6 ATR - 600 ATA104-I ATA34 Rev-01

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>
> AVS aboard ATR -600

General Familiarization
ATA 34 Navigation
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Ref. GED:
Thales
Avionics
This document is the property of Thales Group and may not be copied or communicated without written consent of Thales
Avionics Services Worldwide Customer Training Centre 1
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> Flight and Navigation Equipment Function

Flight and Navigation Equipment consists of
▪ Flight environment data systems (ADS)
▪ Attitude & Heading Reference Unit (AHRS)
Primary Reference Function (PREF)
▪ Inertial Reference System (IRS) for CATIII
▪ Standby Instrument (IESI)
▪ Weather Radar (WXR)
▪ Air Traffic Control Transponder (ATC)
▪ Terrain and Traffic Alert and Collision External Protection Function (EPS)
Avoidance System (T2CAS)
▪ Radio Altimeter (RA)
▪ Instrument Landing System (ILS)
▪ Automatic Direction Finder (ADF)
▪ VHF Omni-directional Range (VOR) Radio Navigation Function (RNAV)
▪ MARKER
▪ Distance measuring Equipment (DME)
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▪ Flight Management System (FMS) Flight Management Function (FMS)
> Flight and Navigation Equipment – Identification and Location

P/N Item Item ATA FIN
9599-607-12352 Radio Altimeter Antenna ADC1 34-11-81 1FL1
9599-607-19993 RA Transceiver Unit ADC2 34-11-81 1FL2
C16786VA01 IESI MSU1 34-21-71 1FF1
C17053MA01 Air Data Computer (ADC) MSU2 34-21-71 1FF2
C17149AA01 GPS receiver IESI 34-22-82 200FN
S67-1575-145 GPS antenna 1 AHRU1 34-25-81 1FP1
420-00332-501 AHRU AHRU2 34-25-81 1FP2
261310206-01031 Flux valve AHRU1 RMM 34-25-82 60FP1
420-01867-210 AHRU RMM AHRU2 RMM 34-25-82 60FP2
K9321050A030 MCDU ANT MKR 34-33-21 4RF
7510700-951 ATC Mode S Transponder ANT GS 34-36-11 1RT
HG2100AB06 Inertial Reference Unit ANF DB1 34-38-00 5FX1
(IRU) ANF DB2 34-38-00 5FX2
7519272-901 IRU APM WXR CTLR 34-41-81 9SQ
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WG2001AA02 IRU Mounting Tray (IRU WXR RT 34-42-12 7SQ

MT)
> Flight and Navigation Equipment – Location (Ctn’d)

Item ATA FIN Item ATA FIN
RA1 TRANS ANT 34-42-21 4SA1 ATC XPDR1 34-52-81 1SH1
RA2 TRANS ANT 34-42-21 4SA2 ATC XPDR2 34-52-81 1SH2
RA1 RCV ANT 34-42-22 5SA1 ADF1 ANT34-53-21 4RP1
RA2 RCV ANT 34-42-22 5SA2 ADF2 ANT34-53-21 4RP2
RA1 TCVR 34-42-81 1SA1 ANT VOR LOC LEFT 34-55-41 6RS1
RA2 TCVR 34-42-81 1SA2 ANT VOR LOC RIGHT 34-55-41
T2CAS ANT DIR 34-43-21 5SG 6RS2
T2CAS ANT OMNI 34-43-22 6SG VOR-ILS-MB&ADF1 34-55-81 1RS1
T2CAS EQPMT 34-43-81 1SG VOR-ILS-MB&ADF2 34-55-81 1RS2
T2CAS EQPMT APM 34-43-83 51SG VOR-ILS-MB2 34-55-81 1RS2
DME2 ANTENNA 34-51-11 7SD2 GPS1 ANT 34-58-21 2SN1
DME1 ANTENNA 34-51-21 7SD1 GPS2 ANT 34-58-21 2SN2
DME1 TCVR 34-51-81 1SD1 GPS1 RCVR 34-58-83 155SN1
DME2 TCVR 34-51-81 1SD2 GPS2 RCVR 34-58-83 155SN2
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> Primary Reference Function (PREF) - Interfaces

Inside AVS Other A/C Systems
Electronic Engine
Auto Flight Controller
Multi-Function
Flight Warning Computer
PREF
Function Multi Purpose
External Protection Computer
Probes
Centralized
Maintenance
Reversion buttons
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Flight Management Cabin Control

