TEOREMA MILITAR
LISTA 6 - DEMONSTRATIVOS
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:
Leia o texto para responder à(s) questão(ões).
The Mona Lisa was recently moved from her usual
gallery in the Salle des États, currently being
renovated, to a temporary home in the Galérie Médicis.
Visitors to the Louvre who have queued patiently for
hours are complaining that museum staff are allowing
them less than a minute to view the masterpice. The
relocation has created bottlenecks of visitors lining
corridors and the Louvre is now advising that only
those who have pre-booked will be guaranteed a
glimpse of the world’s most famous portrait.
(David Chazan. www.telegraph.co.uk, 13.08.2019.
Adaptado.)
1. In the excerpt “only those who have pre-booked
will be guaranteed a glimpse of the world’s most
famous portrait”, the underlined word refers to
a) hours.
b) bottlenecks.
c) corridors.
d) staff.
e) visitors.
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:
Leia o texto para responder à(s) questão(ões).
There is nothing conventional about 17-year-
old Michael Fuller’s relationship with music. As
someone with high-functioning autism who sees the
world through sound, creating melodies from the bustle
of the high street or trains on the tracks feels more
natural than any social interaction. This hardwired
connection to sound has been with him for as long as
he can remember.
By the age of 11, Michael could play Mozart by
ear, having taught himself to play the piano through a
mobile phone app. The app highlighted notes on a
keyboard as classical music played. He describes his
unusual musical talent as “downloading” music into his
head. His mother, Nadine, remembers that as a child
Michael would “suddenly pop up and say: ‘I’ve got a
symphony’”. Michael took to the piano and found he
could quickly perform complex pieces from memory.
“I liked what I was hearing, sought more music
and began studying through Google and YouTube,” he
remembers. “It was very organic. I would listen in great
depth and the music would be implanted in my mind. I
could then just play it on the piano – all without being
taught.”
Growing up in a family that listened to reggae
over classical music, Michael feels “very much aware”
of how different his approach is to music – symbolised
by the way he taught himself piano as a child. This, his
mother says, came as a “surprise to the family and
myself – I’d never listened to classical music in my
life”.
It was not long after learning to play the piano
that Michael started composing his own works.
Describing this process as “making music with my
mind”, Michael says composing classical symphonies
“helps me to express myself through music – it makes
me calm”. Michael wants to nurture his song writing to
achieve his ambition of becoming a modern
mainstream classical artist. He wants to control the
creative process, unlike typical modern-day
composers, who he says “write blobs on a page, hand
it over to the musicians – then say bye-bye and stay in
the background and get no recognition”. Instead,
Michael is determined to take centre stage.
(Alex Taylor. www.bbc.com, 27.03.2018. Adaptado.)
2. No trecho do quarto parágrafo “This, his mother
says”, o termo sublinhado refere-se ao fato de Michael
a) ter se tornado um grande pianista ainda criança.
b) pertencer a uma comunidade que só ouvia reggae.
c) ter se apaixonado pela música clássica.
d) ser um símbolo de superação por meio da música.
e) vir de uma família que não conhecia os
compositores clássicos.
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:
Leia o texto para responder à(s) questão(ões).
Mobile milestones: how your phone became an
essential part of your life
Has any device changed our lives as much,
and as quickly, as the mobile phone? There are people
today for whom the world of address books, street
atlases and phone boxes seems very far away, lost in
the mists of time. Following, there are just some of the
big milestones from the past 30 years that have made
almost everything we do easier, more public and very,
very fast.
- The first phones arrive – and become status symbols
Few people got the chance to use the very
early mobile phones. The first call was made in New
York in 1973, but handsets with a network to use were
not available until 1983 in the US, and 1985 in the UK.
That first British mobile phone was essentially a heavy
briefcase with a receiver attached by a wire. It cost
£ 2,000 (£ 5,000 in today’s prices), and gave you half

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an hour’s chat on an overnight charge. Making a call d) camera phones.

was not something you could do subtly, but that wasn’t e) resolutions of about 0.3 megapixels.
the point; the first handsets were there to be seen.
They sent a message that you were bold and confident TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:
with new technology, that you were busy and important
enough to need a mobile phone, and were rich enough Leia o texto para responder à(s) questão(ões) a seguir.
to buy one.
When it comes to politics and ‘fake news,’ facts
- Text messages spawn a whole new language aren’t enough
The first mobiles worked with analogue signals
and could only make phone calls, but the digital ones
that followed in the early 1990s could send SMS
messages as well. After the first message was sent on
3 December 1992, texting took off like a rocket, even
though it was still a pretty cumbersome procedure.
Handsets with predictive text would make things
easier, but in the 1990s you could save a lot of time by
removing all excess letters from a message, often the
vowels, and so txtspk ws brn. Today the average
mobile phone sends more than 100 texts per month.

