LABORATORY MANAGEMENT

A.Y. 2022-2023-FINAL TERM

WEEK 14: CLINICAL LABORATORY INFORMATICS

I. BASIC INFORMATICS CONCEPTS AND TECHNOLOGY

A. Hardware and Software
B. Networks and Security
C. Databases

A. HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE

 Computer
 Hardware
 Central Processing Unit (CPU)
 Memory
-RAM
-ROM
 Storage
-High Density Diskdrive (HDD)
-RAID – redundant array of independent disk
-CD ROM
-Flash drive (USB drive)
-Cloud
 Software
 File
-Applications
-Data
 Operating system
-Hardware specific (Fortran, Basic)
-Hardware independent (Java)
 Drivers

B. NETWORKS AND SECURITY

 Network
 Client
-Thin
-Thick or Fat
 Server
 Mainframe and terminal – traditional client server
relationship
-Terminal emulators
 Ethernet
 local area network (LAN)
 wide area network (WAN)
 Bandwidth
 Internet
 Internet protocol (IP)
 World wide web (www)
 Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
 Intranet
 Security
 Encryption
 Virtual Private Network (VPN)

C. DATABASES
 database management system (DBMS)
 flat file
 Relational
-normalization
-SQL
*Structured Query Language- The SQL language join operator is
used to link subordinate tables to the primary table being queried
by matching all foreign key rows in thesubordinate table to the
primary key of the primary primary table.

1 Prepared by: Windy Tabangcura, RMT, Institute of Health Sciences and Nursing, Far Eastern University- Manila Page 1 of 2
POSITIVE PATIENT AND SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION AND Legal requirements of LIS
BARCODING  Center for Medicare/Medicaid Services (CMS)
 First step, laboratory-generated labels that also included  Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
the accession number and barcode format proved to be  Computer/Electronic Accommodations Program (CAP)
a useful innovation.  The Joint Commission (TJC)
 Standardization of specimen barcoded labels (CLSI)  American Association of Blood Banks (AABB)

Legal requirements involve:

 Unique specimen and patient identification
 Date of specimen collection
 Date and time of specimen receipt in the lab
 Records and dates of all specimen testing
 Personnel who performed the test(s)
 Name and address of the laboratory where the test was
performed

INFORMATION FLOW
 Patient registration/identification
 Test orders
LABORATORY INFORMATION SYSTEMS
 Sample collection and labeling
 LEGAL REQUIREMENTS
 Performing tests
 COMMUNICATION STANDARDS
 Releasing results
-Information System (IS)
 Reporting results
 Laboratory Information System (LIS)
 Clinical Information Systems (CIS)
BIOINFORMATICS
 Hospital Information System (HIS)
-How information is stored in biological systems
 Electronic Medical Record (EMR)
Focused on DNA, RNA, and protein sequences
-Middleware
-Interface engine
ISSUES REGARDING IMPLEMENTATION
-Dictionaries (maintenance table)
 Request for Proposal (RFP)
 Autoverification
 Application Service Provider (ASP)
 Allowable numeric result
 Service Level Agreement (SLA)
 Delta check
EDUCATION
 Enables pathologists to learn about clinical and anatomic
topics and gain credit from it.
 Educational resources
THE FUTURE OF INFORMATICS
 Microfluidic Instrumentation
 Computational Pathology
 Translational Bioinformatics

Please watch supplementary videos related to the topic:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Gjiht7feII
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CL-RrIF4okw

1 Prepared by: Windy Tabangcura, RMT, Institute of Health Sciences and Nursing, Far Eastern University- Manila Page 2 of 2