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Pressure
> PREF - General Architecture

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Air Data - ADC architecture Inertial System CAT II

> PREF - Air Data Function

Each Air Data Computer (ADC) » Flight Environment Data description
» Is directly connected to the five Display Units ▪ Static Probe x 4
(DU#1, 2, 3, 4 and 5) (39DA, 37DA, 16DA and 12DA)
» Interfaces with the temperature probes and ▪ ADC x 2
with the probe heating system already in (1FL1 and 1FL2)
place on the ATR 42/72-500 ▪ Pitot Probe x 2
» Sends to the FDS the following parameters (55DA and 48DA)
▪ Calibrated Air Speed (CAS) ▪ Index Control Panel x 2
▪ Baro-Corrected Altitude (configurable in (4WK1 and 4WK2)
feet or meter) ▪ Temperature Probe x 2
▪ Baro-setting (in hPa and in in.Hg) (8FL1 and 8FL2)
▪ Static Air Temperature ▪ ADC Reversion Switch x 2
▪ Total Air Temperature (9WK1 and 9WK2)
▪ True Air Speed
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> PREF - Normal Air Data System Architecture

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> PREF - TAT Probes

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> PREF - Static and Pitot Probes
Pitot probes
Static probes
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> PREF - Air Data Pneumatic Pressure Lines

The Pitot probes have a water evacuation hole located at the aft end of the Pitot tube, this helps to
prevent excess water entering the air data pneumatic pressure line system
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> PREF - ADC Reversion

» The ADC source is defined by the ADC reversion control switches.
» If required pressing the ADC reversion switch will enable the CAPT or F/O to display data
provided from their opposite ADC.
» The CAPT’s switch has priority over the F/O reversion switch.
» When CAPT and F/O use the same ADC source, Flag “ADC1” or “ADC2” is displayed on PFD.
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> PREF - Data Display General

A Provides Computed Air Speed - in knots
B Indicates Altitude - in ft
C Indicates Vertical Speed - in ft/mn
D Provides True Air Speed - in ft
E Static Air Temperature (SAT) indicator - in degrees Celsius
F Total Air Temperature (TAT) indicator - in degrees Celsius
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> PREF - Data Display Details

» Altitude
Vertical tape with graduations every 100 ft
from –1,000 ft to 5,0000 ft covers +/-550 feet
around the current A/Cbarometric altitude
» Barometric Setting
Displayed just below the altitude tape: a
numeric readout provides the value in hPa
from 745 to 1100 with a 1hPa resolution,
and in inches of Hg from 22 to 32.48 with a
0.01-inch resolution
» Vertical Speed
A vertical tape is included in a grey area with
“1”, “2” and “3” numeric white indications are
respectively displayed for +/-1,000 fpm,
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+/-2,000 fpm and +/-3,000 fpm

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> PREF - Data Display Details (Cont’d)

» Indicated Air Speed
▪ A vertical tape graduated every 10 kts
with associated numbers every 20 kts,
covers +/-42 kts around the current A/C
computed airspeed, from 30 to 450 kts
▪ A yellow arrow, from the current aircraft
computed speed, provides the predicted
airspeed computed in 10s, calculated
from the actual speed acceleration
▪ In case of displayed airspeed
discrepancy “CHECK IAS” flag will be
displayed.
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> PREF - Baro-Setting

» The L/H CAPT and R/H F/O
ICP are linked to the PFD
format and controls baro setting
» Each ICP allows an
independent setting and display
» By pushing the rotator button,
the barometric setting is set to
the STD setting
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> PREF - Anti-Icing Indication

The crew alerting display for Probe Heating is indicated on the EWD and a Master Caution warning
given.
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> PREF - Ground Checks

» Draining of air data system pneumatic
lines
» Blowing of air data system pneumatic

lines
» Leak check of the air data pneumatic

lines Refer to AMM
» Cleaning of Pitot tube drain hole

» Operational check of VMO warning
through ADC1 and ADC2
» Functional check of VMO warning

