Lesson 1 : Differentiate and Create

People use the words RESUME, CV, Bio Data interchangeably for the document
highlighting skills, education, and experience
that a candidate submits when applying a job. On the surface level, all three mean the
same. However, there are intricate differences.

BIODATA
Bio Data, short form for Biographical Data, is an old-fashioned term for
Resume or C.V. A biodata is like a biography of person where the focus
is on personal particulars like date of birth, gender, religion, race,
nationality, residence, marital status, and the like. Biodata makes it easy
to collect such data as they are simple in format and can be easily
checked either manually or with the help of a computer.
The term bio-data is mostly used in India when people apply for
government jobs, or for research grants where one has to submit
descriptive essays. Bio Datas are not common in the international
markets where personal information is not required to be submitted by
candidates.
STRUCTURE
1. Maximum of 2 pages
2. Personal Information such as name, address, contact information,
religion, etc.
3. List of Skills, other Talents, etc.
4. Educational Background
5. A Chronological listing of Work Experiences
EXAMPLE
RESUME
Résumé is a French word meaning “summary”, it is a summary of one’s education, skills
and employment when applying for a new job. A resume is usually written in the third
person to give it an objective and formal tone. A resume would be ideally suited
when experience people apply for specific positions where certain specific skills are
more important than education. The goal of a résumé is to represent the skills and
experience necessary to succeed in the position from all areas—job-related, volunteer,
and extracurricular activities.
It is generally used in industry due to the convenience of skimming through details and
identifying the right candidate for further stages of qualification in the shortest span of
time. Often, recruiters and HR people receive several applications for a job position.
They just look through the résumés faster and create a pool of shortlisted candidates.
Unlike CV, it has lots of option for formatting and it is customized according to the
requirement of the job position. It is usually used
by applicants who already have job experiences and are currently hunting for another
job. Résumé means summary and it is the shortest
of all the formats. Thus, résumés are usually 1 or – at maximum – 2 pages long.
STRUCTURE
1. A Brief Profile of the Candidate
This includes the photo, name, address, contact information, and the objective of the
applicant. Other information not essential to the job – like religion, emergency contact,
etc – is not included in the resumé. Remember that the goal of the resume is to
represent the skills and experience of an applicant. The said information must be placed
at the top portion where it can be easily seen.
Example :
2. Summary of Qualifications
Most recruiters look for the summary of qualifications first thing after receiving the
résumé. This part immediately gives them an idea if the applicant fits on the job or not.
Skills related for the job are listed here, starting to the most applicable skill for the
position applied. Applicants may also include professional affiliations here, such as
being a member of an organization relevant to the position applied.
Example :

3. Professional Experience
Focus is on the most recent experiences (with responsibilities and accomplishments),
and previous experiences are only presented as a summary. The content aims at
providing the reader a balance of responsibilities and accomplishments for each
position. This part should indicate the name of the company, its address, employment
period, position and brief job description.
Begin from the latest to the earliest employment date.
Example

4. Educational Background
Indicate schools attended from elementary, high school and college. Honors and
awards received should be mentioned in
the appropriate school level. The enumeration should begin from the highest degree
attained.
Example:
5. Voluntary Initiatives / Extra Curricular Activities
Volunteer works and extracurricular activities has factor in some companies and job
positions. This should be listed from the most recent and most relevant to the job
applied.
Example

6. Character References
It is strongly advised and polite to seek permission first from the people intended to be
used as character reference. However, the reference information (name, company
name, job position, and contact information) must not be written in the resume itself.
The right way is to simply place “available upon request” and prepare a separate sheet
were the list of reference is written. This is to keep the privacy of the person whom you
consider as your reference.
CURRICULUM VITAE
Curriculum Vitae is a Latin word meaning “course of life”. It is more
detailed than a resume, it is the longest of all formats, generally 3 to 6
pages, or even longer as per the requirement. A C.V. lists out every skill,
all the jobs and positions held, degrees, professional affiliations the
applicant has acquired, and in chronological order. A C.V. is used to
highlight the general talent of the candidate rather than specific skills for
a specific position by demonstrating the achievements and potential of
the applicant.
It is used to write in detail about the life events. It is generally used by
fresh graduates, someone who is changing their line of career, students
for academic requirements, or people who are applying for academic
positions. It is accompanied by a cover letter which covers the gist of
the CV. The contents are generalized in nature and are not made for
different companies. It serves to give an overall picture of the person
rather than identifying certain set skill required for the job.

