WEEK 1

lesson 1

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Bin - a container or enclosed space for storage.

Computer chassis - the enclosure that contains most of the components of a computer

Diagnostic tools - used to test the integrity of circuits and the quality of electricity in

computer components and to test the functionality of computer

• Hazards - risks; dangers

⚫ nsulation - a material that reduces or prevents the transmission of heat or sound or electricity

Nozzle a projecting part with an opening, as at the end of a hose, for regulating and directing a flow of
fluid.

Preventive - Intended or used to prevent or hinder.

Static electricity - an accumulation of electric charge on an insulated body.

Tool - a handheld device that aids in accomplishing a task.

Toolkit - a set of tools designed to be used together or for a particular purpose.

ACRONYMS

ESD Electro-Static Discharge

USB-Universal Serial Bus

⚫ LCD-Liquid Crystal Display

Environmental Safety and Health Program requires the following:

⚫ All tools be kept in good condition with regular maintenance

• The right tool be used for the job

Each tool be examined before use AND damaged or defective tools NOT to be used

⚫ Tools be operated according to manufacturer's instructions

The right protective equipment for the tool and activity be used

Hardware tools are grouped into these four categories:

Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) tools

. Hand tools

Cleaning tools

Diagnostic tools

ESD TOOLS
Static electricity is easily generated by friction on carpets, tile flooring, clothing, hair, fabric, and etc. The
friction of moving air alone will charge suspended particles and cause the buildup of static electrical
charges on people and objects in the environment.

Grounded anti-static work mats used with anti-static wrist straps provide the most

basic means for the controlled discharge of electro-static electricity. ⚫Anti-static wrist strap - used to
prevent ESD damage to computer equipment.

Anti-static mat- used to stand on or place hardware on to prevent static electricity from

building up

HAND TOOLS

⚫A hand tool is a device for performing work on a material or a physical system using only hands. The
hand tools can be manually used employing force, or electrically powered, using electrical current.

Flat head screwdriver - used to loosen or tighten slotted screws.

Philips head screwdriver-used to loosen or tighten crosshead screws

Torx screwdriver - used to loosen or tighten screws that have a star-like depression on the top, a feature
that is mainly found on laptop

Hex driver - sometimes called a nut driver, is used to tighten nuts in the same way that a screwdriver
tightens screws

Needle-nose plier - used to hold small parts

Wire cutter - used to strip and cut wires.

Tweezers - used to manipulate small parts.

Part retriever - used to retrieve parts from location that are to small for your hand to fit.

Flashlight - used to light up areas that you cannot see well

You sent

Lesson 1

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Bin - a container or enclosed space for storage.

Computer chassis - the enclosure that contains most of the components of a computer Diagnostic tools -
used to test the integrity of circuits and the quality of electricity in

computer components and to test the functionality of computer

• Hazards - risks; dangers

⚫ Insulation - a material that reduces or prevents the transmission of heat or sound or electricity

Nozzle a projecting part with an opening, as at the end of a hose, for regulating and directing a flow of
fluid.

⚫ Preventive - Intended or used to prevent or hinder.

Static electricity - an accumulation of electric charge on an insulated body.

Tool - a handheld device that aids in accomplishing a task.

Toolkit - a set of tools designed to be used together or for a particular purpose.

ACRONYMS

ESD Electro-Static Discharge

USB-Universal Serial Bus

⚫ LCD-Liquid Crystal Display

Environmental Safety and Health Program requires the following:

⚫ All tools be kept in good condition with regular maintenance

• The right tool be used for the job

Each tool be examined before use AND damaged or defective tools NOT to be used

⚫ Tools be operated according to manufacturer's instructions

The right protective equipment for the tool and activity be used

Hardware tools are grouped into these four categories:

Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) tools

. Hand tools
Cleaning tools

Diagnostic tools

ESD TOOLS

Static electricity is easily generated by friction on carpets, tile flooring, clothing, hair, fabric, and etc. The
friction of moving air alone will charge suspended particles and cause the buildup of static electrical
charges on people and objects in the environment.

Grounded anti-static work mats used with anti-static wrist straps provide the most

basic means for the controlled discharge of electro-static electricity.

Anti-static wrist strap - used to prevent ESD damage to computer equipment.

Anti-static mat- used to stand on or place hardware on to prevent static electricity from

building up

HAND TOOLS

A hand tool is a device for performing work on a material or a physical system using only hands. The
hand tools can be manually used employing force, or electrically powered, using electrical current.

Flat head screwdriver - used to loosen or tighten slotted screws.