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> PREF - AHRS System

» The A/C is equipped with two AHRS, each
system comprises:
▪ An Attitude & Heading Reference Unit
(AHRU 1FP1 & 1FP2) which integrates
the inertial components, the Heading, the
Attitude and the Vertical Speed
computation section.
▪ A Removable Memory Module (RMM
60FP1 & 60FP2) to store compensation
parameters used to correct the magnetic
field line interference induced by the A/C
ACCURACY OF DATA
- Heading data: ± 1.5 degrees (included flux valve errors)
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- Pitch data: ± 0.5 degree

- Roll data: ± 0.5 degree
> PREF - Inertial Function (CAT II Configuration)

» The Attitude and Heading
Reference System (AHRS)
computes and sends to FDS the
▪ Heading with respect to
magnetic north
▪ Pitch and Roll
▪ Linear accelerations along body
axes
▪ Angular rates along body axes
▪ Baro-inertial altitude
▪ Baro-inertial vertical speed
▪ States and modes
» The CMA provides the capability
for a maintenance operator to
operate the calibration of the AHRS
flux valve through the MCDU
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> PREF - AHRS Data Display General

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> PREF - AHRS Data Display Details
Pitch and Roll Attitude Mismatch Attitude failure flag

Pitch scale
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Heading scale display Heading Mismatch Heading Failure flag

> PREF - AHRS Reversion

» AHRS source is defined by AHRS reversion control switches.
» Pressing the ATT/ HDG switch on reversion panel - CAPT (2VM) or F/O (6VM) enables to
display data from opposite side AHRS.
» Pilot has priority over F/O.
» When both Pilots use the same AHRS source, flag “AHRS1” or “AHRS2” is displayed on PFD.
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> PREF - AHRS Alignment

» Alignment on the ground
▪ On unit power-up the AHRU executes a
1 minute alignment phase
▪ During this time, the A/C must remain
strictly immobile. Any A/C movement
may retrigger this alignment phase Refer to AMM
▪ Self-test mode (hardware tests,
functional initialization) is performed
before alignment just after power-up
» Realignment in flight
In case of total loss of primary and
secondary AHRU power supplies, the
A/C stability constraints to be maintained
are such that it is difficult to perform in
flight realignment: this explains the
duality of the power supplies.
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> PREF - Standby Function

» The Standby Primary References function is
composed of an Integrated Electronic
Standby Instrument (IESI), connected to the
standby probe system of the A/C
» This function aims at providing to the crew
the air data and inertial parameters
▪ As a backup display in case of primary
display loss
▪ As a segregated source of primary flight
data to identify failed ADC or AHRS
equipment in case of erroneous data
provided by primary equipment
» The IESI computes and displays
▪ Attitude (pitch and roll)
▪ IAS(in knots), when > 30 knots Note
▪ Baro-setting (in HPa and in inHg) Standby probe system (PT and PS probes,
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▪ Standard or baro-corrected pneumatic piping, heating system) is already

▪ Lateral acceleration (skid/slip). in place on the A/C
> PREF - IESI Interfaces

» VHF1 (FIN: 1RC1) through an ARINC 429 bus. This interface is used to tune and to display the
VHF1 Radio Communication frequency.
» VOR/ ILS1 (FIN: 1RS1) through an ARINC 429 bus. This interface is used to tune and to
display VOR/ILS1 Radio Navigation frequency and course selection, to display VOR/LOC
deviation, Glide deviation and TO/FROM pointer.
» DME1 (FIN: 1SD1), and DME2 (FIN: 1SD2) if installed, through an ARINC 429 bus. This
interface is used to tune DME
» according to the NAV-1 frequency selection.
» – One standby Pitot probe (FIN: 51DA) and two standby static probes (FIN: 14DA & 35DA) to
measure respectively total and static pressures.
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> PREF - IESI Pneumatic Lines

» The Standby Air Data system is totally segregated from primary system (Air Data Computer and
associated probes) and includes:
▪ One Pitot probe that senses the total pressure
▪ Two Static probes that sense the static pressure
» These probes directly transmit pressure to standby instrument IESI via pneumatic lines, hoses
and self-sealing quick attach/detach unions
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> PREF - IESI Control Overview

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> PREF - IESI Indications

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> PREF - IESI Navigation Indications

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> PREF - IESI MENU Control
When MENU button

is pushed and VHF
NAV1 is tuned on ILS
When MENU button is

pushed and VHF NAV1
is tuned on VOR
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> PREF - IESI Initialization Page