STRUCTURE
1. A cover letter to summarize the contents of the applicant’s Curriculum
Vitae
2. Personal Information
3. Technical Proficiency / Skills
4. Research Publication
5. Scientific Papers
6. Professional Experiences
7. Professional Organization Memberships
8. Professional Licenses
9. Positions of Responsibilities
10. Student Grants
11. Fellowships and scholarships
12. Awards
13. Presentations
14. Volunteer Work
15. Extracurricular Activities

Proper Posture and Attire

Lesson 2 : Proper Posture and Attire
PROPER POSTURE
Posture refers to the position in which someone holds their body when standing.
Psychologists proved that it takes only 20 to 32 seconds to make a good or poor first
impression, despite an interviewer's mental attempts to remain neutral. is about far
more than looking confident and poised. Sitting or standing in the right position
makes sure our bodies function properly.

CORRECT STANDING POSTURE

1. Imagine a string attached to the top of your head, then the string being pulled
upwards.
2. Stand with your weight evenly distributed between your heel and the balls of your
feet.
3. Your feet should be about shoulder width, and pointing slightly outward.
4. Avoid locking your knees.
5. Tuck your tummy in and don’t let your pelvis roll forward.
6. Relax your arms and let them hang naturally down the sides of your body.
7. Keep your shoulders back, and don’t let them slump forward.
8. Hold your head up straight with your chin tucked in. Don’t tilt your head either
forward, backward or sideways.
9. Look straight ahead.
10. If standing for a long period of time, shift weight from one foot to the other, or rock
from heels to toes

CORRECT SITTING POSTURE

1. Sit in the chair and straighten your back.

2. Pull your shoulders back slightly and make sure your buttocks touch the back of the
chair
3. Make sure your feet touch the floor. If they do not, rest them on a footrest.
4. Do not cross your legs or sit in other positions that do not allow both feet to touch the
floor or a footrest.
5. Keep your knees at about the same height as your hips.
6. Allow a small gap between the back of your knees and the front of the seat
7. Avoid tensing your shoulders and rest your arms on the arms of the chair or on your
desk so that they are parallel to the floor.
8. Keep your body straight. Your torso and neck should remain in line vertically, your
thighs should remain in a straight horizontal line and your lower legs should stay
vertical

ATTIRE
PROPER BUSINESS ATTIRE
A proper business attire is a good sign of professionalism in any type of
work. Dressing cleanly and appropriately for the workplace shows
character. In a workplace, revealing too much is unacceptable, as
modesty is key. Accessories, which range from jewelry to perfume to
notebook or briefcase, must also fit a business formal environment and
should be worn or carried in good taste.
For Men

1. A nice suit should be worn during the interview even if the job will require jeans or
outdoor clothing.
2. For men who work indoors in an office setting, a suit is preferred. Do wear a black,
navy or gray suit that fits well.
3. Wear a long-sleeve shirt in white or a light color, and have the shirt pressed. The
cuffs shouldn't be frayed or rolled up.
4. Never wear a short-sleeve shirt with a suit.
5. The pants and jacket should be the same color and material.
6. Businessmen should wear conservative or neat ties, not comic strip, silly, or iconic
ties. Same goes with socks.
7. Do wear black or brown dress shoes rather than tennis shoes.
8. A nice, appropriate, and presentable hairstyle makes the business attire a complete
package

For Women
1. Pantsuits should be tailored and creased, not flowing or too tight. .
2. A dress suit should have a skirt that goes no higher than 2 inches above the knee
3. Miniskirts, even in a suit, are not appropriate for business wear.
4. If suit wear is not required, wear dress pants/slacks and skirts, never jeans.
5. Don't wear skirts that are too long or billowy and Don't wear pants that are too snug
on the body.
6. Women's shoes should have closed toes, not open toes.
7. Don't wear sandals or stiletto heels. Heels should be conservative; shoes with no
heel are acceptable.
8. Avoid wearing see-through garments or sleeveless shirts.
9. A clean-looking (usually updo) hairstyles makes the business attire a complete
package.