- Phones turn us all into photographers...

There seemed to be no good reason for the
first camera phones, which began to appear in 2002,
with resolutions of about 0.3 megapixels. They took
grainy, blurry pictures on postage stamp-sized screens, In today’s political climate, it sometimes feels
and even these filled the phone’s memory in no time. like we can’t even agree on basic facts. We bombard
Gradually, though, as the quality improved, the uses each other with statistics and figures, hoping that more
followed. As well as the usual photos of friends and data will make a difference. A progressive person
family, they were handy for “saving” pieces of paper, might show you the same climate change graphs over
and in pubs you could take a picture of the specials and over while a conservative person might point to
board and take it back to your table. Modern camera the trillions of dollars of growing national debt. We’re
phones have changed beyond recognition in the past left wondering, “Why can’t they just see? It’s so
20 years. The new mobile phones boast the highest obvious!”
resolution dual camera on a smartphone: a 16- Certain myths are so pervasive that no matter
megapixel camera and a 20-megapixel camera side- how many experts disprove them, they only seem to
by-side. The dual camera allows users to focus on their grow in popularity. There’s no shortage of serious
subjects, while blurring out the background, producing studies showing no link between autism and vaccines,
professional-looking portraits. for example, but these are no match for an emotional
appeal to parents worried for their young children. Tali
- …and we turn ourselves into celebrities Sharot, a cognitive neuroscientist at University College
Twenty years ago people would have thought London, studies how our minds work and how we
you a little strange if you took flattering photos of process new information. In her upcoming book, The
yourself and your lifestyle and then distributed them to Influential Mind, she explores why we ignore facts and
your friends – let alone to members of the public. If you how we can get people to actually listen to the truth.
used printed photographs rather than a smartphone Tali shows that we’re open to new information
app, they would still think so today. Yet sharing our – but only if it confirms our existing beliefs. We find
lives on social media is now the norm, not the ways to ignore facts that challenge our ideals. And as
exception – and it was the camera phone that made it neuroscientist Bahador Bahrami and colleagues have
all possible. Now, some phones come with an found, we weigh all opinions as equally valid,
enormous 64GB of memory, so you can capture, share regardless of expertise.
and store an almost countless number of videos and So, having the data on your side is not always
pictures – well, certainly enough to keep up with the enough. For better or for worse, Sharot says, emotions
Kardashians. may be the key to changing minds.

(www.theguardian.com, 07.07.2017. Adaptado.) (Shankar Vedantam. www.npr.org. Adaptado.)

3. No trecho do quarto parágrafo “and even these 4. No trecho do segundo parágrafo “but these are no
filled the phone’s memory”, o termo em destaque se match for an emotional appeal to parents worried for
refere a their young children”, o termo sublinhado refere-se a
a) grainy, blurry pictures. a) “experts”.
b) postage stamp-sized screens. b) “studies”.
c) phone’s memory. c) “autism and vaccines”.

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d) “parents”. a) “their” in “Two-thirds of U.S. third graders face