» On ground, during the aligning phase just
after power-up, different information are
displayed on IESI operational page
1. A/C symbol
2. "ALIGNING" label
3. Aligning time counter
4. VHF COM frequency
5. Airspeed
6. Altitude
7. Pressure data (if selected and available)
» NOTE: The VHF NAV frequency and ILS

data are not displayed at power up
Indicating during Aligning Phase
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> PREF - IESI Failures HMI
Example for VOR Example for ILS

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> External Protection (EPS) Architecture

» EPS provides the following sub-functions
▪ Weather surveillance (WXR)
▪ Air Traffic surveillance (TCAS)
▪ Terrain surveillance (TAWS)
▪ A/C identification for Air Traffic Control
(ATC Transponder)
▪ Height Above ground level (RA)
» Items involved in the function
▪ EFCP EFIS Control Panel
▪ DCA Data Concentration Application
▪ FDA Flight Deck Application
▪ RMA Radio Management Application
▪ FWA Flight Warning Application
▪ AFCA Auto Flight Control
Application
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Ref. GED:
▪ FM SW Flight Management
Software
▪ TAWS
Avionics Control Panel
Services Worldwide This document is the property of Thales Group and may not be copied or communicated without written consent of Thales
Customer Training Centre 36
> EPS - Functional Architecture

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> EPS - Weather Surveillance Function (WXR)

» The weather surveillance function is
performed by
▪ The X-band radar
▪ The reactive windshear (in the T2CAS)
▪ The display of icing conditions on primary
flight display
» The WXR computes
▪ Two range values (RNG1 and RNG2)
▪ Areas of 60° or 120° sector scans
▪ Operating mode and status
▪ Selected tilt angle and gain
▪ Target alert indicator
» The WXR process roll and pitch data and
compute background images stabilized in
roll and pitch
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> EPS - Weather Surveillance Function Architecture

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> EPS - Icing Information

The DCA acquires icing detection
information from A/C relays
(external to AVS) and transmit them
to FDA
▪ For ICING (amber) display on
PFD flashing or steady
▪ From MFC (external to AVS) for
displaying "ICING AOA"
▪ Form MPC (external to AVS) the
Active APM level for
"INCREASE SPEED" ,
"DGD PERF" and
"CRZ SPD LO" display
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> EPS - A/C Identification Function (ATC)

The aim of the A/C identification is to allow
ATC to control aerospace traffic and the
EPS is in charge to communicate
» Information about the A/C to the ATC
▪ Mode A A/C identification (ATC
Code)
▪ Mode C A/C identification &
Altitude Reporting
▪ Mode S A/C identification, ATC Reply
altitude reporting, tail number (1090
» The squawk ident-mode following a crew MHz)
action on the IDENT switch Radar interrogation
(1030MHz)
» To the ATS via the transponder the code,
altitude and data relative to the A/C MSSR radar
trajectory and intentions (Mode S-
Enhanced surveillance)
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Mode S
» With other A/C for TCAS function
Ref. GED:
ADS - B Extended Squitter

w/ Position, state info & Ident
> EPS – Traffic Surveillance Function (TCAS)

» Situational awareness is provided to the
flight crew by discriminating between the TCAS Collaboration Principle
intruding A/C, threat A/C, and other traffic
» Vertical guidance to avoid midair collisions
is accomplished by interrogating the Mode
A, Mode C, and Mode S transponders of
potential threat A/C, tracking their
responses, and providing advisories to the
flight crew to assure vertical separation
ATC Reply
» Two levels of advisories include
(1090
▪ Traffic advisories (TA) MHz)
▪ Resolution advisories (RA) Radar interrogation
(1030MHz)
» The FDA presents
▪ Vertical cues on PFD computed by the MSSR radar
TCAS to maintain separation
▪ Traffic data on ND in ROSE and ARC
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mode
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> EPS – TCAS Indicating

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Interrogation Principles TCAS information display on ND format
> EPS – TCAS Advisories

» The TCAS function generates both RAs and
TAs when the TA/RA mode is selected
» The two types of advisories correspond to
time-based protection zones around the A/C
» The airspace around the TCAS A/C
▪ Where an RA is annunciated represents
the warning area,
▪ While the larger airspace which results in
a TA being annunciated is the caution
area
» Vertical coverage +/- 10,000 ft of own A/C
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TCAS Collaboration Principles

