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Toán Cao Cấp
Toán Cao Cấp
?em
I. Khai ni.im
'
got
' -
ra .
ti m dorig } ma train m ✗n
'
ti
n
coff
Ry hi.eu 1 2 n
M am Amn m ✗ n
I
ais f- R
Ky hie.in
'
B 2-
train A C
-
ma , -
, .
. .
Ex : A = ( ais ) mxn
( I 3
A 2
)
=
4 5 6
loi
'
Ma 2×3
cap
'
train co
'
train ruing
'
Ex
cop
Matrimony
: 3×3 → ma 3
L
A = 3 2
" " a
}
-
3 0
am : I
↳ : 9
as z
↳ :O
azz
vi.
-
= =
Ma d-oi wia A la C
'
train A
-
-
ai 1min
-
Ma train
casi la if la 12
[
3
qt
'
? '
0 A
-
]
mx n =
8 = to ]m×n 456
Ex :
At "
]
-
2 5
3 6
]
A I 2 3
[
- -
- - -
4 -
5 -
6
Matron to ]a+s
O O O
O O O
Ma tr.im doing =L
-
< on .
Ma train c.it ( n
-
-
I.
'
as i . . .
-91N )
Nta train term himation wing cat
ytu naris
giaé vémctphiaceiq
'
co
d-le chinh
1 2 }
0 2 1
M ma trap fam
gide treñ
o o o
o o
'
A
Him trees
%
] T dan
Ma
[
ca
0 ehioi
q
i
0 o
?⃝
-
phaii
'
ais =
0 neii i =/ j
F- I [I ]
[
F- 0
I
]
2
o 1
o o
µ
F- 3
^
0 1 O
O o l
A : Tais ] mxn
B = Ibis ] man
to 'an
They taii
'
A bit ]
Fong ma from
-
t B = t mxr →
✗A = aiidmxn →
* ME so
"
tinh droit :
A, B ta 3 train bait kg
-
'
C
'
,
ma on ✗ n
p ta
'
✗ 'c so
bkj
'
to ,
ca
At B : BTA
1. A = A
✗ ( A 1- B) = ✗ At ✗ B
'
cat
PIA : ✗ At
PA
F- ✗ .
3 0
]
12 11
] [
A B
[
=
;
4 5 6
-
1- 0 1
]
A HB C 3 4 3
[
:
2 5 8
Tinh At 2Ez
[ to ☒
F- 2
Aieii hi.in :
Amxn voi Bn
xp
la mid
'
ma train C: (
ciilmxp
'
khicto AB C
trong to
'
=
,
Ms :
A = [ 1 2 331×3
I :]
"
1 3×1
B. A 3 6 9
[ )
:
2 4 •
I 2 3 ,× ,
VD, :
A 1
:[ ; ;] :[ to ]z✗
is °
I - I
,
2×2
AB 1 2 -1
[ ]
:
3 4 -
it
2×3
B. A = ? ?
Tinh chat
*
aiaphqinhañ
-
(AB ) C =
A /BC )
- ACB 1- c) = AB TAC
-
✗ ( AB ) = It A) 13 = A- ( ✗ B)
AE A F- B B
-
= . =
T
-
CA B) = BT .
At
( hei cha"c
'
A thi chia
-
: D= A :-O ; B :-O
y .
B. A =/ A. B
*
huj Huia ma
train
A° = F-
t
Am
-
Am = .
A
[ to I ]
A- ' e
[ ]
=
o e
:[
em :A 1
]
n
0 I
fn
-1
-
→ A = A
A'
]
-2 → 2
[
n I
-
0 1
- - -
Ah Ah
-1
n =
h → =
.
A
To ! ]
1- 1)
"
Ah
[!
' "
-
Gia su :
BTVN : A-
=/ ab
ed )
?⃝
Phép biến đổi sơ cấp trên ma trận
Dinh nghia :
bien Ioi
'
doing
'
vie
'
Loi co
y
"
-1 , Aoi Cho 2
doing ho.ie 2 Iot
Rhein (g)
'
d voi
'
t) 1 1 sé =/ 0
'
t) kit h.is/caiphey'todn .
1 2 0
]
-
A
:( -
-2 0
9 a
[
1 o
]
2
A-dst.dz , -
I 9 1
0 -
18 1
✗ b
-
nhoinhtr Định thức.
