the trigger will vary in every shooters.
* The important factor are the uniformity of trigger placement and the ability to apply pressure straight to the rear.
* The trigger finger must be in an arc position to avoid contact with side o the FA.
Ideal trigger finger placement may be modified to a degree by the requirement that the grip provide a natural
alignment of the front and rear sights.
Correct Placement of the Index Finger on the Trigger
a. With joint of Index Finger;
b. With first Bone Section of Index Finger.
Factor of trigger Control
* The pressure put on the trigger must come from independent movement of the trigger finger only. The gripping
finger only. The gripping fingers and the thumb do not move or tighten. Keep the grip pressure constant.
* Align the sight, settle into your normal aiming area and exert positive, uninterrupted, increasing pressure, straight to
the rear, until the hammer falls.
Common ERRORS made while squeezing the trigger
Jerking is attempting to make the pistol fire in a certain movement rapidly applying pressure on the trigger.
Flinching is muscular tension in anticipation of recoil shown by hearing movement, closing the eyes, shoulder
movement or a combination of these movements.
Heeling The pushing out on the grips of the weapon with the heel of the hand, anticipation of the recoil of the weapon.
Heeling the revolver sends the projectile high and to the left of point of aim (if the shooter is right handed).
Failure to lock the wrist and elbow seriously affects consistent accuracy and may cause to jerk and heel the weapon
as you fire.
Improper breath control causes the shots to spread out on the target from top to bottom. This occurs because of
the failure to hold the breath during trigger squeeze. Prior to begin the squeeze a full breath should be taken and
partially exhaled. Then hold the remainder and begin the trigger squeeze.
Night Vision and Night Fire Techniques:
* Law enforcer/s work day and night, and too; mostly at night Police Officers are most likely to run in
infiltrator, or other criminal during the hours of darkness, it tive for the officers to know how to operate in
periods of poor
Night Vision:
* Everybody can see much more in the dark realize. Our eyes are eyes similar to a camera. We have day eyes
ar The retina of our eyes is made up of two types of cells. Cone cells-Make up the day eyes, it is act
bright light and allow the eyes distinguish color, contrast, and s
* Rod Cells-Make up the night eyes, dark ated the rod cells to produce a chemical known as virtual pur
purples allows us to distinguish black, white, shades of gray, a outlines. Most rod cells surround our
cone cells; o are interspersed with the cone cells that are concentrated in the our retina.
Principle of night Vision
Darkness Application;
Allowing the eyes to adjust to low light levels. It takes about a half hour for the rod cells to produce enough
visual purple for the eyes to see objects in very dim light.
Off-Center Vision
Focusing on an object without looking directly at it. This causes the image to form on the rod cell portion of
the retina. Look slightly to the right or left, or above or below the object. The average person has his best night vision
by looking 6 degrees to 10 degrees away from an object.
Scanning
Scanning can be done by moving the eyes in short jerky movement from one focal point to another for every
four (4) to ten (10) seconds. This is the amount of time it takes to use up the visual purple in the focal area. When the
visual purple is used up the object disappears.
Factors Affecting Night Vision:
• Lack of Vitamins A Colds
• Headaches
• Fatigue
• Drugs
• Heavy Smoking
• Excessive use of alcohol
• Excessive exposure to bright light even for short periods.

CHAPTER 4
TYPES OF FIREARMS, SHOOTING FIRING POSITIONS.
REVOLVERS (WHEEL (GUN)
A repeating firearm that consist multiple chambers and at least one barrel for firing. As the user cocks the
hammer, the cylinder revolves to align the next round with the barrel, which gives this type of firearm its name.
* An ideal for beginners and women because they are inherently safe, easy to operate, reliable and uncomplicated.
* Inherently more reliable than a pistol, it is less susceptible to jamming or malfunction:
* Good service handguns for security and law enforcement work;
* Usually cheaper than pistol;
* Have less firepower but are adequate for personal defense scenarios.
* Have a capacity of 5 to 6 rounds.
* Have a capacity of 7 to 8 rounds in .38 special or .357 Magnum.
* A six-shot, breech loaded, hand held weapon.
* It has a solid frame, a swing out cylinder with six chambers, and a manual ejector
* Cylinder is mounted on a yoke attached to the front of frame The yoke and cylinder are held in place in the frame
until released by manual operation of the thumb piece.
* Maybe swung open for loading or unloading of ammunition The cylinder is unloaded by manual operation of an
extractor that passes through the central axis of the cylinder
* Sights: (Smith and Wesson) Revolver
* Front size in nonadjustable, 1/8 inch wide, ramp-type that is designated for easy and quick from the holster;
* Rear sight has macro meter adjustment for both windage and elevation
Handgrips, Hammer, and Trigger.
* The grips of .38 caliber revolver are made of walnut, hard plastic, and
others. ·
* Both the hammer and the trigger are the wide, target type.
Serial Number:
The weapon serial
number is found on the frame,
on the underside of the grip. It is
also stamped on the flat surface
in front of the cylinder, on the
left side of the frame.