> EPS – TCAS Architecture

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> EPS - Terrain Surveillance Function (TAWS)

» The terrain surveillance function provides Ground crew alerting modes (GCAM)
protection against controlled flight into » Mode 1 EXCESSIVE DESCENT RATE. In this
terrain (CFIT) and terrain awareness by mode the system analyzes the vertical speed and
means of T2CAS TAWS and WXR ground actual altitude
mapping functions » Mode 2 EXCESSIVE TERRAIN CLOSURE RATE.
Alerts on the basis of analysis of an actual altitude,
▪ Collision Prediction and Alerting (CPA) calculated air speed, LG state (extended -
Mode retracted), flap position.
▪ Conventional GPWS Modes » Mode 3 LOSS OF ALTITUDE AFTER TAKEOFF
OR GO AROUND. In this mode the system
analyzes actual and barometric altitude
» TAWS Alerts
TAWS alerts the crew by using commands
» Mode 4 UNSAFE TERRAIN CLEARANCE NOT IN
LANDING MODE. Alerts on the basis of analysis
▪ EXCESSIVE BANK ANGLE of an actual altitude, calculated air speed, LG state
▪ ALTITUDE CALLOUTS. Critical altitude. (extended - retracted), flap position
GCAM compares actual altitude and set » Mode 5 EXCESSIVE DESCENT BELOW
decision altitude, and in the event of descent GLIDESLOPE. Alerts on the basis of analysis of
below set altitude, this alert is ON an actual altitude, calculated air speed, LG state
▪ DECISION ALTITUDE and MINIMUM (extended - retracted), flap position and landing
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DESCENT ALTITUDE CALLOUTS Descent beacon group signals.

below minimum decision altitude
> EPS - TAWS Alerting Modes

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> EPS - TAWS Architecture

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> EPS - Radio Altitude Function (RA)

» The purpose of a RA is to provide the A/C to
AFCS, TAWS, TACS, MFC, FW, displays
(via DCA) with accurate measurements of
the minimal distance to the ground
» As an option, a second RA unit can be
mounted
» A Radio Altimeter is a kind of RADAR
system, i.e. it uses the fact that the
electromagnetic waves propagate through
the air at a constant speed of the light
coaxial RA
RX TX
Antenna Antenna
Antenna
h
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> EPS - RA Architecture

The T2CAS TAWS processes RA and DH/MDA values
to compute altitude call-out conditions for the heights
500
200
100
50
40
30
20
10
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> Radio Navigation (RNAV) Function

» In operational mode, the Radio Navigation » The Radio Navigation function
Function provides the Crew and the avionics ▪ Permits to the crew to select source
with position information relative to ground used for navigation VOR1, VOR2, ILS1,
station to follow IFR procedures and to ILS2, FMS1, FMS2
navigate en route, by means of ▪ Displays the Navigation source selection
▪ VOR for bearing to the selected VOR on the PFD/HSI and on ND
ground station ▪ Provides to the crew data in the units
▪ ILS for the vertical (Glide Slope) and the ▪ Distance NM
horizontal (LOC) deviations to the ILS ▪ Angle deg
centreline ▪ Frequency Hz
▪ Marker to confirm the position on the » The Radio Management function provides
centreline of the runway the crew with a mean to control radios
▪ ADF for the relative bearing to the ADF frequency tuning and status information
selected ground station
▪ DME for the slant distance to the ground
station usually paired to the selected
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VOR
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> Radio Navigation (RNAV) - Interfaces

Inside AVS Other A/C Systems
Auto Flight
Glide / Slope Antenna
Radio Management ADF Antenna
Cockpit Display Localizer Antenna

Management
Radio
Primary References Navigation VOR Antenna
External Protection
Marker Antenna
Flight Management
Centralized DME Antenna

Maintenance
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Utilities RCAU
Data recording
> RNAV Architecture

» VHF NAV function include s VOR, ILS and
MKR receiver functions and audio station
identification
» The ADF function provides the bearing to a

selected ground station and audio station
identification
» The DME function provides a slant-range

measurement between the A/C and a
ground station by emitting an interrogation
signal to a ground station and receiving a
response from it
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> RNAV - VHF NAV VOR and ILS Sub-Function Architecture

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> RNAV - VHF NAV ILS Principle

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> RNAV - VHF NAV MARKER Sub-Function Architecture