-
1 23
]
-
A
Lu
=
56
7- 89
→ Mn 5 6
[ ]
- e- =
g g
Binh 1A /
t of ma train : def (A) hay
-
'
-
Dinh t
eaji 1 : A -
-
tain ]
def (A) = an
"
2 : thi
[ A-
A
-
]
=
am an
21 a 22
def (A)
( an air
/ an 1 .az 912
•
= =
az I
-
921 922
A : 1--33 111-1=-3
B
} ]
IN
:/ I 2,1
^
:[
→
}
= -2
[ a.) ÷
11 912 912 912
931 932 a
}} . 9g 2
vi. du :
.
a. A :[ -2 ] → 1 Al : -2
b. B 1 2
:[ 10 -1 ]
]
c-
-
1 2 1
I
e. -
-
I 3 -
0 2 0
* , Neii A
]
am a
-
:[
-
?
-
i.
-
no, }
-
.
a
-
an 1
-
nn
theo hjthiii
'
it "
IAI =
£; = I C- 1) aij / Mii /
"
it "
IAI =
E? : I C- 1) ai ; / Mi ; /
'
la
Voi tr.im Mii
mtrcon.ca/iin-1bi-di--
'
ma
-
-1
]
2
-11
A
:[ 2 G
2
-
0
i = 2 2
IAI
& c-
15+1.1-11/2 I
/
-
5=-1
o -
I = ° '
+ I -1121-2 .
2 .
11:11 /
"}
( -11 0
+ .
-
11%1
J =3 htr theo ce.it
'
, }
r
n 2 1
1- :
-
" s
8 .
11+1 : t÷ .
I -11 .
I I 2,1
-
= 4
{\
" '
+ o t C- 11 I 1)
/!
-
,
"
0
- 4 =
*
,
Tinh choi't cia d-i. nh thuic
'
1 :
-
ma
train n
Neii visit
a. t 1
doing of mtr A
dj i → IAI = const
b. Nai choi 2
dg
'
mtr A
'
Dinh ly
'
-
2 :
1 At 1 = LAI
-
Dinh hj 3 !
I A. 131 = 1 ABI
VD : A2 : E thi IAI = ± 1
lj thing ! IÉI =
1
Khai tien
'
Ta / El = 1- 1- 0 .
- - -
= 1 .
|
2021 O O O
2020 oil 3C 1
go , , ,
, ,
1
2018 9 2
'
-
Khai trién CT theo harig 1 .
I Al =
2021 .
2×2 -
x )
= 0
-
v2 1- 3)C -
2 =
0
: 1
foe = 2
?⃝
Ma trận nghịch đảo
[
Ma tr.in A
'
In
-
✓a
ann
]
Neii
'
cho BA
co ma train nioing B Sao AB = : In
Ala mtrhhcinghi.ch
'
f
→
Bla '
mtr eta:
VDI :
"
mtrhha
A
:[ } q ] ti
nghi.ch
'
:[ to 9 ]
voi A
,,
t o
:[
B
o 112
]
B. A
[ to ]
A. B = = 0
,
VD , :
[ ! 8)
A
:[ ]
e- -
a b
c d
[ ]
a t b 0
V-aibic.de R
& Ez -
et d O
loi hha
a-
nghi.ch
'
c
"
nhhj Nai hha
Aki
nghi.ch la !
'
D- i. 1 : mtr A
'
[ A)hha
nghi.ch
'
i. nhhj 2 : a
[
-
-
-
-
¥,
-1 -
A- i
i
, i
-
Aan Ann
voi it "
- - - -
Ais = C- 1) I Mijl
.
A- ma train phu.tn?op
Am Ant
]
-
. -
A- iz - -
-
Ana
-
e -
VDI : En = I 1 ] .
C = Tsc ] . se =
-
1 .
A =
f- 1- ] .
↳2 :
t! ! ]
B- -
:-[
+
B- 0 -2
]
=
1 I
TQ bai
]
:
:|
b12
-
B
bat bar
t
]
B- bn
[
=
bar -
bz bet
-
VD 31
-1%-1%1*4
*
'
;]
"
:
[
A-
-
-
7 -
2
- 15
-
4-
ly ki nghi.ch doing
'
Binh mtrhha
' '
}:
-1
A, B
cap n
- t m
t ) CAM ) = (A- 1)
-
t 1 -1
f) (AB ) : B- . A
ly Neii Abha nghi.ch tnicaéyt
'
Dinh
'
9 :
'
AX =
A
C
e
thi ed
nghi.im ! tuning ing la
✗ .
=
1
✗ = A- .
C
- I
✗ = C .
A
↳1
'
voi
f?
AX B A voi B-
} ] [ I]
=
= -
, ,, ,
✗ = A- .
B
'
voi A- =
Is -1^-1 I ]
✗ =
f- '
II ] .
v02 :
A-
t! ;] :-[ ;]
-
'
→ A- =
, ,
c- -
[÷ ; ]÷ .