e) “myths”. challenges that will impact their future…” refers to
“Two-thirds of U.S. third graders”.
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: b) “these” in “This has alarming consequences for
Based on the text below, answer the question(s). these children…” refers to “only one in three U.S.
students”.
Too many third graders can’t read this sentence c) “they” in “… how they can help put more children on
9 Feb. 2017 – Editor’s Picks a path to success.” refers to “business leaders”.
d) “they” in “… while after third grade, they’re reading
Two-thirds of U.S. third graders face to learn.” refers to “students”.
challenges that will impact their future, including e) “you” in “I encourage you to read the BRT report.”
academic struggles that could lead to dimmer refers to the reader.
academic and career prospects. Sadly, only one in
three U.S. students demonstrates reading proficiency TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:
at the end of third grade. This has alarming The Genre of Autobiography and Autofiction
consequences for these children, and for our country.
A report released today from the Business Derived from three Greek words meaning
Roundtable (BRT) shed light on this troubling trend in “self”, “life” and “write”, autobiography is a style of
American education, and advises business leaders on writing that has been around nearly as long as history
how they can help put more children on a path to has been recorded. Yet, autobiography was not
success. classified as a genre within itself until the late
(…) eighteenth century.
I’ve heard it said that before third grade, In his book, Inside out, E. Stuart Bates offers a
students are learning to read, while after third grade, functional definition of autobiography as “a narrative of
they’re reading to learn. Grade three is a crossroads in the past of a person by the person concerned”. That
a life’s journey. If you’ve read this far, then you definition, however, is too broad for some literary
understand why is so important. Not enough of our critics. Many, such as Philippe Lejeune, wish to define
young learners can say the same. the genre more narrowly: “(a) retrospective prose
I encourage you to read the BRT report. As narrative produced by a real person concerning his
you read, please consider ways to help our schools own existence, focusing on his individual life, in
and our teachers keep students on paths to bright particular on the development of his personality”.
futures. Despite disagreements concerning how
inclusive the category of autobiography should be,
Leave your comments below there are characteristics that are common to the
majority of autobiographical works. These features are
Michael Jonas the grammatical perspective of the work, the identity of
Really, all I read was blabla wa wa wa. Are you the self, self-reflection and introspection.
Charlie Brown’s teacher? If we can’t understand our Most autobiographies are written from the first
children who are crying out for help and direction, then person singular perspective. The author, the narrator
there is a something wrong with you. Please go back and the protagonist must share a common identity for
and check yourself! They are worth so much more. the work to be considered an autobiography. This
common identity could be similar, but is not identical.
Rick Shire The self that the author constructs becomes a
Thanks for sharing. With two young children, I character within the story that may not be a completely
increasingly think about the importance of early factual representation of the author’s actual past self.
childhood education. Pre-k care is far too inaccessible, In their book The voice within, Roger Porter
ultimately magnifying from the earliest stages of life. and H. R. Wolf state that “truth is a highly subjective
matter, and no autobiographer can represent exactly
Tom Frank what happened back then, any more than a historian
What exactly is education? Academic can definitively describe the real truth of the past”.
education doesn’t make someone a better person or Because the author cannot describe events
even a better employee. I would guess that anything objectively, even the most accurate autobiographies
we learn in the education process is at the most 10% have fictional elements. The blurring of fiction and truth
useful to us as people. Education should teach characteristic of autobiography has even led to the
academia but also life skills such as budgeting, EQ creation of a subdivision within the genre of
skills, languages etc., all the elements to be a autobiography that deals with fictionalized self-
successful person and not necessarily a successful accounts. For this style of writing that blends
professional. characteristics of both fiction and autobiography, Serge
Doubrovsky coined the literary term “autofiction”.
Adapted from http://www.linkedin.com. The difference between traditional
autobiography and the genre of autofiction is that
autobiographers are attempting to depict their real life,
5. By reading the text, we CANNOT state that the while writers of autofiction are only basing their work
pronoun upon real experiences. Writers of autofiction are not

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expected to be as historically accurate as possible as met with Onoda and rescinded his original orders in
autobiographers are. According to Alex Hughes, person.
authors of autofiction are saying “this is me and this is The Philippine government granted him a
not me”. 1This sums up autofiction. Autofiction draws pardon, although many in Lubang never forgave him
from the life of the writer with the addition of fictional for killing 30 people during his campaign on the island.
elements to make the work more than just a life story. 1 The news media reported on this and other

Autobiography is a popular genre. 2Writers of misgivings, but at the same time welcomed his return
memoirs and life stories never lack an audience. home.
People are interested in the actual lives of others and
want to know about others’ pasts and feelings and Adapted from http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-
desires. Autobiography is a way to organize the story asia-25772192 and http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/
of a life and reflect on the past in order to better Hiroo_Onoda
understand the present.

hubpages.com 7. In the sentence “The news media reported on this

and other misgivings...” (ref. 1), this refers to
a) other misgivings.
6. This sums up autofiction. (ref. 1) b) killing 30 people.
c) so much attention.
The underlined pronoun refers to: d) the Philippine government.
a) the summary of the term proper e) original orders.
b) the life of the autobiography writer
c) the feature of the genre concerned TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:
d) the content of the preceding quotation Leia o texto para responder às questões.

TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: Pediatric group advises parents to read to kids
Japan WW2 Soldier Who Refused to Surrender
Dies June 26, 2014
By Amy Graff
A Japanese soldier who refused to surrender
after World War Two ended and spent 29 years in the
jungle has died aged 91 in Tokyo. Hiroo Onoda
remained in the jungle on Lubang Island near Luzon, in
the Philippines, until 1974 because he did not believe
that the war had ended. He was finally persuaded to
emerge after his ageing former commanding officer
was flown in to see him. Onoda was greeted as a hero
on his return to Japan.
The young soldier had orders not to surrender
- a command he obeyed for nearly three decades. “I
became an officer and I received an order. If I could
not carry it out, I would feel shame. I am very
competitive”, he said. Three other soldiers were with
him at the end of the war. One emerged from the
jungle in 1950 and the other two died.
Mr Onoda ignored several attempts to get him
to surrender. He later said that he dismissed search Reading Go Dog Go to your 6 month old might
parties sent to him, and leaflets dropped by Japan, seem like wasted time because she’s more likely to eat
because there was always something suspicious, so the book than help you turn the pages, but a statement
he never believed that the war had really ended. released by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP)
Though Onoda had been officially declared dead in this week says reading in the early years is essential.
December 1959, search parties were sent out in 1972, Reading out loud gets parents talking to their babies
when the last person from his group was killed by local and the sound of an adult’s voice stimulates that tiny
police, but they did not find him. Onoda was now yet rapidly growing brain. In the statement, the
alone. academy advises pediatricians to tell parents to read
On February 20, 1974, a Japanese man, Norio books to their children from birth.
Suzuki, found Onoda after four days of searching. Reading regularly with young children
They became friends, but Onoda still refused to stimulates optimal patterns of brain development and
surrender, saying that he was waiting for orders from a strengthens parent-child relationships at a critical time
superior officer. Suzuki returned to Japan with in child development, which, in turn, builds language,
photographs of himself and Onoda as proof of their literacy, and social-emotional skills that last a lifetime.
encounter, and the Japanese government located Research shows that a child’s brain develops faster
Onoda’s commanding officer, Major Yoshimi Taniguchi. between 0 and 3 than at any other time in life, making
He flew to Lubang where on March 9, 1974, he finally the early years a critical time for babies to hear rich

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oral language. The more words children hear directed
at them by parents and caregivers, the more they
learn.
While many babies are read Goodnight Moon
and The Very Hungry Caterpillar every night before
bed, others never get a chance to “pat the bunny.”
Studies reveal that children from low-income, less-
educated families have significantly fewer books than
their more affluent peers. By age 4, children in poverty
hear 30 million fewer words than those in higher-
income households. These dramatic gaps result in
significant learning disadvantages that persist into
adulthood. The AAP hopes the new guidelines will
encourage all parents to start reading from day one.
Research shows that when pediatricians talk
with parents about reading, moms and dads are more
likely to fill their home with books and read. Also, to
help get more parents reading, the AAP is partnering
with organizations such as Scholastic and Too Small to
Fail to help get reading materials to new families who
need books the most.
This is the first time the AAP has made a
recommendation on children’s literary education and it
seems the timing might be just right as more and more
parents are leaning on screens and electronic gadget
to occupy their babies. “The reality of today’s world is
that we’re competing with portable digital media,” Dr.
Alanna Levine, a pediatrician in Orangeburg, N.Y., told
The New York Times. “So you really want to arm
parents with tools and rationale behind it about why it’s
important to stick to the basics of things like books.”
http://blog.seattlepi.com. Adaptado.
8. No trecho do terceiro parágrafo “By age 4, children
in poverty hear 30 million fewer words than those in
higher-income households.”, o termo em destaque se
refere às crianças
a) de famílias pobres.
b) de famílias com menor escolaridade.
c) de famílias de maior renda.
d) com problemas de aprendizagem.
e) com mais de quatro anos de idade.
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:
Driverless automobiles - The car that parks itself
CARS that need no driver are just around the
corner according to researchers who have been testing
vehicles bristling with aerials and cameras on public
roads in America. However, researchers do not make
cars, so it will be up to firms that do to bring the
technology to market. And carmakers are a
conservative bunch. Still, slowly and steadily the
autonomous car will arrive, with the help of an
increasing number of automated driving aids. A
Swedish carmaker has recently demonstrated one
such feature: a car that really does park itself.
Some cars already have systems that assist
with parking, but these are not completely
autonomous. They can identify an empty parallel-
parking space and steer into it while the driver uses the
brake. The Swedish system, however, lets the driver
get out and use a smartphone application to instruct
the vehicle to park. The car then 1trundles off,
manoeuvres into a parking place and sends a
message to the driver to inform him where it is. The
driver can collect the car in person or use his phone to
call it back to where he dropped it off. Autonomous
parking could thus be provided at places like shopping
centers and airports, which are controlled areas in
which automated vehicles can be managed more
easily than on open highways. In the past, designs for
doing this have relied on car parks being fitted with
buried guide wires that a vehicle can follow to an
empty bay. That, though, creates 2a chicken-and-egg
problem: car-park operators will not invest in such
infrastructure until there is a sufficient number of
suitably equipped cars on the road. Drivers,
conversely, will not want to buy self-parking cars if
there is nowhere to use them.
This means, as a safety engineer working on
the project observes, that for autonomous parking to
work most of the technology will have to be in the car
itself. The test car, which looks like a normal car,
therefore uses on-board GPS mapping, cameras with
image-recognition software, and radar sensors to find
its own way around a car park and avoid pedestrians
and non-autonomous vehicles. The same engineer
says the system is five to ten years from commercial
deployment. If it proves a success then infrastructure
might adapt to it, for instance by packing cars into
tighter spaces. If there is no one in them there is no
need to make room for their doors to open.
Driverless cars would also need to
communicate with one another, to enhance safety.
That, too, is coming. 3A number of carmakers are
developing wireless networking systems through which
vehicles can exchange data, such as their speed, their
steering angle and even their weight, to forewarn anti-
collision systems and safety devices if an accident
looks likely.
In the USA, for example, a carmaker recently
tested a brake light that can provide an early warning
to other motorists. If the brakes are applied hard in an
emergency, a signal is broadcast. This illuminates a
warning light in the dashboard of suitably equipped
following vehicles, even if they are out of sight around
a bend or not immediately behind the vehicle doing the
braking.
The American company has been testing this
system as part of a collaborative research project with
several European carmakers. 4They have put a fleet of
150 experimental vehicles on the roads. When they
tested a group of these, the Americans found the
technology let drivers brake much earlier, helping avoid
collisions. A driverless car would be able to react even
faster.
Another member of the research group has
been testing driverless cars on roads around Munich—
including belting down some of Germany’s high-speed
autobahns. 5The ordinary-looking models use a variety
of self-contained guidance systems. These include
cameras mounted on the upper windscreen, which can
identify road markings, signs and various obstacles
likely to be encountered on roads.