Caliber .38 Ammunition:

Caliber .38 ball - this type of ammunition, designated as M-41, is a 130-grain, center fire cartridge, with a lead alloy
core bullet. The jacket cover the of the projectile is made up of copper zinc and tin.
Wad cutter - this type of ammunition is authorized only for use in training. It is a 140-grain, center fire cartridge,
with a flat head, lead projectile.
CARE:
The care of the ammunition is simple and not time consuming. However, it should never be overlooked or
ignored. It is most important to keep the ammunition clean and dry. Protect it from sand, mud, moisture, frost, snow,
ice, or any other foreign matter. Ammunition that is dented or has a loose projectile should be replaced. The use of this
damaged ammunition is not advisable because it may fail to fire.
• NOTE: Remember to use caution when handling any ammunition.
OPERATION:
* Single Action - one of the manners a caliber .38 may be fired. In order to fire the weapon single action, it is
necessary to cock the weapon manually.
* Draw the hammer all the way to the rear, place pressure on the trigger.
* Released the hammer to allow it to strike the primer on the rear of the cartridge.
* When firing in the single action mode, approximately 3 1⁄2 pounds of pressure on the trigger, in or to release the
hammer.
* Double Action The function of the sear is to allow the weapon to
fire double action.
* To fire the caliber .38 revolver in the double action mode, apply a
rearward or squeezing pressure on the trigger and the weapon
performs the functions of coking and firing.
* A great deal is more trigger pressure is needed (about 12 to 14
pounds) in order to fire double action.

PISTOLS-("auto handling"/semi-automatic)
A firearm designed to be held in one hand when used, with
the other hand supporting the shooting hand. This characteristics differentiates handguns as a general class of firearms
from their larger counterparts.
 * Have more complex operating mechanism
* Have higher magazine capacities and more firepower than revolvers
*Modern high capacity pistols which utilize double column magazines carry a maximum of sixteen rounds
*Trigger mechanism come in single action (SA), double action/single action (DASA) or double action only.
*Single action pistols must first be manually cocked in order to fire, it will not fire if its hammer is down.
*DA/SA pistols fire double action on the first shot, then subsequent shots are fired single action. The recoil of
the pistol supplies the energy required to cycle the action, feed a fresh round in to the chamber and cock the hammer;
Fire once every time the trigger if pulled.

SHOTGUNS (SCATTER GUN) Most Potent firearm allowed under our laws:
* A firearm that is usually designed to be fired from the shoulder, which uses the
energy of a fixed shell to fire a number of small spherical pellets called shot or solid
projectile called slug.
* Effective in a defense scenario (devastating effect)
* Ideal for home defense situations;
* Has a powerful recoil a hefty 70 lbs. kick.
RIFLES (The replacement of BOW
and Arrow)
A firearm designed to be fired from the shoulder, with a barrel that
has a helical groove or pattern of grooves ("rifling") cut in to the barrel
walls. The raised areas of the rifling are called "lands", which make
contact with the projectile /9for small arms usage, called a bullet),
imparting spin around an axis corresponding to the orientation of the
weapon. When the projectile leaves the barrel, the conservation of
angular momentum improves accuracy and range.
 Lighter and more corrosion resistant;
 Fires more than 25,000 rounds without cleaning or
malfunction;
 Combination of optical sight/carrying handle and synthetic
"see-thru" magazines for easy load status verification.

Springfield M6 Scout Rifle (develop from the original US Air Force M6 Survival Rifle).