Job Interview Skills Training

Lesson 3 : Job Interview Skills Training
THINGS TO DO BEFORE, DURING, AND AFTER A JOB INTERVIEW
Before an Interview
The week before the interview
1. Do your homework
Research the company and its background beforehand. Search for information
online. Find out who will be interviewing you, and review the job description in detail so
you understand it inside out. It’s also worth researching news or activities relating to the
specific industry, as this shows interest. These tips will help you with your pre-interview
homework. Make sure that you re-read the job description and can communicate why
you would be a good fit for the position.
2. Prepare your questions
When asked by the interviewer if you have any questions, have a few ideas up your
sleeve. This demonstrates that you’re prepared, enthusiastic and committed to the role
and the company. Try to think of less obvious but interesting questions that will set you
apart from other candidates.
3. Practice your interview technique
Think beforehand about how you can best demonstrate your skills and experiences
in an interview. This can make you feel more confident on the day. If you’ve been asked
to give a presentation as part of the interview process, give it a final run-through, make
sure you’ve got prompt cards, and try to make it as compelling as possible.
Prepare for the different types of interviews: behavior, experiential, or combination.
Have a story from each place you’ve already worked at that exemplifies one of your
strengths. For every strength or skill, you should have a story about how you
successfully used it. You will make a far better impression if you can back up your dry
list of previous employment with interesting stories that show what you gained from
each experience.
4. Plan your journey
Spend time prior to the interview working out how you’ll get there. Look up public
transport routes and timetables, or find out
where you can park. Plan how long the journey will take. Do a practice run, if necessary.
Aim to arrive about 15 minutes early.
5. Stay focused
Clear your diary before and after the interview, so you can stay fully focused on the
event. In order to give the interview your total attention, you don’t want to be
preoccupied with other things that need doing that day.
Day before the Interview
1. Lay out your outfit
Even if this is something you never do on a regular basis, laying out your outfit the day
before ensures you’re not scrambling
in the morning to come up with something appropriate. Plus, it’s a great opportunity to
make sure your shoes match and that your
clothes are stain and wrinkle-free.
2. Pack your bag
Next, pack your bag (or briefcase) with all the essentials — water, a stain stick, makeup,
and of course, a copy of your resume
(and portfolio if needed).
3. Review answers to the most common questions
Every interview has a different feel, but you can still practice. The easiest way to do that
is to review some of the most common
interview questions, which will help you feel prepared and confident.
4. Print extra copies of resume
5. Plan to eat breakfast
Sure, you might not be in the habit of eating breakfast, but when you have an interview,
you should make an exception.
Hunger can throw you off your game, so make sure to eat a light breakfast or lunch.
And more importantly, plan to do so (which
means: give yourself the necessary time).
6. Prepare for the worst
Bad things happen: it starts pouring on your walk, there’s traffic on a street that never
has traffic, your shirt rips. While some
things can’t be prevented or predicted, you can still prepare for the worst. For example,
if you’re worried about sudden road
closures or traffic jams, give yourself extra time to arrive. Or, if you’re worried about
blanking on an interview question, learn how
to stall for time. You can also carry an extra shirt in the event of rips or stains.
7. Create a cheat sheet
Jot down all the nitty-gritty details: who you’re meeting with and what their titles are, a
couple past work accomplishments or
stories you want to bring up, and the questions you want to ask at the end. Preparing
like this can be a huge lifesaver when you’re
moments away from meeting the hiring manager and blanking on their name.
8. Set your alarm (and put it in your calendar)
This may sound silly, but sleeping in the day of a morning interview can throw all your
preparation out the window, and get
you all frazzled for the interview. Set your alarm and avoid the snooze button to make
sure you have the time you need. You
should also make sure to add the interview to your email and phone calendar as soon
as a time is confirmed. The last thing you
want to do is get the time or date wrong.
9. Get a good night’s sleep
A good night sleep is your secret weapon for a job interview, ensuring you’re at your
most charming and lively. To make sure
you get some quality shut-eye, turn off your TV, and put down the mobile phone! Social
media will still be there after your interview
the next day.
Don’t cram any last minute interview preparation in just before bedtime, as this could
disrupt your sleep. Relax before bed to
ensure you get a restful night’s slumber, so you’re firing on all cylinders the next day.