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The German cars also use a radar, to gauge affected by them continuing to work, but in older
how far the vehicle is from other cars and potential mothers the effect was more significant.
obstacles, and a lidar, which works like a radar but at The researchers identified 1,339 children whose
optical frequencies. The lidar employs laser beams to mothers were part of the British Household Panel
scan the road ahead and builds up from the reflections Survey, which was conducted between 1991 and 2005,
a three-dimensional image of what this looks like. The and for whom data was available. A further sample of
image is processed by a computer in the vehicle, 17,483 women who gave birth in 2000 or 2001 and
which also collects and compares data from a high- who took part in the Millennium Cohort Study was also
accuracy GPS unit. A series of ultrasonic sonars examined and showed similar results, along with
similar to those used in vehicles to provide parking 12,166 from the National Survey of Family Growth,
assistance are placed around the car to add to the relating to births in the US between the early 1970s
virtual picture. And just to make sure, a set of and 1995.
accelerometers provide an inertial navigation system One of the authors of the study, Prof. Marco
that double-checks the vehicle’s position on the road. Francesconi, said the government should consider
6Although these cars can be switched to an incentives _____1_____ employers to offer more
autonomous driving mode, they are still required to flexible maternity leave to women who might need a
have someone in the driving seat who can take over in break before, _____2_____ after, their babies were
the event of any difficulty. Some cars can steer born. He said: “We know low birth weight is a predictor
themselves, slow down, brake and accelerate, even of many things that happen later, including lower
changing lanes to overtake slower vehicles. chances of completing school successfully, lower
wages and higher mortality. We need to think seriously
From the print edition: Science and Technology Jun about parental leave, because – as this study suggests
29th 2013 – the possible benefits of taking leave flexibly before
the birth _____3_____ quite high.”
The study also suggests British women may be
9. In the fragment, “The ordinary-looking models (…) working for _____4_____ now during pregnancy. While
likely to be encountered on roads” (ref. 5), the 16% of mothers questioned by the British Household
demonstrative “These” refers to Panel Study, which went as far back as 1991, worked
a) cameras. up to one month before the birth, the figure was 30% in
b) models. the Millennium Cohort Study, whose subjects were
c) signs. born in 2000 and 2001.
d) obstacles.
e) systems. (www.guardian.co.uk)

TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:

Work after eight months of pregnancy is as 10. In the excerpt from the first paragraph – than
harmful as smoking, study finds those who stopped work between six and eight months
–, the word those refers to
Conal Urquhart and agencies a) smoking.
July 28, 2012 b) babies.
c) months.
Working after eight months of pregnancy is as harmful d) women.
for babies as smoking, according to a new study. e) pregnancy.
Women who worked after they were eight months
pregnant had babies on average around 230g lighter TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:
than those who stopped work between six and eight The following text was published on the Markkula
months. Center for Applied Ethics website at Santa Clara
The University of Essex research – which drew on data University. It’s a short article. Read it and answer
from three major studies, two in the UK and one in the question(s).
US – found the effect of continuing to work during the
late stages of pregnancy was equal to that of smoking “E” Is for Everyday Ethics
while pregnant. Babies whose mothers worked or By Margaret R. McLean
smoked throughout pregnancy grew more slowly in the
womb. When was the first time you had to choose
Past research has shown babies with low birth weights between right and wrong, between telling the truth or
are at higher risk of poor health and slow development, whispering a lie? What was it that first tweaked your
and may suffer from a variety of problems later in life. sense of fair play — a warm gooey chocolate chip
Stopping work early in pregnancy was particularly cookie not quite divided in half, being “too little” to try-
beneficial for women with lower levels of education, the out for the ball team? When was the first time 4you
study found – suggesting that the effect of working cried, “It's not fair!”? It really is hard to imagine a time
during pregnancy was possibly more marked for those when we weren't trying to be good — or, at least, trying
doing physically demanding work. The birth weight of to avoid being caught in that little lie. It really is hard to
babies born to mothers under the age of 24 was not imagine a time when we weren't doing ethics.
Everyday, 3we face ethical dilemmas, those moments

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when we think: Should I? Shouldn't I? Ethics — we can deserves to win. One of the 2007 nominees was from
either do it well or do it badly. a rural community in the Brazilian Amazon. Marajo
There seem to be as many definitions of ethics Island is the largest fresh water island in the world, and
as there are ethicists. The one that has caught my eye for years the 200,000 people who live there have
recently is: “Ethics is individuals working together as a worked in the fishing industry during the dry season,
community to be at their best.” This simple statement when the river is full of fish. But during the rainy
acknowledges what we all know to be true about life — season the fish disappear. That is also the time when
that we are in this alone and we are in this together. the Andiroba trees deposit their seeds. These seeds
We are individuals — deciding, choosing, are carried by the rivers and many end up on the
living, dying. But, we are also members of communities beaches of Marajo. For years the fishermen from
— family, neighborhood, church, society. As Marajo have considered these seeds a problem but a
individuals, we focus on will and choice — I decide Brazilian company saw an opportunity to make money
what I am going to do. As members of communities, out of them. In 2004, this company organized a
we see that the results of our choices affect others — cooperative to collect the seeds and extract their oil for
my decision to lie is wrong because it hurts others as the cosmetics industry. Life on the island has improved
well as myself. Ethics asks us to reflect on what 1it for many families since 2004. This project has made a
means to be at our best both in our individual lives and huge difference for the families of the 1,000 people
in our relationships. What does it take to be caring and working in the business.
committed people and communities?
Every day, we decide who we are — truthful or (Based on: www.theworldchallenge.co.uk. 03/11/2010.)
dishonest? Every day, our actions have consequences
— helpful or hurtful? Every day, we either build up or
tear down relationships. We tend to think of ethics as 12. In “These include, for example, projects that have
coming into view only in congressional investigations helped farmers in Peru”, the underlined word refers to
or intensive care units. But, in reality, we practice a) slums.
ethics every day; we work together to be at our best — b) people.
or our worst — every day. Cloning, assisted suicide, c) nominations.
lying to Congress — 2these catch the headlines. d) communities.
Munching on unpaid-for grapes in the market, cheating
on an exam or taxes, telling 5that little white lie — TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:
these catch our lives every day. How computers will soon get under our skin