*Cartridges and shells are conviently stores in the butt stock;

*Drilled and tapped to accommodate a Weaver base scope mount.
•Versatile rifle for both normal and emergency situations;
•Stainless steel construction resist sand and saltwater;
•Lightweight, weighing just under 4 lbs;"

•Has a over-under barrel design features and upper rifle barrel chambered for a .22 rim fire of .22 Hornet,
• and a lower for .410 gauge shotgun barrel for magnum shot shells, slugs or flares;

Beneli M3 Super 90 (A Convertible Semi-Automatic

Pump-Action Shotgun).

*Uses a control lever to select the desired type of operation:

semi-automatic or pump-action;
*Uses the widest range of 12 gauge cartridges.
Submachine Guns (HK-MP5A3)

* Features a flashlight attachment for a low light applicators

and retractable stock;
* Standard equipment by SWAT units and Special teams;
* Delivers compact firepower;
* Cartridges are less destructive and more appropriate for the
urban environment;
* A precise and effective weapon.
CALIBER .38 REVOLVER: FIRING POSITIONS.
• LOAD DEPRESSED POSITIONS:
In loading position the shooter stand facing the target with feet spread
shoulder - width apart. Hold the weapon, cylinder open, in the palm of
your tour left hand with your thumb and two middle fingers on the cylinder. Your index and little finger secure the
weapon at the top of the frame.

• RAISED POSITION:
Raised position is used to move from one place to another. Grip the weapon cylinder open, in your right hand,
place your thumb on the rear of the cylinder to prevent damage to the yoke from the
uncontrolled movement of the cylinder, bend your arm at the elbow to raised the weapon to
approximately a 45 degrees angle from your body
• CROUCH AND HIP POSITION:
Crouch position - the only difference between the crouch and standing positions is that the
shooter step with his left foot forward.
• HIP POSITION - Assumed the same way as the crouch, except that the shooter brings the
revolver up to waist level and the elbow of the shooter's shooting hand is tucked in against
the body.
• KNEELING POSITION:
To assume kneeling position (one hand and two hand grip) bring the weapon up
on target, take a normal step forward with left foot, drop to your right knee and sit
down on your right heel as shown in this figure.

• PRONE POSITION:
To assume prone position the shooter brings the weapon up on target,
drop the knees, and fall forward,
breaking the fall with the free
hand. Note that the feet are
together.

• RIGHT-BARRICADE POSITION:
In this position the shooters bring the weapon up on the target. Placing the left foot against
the right corner of the barricade. The right foot is placed to the rear, and slightly to the left
of the left foot. For the one hand grip, the left hand is placed with the palm against the
barricade and the fingers pointed upward. The thumb is extended to form an "L" and the
right wrist is rested on the thumb. Keep both arms straight and locked. For the two hand
grip, both hands would be outside of the barricade.
• BARRICADE FIRING VARIATION
The barricade position may be modified for firing from any position. The position use will be dictated by the
situation and circumstance at the same time of firing. Examples are shown in the figure.

CHAPTER 5 COMPREHENSIVE FIREARM AND AMMUNITION REGULATION ACT Republic

Act No. 10951 (May 29, 2013)
GENERAL PROVISIONS:
The state also recognizes the right of its qualified citizens to self-defense through, when it is the reasonable
means to repel unlawful aggression under the circumstances, the use of firearms.
Firearms refers to any handled or portable weapon, whether a small arm or light weapon, that expels or is
designed to expel a bullet or any projectile which is discharged by means of expansive force of gases from burning
gunpowder or other form of combustion or any similar instrument or implement. For purposes of the law,
Small arms refer to firearms intended to be primarily designed for individual use or that which is generally
considered to mean a weapon intended to be fired from the hand shoulder, which are capable of fully automatic bursts
of discharge.
Types of Small Arms:
* Handgun is a firearm intended to be fired from the hand, which includes:
Pistol Revolver Rifle Shotgun
Types of Light Weapons:
Class-A Light weapons
Which refer to self-loading pistols, rifles, carbines, submachine guns, assault
rifles and light machine guns not exceeding caliber 7.62MM which have fully automatic mode;
Class-B Light weapons
Which refer to weapons designed for use by two (2) or more persons serving
as a crew, or rifles and machine guns exceeding caliber 7.62 MM such as heavy machine guns, handled under barrel
and mounted grenade launchers, portable anti-craft guns, portable anti-tank missile and rocket systems, portable
launchers of anti-aircraft missile systems, and mortars of a caliber of less than 100MM.