During The Interview

The Day of the Interview
1. Be on time! Arrive at least 10 to 15 minutes early.
2. Bring the supplies you prepared the night before your interview.
3. Avoid any scents or jewelry that may be distracting to the employer.
4. Do not smoke right before your interview.
On arrival at the interview
1. A friendly, professional greeting
When you enter the interview building, greet reception staff in a friendly, professional
manner. If possible, find out the name
of the receptionist so you can break the ice with a personal greeting. Introduce yourself
and explain that you’re there for an
interview and provide the name of the interviewer/s.
2. Wait professionally
Adopt a professional approach when you’re sat waiting for the interview, using positive,
confident body language. Now isn’t
the time to check your social media accounts or WhatsApp your friends. Instead, switch
your phone off before you enter the
building and leave it alone until afterwards. If there are any corporate brochures to
hand, flick through these while you wait.
3. First impressions count
It’s a fact that first impressions count, so as soon as the interviewer approaches you,
ensure you come across as personable,
professional and courteous. Stand up straight, smile, make eye contact and extend your
hand. Say hello and introduce yourself,
stating that it’s a pleasure to meet them, and thank them for taking the time to see you
today. Attention to detail can go a long way
to securing your dream role. Be considerate and polite to ALL staff members. You never
know who will provide input for a hiring
decision.
4. Discard any chewing gum or breath mints before your interview.
5. Carry a tissue or handkerchief in your pocket to dry your hands in case you are
nervous before you go in.
During the Interview
1. Listen carefully to the interviewer.
2. Make sure you answer the question your interviewer is asking.
3. Relate your skills, accomplishments, and objectives to the needs of the company.
4. Provide specific examples when possible using the SARA method (Situation, Action,
Result, Application).
5. Focus on the positive aspects of your training and experience. You don’t have to
apologize for any perceived lack of experience
or background.
6. If you do not have the interviewer’s contact information request a business card so
that you can send a thank you note.
7. Your posture can convey confidence or insecurity. Sit up straight to send a message
that you are comfortable and confident.
8. Maintain eye contact with your interviewer and others in the room. If you focus all of
your attention on one person, you will not
engage other interviewers.
9. Avoid fidgeting. Use your hands to express yourself in moderation.
10. Be clear and direct. Avoid the use of filler words such as um or like between
phrases or sentences. Do not ramble. When you
finish making your point, stop! Silence is acceptable

After The Interview

1. Send a Thank You note within 24 hours of the interview.
2. Check out a sample Thank You note for inspiration.
3. If you do not hear from the employer after the hiring timeline they initially indicated
follow up professionally, and only once.
4. Call or email the interviewer or human resources representative and inquire about the
position and the new hiring timeline.
5. Evaluate your performance.
6. Did any questions stump you? Now is the time to improve your answers for the next
interview.
7. After a first round interview you may be called back for additional rounds of interviews
depending on the employer’s process.
8. For those participating in On-Campus Interviews, keep in mind that second round
interviews are typically not held at CCE, but
at company offices.
9. Check out our resource on what to expect at a second round interview to help you
prepare.
10. If a job offer is provided on the spot, which is uncommon, it is appropriate to thank
the employer and to tell them that you need
more time to consider the opportunity.
11. At that point, ask about the company’s timeline and deadline for your answer

DO'S AND DONT'S IN A JOB INTERVIEW

What to do during an interview
1. Answer the question that was asked.
2. Shake the interviewer’s hand.
3. Let the interviewer show you your chair – now is the time to be submissive, so as to
not offend the interviewer.
4. Say “Yes,” not “Yeah.”
5. Take a second before answering a question to show you are putting some thought
into your answer.
6. Take notes.
7. Let your achievements speak for you.
8. Ask questions, including asking for a full description of the type of work that you will
be doing.
9. Keep eye contact.
10. Be yourself.
11. Start with conversation topics that you are comfortable with. This will allow you to
direct the interview to a certain degree and present yourself in a positive light.

What not to do during an interview

1. Don’t talk too quickly.
2. Don’t digress from your points. Answer questions directly.
3. Don’t use slang.
4. Don’t use words you don’t know the meaning of.
5. Don’t be arrogant.
6. Don’t talk about your personal life.
7. Don’t give the employer any reason to think you will not perform well.
8. Don’t act nervous. You probably will be, but it is best if you take a few seconds and
clear your mind; your answers will be less
jumbled. If you find yourself getting really nervous, excuse yourself and go to the
bathroom to get some air. Don’t take too long
but it is better to collect your thoughts than to plow ahead when you can’t focus.
9. Don’t fidget. This might be something you have to practice but it is worth it.
10. Don’t get defensive. The interviewer will be asking technical questions. Everyone
has their weak spots and that is okay – work
with it and practice for it.
11. Don’t bring coffee. Sipping a drink is a sign of disrespect.
12. You don’t want to use this time to over-prepare or rehearse responses, which can
make your conversation seem scripted and
not authentic. remember your interview is a conversation.

Familiarizing the Workplace

Lesson 4 : Familiarizing the Workplace
PROFESSIONS AND THEIR TASK ASSIGNMENT/S
The following are 10 examples of professions – and their task assignments – in different
clusters under the STEM Strand, Health, Technology, and Engineering. The students
and/or the class instructor may discuss other professions not included in the list.