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The VHF NAV (&ADF) equipment provides Marker beacon audio identification (Outer, Middle, Inner) to the RCAU
> RNAV - VHF NAV MARKER Principle

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> RNAV - Automatic Direction Finder (ADF) Sub-Function Architecture

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The ADF function displays on PFD/HSI and on ND ADF frequency and bearing to ADF station
The VHF NAV-ADF equipment provides ADF audio station identification to the RCAU
> RNAV - Distance Measuring Equipment (DME) Sub-Function Architecture

The DME function displays the distance to the ground
station (used for navigation) on the PFD/HSI and on ND
when navigation source is VOR1, VOR2, ILS1 or ILS2
and provides audio station identification to the RCAU
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> RNAV - Navigation Sensors Display Sub-Function Architecture
The navigation source selection

is done by means of the FGCP
among VOR1 (ILS1), VOR2
(ILS2), FMS1 or FMS2
The EFCP (Left or Right) permits

to select bearing pointers to be
displayed on PFD/HIS and on
ND, through a press on P/B
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IESI displays VOR/ILS frequency if requested by the Pilot

through IESI MENU, and displays ILS/VOR deviations
> Radio Management function (RMGT)

The Radio Management function » The Radio Navigation Tuning sub-function
» Allows tuning through allows to control
▪ Primary mean (VCP) ▪ Two basic VOR/ILS/MKR receivers,
▪ Secondary mean (MCDU) ▪ One ADF receiver (and one optional)
▪ Standby mean (IESI) ▪ One DME receiver (and one optional)
» Provides Pilots with a mean to tune radios ▪ ATC / TACS modes selection
(radio Com and radio Nav) and to manage
mode control (external protection
equipment) during flight
» Provides a Virtual Control Panel (VCP)
interface to the Pilots accessed through
dedicated physical control panels
» Synchronizes commands entered by crew
member between VCP1, VCP2, MCDU1 and
MCDU2
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> RMGT - Primary and Secondary Radio NAV Tuning Architecture

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> RMGT - ATC and TCAS Sub-Functions Tuning Architecture

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> RMGT - Multi-Function Control Panel (MCP) Interface (Primary Mean)

To display NAV, COM or XPDR page on
VCP
To move cursor on
VCP
To select a frequency
or a parameter on VCP
To de-select a command
in case of mistake
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Numerical keyboard to
Ref. GED:
enter a new frequency

> RMGT - MCDU Interface (Secondary Mean)
…
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Access to COM and NAV pages through RMS

> RMGT - Standby Radio COM and NAV Tuning Architecture

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> Flight Management Function

» Main steps » Flight plans management
▪ Flight preparation ▪ IFR flight planning
▪ Data initialization ▪ IFR Flight path determination and
▪ Ground, take-off, climb, cruise, guidance
approach, descent, go-around » Navigation predictions
▪ Maintenance on ground
» Manages Navigation Databases split into » Lateral navigation
▪ A standard database containing
airports, runways, airways, Navaids, » Vertical navigation
waypoints, SID, SATR and approaches
▪ A user database with 300 waypoints, » Radio auto tuning management
100 VHF Navaids, 100 airports, 100 user
routes of 40 items each
▪ A company route database composed
» Speed bugs & Managed speed
of airports, airways sections, enroute and
terminal fixes, one SID, one STAR and
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one approach
> FMS - Available Functions VS FMC State

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> FMS - Principle of general DU interface architecture

» The FMS uses the Display Units (1WK1, 3WK1, 2WK, 3WK2, 1WK2) to show to the cockpit
Crew the necessary information for the navigation of the A/C.
» The DUs have interfaces with each other via AFDX.
» The Core Avionics Cabinet (CAC 1TF1, 1TF2) also communicates with the DUs via AFDX.
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> FMS - Interfaces to Other Systems Components

The Flight Display Software (FDS) of the DU provides interface between the hosted FMA and all
other systems involved in the FMS
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Ref. GED:
> FMS - Software Overview

» The FMA SW, FMA configuration file and
FMA databases are loaded on FMA1 and
FMA2 through the compact flash cards
» Two types of compact flash cards are used:
▪ Resident card is permanently fitted on
the DU. On every start up the FMS
retrieves the data stored on this card.
• Navigation Standard Database,
• Pilot Database,
• Company Database,
• Magnetic Variation Database,
• A secondary F-PLN.
▪ Specific card is for maintenance
purposes only and replaces the resident
Additionally to the FMA, the DUs contain
card during maintenance operation for
• The Flight Display Application (FDA),
SW update and contains
• The Radio Management Application (RMA)
• Performance Databases,
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• The Airport Navigation Application (ANA) as option