Standards & Requisites to Quality Issuance of and Obtaining a License to Own and Posses Firearms (LTOPF)
 A Filipino citizen; and/or those who are considered with "dual citizenship"
 At least twenty-one (21) years old
 Has gainful work, occupation, or business or has filed an Income Tax Return (ITR) for the preceding years as
proof of income, profession, business or occupation.
 License to Own and Posses Firearms (LTOPF)- granted by the Chief, PNP through FEO to a qualified
individual to own and possess a firearm in which after, called Licensed Citizen
LTOPF Requirements:
 The written application in three (3) legible copies duly notarized, and must be accompanied by the original
copy of the following requirements in which payment shall be upon approval.
 Regional Trial Court (RTC) and Municipal / Metropolitan Trial Court (MTC) within the jurisdiction on the
place where the applicants resides;
 Neuro-psychiatric clearance issued by the PNP Health Service and its accredited psychologist or psychiatrist;
 A certification that the applicant has passed the drug test conducted by PNP Crime Laboratory or any
accredited and authorized drug testing laboratory or clinic;
 A certification that the applicant that the applicant has passes a gun safety and responsible gun ownership
seminar;
 National Police Clearance;
 NSO Birth Certificate (For New Applicants);
 Proof of Latest Billing;
 At least two valid ID's (one Government issued ID);
 Income Tax Return (ITR), Certificate of Employment, Business permit or any appropriate document as a
proof of income,
 For Government Employee (Copy of Appointment Order, Oath of Office); •
  For Military Reservist (J9 Clearance); • For Overseas Filipino Worker (OFW) (Certificate of Employment);
and
 Retired Government Employee (Retirement Order or appropriate document)
 Firearm Registration Card - card issued by FEO as proof that the firearm is duly registered and recorded; -
 Residence of the License place/s of adobe of the licensed citizen as indicated in his/her license;
 Firearm of the Firearm/s - location where the firearm/s are kept and indicated in the firearm registration
card;
 Only Small Arms may be registered by qualified licensed citizen/s or licensed juridical entities for
ownership, possession.
 A light weapon shall be lawfully acquired or possessed exclusively by the AFP, the PNP and other law
enforcement agencies authorized by the President.
 Private Individuals who are already licensed holders for Class-A light weapons upon the effectively of this
IRR shall not be deprived of the lawful possession, provided that they renew their licenses and firearm
registration and they continue to possess if qualified for LTOPF
 Private Individuals with existing registered Class "A" Light Weapon may transfer its registration to another
with at least Type 3 License holder and has an existing registered Class "A" Light Weapon.
 Provided, that upon effectively of this IRR, no licensed individual may register more than two (2) Class "A"
Light Weapons, except those licensed individuals before effectivity this IRR.
 Conversion of a registered Class-A light weapon to small arm may be allowed by the Chief, PNP through
the FEO. Conversion shall be supervised by authorized representative of the FEO, done by the licensed
gunsmith.

• Accessories - parts which may enhance the operational efficiency or accuracy of a firearm, but not limited to, laser
scope, telescopic sight and sound suppressor or silencer;
• Conversion Kit - parts used to enhance the operational capability of a semi-automatic burst to fully automatic mode
and/or burst and vice versa;
Major Parts/Components of Firearms: Barrel
• Slide
• Frame
• Receiver
• Cylinder
• Bolt Assembly
The terms also includes any part or kit designed and intended for use in converting a semi-automatic burst to a full
automatic firearm;
Minor Parts of Firearms:
Refer to the parts of the firearm other than the major parts which are necessary to effect and complete the
action of expelling a projectile by way of combustion,
Ammunition
Refers to a complete unfired unit consisting of a bullet, gunpowder, cartridge case and primer or loaded shell
for use in any firearm.

Kinds of License to Possess Firearm:

LONG REGULAR LICENSE (LRL)
This type of license is intended for Private firms, establishments, corporations for use by their officials or
employees excluding security guards.
LONG CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION (LCR)
Intended for Government agencies or offices, govt. owned or controlled corp. For use by their officials or
employees excluding guards.
REGULAR LICENSE (RL)
Privately owned by civilians, security agencies and corporation for use of security guards
SPECIAL PERMIT (SP)
Privately owned by government officials and employees.
SHORT REGULAR LICENSE (SRL)
Private employee issued a firearm covered by LRL.
SHORT CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION (SCR)
Government official or employee issued firearm covered by LCR.
Revocation/Termination of License:
• A firearm license shall be revoked under any of the following causes:
• Loss of firearm through negligence;
• Carrying of firearm outside residence without the appropriate permit;
• Carrying of firearm in prohibited places;
• Conviction by a competent court involving moral turpitude for any offenses where the penalty carries an
imprisonment of more than six (6) months and a fine of at least P1,000;
• Unauthorized loan of firearm to another person;
• Dismissal for cause from the service, in the case of government officials and/or employees;
• Commission of a crime where the firearm is involved.
• Upon revocation of the license, the firearm and ammunition covered by such license shall be surrendered to PNP-
FED, in case of Metro Manila residents. In the provinces, it shall be surrendered to the PNP Regional or Provincial
Director concerned who shall forward the same the PNP-FED for proper disposition.
• Upon the death or legal disability of the holder of a firearm, it shall be the duty of the nearest relative, legal
representative or any person who shall knowingly come into possession of such firearm and ammunition to deliver the
same after securing the necessary transport permit to the PNP-FED or PNP Provincial or Regional Director. Such
firearm and ammunition shall be retained pending issuance of a license in accordance with the law.
• It is the responsibility of the department head and/or employer to report to the PNP- FED any case of loss of a
firearm covered by a SP, LCR, LRL and/or SLR.
• Licensed Sports shooter with existing PTCFOR need not secure PTT permits as the same is deemed included and
within the coverage of the PTCFOR, However, he/she shall secure the necessary permit for the additional ammunition
if needed.

Promotion of GUN-FREE ZONES:

The PNP, through its Police Regional Offices, Police Provincial Offices, City Police Offices and Stations,
District Police Stations, shall strongly advocate the establishment of gun-free zones must be observed. PTCFOR is
void.

For Types 1-5 licenses:

A vault or container secured by lock and key, or other security measures appropriate under the premises
imposed by the FEO, as a prerequisite for approval of the license or registration, shall be required.
For Types 3 to 5 licenses:
The applicant must comply with the inspection requirements of the PNP. Failure to comply herein is a ground
for the cancellation of license and/or registration.
Private individuals who are licensed holders of Class-A light weapon must comply with the inspection of vault or
container secured by lock and key as prerequisites to license or registration for approval, otherwise a ground for
cancellation of license and/or registration. Requirements of Upgrading the type of LTOPF:
* Certification from the FEO that the License is clear of any Derogatory Records;
* Previous LTOPF 0
* Updated Registration of Firearms; and
* Inspection Report (for upgrading Type 3 to Type 5 License)
Requirements for Registration of firearms (Newly Purchase):
 License to Own/Possess Firearms (Type 1-5);
 Certificate of Ballistics Testing;
 Firearm Bond; and
 Registration fees.
Requirements for Registration of Firearms (Transfer):
 License to Own/Possess Firearms (Type 1-5);
 Firearm Bond; .
 Deed of Sale/Donation (if subject for donation) ·
 Certificate o Records of Ballistics Testing and Stencil; and
 Registration Fees.
A licensed citizen may apply for the acquisition of a barrel frame or cylinder provided that he/she will registe as a
firearm with the registration fee of Php500.00 which is valid for four (4) years.
A licensed citizen may apply for the acquisition of an extra barrel, frame or cylinder as a replacement provi that
he/she will register it as a firearm with the registration fee of Php500.00 which is valid for four (4) years.
License to own and possess firearm to individual and Juridical entity for the ownership of registered firear has a
necessity to possess ammunition shall not exceed fifty (50) rounds per registered firearm at any giv time.
Only licensed Sports Shooters are allowed to possess not more than 1000 rounds for each registered firearm/
All types of license to own and possess a firearm shall be renewed every two (2) years within six (6) mon before the
birthdate of the license.
The registration of the firearm shall be renewed every four (4) years within six months before the birthdate of the
licensee.
Failure to renew the registration of a Class-A light weapon or comply with t standards and requirements for
renewal purposes shall be ground for the cancellati of the registration. The individual concerned shall surrender the
weapons to t nearest police station with in thirty (30) days. Otherwise, he/she could be charged f violation of the law.
Failure to renew a license or registration within the period stated above on two occasions shall cause the holder of
the firearms to be perpetually disqualified fro applying for firearm license.
It is the obligation of the license to surrender the firearms to the police officer station with jurisdiction over
the place where he/she resides within fifteen (15) day Otherwise he/she be charges appropriate for violation of the
law.
In case of Death or Disability of licensee, his/her next kin, nearest relative, leg representative, or any other person
who shall knowingly come into possession of th registered firearm shall cause the delivery of the same to the FEO or
Police Region Office or through the nearest police station which has jurisdiction over the licens and/or the registered
firearm. Failure to deliver the firearm or ammunition with in s after shall condor the percorsor liable for illegal
possession of the firearms.
Loose Firearm - refers to
 An unregistered firearm; ·;
 An obliterated or altered firearm, Firearm which has been lost or stolen,
 Illegally manufactured firearms,
 Registered firearms in the possession of an individual other than the license and •
 Those with revoked licenses in accordance with the rules and regulations; •
HUNTING PERMITS
The issuance of the permit to transport firearms for hunting was cancelled by the C,PNP Dir Gen Panfilo
Lacson. Hunting is not allowed in the Country as per PAWB of DENR.
LEGAL SOURCES OF FIREARMS:
 Licensed firearm dealer through purchase;
 Licensed firearm holder through sale or transfer. Note that the firearm may be delivered the seller to the buyer
only after the latter has secured the corresponding firearm license.
 Importation or Purchase abroad of firearm and ammunition by individuals has been suspended by order of the
President (SOP # 13 - Sept. 19, 1991)
Liability of Juridical Person:
The penalty of 6 years & 1 day to 8 years imprisonment to 8 years & 1 day to 12 years imprisonment
upon the owner, president, manager, director or other responsible officer of any public or private firm, who shall
willfully or knowingly allow any of the firearms owned by firm, found guilty, or willfully or knowingly allow any
unregistered firearm/s without any legal authority to be carried outside of their residence in the course of their
employment.
The penalty of 8 years & one day to 10 years imprisonment upon any person who shall unlawfully acquire
or possess a small arm;
The penalty of 6 years & 1 day to 8 years imprisonment upon any person who shall unlawfully acquire
possess a major part and/or ammunition of a small arm;
The penalty of ten (10) years and 1 day to reclusion Perpetua if three (3) or more small arms or Class A light
weapons are unlawfully acquired or possessed by other any person.
The penalty of ten (10) years and 1 day to 12 years imprisonment upon any person who shall unlawfully
acquire or possess a Class - A light weapon.
The penalty of one (1) degree higher than that provided in paragraph (a) (b) & (d) in this section shall be
imposed upon any person who shall unlawfully possess any firearm under any or combination of the following
conditions:
Loaded with ammunition or inserted with a loaded magazine;
Fitted or mounted with laser or any gadget used to guide the shooter to hit the target such as thermal
weapon sight (TWS) and the like;
Fitted or mounted with snipers scopes, firearm muffler or firearm silencer; Accompanied with an
extra barrel;
Converted to be capable of firing full automatic burst;
* The penalty of 8 years & 1 day to 10 years imprisonment upon any person who shall unlawfully acquire or
possess a major part and or ammunition of a Class A light weapon;
 * The penalty of reclusion Perpetua upon any person who shall unlawfully acquire or possess a Class B light
weapon;
* The penalty of eight (8) years and One (1) day to 10 years imprisonment upon any person who shall
unlawfully acquire or possess a major part and or ammunition of a Class B light weapon
* The penalty of Six (6) months and One (1) day to Six years imprisonment and fine of Ten Thousand Pesos
(10,000) upon any person who is license toof a own and possess a firearm but who shall carry the registered firearm
outside his her residence without any legal authority. "PTCRFOR", PTT" etc;
* The penalty of twelve (12) years and One (1) day to 20 years to reclusion Perpetua upon any person who
shall unlawfully engage in the manufacture, importation, sale or disposition of a firearm or ammunition or machinery,
tool or instrument used or intended to be used by the same person in the manufacture o a firearm, ammunition or a
major part thereof. Mere possession of tools and or machineries shall be prima facie evidence that such article is
intended to be used in the inlawful or illegal manufacture of firearms, ammunition or parts thereof;
* The penalty of 6 years & 1 day to 8 years to 8 years & 1 day to 10 years imprisonment upon any laborer,
worker, employee f a licensed firearms or ammunition dealer who shall unlawfully take, sell or otherwise dispose of
parts of firearms or ammunition.
* Buyer or possessor of stolen part or material, who is aware that such part or material was stolen, shall suffer
the same enalty as the laborer, worker or employee.
* The penalty of reclusion perpetua shall be imposed upon any person who shall engage or participate in
unlawful nportation, exportation, acquisition, sale, delivery, movement or transfer of firearms, their parts and
components and mmunition, known as Arms Smuggling.
Tampered, Obligated or Altered Firearm Identity:
• Refers to any firearm whose;
• Serial number;
• Other identification; 0 •
• Ballistic characteristics have been intentionally tampered with;
• Obliterated or altered without authority, or;
• In order to conceal its source, identity or ownership;
• Any individual who caused the tampering, obliteration or alteration of a firearm without authority from the Chief,
PNP through the Chief, FEO shall be liable in accordance with this section.