HEALTH CLUSTER

PROFESSION JOB DESCRIPTIO

Biologists study organisms and plant life to learn more about thei
Biologist how they interact with other organisms and their environment. Th
measurements, perform tests and experiments, and interpret and

Chemical Engineer This broad degree covers the development and design of produc
changes. Chemical engineers can be involved in the production o
 and substances used in mechanics. They are often involved in th
processes but can also work on safety and health issues involvin

Dentists diagnose and treat problems with a patient's teeth, gum

Dentist
provide advice and instruction on taking care of teeth and gums a

Medical laboratory technicians assist physicians in the diagnosis

tests on tissue, blood and other body fluids. The day-to-day dutie
complex analysis of microscopic, immunologic, biologic, bacterio
Medical Technician/Technologist
their results. Delivering test results to physicians, researchers or
samples to determine morphology. Medical lab technicians most
offices.

Nursing jobs require not only treating patients who are sick and in
Nurse emotional support to patients and their families, taking care of pa
helping doctors diagnose patients and providing advice and follow

Prepares medications by reviewing and interpreting physician ord

Pharmacist incompatibilities. Dispenses medications by compounding, packa
Controls medications by monitoring drug therapies; advising inte

Physical therapists help people with physical injuries or illnesses

Physical Therapist control their pain. They help determine the root causes of the trau
to create a plan for rehabilitation.

A physician, medical practitioner, medical doctor, or simply docto

which is concerned with promoting, maintaining, or restoring hea
Physician / Medical Doctor /
treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impai
Medical Practitioner
medical histories; prescribe medications; and order, perform, and
counsel patients on diet, hygiene, and preventive healthcare.

A radiologist is a medical doctor who is trained in executing and i

as X-rays, CT scans, ultrasounds, and MRIs and using them to tr
Radiologist
Radiologists perform image-guided procedures but do not norma
needs of a patient

TECHNOLOGY CLUSTER
PROFESSION JOB DESCRIPTIO
Analyze needs and design computer programs to accomplish spe
or plan parts or a whole program. Heads and plans the system d
System Analyst Systems analysts analyze how well software, hardware and the w
their employer or of a client. They write requirements for new sys
and monitor their effectiveness. Typical responsibilities of the jo
 A degree in computer programming can be applied to nearly any
Computer Programmer geographical area. Computer programmers write and test code, m
production of efficient and effective computer technology.

A professional that creates and maintains a website. The role is r

Website Developer modifying websites, from layout to function and according to a cli
visually appealing sites that feature user-friendly design and clea

Creates games for different platforms (consoles, mobile, PC, etc.

development of a video game. Designers, producers and graphic
Game Developer
However, programmers and software developers turn the idea in
operating instructions.

A professional that construct plans in network and internet install

Network Administrator supporting, configuring, maintaining and upgrading corporate cus
Installing and integrating new server hardware and applications.

The organization and implementation of databases is crucial to m

non-profits, and government institutions. Database administrators
such as SQL, and will learn other important computer science an
professional that manages database server or web servers Datab
Database Administrator specialized software to store and organize data. The role may inc
configuration, database design, migration, performance monitorin
backup and data recovery. The database administrator is respon
security of a database. Updating and amending existing databas
and data handling systems. Monitoring database efficiency.

Specializes in typing documents in different area of professions,

type on a keyboard all day. A data encoder job description typica
Data Encoder
maintaining databases and client files, managing hard copies, sc
data-related tasks.

Fixes computer problems, assemble computer parts, and suppor

technicians fill this role across a broad range of industries, and th
employer, a computer repair technician's job responsibilities and
hardware, maintaining and repairing equipment., configuring com
Computer Technician
offer remote support from an office or they perform hands-on wor
software, hardware and operating systems
installed and configured. They also provide support when problem
technician also include troubleshooting.

Creates animations (e.g. special effects, cartoons, etc.) using var

Graphics Animator Animators produce images that appear to come to life on screen.
commercials, pop videos, computer games, websites and other m

Multimedia Designer Multimedia/new media designers build on their skills and abilities
graphic design with animation to create computer based movies
 create engaging presentations of images and information for vari
movies, and video games. Though they work in a high-technolog
need a strong foundation in art to be successful.

ENGINEERING CLUSTER
PROFESSION JOB DESCRIPTIO

A degree in civil engineering will educate you on how to create pu

as roadways, bridges, and municipal buildings. Civil engineers of
cities and states, and take into account construction costs and re
Civil Engineer Civil engineers create, improve and protect the environment in w
and oversee construction and maintenance of building structures
roads, railways, airports, bridges, harbours, dams, irrigation proje
sewerage systems.

