NEET 2024 Qi Q2. a4. Q6. Breathing And Exchange of Gases Q3. Qs. PNS - 04 Resear 3 This process of exchange of ...A.... from the atmosphere with .......A...... produced by the cells is called ......C.s.e (a) A- CO, , B- 0) , C- Breathing (b) A- 02, B- C02, C- Breathing (c) A- 02, B- CO, C- Respiration (d) A- 02, B- CO, C-Breathing Lower invertebrates like sponges, coelenterates, flatworms, etc., exchange O2 with CO2 by Av. over their entire body surface. Earthworms use their .......B....... and insects have a network of .......C.......t0 transport atmospheric air within the body. (a) A- Active transport, B- Moist cuticle, C- Tubes (b) A- Simple diffusion, B- Gills, C- Tracheal tubes (c) A- Lungs, B- Moist cuticle, C- Tubes (d) A- Simple diffusion, B- Moist cuticle, C- Tracheal tubes Among vertebrates, fishes uses .....A..... whereas reptiles, birds and mammals respire through ......B....... amphibians like frogs can also respire through their .......C. (a) A- Fins, B-Lungs, C- moist skin (b) A- Fins, B- Gills, C- moist skin (c) A Gills, B- fins, C- Tubes (d) A- Gills, B- Lungs, C- moist skin ‘The nasal chamber opens into the .....A....., a portion of which is the common passage for food and air, It opens through the ......B...... region into the trachea. It is a cartilaginous box which helps in sound production and hence called the.....C.... (a) A- Larynx, B-Pharynx, C- Sound box (b) A- Pharynx, B- Larynx, C- Sound meter () A- Pharynx, B- Larynx, C- Sound box (d) A- Larynx, B-Pharynx, C- Sound meter Trachea is a straight tube extending up to the mid-thoracic cavity, which divides at the level of ...A.... thoracic vertebra into a right and left primary bronchi. Each bronchi undergoes repeated divisions to form the .....B..... and .....C..... bronchi and ....D.... ending up in very thin terminal bronchioles. (a) A-6%, B- Secondary, C- Tertiary, D- bronchioles (b) A- 5®, B- Primary, C- Secondary, D- Tertiary (c) A- 5, B- Secondary, C- Tertiary, D- bronchioles (d) A- 6®, B- Primary, C- Secondary, D- Tertiary Each terminal bronchiole gives rise to a number of ....A. vascularised bag-like structures called .....C.....- (a) A- Thin, B- regular, C- alveoli (b) A- Thin, B- irregular, C- alveoli (c) A- Thick, B- regular, C- bronchioles (d) A- Thin, B-regular, C- brochi fey se B.....-Walled and #SankalpSelectionKaNEET 2024 Breathing And Exchange of Gases Q. Qs. Qo. Qil Q10. Q12. PNS-—04 We have .....A.....lungs which are covered by a double layered ......B...., with .......C. between them. (a) A- Two pairs, B- pleura, C- pleural fluid (b) A- One pair, B- pleural fluid, C- pleura (c) A- Two, B- Pleura, C- pleural fluid (a) A- One, B-pleura, C- pleural fluid The part starting with the external nostrils up to the terminal bronchioles constitute the ......A....... Whereas the alveoli and their ducts form the a Of the «4... (a) A- conducting part, B- exchange part, C- respiratory system (b) A- exchange part, B- conducting part, C- respiratory system (0) A- Alveoli, B- exchange part, C- breathing (d) A- Breathing, B- exchange part, C- respiratory system The lungs are situated in the thoracic chamber which is anatomically an air-tight chamber. The thoracic chamber is formed .....A...... by the vertebral column, ......B......-by the sternum, ....C... by the ribs and on the ......D...... by the dome-shaped .. (a) A-Dorsally, B- Ventrally, C- Laterally, D- Upper side, E- diaphragm (b) A-Dorsally, B- Laterally, C- Ventrally, D- Upper side, E- diaphragm (c) A- Ventrally, B- Dorsally, C- Laterally, D- Lower side, E- diaphragm (a) A-Dorsally, B- Ventrally, C- Laterally, D- Lower side, E- diaphragm During .....A...... atmospheric air is drawn in and in.....B...... the alveolar air is released out. the movement of air into and out of the lungs is carried out by creating a .....C....... between the .....D..... and the .....E. (a) A-inspiration, B- expiration, C- pressure gradient, D- lungs, E- tissue (b) A-inspiration, B- expiration, C- pressure gradient, D- lungs, E- atmosphere (c) A- expiration, B- inspiration, C- pressure gradient, D- lungs, E- tissue (d) A- expiration, B- inspiration, C- pressure gradient, D- lungs, E- atmosphere Inspiration can occur if the pressure within the lungs is ....A..... than the atmospheric pressure, ie., there is a ...B.... pressure in the lungs with respect to atmospheric pressure. Similarly, expiration takes place when the intra-pulmonary pressure is ...C.... than the atmospheric pressure. (a) A- less, B- negative, C- lower (b) A- less, B- positive, C- higher (c) A- high, B- negative, C- lower (d) A-less, B-negative, C- higher The .....A....... of external inter-costal muscles lifts up the ribs and the sternum causing an increase in the volume of the thoracic chamber in the .....B......axis. The overall increase in the thoracic volume causes a similar increase in pulmonary volume. An increase in pulmonary volume .....C...... the intra-pulmonary pressure to .....D...... than the atmospheric pressure which forces the air from outside to move into the hungs. (a) A- contraction, B- anterio - posterior, C- decreases, D- less (b) A- relaxation, B- dorso- ventral, C- decreases, D- more () A- contraction, B- dorso-ventral, C- decreases, D- less (d) A- contraction, B- dorso-ventral, C- decreases, D- more #SankalpSelectionKaNEET 2024 Breathing And Exchange of Gases Qis. Qi3. Qi4. Q16. iz. is. PNS-—04 A... of the diaphragm and the inter-costal muscles returns the diaphragm and sternum to their normal positions and .....B....the thoracic volume and thereby the ....C... This leads to an ...D... in intra-pulmonary pressure to slightly above the atmospheric pressure causing the expulsion of air from the ...E... (a) A-relaxation, B- reduce, C- Pulmonary volume, D- increase, E- Lungs (b) A-contraction, B- reduce, C- Pulmonary volume, D-increase, E- Lungs (c) A- relaxation, B- reduce, C- Pulmonary volume, D-decrease, E- Lungs (d) A-contraction, B- increases, C- Pulmonary volume, D-increase, E- Tissue Volume of air inspired or expired during a normal respiration is called .....A......, its value is ....B......., additional volume of air, a person can inspire by a forcible inspiration is Known as .....C... (a) A- TV, B- 500 ml, C- ERV (b) A- TV, B- 1200 ml, C- ERV () A- TV, B- 500 ml, C- IRV (d) A-ERV, B-2500, C- TV Average .....A.....ml to ......B,...1ml of air remain in lungs after a forceful respiration, total volume of air a person can inspire after a normal expiration is equal to ....C. (a) A- 1100, B- 1200, C- TV + ERV (b) A- 1100, B- 1200 ml, C- TV + IRV (c) A- 2500, B- 3000 ml, C- TV + IRV (a) A- 2500, B- 3000 ml, C- TV + ERV Exchange of gases mainly occurs by ...A....and_ mainly based on... the gases as well as the .....C...... of membrane. (a) A-Simple diffusion, B- pressure gradient, C- Thickness (b) A- active transport, B- pressure gradient, C- Thickness (c) A- Simple diffusion, B- temperature, C- pressure gradient (d) A- Active transport, B- temperature, C- pressure gradient . solubility of The diffusion membrane is made up of ....A.... major layers namely, the thin squamous epithelium of ....B....., the endothelium of .....C...... and the basement substance in between them. . However, its total thickness is much less than a.....D. (a) A-three, B- alveoli, C- alveolar capillaries, D- millimeter (b) A-three, B- alveolar capillaries, C- alveoli, D- millimeter (c) A-two, B- alveolar capillaries, C- alveoli, D- millimeter (d) A-two, B- alveoli, C- alveolar capillaries, D- millimeter About ....A.....of 02 is transported by RBCs in the blood. The remaining ....B..... per cent of 0; is carried in a dissolved state through the plasma. Nearly .....C.... of CO is transported by RBCs whereas ....D...... per cent of it is carried as bicarbonate. (a) A-97 per cent, B- 3 per cent, C- 20-25 per cent, D-70 per cent (b) A-3 per cent, B- 97 per cent, C- 20-25 per cent, D-70 per cent (c) A-3 per cent, B- 97 per cent, C-70 per cent, D-20-25 per cent (d) A-97 per cent, B- 3 per cent, C-70 per cent, D-20-25 per cent #SankalpSelectionKaNEET 2024 Breathing And Exchange of Gases Qi9. Q20. gai. Q22. 