1- ÷ ;]
VD :
AI 's ;]
Be : Viii [ AIE ]
i: : : :]
Ba : [A /E ] → [ EIB ] → B
^ 10
/ )
'
d→[ 0 -2 . - -
[ 1 : :]
A-
.
2 1 -1
[ It
:÷l : : :]
.
i.
1/1
00
12
[ ]
-
II. -
1- 2 0 0 10
0 5 I 0 2 1
-
'
is : chi
'
son coicc.it
'
'c
doing
'
Dinh nghiaha.mg
-
'
cap being
'
b E Icon I cap
.
Trong A 1- r =/ 0
rank (A) hay rat )
O l r IA ) e- min 1min )
-
Tinh that
1 ,
He
.mg
via mtr e- d-of
qua y
'
betsd coip
2> rank rank ( At )
(A) =
3 ,
Neil Aloi mtrbo.ie thang theo han-gfhiiha.mg of Aloisi
A
haring -10 of
mtrb.ae/hangtheokg-rDi.nhhj:trongmatr.imAneiim.oi
Tim hang
'
=) = bctvé
"
'
Icon In aia A
barig 0 the
it d- them
cap 7h d-eii = 0 .
voice to )
Quy : 0
-
r =
kii-lui.in
I
'
khi
go.is mtr
irving cap n
Tinh 1171=10 → MA ) : n
A) Bmxn
r 1 At B) I r (A) tr (B)
F- A • B
↳ ( AB ) 1- rllt )
(
r
r 11+137 fr 1131
r ( AB ) f min trial ; rust )
#• a.:
ha!?
""
,
.
VD :
3
(
1 2
A =
O
O
O
1 2)
O
( 3)
B. =
t 2
01 →
0 r (B) =3
0 90
Bubi 1 : "
su
doing BASC → mtrbe.io Aang
Babic haring
'
2 : rat ) = so =/ 0
CHƯƠNG 2: KHÔNG GIAN VECTOR
Khai
'
Hyde theo
'
n sé sx 1 t.tv?niHnh → vector n
too E -
se = C- sci ;
-
sci, - - -
; -
xn ) : sctl so-
Mo
'
Vi du
.
I i.
Haig chasing Minh £
gian Dn Kim:ot thing gian vector trén
tnioing R .
An =
{ x = Coca sxz - - .
xn
) / x c- RI
f. U =
( Ocr , Xz - - -
, ocn )
( ya
a =
,
ya -
-
-
,
yn )
at u = Coca 1-
ya , ocz ty , ; - - -
-
; xn tyn )
(
2. ut v = uty
3.
?⃝
a.
Mst ?/
%gmy V10
Choi ' '
1, 4. 5,6
y .
"
1.
pits
= ao fait t - -
.
1- ant
"
botbett tbnt
qlt) =
-
- -
plt ) aotbotaitb.lt
tqlt ) =
1- . -
-
t th / an 1- bn )
2 . c- 12 = 01-0 .tt -
. .
to .tn C- %
An 1- Pit ) : Pit )
3. pn C- Pin 7 ! 4
pi = ao
- -
. -
- - - -
^
Gin 2 :
' '
Sai d 1-d- I 1- d- 6
-
va
1 : Me : [ ai ;] mxn , aij ER .
Mz = 2- bij ) mxn ,
bij ER
Mi 1- Mz = [ aiitbii ] c- Matmxn (R ) .
2 : ⑦ = TO ]m×_n
Met ① = Ma
WCE
aia I
-
?⃝
?⃝
'
KGVTR phai
' '
1 .
co CR e ?
Remind :
i Ñ =
Her .sc , . .
-
xn ) Xi ER }
Khong
-
2 .
Taco
'
:
H://a.biolla.to c- At
HE 123=10
Can )
-
u =
,
bn ,
0
v
-
- Caz , bi , 01
utv : lartaz ,
be tb , ,
0) c- H
t ✗ c- RI
Xu = ( ha , Abi , 0) c- It
,
'
-0
'
Co 10,0 ODER
-
- >
lqi
'
co 10>0,01 E- H .
how {
B -3 :(
}
'
phat
[gob ]
?
=
A- =
i. a. b c- ☒ .
Woo Matz IRI hays
( 4,5 5) → As 2
|
, =
, = →
'
1
43=10 tinh
quan .
- -
zccdtboittllcv
→
occñngctcbdv .
SC =
(Xa , ocz > - -
-
-
In )
=
sea .
eat xz.la/---.txn.en
c- E
→ xluoñ
in
,
y
-11,2 ; -1 ) ; 12 ; 1 ; -3 )
W : { we uz =
us =L } ;
3 ; -
y ) )
true 1- true 1- Ksu
,
= 10,0:o)
ke &
, ka , ly wing :O
→ phu .
c- .
?⃝