Students who obtain a degree in mechanical engineering are trai

analyze mechanical devices. Much of the work done by mechani
computer-aided processes. Mechanical engineering degrees not
Mechanical Engineer mechanics, but also testing and final analysis. Mechanical engine
machines such as electric generators, internal combustion engine
as well as power-using machines, such as refrigeration and air-co
engineers design other machines inside buildings, such as eleva

Students who are proficient in math, physics, and chemistry may

in aerospace engineering. Aerospace engineers typically speciali
engineering: aeronautical or astronautical. Aeronautical engineer
involved primarily in designing aircraft and propulsion systems an
Aerospace Engineer
performance of aircraft and construction materials. Astronautical
duties in designing, constructing, and testing aircraft, missiles, an
and applied research to evaluate adaptability of materials and eq
manufacture.

An electrical engineering degree involves classroom studies, labo

to develop a strong understanding of how electricity functions and
Electrical Engineer
large and small scale. Electrical engineers may design new uses
detailed calculations to be used in the installation or maintenance
 From sailboats to aircraft carriers, marine engineers and naval ar
design and production of water crafts. They need a strong unders
Marine Engineer
machinery, performance testing, and many other skills to create s
to shipping to recreation, marine engineering students are the mi

This degree is largely concerned with the efficiency and productiv

Someone who studies industrial engineering will know how to rev
Industrial Engineer
ways to manufacture products, and develop management contro
profitability and success in the industrial sector.

Computer engineering is a common education for people who wa

engineers, which is one of the high-paying STEM careers availab
Computer Engineer create a wide variety of computer equipment and often test and a
built. They may also be tasked with updating existing computer h
manufacturing of new devices.

Designs equipment for the extraction and use of oil and gas while
Petroleum Engineer
and environmental factors

This degree uses a combination of sciences, such as chemistry,

as well as engineering basics to understand the earth’s structure
Geological Engineering responsible use of resources. Geological engineers are often em
developing open-pit and underground mines while supervising co
transportation methods for extracted materials.

Design the structures where people live, work, and play. Architec
Architecture laws, but also includes artistic design, creating buildings and hom
well as visually pleasing.

Work Ethics
Lesson 5 : Work Ethics
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD EMPLOYEE
Working/improving the right traits can help you in the long run. Knowing the best
qualities of employees, may help an employee find a stronger foothold in the company
and increase your chances of getting promotions and success.
1. Hard worker
There is no substitute to hard work. Although everyone seems to say that they work
hard not many keep on working after being at the job for a while. So, one has to keep
reminding oneself about the importance and significance of working hard as an
employee.
2. Ethical
Work rules are made to be followed. There is decorum of every place that ought to be
kept. A good employee follows the policies of the company and inspires others to do so
too.
3. Positive attitude
A positive attitude has many benefits for individual employees and their colleagues.
Positivity leads to a more productive workday, and creates a better environment for
fellow employees. Great employees consistently stand out for their upbeat attitudes and
earn positive reputations for themselves. An employee that has a positive attitude has
the ability to acknowledge mistakes and still move forward in a positive way.
4. Self-motivated
When it comes to finding good employees, hiring managers often look for candidates
who can take initiative and get work done with little to no encouragement. Sheer
enthusiasm and interest in the work is often enough to drive these employees. A good
employee never hesitates of taking responsibility or a more responsible position.
5. Team-oriented
According to CareerBuilder, 60% of hiring managers look for team-oriented candidates
during the application process. Many companies succeed based on the work of teams
and entire departments, not just individuals. Many companies consist of teams. Any
company requires an effective team effort. An employer who can contribute is an ideal
worker. Someone who is like a fish in the water (of the organization), who can perform
well in a team will become a factor sooner or later. This make the person establish
friendly relations with the coworkers and keeps the office running smoothly which in turn
is appreciated by the employers.
6. Effective communicator
Employers love to hire employees who have the ability to communicate well and
express themselves in a clear manner, whether in writing or speaking. Ideal employees
will understand the importance of good communication, and just how badly things can
go wrong when a message is unclear or missed altogether. Inaccurate/inappropriate
communication between employees can cause many problems to the company.
7. Flexible and Dedicated
A good employee will not resist change blindly, but instead embrace it and adapt to it as
it proves necessary for the business. Employees who know how to adjust themselves to
new environment, willing to learn new things (quick learners) and perform their best in
changes are likely to be the best performers in any organization. He/she is also ready to
work beyond the call of duty in order to meet goals or to solve problems, even if the job
in discussion is not one of the regular works she is usually assigned.
8. Honest
A good employee is honest about his/her work and qualifications. Self-criticism and
willing to receive feedback (bad as good) is essential to become a good learner.
9. Give credit where it is due
One of the most prevalent practices doing the rounds in offices today is stealing the
credit of a job well done. A good employee will not only truthfully let the right co-worker
have her credit but also share her own accolades with his team.
10. Polite
Being friendly and approachable will never harm. a good employee greets her
coworkers a ‘good morning’, says little courteous things like ‘thank you’ and ‘you are
welcome’. These things may appear insignificant but go a long way in establishing the
person as favorite employee.
11. Disciplined and punctual
Every boss loves a punctual, disciplined and conscientious Time is money. Coming late
to office, taking unnecessary breaks, procrastinating and leaving earlier than the usual
hours cost money to the company. No employer will ever appreciate this.
12. Professional
Employees should always remember that they came to the office to work, to make a
career, not to spread office gossip or rumors. Respect the privacy of the coworkers.
Safeguard and protect the confidential nature of office business and transactions.

