i Past perfect continuous ANAS MORKSHOPS , 1/You/He/She/it/We/You/ 1/You/ He/She /It/We/You/ Had |/you/ he/she /it/ we / they had been working. they hadn't been working. you / they been working? Yes, I you / he / she / it / we / you / they had. No, 1/ you / he / she / it/ we / you / they hadn't. * For fully negative sentences we normally use Past perfect simple (compare with the rules of present perfect simple - Duration form, Unit 5) USAGE AND EXAMPLES + The Past perfect continuous is the past of have been +ING form (see Unit 5) and it expresses the duration of an action in the past. + Itmay also indicate that a past action was carried out intensively or vigorously. + Aswith the other progressive tenses, the Past perfect continuous is not used with state verbs (opinion, preference, possession, etc) She has been working here for three months. She had been working for three months when (focus on action in progress now) ‘she won the lottery. (action in progress at a I'm exhausted. I've been working hard. given moment in the past) (the visible sign of exhaustion the present) 1 was exhausted. I'd been working hard. (the impact of the intense action was on a particular past situation) Compare the Past perfect continuous with the other past tenses: Past perfect had been studying in Rome for three years when | met him. (focus on duration) continuous Iwas tired because | had been studying. (focus on intensive past action) Past simple | studied in Rome for 3 years. focus on past event as a finished action) Past continuous —_/ was studying in Rome when | met Edward. (focus on the past action in progress) Past perfect 1 could speak ttalian because | had studied in Rome.(focus on an action that simple happened before another past action) 1 Match the two parts of the sentence and build the second part using the Past perfect continuous + since or for when necessary. 0 GZ) Iwas exhausted because | had been walking all day, a he / feel sleepy / the morning. 1 C Susie won the lottery after b she / work on radioactivity / years. 2 © Allthe roofs where white: ¢ I/ drive / three hours. 3 O Myeyes were red and swollen because V1 walk / all day. 4 (1) When Marie Curie discovered radium @ it snow / all night. 5 C When | stopped f she / buy tickets / 25 years. 6 (1 He went straight to bed because g ley a isNA’S WORKSHOPS ; LAMAN BSAA OCS 2. Fillin the blanks with the verbs from the box in the correct tense choosing between Past perfect simple, Past perfect continuous, Past simple and Past continuous. be(x2) break bring finish go have (x2) run begin wait work 1 Jane a headache because she 5 | was out of breath because | ‘on her computer all day. 6 By the time we arrived, the film 21 that car for 15 years before it already : down. 7 Although | alot of clothes 3 How long you had to buy a coat because it when the bus arrived? freezing cold. 4) When | met George | divorced 8 We out after we for 3 years. our homework. 3 GE¥ choose A, B, C or D to complete the sentences. Dear Emma, Last night the Muse concert in Milan 0 A great, but I'm really furious with Jack. I (1) to meet him at the station carly yesterday morning because we (2) __ to travel four hours to get to Milan. 1) to get tickets for thar gig for months, and T didn't want to miss it. By the time T finally (4) __ to leave without him I (5) him over fifteen messages and I (6) __ for almost two hours. Besides, I (7) ___to meet my cousin from Milan in front of the stadium where the concert was held. When I (8) __ to the theatre, my cousin (9) already __up the tickets and he (10) __ for us near the entrance. He was cross because he (11) __for more than an hour. You know I love Jack and he’s like a brother to me, but this time I’m really angry. He (12) __ me all day but T don't wane to speak to him for the time being. 0 A was B had been C has been D was being 1 A arranged B had arranged C was arranging D had been arranging 2 A needed B had needed C had been needing —_D were needing 3 A tried B was trying C had been trying D have tried 4 A decided B had been deciding C had decided D was deciding 5A texted B had texted C had been texting —-D_-was texting 6 A was waiting B waited C have waited D had been waiting 7A was having B had € had had D have had 8 A had got B had been getting was getting D got 9 A had been picking B had picked € has picked D was picking 10 A was waiting B had waited C has waited D waited 11 A waited B has waited C has been waiting had been waiting 12 A called B was calling € has been calling D is calling 4 € VListen to the account of Robert Falcon Scott's two expeditions to Antarctica and say if these statements are True (T) or False (F). Correct the false ones. 1 Robert Scott was the first Antarctic explorer to reach the South Pole. On the first expedition Scott and his crew had been travelling on a dog sled, when they had to give up because they were ill. (On his second expedition Scott travelled by ship and by dog sled. When Scott arrived at the South Pole on January 18, he found Amundsen was there, too. By February 17 several men had already died. When Scott and the remaining crew set their last camp before dying, they had been travelling for 2 months. anew O oo00 O- 3sO OOF O7 snonupuoo apadised £ LINN