Ref. GED:
• FMA software,
• FMA configuration file
> FMS - HMI ARINC 429 Interfaces

» FGCP (13VU): The FGCP (3CA) is mainly
dedicated to the auto flight control.
» MCDU (8VU): There are two segregated left

and right MCDU (10WK1 & 10WK2) that
allow the cockpit Crew to select and
navigate into the FMS sub-system pages.
» EFCP (11VU): There are two segregated left

and right EFCP (6WK1 & 6WK2) allows
cockpit Crew to control the display of MFD
pages and to control some ND
functionalities.
» MCP (8VU): There are two segregated left

and right MCP (5WK1 & 5WK2) allows
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cockpit Crew to control the virtual control

Ref. GED:
panel format on MFD.

> FMS - Navigation Architecture

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Ref. GED:
> FMS - FM Display Architecture on PFD, ND and PERF INIT pages

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Ref. GED:
> FMS - GPS Function Architecture

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Ref. GED:
> FMS - General Architecture

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Ref. GED:
> FMS - Principle of FMA Configuration

The FMS has the possibility to work in three different configurations
- Dual FMA configuration - Single FMA configuration - Independent FMA configuration
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Ref. GED:
> FMS - FMA Synchronization

» In dual FMA configuration, both FMA perform the same calculations in parallel.
» A cross talk between both FMA ensures crosscheck and synchronization on a reference FMA.
» The side in command (CAPT or F/O) is determined by selection of the “CPL” push-button on the
FGCP. The FMS can be selected as “NAV SOURCE”. The MASTER FMA auto-tunes the
radio-navigation aids and sends the steering data to the autopilot for the lateral guidance.
» When dual FMA synchronization is interrupted the crew is warned (“CTK” is displayed on the left
upper corner of the MCDU) and is suggested to confirm a dual FMA re-synchronization.
» However, when the FMA is not synchronized, the crew is alerted of the discrepancy case and
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each FMA uses its own data only. The failures are indicated on MCDU
Ref. GED:
> FMS - System Modes and Operational Pages
MCDU “Power-Up” Mode MCDU “INIT” page MCDU “FPLN” page

during Initialization mode
MCDU “DIRECT TO” page MCDU “WEIGHT” page MCDU “FUEL FLOW” page
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Ref. GED:
> FMS - Operational Pages
MCDU “PERF INIT” page MCDU “POS INIT” page MCDU “GPS NAV” page
MCDU “NAV FRQ” page MCDU “VNAV” page MCDU “MSG” page
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Ref. GED:
> FMS - Flight Plan Management

» A flight plan is a succession of waypoints connected by legs
» The flight planning function allows the Pilot to create, revise and activate a flight plan
» The Crew can create a flight plan with the MCDU by entry of identifications (IDENT), departure
procedures, waypoints (WPT), navigation aids (NAVAID), and arrival procedures defined in the
navigation databases
» The Crew has also possibility to create Pilot data (WPT, NAVAID, airports and routes)
» Three different flight plans exist
- Active flight plan - Temporary flight plan - Secondary flight plan
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Ref. GED:
> FMS - Lateral Navigation

» Its purpose is to provide an A/C localization in the lateral plane
» The FMS contains a multi-sensors localization function
» It computes appropriate navigation parameters to follow desired lateral flight path, either by
a manual guidance or by sending correct steering orders to the AFCS. In both cases, guidance
data are displayed on ND/PFD to the crew
» BCP Mode is the Best Computed Position to be as representative of the most accurate A/C
position with a mix of available and selected localization sensors on board (GPS, VOR, DME,
ADC and AHRS) with the following priority
▪ GPS mode GPS position,
▪ DME mode DME/DME,
▪ V/D mode VOR/DME,
▪ VOR mode VOR/VOR.
» The Air Data (A-D) mode will be used as backup if all normal localization means are uninstalled,
deselected or inoperative.
» Definition of flight areas (ENROUTE, TERMINAL, APPROACH) helps the crew and FMS to
manage changes of lateral navigation accuracy requirements (RNP)
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Ref. GED:
> FMS - Vertical Navigation