WORKPLACE BEHAVIOR
8 Types of Employees
Francie Dalton, an instructor for the U.S. Chamber’s Institute of Organizational
Management program and a recognized expert in leadership development, has
described eight classic types of workplace behavior to help managers better understand
their employees.
1. The Commander
Commanders might be perceived as domineering and aggressive. They don't like to
waste time worrying about how to phrase things tactfully and are often perceived as
bullies. It helps to see the positive side to these workers. They usually demonstrate
great drive and initiative. They are the ones you can count on to complete a task and
meet deadlines. Because they like to take charge of situations, they do well when given
the opportunity to lead a specific project.
2. The Drifter
The drifter is found at the opposite side of the spectrum to the commander. Drifters are
disorganized and unfocused. They have difficulty staying on task but do their best work
when variety and creativity are called for. They are often the ones to come up with
unique solutions that no one else could conceive of.
3. The Attacker
Attackers go through life with a superiority complex. They care little about other people's
feelings and often offend others. They do the most damage in situations that require
cooperative team building. They work best when given a task they can do on their own.
They can be useful when given difficult tasks that nobody else wants to do, especially
when praised for their ability to get the task done.
4. The Pleaser
Unlike attackers, making other people feel good is of prime importance to pleasers.
Although this might be good for the morale of the staff, it sometimes comes at the
expense of getting the work done. Pleasers respond well to praise that recognizes their
people skills. If there is a harsh message that needs to be delivered to pleasers, they
are most likely to hear the criticism if it is embedded in a lot of appreciation and thanks
for all the other things that they did well.
5. The Performer
This is a bit of a misnomer because performers give the impression of accomplishing a
lot more than they actually do. They have a great sense of humor and keep the
atmosphere lighthearted and upbeat with their jokes. Behind all the bluster, however,
there's often a person who does not hesitate to take credit for someone else's hard
work. They often try to shift blame for their mistakes to someone else. On the positive
side, they are very good public speakers and are skilled at forming new relationships.
6. The Avoider
Avoiders like to keep a low profile. They are quiet and prefer to work alone than be part
of a team that requires social interaction. They require detailed instructions and lots of
patience. They don't function well if they have to work with or for loud, aggressive types.
Although they don't usually show initiative, they are very reliable and will meticulously
follow instructions.
7. The Analytical
Analyticals are very meticulous, and will double-check their work as well as the work of
those around them. They aren't very receptive to change because they can't help
seeing all the negative aspects of proposed new ideas. They are more successful when
working alone, as those on their team often feel overwhelmed by the information
overload. Analyticals respond well to praise about their ability to anticipate what lies
ahead.
8. The Achiever
These employees display confidence in their beliefs and actions. They are capable
individuals who are aware of their own strong abilities without displaying arrogance.
They are well-liked, well-adjusted, competent workers with a sense of humor. They
consult with others and make good decisions that keep the organization's goals in the
forefront. Their decisions are not influenced by personal gain. They are gifted with the
ability to get along with all the other behavior types.

The 'Terrible 10' Behaviors

Through an informal online survey with Yahoo! and Survey Monkey, researchers
at the Civility Initiative at The Johns Hopkins University and the Jacob France Institute
of the University of Baltimore identified workplace behaviors that irritate people the
most. More than 600 workers and college students in the Baltimore area ranked bad
behavior on a scale ranging from 1 (not offensive) to 5 (most offensive).

1. Employment discrimination.
2. Erratic/aggressive driving that endangers
3. Taking credit for someone else's
4. Treating service providers as
5. Mocking race, gender, age, disabilities, sexual orientation or
6. People who behave aggressively or who bully
7. Littering
8. Misusing handicapped
9. Smoking in nonsmoking places or smoking in front of nonsmokers without
10. Using cellphones or text-messaging in mid-conversation or during an appointment or

Some actions, such as discrimination, may be illegal; but even more subtle behaviors,
such as making a sexist joke or not asking before lighting a cigarette, still add to the
stress of the daily grind and can actually lower productivity.