Philips head screwdriver-used to loosen or tighten crosshead screws

Torx screwdriver - used to loosen or tighten screws that have a star-like depression on the top, a feature
that is mainly found on laptop
Hex driver - sometimes called a nut driver, is used to tighten nuts in the same way that a screwdriver
tightens screws

Needle-nose plier - used to hold small parts

Wire cutter - used to strip and cut wires.

Tweezers - used to manipulate small parts.

Part retriever - used to retrieve parts from location that are to small for your hand to fit.

Flashlight - used to light up areas that you cannot see well

You sent

CLEANING TOOLS

Having the appropriate cleaning tools is essential when maintaining or repairing computers.

Using these tools ensures that computer components are not damaged during cleaning

Lint-free cloth - used to clean different computer components without scratching or

leaving debris. Compressed air - used to blow away dust and debris from different computer parts

without touching the components.

Air pump blower-same with compressed air, it is used to blow away dust and debris from different
computer parts without touching the components. The only difference is it is made of rubber and you
have to squeeze it to release the air

Cable ties - used to bundle cables neatly inside and outside of a computer
. Parts organizer - used to hold screw, jumpers, fasteners and other small parts and prevents them from
getting mixed together.

Isopropyl alcohol is probably one of the most important cleaners to use with a computer. you typically
use alcohol on the CPU and heatsink to make sure they're clean before you mate them together. It can
also be useful for cleaning contacts that have begun to corrode.

Rubber eraser- it is use for cleaning memory card such as RAM

DIAGNOSTIC TOOLS

Computers are easier to use and more dependable with each new generation of hardware and operating
system update, but that doesn't mean they're problem-free

Windows Performance Monitor

Windows Resource Monitor

Windows Performance Monitor- The performance monitor gives you a quick view of vital information
related your computers hardware. From here, you can check out your CPU, Memory, Disk info and
Ethernet information. You can use Performance Monitor to examine the effects of your running
applications in both real time and by collecting data to check out for later analysis.

Windows Resource Monitor-This diagnostic tool is more robust that Windows Performance Monitor. It is
better suited for tracking individual aspects of CPU. Network, memory and disk usage. This tool gives you
an in depth look at what processes are affecting your CPU, how much memory is being used what is
using it, individual process

disk activity and network information like current TCP connections and what processes are listening on
what port.

• Multimeter - used to test the integrity of circuits and the quality of electricity in computer
components.

Loopback Adapter - used to test the functionality of computer ports.

WEEK 2

Lesson 2 Below are some of the safety rules that you need to follow in using hand and power tools:

Always wear eye protectio

Wear the right safety equipment

. Use tools that are right in use and type.

. Follow the proper procedure and instructions for using the tool

Keep your cutting tools sharp and in good condition

. Work with clean hands

Handle sharp-edged and pointed tools, like scissors with care

Always carry pointed tools by your side with the point and heavy end down

. Never carry tools inside your pockets

. Avoid using loose or cracked tools

. Never use screwdrivers as a chisel or pry bar

Clean and return a tool to its proper storage place after use

Report any break or malfunction to your teacher at once

• Do not use tools for things they were not meant to be

Make sure that the proper tool for the job is being used

. The first step in preventing the injuries while working with tools is to always maintain hand tools,
power tools, and other similar equipment in safe working condition

Follow the manufacturer's instructions for proper maintenance procedures for the specific tools you are.

SAFETY GUARDS

The power tools you work with can contain reciprocating, rotating or other moving parts

Safety guards are used as a means of preventing your hand or other body parts from coming in contact
with these hazardous areas.

Where to use guards?

You sent

Guards must be used with any power tool designed to accommodate machine guards. Examples of
moving parts that must be guarded (if they are exposed to contact by

participants or could create a hazard) include: belts, fly wheels and chains

Section of hand tools

• Hand tools are selected depending on the nature of the job

• Never remove or bypass guards when using tools. They are there for your safety
TYPES OF GUARDING

Fixed guards- the most common because of their simplicity and effectiveness. They are generally
attached permanently to the equipment and can only be removed with substantial effort. Example: fan
guard of CPU.

Interlocked guards- designed to be removed or opened, allowing access to the hazard zone.

Adjustable guards- may be adjusted by hand, allowing a machine to operate while shielding the unused
portion of the hazardous machine part or the point of operation

• Self adjusting guards are used to push away from the point of operation when the material is fed into
machine

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

Commonly referred to as PPE, worn to lessen exposure to serious injuries.

These exposure may come from contact with chemical, physical, electrical, mechanical, or other hazards
present when using tools.