» The FMA does not compute a vertical position but acquires from several vertical sensors the
data required for a vertical localization such as Radio-Altimeter (RA), dual ADC and dual AHRS
» Vertical flight phases computed
GROUND - TAKE OFF - CLIMB - CRUISE - DESCENT - APPROACH - GO AROUND
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Ref. GED:
FMS flight phases
> FMS - Vertical Guidance

The FMA computes and displays speed bugs
on the PFD speed scale tape and on the
MFD “PERF INIT” page
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Ref. GED:
> FMS - Indicating General Rule
Colours used on DU and MCDU

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Ref. GED:
> FMS - Indicating on PFD and on MFD “PERF INIT” page
FMA A/C weight

& Balance
area
Speed
scale TO area
HSI
Approach
area
ADI VCP PERF

page
PFD display areas MFD “PERF INIT” page

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Ref. GED:
> FMS - Indicating on MFD “ND” Page

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Ref. GED:
> FMS - Failures Display

» When a failure occurs on either FMA, the
FMS operates with the remaining
operational equipment.
» The only operative FMA can be both
controlled by Pilot and first Officer through
their MCDU.
» Relevant FMS failures are indicated on the
MCDU “MSG” page.
MCDU "MSG" page

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Ref. GED:
> ATA 34 - Navigation Conclusion

With all the previous studied means…
trust the technology
and have a very nice proximate flight

ASW/11/001476
Ref. GED:

6 ATR - 600 ATA104-I ATA34 Rev-01

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6 ATR - 600 ATA104-I ATA34 Rev-01

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GENFAM L&B Abb Quiz ?

AVS a b oa rd ATR -6 0 0 ATA 3 4

> AVS aboard ATR -600

> Flight and Navigation Equipment Function

▪ Flight Management System (FMS) Flight Management Function (FMS)

> Flight and Navigation Equipment – Identification and Location

WG2001AA02 IRU Mounting Tray (IRU WXR RT 34-42-12 7SQ

> Flight and Navigation Equipment – Location (Ctn’d)

> Primary Reference Function (PREF) - Interfaces

Flight Management Cabin Control

> PREF - General Architecture

Air Data - ADC architecture Inertial System CAT II

> PREF - Air Data Function

> PREF - Normal Air Data System Architecture

> PREF - TAT Probes

> PREF - Static and Pitot Probes

> PREF - Air Data Pneumatic Pressure Lines

> PREF - ADC Reversion

> PREF - Data Display General

> PREF - Data Display Details

+/-2,000 fpm and +/-3,000 fpm

> PREF - Data Display Details (Cont’d)

> PREF - Baro-Setting

> PREF - Anti-Icing Indication

> PREF - Ground Checks

» Blowing of air data system pneumatic

» Leak check of the air data pneumatic

» Cleaning of Pitot tube drain hole

» Functional check of VMO warning

> PREF - AHRS System

- Pitch data: ± 0.5 degree

> PREF - Inertial Function (CAT II Configuration)

> PREF - AHRS Data Display General

> PREF - AHRS Data Display Details

Pitch and Roll Attitude Mismatch Attitude failure flag

Heading scale display Heading Mismatch Heading Failure flag

> PREF - AHRS Reversion

> PREF - AHRS Alignment

> PREF - Standby Function

▪ Standard or baro-corrected pneumatic piping, heating system) is already

> PREF - IESI Interfaces

> PREF - IESI Pneumatic Lines

> PREF - IESI Control Overview

> PREF - IESI Indications

> PREF - IESI Navigation Indications

> PREF - IESI MENU Control

When MENU button

When MENU button is

> PREF - IESI Initialization Page

» NOTE: The VHF NAV frequency and ILS

> PREF - IESI Failures HMI

Example for VOR Example for ILS

> External Protection (EPS) Architecture

> EPS - Functional Architecture

> EPS - Weather Surveillance Function (WXR)

> EPS - Weather Surveillance Function Architecture

> EPS - Icing Information

> EPS - A/C Identification Function (ATC)

ADS - B Extended Squitter

> EPS – Traffic Surveillance Function (TCAS)

> EPS – TCAS Indicating

Interrogation Principles TCAS information display on ND format

> EPS – TCAS Advisories