• The penalty of six months & 1 day to 6 years &1 day to 8 years imprisonment period upon any person who tamper,
obliterate or alter without authority, the barrel, slide, frame, receiver, cylinder or bolt assembly including the name of
the maker, model or serial number or any firearm or who shall replace without authority the barrel, slide, frame,
receiver, cylinder or bolt assembly including its individual or peculiar identifying characteristics, essential in forensic
examination of firearm or light weapon;
• The penalty of 10 years & 1 day to 12 years imprisonment period upon any person who shall willfully and
maliciously insert, place and/or attach, directly or indirectly, through any overt or covert act, any firearm, or
ammunition or parts in the person, house, effects, or in the immediate vicinity of an innocent individual for the
purpose of implicating or incriminating, or imputing the commission of any violation to said individual. Known as
Planting Evidence;
• If the person found guilty is a public officer or employee, he/she shall suffer the penalty of reclusion perpetua.
Grounds for Revocation, Cancellation or Suspension o License or Permit:
• The Chief, PNP or his/her authorized representative may revoke, cancel or suspend a license or permit on the
following grounds:
• Commission of a crime or offense involving the firearm, ammunition or major parts of pendency of a criminal case
involving the firearm, ammunition or major parts thereof;
• Conviction of a crime involving moral turpitude or any offense where the penalty carries an imprisonment of more
than six (6) years;
• Loss of the firearm, ammunition or any parts thereof through negligence; Carrying of the firearm, ammunition or
major parts thereof outside the residence or workplace without the proper permit to carry the same;
• Carrying of the firearm, ammunition or major parts thereof in prohibited places;
• Dismissal for cause from the service in case of government official and employees;
• Commission of any acts penalized under Republic Act No. 9165, otherwise known as the "Comprehensive
Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002";
• Submission of falsified documents or misrepresentation in the application to obtain license or permit;
Noncompliance of reportorial requirements; and
• By virtue of court order.
• The Chief, PNP or his/her authorized representative may restore the License to Own and possesses Firearm and
registration of the firearms on valid grounds as recommended by the FEO License Revocation and Restoration Board
(FLRRB).
• A fine of Ten Thousand pesos (10,000.00) shall be imposed upon any licensed firearm holder who fails to report to
the FEO that the subject registered firearm has been lost or stolen within a period of thirty (30) days from the date of
discovery;
• A fine of Five Thousand Pesos (5,000.00) shall be imposed upon any person holding a valid firearm license who
changes residence or office address other than that indicated in the license card and fails within a period of thirty (30)
days from the said transfer to notify FEO can be done through any memorandum, e-mail, or facsimile personally
signed by the license or authorized officers/representatives of juridical or head of government agencies / bureaus as
the case may be along with Affidavit of Loss and Certification from the Local Police as contained in the police blotter.
• The penalty of 6 months & 1 day to 6 years imprisonment upon any person who shall unlawfully transfer possession
of any firearm to any person who shall not yet obtained or secured the necessary license or permit. In addition, he/she
shall be disqualified to apply for license to possess other firearms and all his/her existing firearms licenses whether for
the purposes of commerce or possession, shall be revoked
• If the government-issued firearms, ammunition or major parts of firearms or light weapons are unlawfully disposed,
sold or transferred by any law enforcement agent or public officer to private individuals, the penalty of 12 years & 1
day to 20 years imprisonment shall be imposed;
• Any public office or employee or any person who shall facilitate the registration of a firearm through fraud, deceit,
misrepresentation or submission of falsified documents shall suffer the penalty of 6 months & 1 day to 6 years
imprisonment.
• Use of an imitation firearm used in the commission of a crime shall be considered a real firearm as defined and the
person who committed the crime shall be punished in accordance within this law.

EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 256

• Signed by President on December 21, 1995
• Section 7. No firearm application shall be approved by the PNP-FED without a Certificate of Attendance by the
applicant in a seminar covering Gun Safety, Responsibility, Laws, Regulation and other pertinent topics.
• PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 1866
• As amended by RA 8294
• FIREARM includes rifle, muskets, carbines, shotguns, revolvers, pistol and other deadly weapons from which bullet,
ball, shot shell or other missile maybe discharged by means of gunpowder or other explosives.
• The term also include air rifles and pistols not classified as toys under the provisions of Executive Order No. 712
dated 28 July 1981.
• The BARREL of nay firearm shall be considered a complete firearm.
• Section 1- It is unlawful to manufacture, sell, acquire, dispose or possess firearms, ammunition or instruments used
or intended to be used in the manufacture of firearm and or ammunition.
• Section 3- It is unlawful to transfer serial numbers of a firearm. The penalty of 4 years imprisonment shall be
imposed upon any person who shall unlawfully tamper change, deface or erase the serial number of any firearm.
• Section 5-The unlicensed firearm includes:
• Firearm's with expired license
• Use of license firearm in the commission of a crime.
CARRYING AND TRANSPORT OF FIREARMS
TRANSPORT PERMIT A one time pass issued to individuals for the purpose of transporting UNLOADED firearms
and ammunition from one location to another and vice-versa if necessary.
TRANSPORT PERMIT FOR ANY GUN CLUB MEMBERS - A written authority issued to FED accredited gun
club members for the purpose of transporting UNLOADED firearm's and ammunition from residence to accredited
firing ranges and vice-versa.
HUNTING PERMITS The issuance of permit to transport firearms for hunting was cancelled by then C,PNP Dir
Gen Panfilo Lacson.Hunting is not allowed in the country as per PAWB of DENR.
PERMIT TO CARY FIREARM OUTSIDE RESIDENCE (PTCFOR) A written authority issued to individuals
who are under actual threat or whose lives are in imminent danger due to the nature of their position, occupation or
calling. PTCFOR is issued by the Chief, Philippine National Police. PTCFOR is valid for One (1) year provided that
the firearm license is valid.
DUTY DETAIL ORDER- A written order issued by a superior officer to his subordinates assigning to the latter the
performance of a specific task within or outside his official station that is a part of his regular duties.
MISSION ORDER- A written directive issued by a competent authority to individuals who are under his supervision
and control for a definite purpose or objective during a specified period and to such place or places therein mentioned.
NO MISSION ORDER SHALL BE ISSUED TO ANY CIVILIAN AGENT authorizing the same to carry firearm
outside residence unless the individual is:
 Include in a regular plantilla of the government agency involved in the law enforcement; Is receiving regular
compensation for the services he is rendering in the agency;
  The civilian agent must be included in a special law enforcement, police, intelligence project proposal or
special project which specifically requires the use of firearm/s to insure its accomplishment.
NO MANNER OF CARRYING FIREARM
• The sidearm carried by a person in uniform shall be placed in a holster ecurely attached to the belt.
• Persons in uniform but without holster and those in civilian clothes who are authorized to carry their firearm outside
residence shall ensure that their firearm is concealed unless in actual use for legitimate purpose.
• The practice of flagrantly displaying a firearm or tucking it at the waist while in uniform or civilian clothes is
prohibited.
• Only firearms specifically described in the permit shall be carried.
LIMITATION AND RESTRICTIONS:
• Person/s authorized to carry firearms shall not bring said firearms inside public drinking places. Cabarets public
dance halls and public amusements places; or while attending civic, political or religious rallies and meetings.
• Carrying of long firearms is prohibited in Metro Manila, chartered cities, provincial capitals and other thickly
populated areas or fiestas or other large gatherings except when called for in the performance of duty or
accomplishment of mission.
REQUISITES FOR A VALID SELF DEFENSE:
• Under Article 11 of revised penal code it states that the justifying circumstances wherein anyone acting in defense
of his person or rights, do not incur any criminal liability.
• There should be Unlawful Aggression.
• There is Reasonable necessity of the means employed to prevent or repel it;
• Lack of sufficient provocation on the part of the person defending himself. These requisites to invoke self-defense
must be exist.