. It may include gloves, safety glasses and shoes, earplugs or muffs, hard hats respirators or coveralls,
vests, and full body suits.

HAND TOOLS SAFETY PRECAUTIONS

Manually operated tools which are commonly known as hand tools, are used by workers/technician in
many trades of work.

According to the statistics, the number of accidents involving the use of hand tools contributed to as
high as 10% of the total number of occupational calaminities

SOME SAFETY PREACAUTION IN USING HAND TOOLS

Maintenance of hand tools

• Must have a good system in place of examining the condition of hand tools to determine if they are of
good quality and free from defect.

In some cases, damaged parts cannot be repaired, the tool must be rejected and returned right away to
where you brought it.

Regular inspection of hand tools must be performed before use

Cleanliness of tools must be prioritized as well

⚫ You have to remember that the handle of the tool must fit the user's hand snugly to keep the tool
from slipping out the hand

⚫ Hand tools must be used according to their purpose

Storage of hand tools

• Hand tools must be stored safely in an orderly manner in a tool box when in not use

Hand tools that need repair must be property labeled with a warning notice Regular assessment, repair,
and maintenance of tools must be performed only by a competent and experienced person

• Safe operating procedures

Special measures must be implemented to prevent others from getting into the work area where tool
work is being done

Before the work starts, items to be worked must be double checked for protruding metal parts that may
cause damage to the tools and injury to the tool handler.

• Operation of hand tools must be done in the correct posture and with the appropriate length
You must follow the proper steps and procedures when operating a hand tool

Avoid playing with hand tools

MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

Measurement is the act of establishing physical quantities and making comparisons between them

⚫ Today, people use standard metric units of measurement such as centimeter and kilometers for
determining and defining measurements.

COMMON MEASURING INSTRUMENTS

STEEL RULE

• Precise and simple device that is used to measure and mark actual sizes in benchwork and in setting up
a machine. A steel rule should be kept clean and protected from damage

FOLDING RULE

• Sometimes called a "zigzag, it is made of light strips of wood held together by pins or nails so that it
can be folded

Since it is made of wood, it can be broken easily. Careful cleaning and lubrication of hingers should be
performed regularly

WEEK 3.

BASIC SYMBOLS

• Technical drawings are used in accurate visual depiction of ideas.

• These are particularly useful in designing and in information and communication industries

• These drawings are representational and provide ease in making concepts easy to understand
with the use of symbols that have meaning.
Flowchart
• Flowcharts are easy to understand diagrams that show the different steps in solving a specific
problem.

• You use flowchart to:

1. Define and analyze processes

2. Communicate to people involved in the process

3. Have a standard process

4. Troubleshoot problem

Flowchart symbols
• Elongated circle also called,terminator signifies the start or end of a process.

• Rectangle, also called process shows instructions or actions

• Diamond, also called decision gives a decision of “yes” or “no” / true or false

• The parallelogram features input and output which cover such things as materials, services and
even individuals going into or existing the process.

• The small circle, also called a connector, connects processes logically and correctly over
consecutive pages

• Arrow lines, also called flow lines, indicate the sequence of steps and the direction of flow.

How to create a flow chart

• Identify tasks. You must list all the tasks in a process in chronological order. Consider the
following questions as your guide
a. What happens next in the process?
b. Do you need to make a decision before the next step?
c. What approvals are required before you move on to the next task?
organize and document tasks begin with a rounded rectangle labeled START from there, go
through the sequences which must include every action and decision in the intended order. Use
arrows to connect them with one another and to indicate the direction of the process flow.
Decision should be directed by an arrow from the decision diamond to whatever possible
solutions are available. The arrow should also be labeled with the decision such as YES or a NO.
the termination of the process must be marked by a rounded rectangle labeled FINISH or END..
CHART
• A chart is a diagram that display the relationship of at least two variable.
• There are four common charts:
Histogram – is a graphical representation of the distribution of numerical data
bar chart – a graphical representation of grouped data
Pie chart – a graphical representation of quantifiable data represented by a sectioned circle
much like a pie that’s been cut with the slices varying in size
Block diagrams– is a specified type of flowchart. It presents an encompassing view of major
process strips. Including the relationship and interfaces. E.g. powersupply in all sections
Layout plans- A layout plan is a tool to arrange a workplace like in a plant, organization, or
computer laboratory in your school.
Loop Diagram- A loop diagram aids you in visualizing how items in a system are interrelated. It
consists of a setoff nodes that represents the item, and edges that each represents a
connection between two items. E.g. event loop diagram