23. Q24. PNS-—04 Haemoglobin is a ...A.... coloured iron containing pigment present in the RBCs. 0; can bind with haemoglobin in a ....B.... manner to form ....C....... Each haemoglobin molecule can carry a maximum of ....D.... molecules of 02 . (a) A-red, B- irreversible, C- oxyhaemoglobin, D- four (b) A- red, B-reversible, C- oxyhaemoglobin, D- two (c) A- red, B- reversible, C- oxyhaemoglobin, D- four (d) A- red, B- irreversible, C- oxyhaemoglobin, D- two In the alveoli, pO is ....A....., pCOz iS ....B...., ...C..... H+ concentration and .....D..... temperature, the factors are all favourable for the formation of oxyhaemoglobin. (a) A-high, B-high, C-higher, D- higher (b) A- low, B-low, C-lower, D- lower (c) A- low, B- high, C- lesser, D- lower (@) A- high, B- low, C- lesser, D- lower Every ...A....of oxygenated blood can deliver around ....B... of 0 to the tissues under normal physiological conditions. . Every ...C.... of deoxygenated blood delivers approximately ...D...of CO2 to the alveoli (a) A-100 ml, B-4 ml, C-100 ml, D- 5 ml (b) A-200 ml, B- 5 ml, C-200 ml, D- 4 ml () A- 100 ml, B- 5 ml, C- 100 ml, D- 4 ml (d) A- 5 ml, B- 100 ml, C- 4 ml, D- 100 ml At the ....A... site where partial pressure of C0, is ....B.... due to catabolism, CO, diffuses into blood and forms HCO; and H*. At the site where pCQ, is - the reaction proceeds in the opposite direction leading to the formation of ....E.... and H,0 (a) A-tissue, B- Low, C-alveolar, D- low, E- COz (b) A-alveoli, B- high, C- tissue, D-high, E-CO2 (0) A- tissue, B- low, C- alveoli, D-high, E-O2 (d) A-tissue, B- high, C-alveolar, D- low , E- CO2 Human beings have a significant ability to maintain and moderate the respiratory rhythm to suit the demands of the body tissues. This is done by the neural system. A specialised centre present in the .....A..... region of the brain called ......B....... is primarily responsible for this regulation. (a) A-Pons, B- respiratory rhythm centre (b) A-Medulla, B- respiratory rhythm centre {c) A- Pons, B- Pneumotaxic centre (d) A- Medulla, B- Pneumotaxic centre Centre present in the region of the brain called .....B...... can moderate the functions of the respiratory rhythm centre. Neural signal from this centre can ......C....- the duration of inspiration and thereby alter the respiratory rate. A chemosensitive area is situated adjacent to the rhythm centre which is highly sensitive to .....D..... and hydrogen ions. (a) A-Pons, B-pneumotaxic centre, C-reduce, D-CO2 (b) A-Medulla, B-pneumotaxic centre, C-reduce, D-CO2 (c) A- Pons, B- pneumotaxic centre, C- increase, D-CO2 #SankalpSelectionKaNeutron NEET 2024 Breathing And Exchange of Gases 25. PNS-—04 (d) A-Pons, B-rhythmic centre, C-reduce, D-CO2 A....is a difficulty in breathing causing wheezing due to inflammation of bronchi and bronchioles. ......B. is a chronic disorder in which alveolar walls are damaged due to which respiratory surface is ......C....... One of the major causes of this is cigarette smoking. (a) A-Asthma, B- Emphysema, C - increased (b) A-Asthma, B- Emphysema, C- decreased (c) A- Emphysema, B- Asthma, C- decreased (d) A- Emphysema, B- Asthma, C- increased #SankalpSelectionKaBreathing And Exchange of Gases PNS-—04 $1. Ans. (b) $2. Ans. (d) $3.Ans. (d) $4.Ans. (c) $5. Ans. (¢) $.6.Ans. (b) $7. Ans. (¢) $8. Ans. (a) $9.Ans. (d) $10. Ans. (b) $11.Ans. (d) $12. Ans. (c) $13. Ans. (a) $14. Ans. (c) $15. Ans. (b) $16. Ans. (a) $.17.Ans. (a) $18. Ans. (a) $19. Ans. (c) $20. Ans. (d) $21.Ans. (c) $22. Ans. (d) $23. Ans. (b) $24. Ans. (a) #SankalpSelectionKaNeutron NEET Breathing And Exchange of Gases PNS — 04 $25. Ans. 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