WORKPLACE RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES

It’s important to understand your workplace rights and responsibilities in regards to pay
and conditions, health and safety and workplace bullying.
By law, the employer is responsible for making sure:

1. Work environment is safe and providing appropriate protective equipment if necessary

2. Workers are free from discrimination and bullying
3. Employees receive all your entitlements in terms of pay and conditions.

As a worker, you are responsible for:

1. Understanding the conditions of your employment. This includes knowing your rate of pay,
working hours and entitlements to breaks and leave
2. Working in a way that is not harmful to the health and safety of yourself or others
3. Knowing what to do if you think your employer is not meeting their responsibilities
4. Make sure you:
o understand the conditions of your This includes your rate of pay, working hours and your
entitlements for breaks, leave and public holidays.
o know your rights in regards to discrimination and bullying. Know what to do if you
experience or witness this in your workplace
o know the health and safety requirements of your Know how to maintain a safe
environment for yourself and others
o have access to all of the appropriate safety gear and Know what to do in the event of an
accident
o know where to get help on workplace health and safety issues relevant to your state or

CONFIDENTIALITY IN THE WORKPLACE

Workplace confidentiality can be defined as keeping the employee, customer and client
information private. In today’s increasingly litigious and highly competitive workplace,
confidentiality is important for a host of reasons: Failure to properly secure and protect
confidential business information can lead to the loss of business/clients. In the wrong
hands, confidential information can be misused to commit illegal activity (e.g., fraud or
discrimination), which can in turn result in costly lawsuits for the employer. Many states
have laws protecting the confidentiality of certain information in the workplace. The
disclosure of sensitive employee and management information can lead to a loss of
employee trust, confidence and loyalty. This will almost always result in a loss of
productivity.
An employee should know what files or materials he is permitted to access in the office
and he should adhere to that. Under no circumstances should these files be shared or
given to unauthorized people. As far as the employer is concerned, any personal or
professional details of employees should be handled with prudence. Data related to the
personal details of an employee, applications forms, references, health data, salary
structure should be kept well under wraps. Only staff members of the HR department
who require the data for certain purposes should be given access to the personal files of
employees.
The word “confidentiality” has both casual and legal meanings in the workplace and will
have different meanings throughout your professional career. In some instances,
confidentiality refers to not discussing internal goings-on with co-workers. In other
instances, it refers to not sharing trade secrets and other company information with
competitors, the press or anyone outside of your company.
Casual Definition
You’ll be more likely to climb the corporate ladder during your career if you get along
well with co-workers, build strong professional networks and have a reputation as a
trustworthy employee. If you repeat confidential statements made by co-workers, even if
the original source doesn’t hear about your gossip, the people you tell might lose
respect for you and no longer trust you. If you gossip with customers, they might tell
your competitors, who will be less likely to hire you in the future.
Examples of breaking casual, confidential communications include repeating a co-
worker’s opinion of his boss, revealing the fact that a peer is interviewing with another
company, forwarding a confidential email from one employee to another, sharing
information you overhead others discussing or passing around a document you found
that wasn’t intended for others. A general rule of thumb for discussing others and/or
their information is not to repeat something if you wouldn’t say it if the person was
standing next to you.
Legal Definition
During your time in the workforce, you’ll have access to information your employer
doesn’t want made public or revealed inside the company. This can include salaries,
employee perks, client lists, trade secrets, sales numbers, customer information, news
about pending terminations, reasons for a firing, phone codes or computer passwords.
You may not divulge this information while you are working for an employer or after you
leave. In some instances, you will be asked to sign a confidentiality agreement requiring
you to keep company secrets after you leave an employer. Some companies might offer
to hire you specifically because they want you to bring inside information about your
former employer they can use. Even if you don’t sign a confidentiality agreement,
sensitive information you have might be protected under state or federal laws.
Information you can’t share outside of a business might include customer lists,
production processes, recipes, patents, financial information, research, website traffic
statistics and computer and building security information. Companies that collect data
on customers cannot share this information with other companies unless it informs
customers in advance, such as when businesses share email lists. Personnel
information is confidential, and information in an employee’s file, such as social security
number, salary, health records, disciplinary actions and termination reason can’t be
discussed with other employees. Most of this information can’t be discussed with
potential employers who call for a reference. Divulging inside information can damage
your former employer, allowing them to sue you to recover those damages. Review any
non-compete or confidentiality agreements you’ve signed with your attorney and
discuss any proprietary information you have you might not be able to share with a new
employer.