Margaret R. McLean is director of health care and By Steve Connor, Science Editor
biotechnology ethics at the Markkula Center for 12 August 2011
Applied Ethics. Posted August 2006
It may soon be possible to wear your computer
Available at: <http://www.scu.edu/ethics/practicing/ or mobile phone under your sleeve, with the invention
focusareas/medical/ introduction/everyday.html>. of an ultra-thin and flexible electronic circuit that can be
Accessed on: April 2013. collective. stuck to the skin like a temporary tattoo. The device,
which is almost invisible, can perform just as well as
more conventional electronic machines but without the
11. Reading the text in details, one can say that need for wires or bulky power supplies, scientists said.
a) “it” (ref. 1) refers to “my decision to lie”. The development could mark a new era in consumer
b) “these” (ref. 2) refers to “the headlines”. electronics. The technology could be used for
c) “we” (ref. 3) refers to the author and her colleagues. applications ranging from medical diagnosis to covert
d) “you” (ref. 4) refers to Margaret McLean’s military operations.
colleagues. The “epidermal electronic system” relies on a
e) “that” (ref. 5) refers to any specific lie the reader highly flexible electrical circuit composed of snake-like
remembers. conducting channels that can bend and stretch without
affecting performance. The circuit is about the size of a
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: postage stamp, is thinner than a human hair and sticks
Text to answer the question(s). to the skin by natural electrostatic forces rather than
glue. “We think this could be an important conceptual
What is World Challenge? advance in wearable electronics, to achieve something
that is almost unnoticeable to the wearer. The
World Challenge is a global competition and its technology can connect you to the physical world and
objective is to find projects or small businesses that the cyberworld in a very natural way that feels
have shown innovation and made a difference to the comfortable,” said Professor Todd Coleman of the
local community. Since it began, in January 2004, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, who led the
World Challenge has received lots of nominations from research team.
all over the world. These include, for example, projects A simple stick-on circuit can monitor a person’s
that have helped farmers in Peru or improved the lives heart rate and muscle movements as well as
of people in the slums of Colombia. Each year conventional medical monitors, but with the benefit of
thousands of people vote to say who they think being weightless and almost completely undetectable.

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Scientists said it may also be possible to build a circuit

for detecting throat movements around the larynx in There’s been a lot of recent research on this subject,
order to transmit the information wirelessly as a way of much of it conducted at Tom’s home institution, Cornell
recording a person’s speech, even if they are not University. And the answer is clear. If you’re conflicted
making any discernible sounds. about whether to spend money on a material good
Tests have already shown that such a system (say, a computer) or personal experience (say, a
can be used to control a voice-activated computer vacation), the research says you’ll get much more
game, and one suggestion is that a stick-on voicebox satisfaction — and for longer — if you choose the
circuit could be used in covert police operations where experience. Most of us, it turns out, get more bang
it might be too dangerous to speak into a radio from the experiential buck. Indeed, when people are
transmitter. “The blurring of electronics and biology is asked to recall their most significant material and
really the key point here,” said Yonggang Huang, experiential purchases over the previous five years,
professor of engineering at Northwestern University in they report that the experience brought more joy, was
Evanston, Illinois. “All established forms of electronics a source of more enduring satisfaction and was more
are hard, rigid. Biology is soft, elastic. It’s two different clearly “money well spent¨.
worlds. This is a way to truly integrate them.”
Engineers have built test circuits mounted on a This might seem counter-intuitive. After all, when
thin, rubbery substrate that adheres to the skin. The faced with a trade-off between doing and buying, many
circuits have included sensors, light-emitting diodes, people opt for the material good because “it will still be
transistors, radio frequency capacitors, wireless there” long after the experience would have been
antennas, conductive coils and solar cells. “We threw enjoyed. In one sense that’s correct: The material good
everything in our bag of tricks on to that platform, and lasts while the experience is fleeting. But
then added a few other new ideas on top of those, to psychologically it’s the reverse. We quickly adapt to the
show that we could make it work,” said John Rogers, material good, but the experience endures in the
professor of engineering at the University of Illinois at memories we cherish, the stories we tell and the very
Urbana-Champaign, a lead author of the study, sense of who we are.
published in the journal Science. (http://moneyland.time.com Acesso em 25/08/2011.
Adaptado.)
(www.independent.co.uk. Adaptado.)

14. No primeiro parágrafo do texto, o pronome

13. In the excerpt of the fourth paragraph – This is a demonstrativo this empregado em — this Mind Over
way to truly integrate them. – the word this refers to Money post — refere-se a
a) two different worlds. a) post.
b) electronics. b) mind.
c) biology. c) money.
d) control a voice activated device. d) vacation.
e) blurring of electronics and biology. e) discussion.

TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:

PSYCHOLOGY OF MONEY NOT SO PERFECT AFTER ALL

Want Happiness? Don’t Buy More Stuff — Go on For the past four decades or so, Botswana has
Vacation. When it comes to spending money on things been Africa’s golden boy. The former British
or experiences, the research is clear: doing brings possession has grown as fast as almost any country in
more happiness than owning. the world. It has built an enviable reputation for good
governance and political stability. It has a decent
By Gary Belsky & Tom Gilovich | July 21, 2011 record on civil liberties and a relatively free press.
Once one of the world´s poorest countries, it now
Given that it’s vacation season for many folks, we ranks among the richer middle-income ones. A lot has
thought it a good time to devote this Mind Over Money to do with the discovery of diamonds, of which it is the
post to a brief discussion of what personal finance is world´s biggest producer, soon after independence in
ultimately all about. Some people, of course, really 1996. But unlike many other mineral-rich countries, it
enjoy counting their money, deriving great satisfaction has invested wisely. It has been ranked as Africa’s
simply from watching their bottom line grow, often quite least corrupt country.
removed from any thought of what they might do with But for the past two months it has been
their riches. But for most of us, money is just a token shaken by its first nationwide public-sector strike.
for what we can do with it — pay the mortgage or rent, Botswana´s 2m people, generally a deferential lot,
send kids to college, buy a TV or travel to Italy. And for were shocked when their normally unarmed police
nearly all of us, money is finite; there isn’t enough to do used tear-gas and rubber bullets to disperse rioting
all we want, so we must be selective. That raises a secondary-school pupils after they went on the
crucial question: if we want to maximize the happiness rampage in April. The government closed all state
or satisfaction we get from our money, how should we schools, though they have since reopened.
spend it?

 TEOREMA MILITAR
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The affair started as an ordinary pay dispute.
Permitted for the first time to join trade unions under a
new law, the country’s 120,000 public-sector workers
promptly demanded a 16% pay rise after a three-year
wage freeze. The government, pleading poverty
following a slump in the diamond market during the
global recession, offered just 5% conditional on future
economic growth. Eager to flex their muscles, the
newly formed unions stood their ground. But the
government, the country´s biggest employer,
accounting for 40% of formal jobs, also refused to
budge.
On April 18th the unions called an all-out strike
claiming that 80% responded. Even at its peak, says
the government, no more than half of its employees
walked out, leaving most ministries and services
operating more or less normally. But the government
has dealt with the dispute with a heavy hand, firing
1,400 striking health workers, including some 50
doctors, claiming they were providing an “essential
service” and as such were banned under the
constitution from striking. Worn down by almost two
months without pay, the unions have agreed to accept
the government´s revised unconditional 3% offer,
provided all sacked workers are reinstated. This the
government is refusing to do.
The Economist, 11-06-11.
15. In the last sentence of the 4th paragraph, “This” in
“This the government is refusing to do” most likely
refers to the act of
a) authorizing a 16% pay increase for Botswana’s
public-sector workers.
b) increasing the number of workers in the public
sector.
c) giving certain public-sector workers their jobs back.
d) offering a wage increase of more than 3% to
Botswana’s 120,000 public-sector workers.
e) paying the public-sector workers for the time that
they were on strike.
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:
ET TU, MANCHU?
A century ago it was the “national language” of
a vast empire. Today Manchu mixes with cigarette
smoke blown through the wrinkled lips of 86-years-old
Zhao Lanfeng in Sanjiazi, a village in China´s north-
east. The words she croaks in her thatch-roofed, mud-
brick farmhouse are precious. Ms Zhao calls herself
one of only two fluent native speakers of Manchu left in
the village, one of the last redoubts of a language that
is verging on extinction.
Even in 1911, when the hated Manchu rulers
of China´s last imperial Qing dynasty were overthrown,
the language was national only in name. Manchus
formed only about 2% of the country´s population at
the time. Most people spoke Chinese, the language of
the majority Han people who were conquered in 1644
by the Manchus, a collection of ethnic groups from the
country´s borderlands in what was once known as
Manchuria. Even the last Manchu emperor, Puyi (who
was six when he abdicated), was far from fluent,
despite the court´s dogged efforts to keep the
language alive.
Hundreds if not thousands of Manchu civilians,
many of whom lived in separate communities walled off
from their Han neighbours, were massacred during the
revolution by vengeful Han troops. Many more
changed their names, clothing and other giveaway
features of their ancestry to escape persecution. But in
some remote rural areas Manchu ways held out longer.
In Sanjiazi, descendents of the Manchu troops who
settled the village during the Qing period outnumbered
Han residents. Ms Zhao grew up speaking Manchu.
Hers was the last generation to do so. In 1979
there were 50 fluent speakers left. The two remaining
(the other is also 86) sometimes chat to each other in
Manchu. But Ms Zhao says the last time this happened
was about four months ago. A few others in Sanjiazi
speak a bit of Manchu. But in all of China, there are
only a handful of people like Ms Zhao.
Few Chinese have any interest in learning the
dying language of their one-time oppressors. Wu
Yuanfeng, a government archivist, says 2 million out of
10 million Qing documents in the country´s collection
are written in Manchu. Yet he estimates there are only
about 30 scholars in China who are truly expert in the
language. Knowledge of the language is kept up
mainly by people like him who belong to the Xibo
people from China´s far north-west. The Xibo language
is very close to Manchu, but Mr Wu says only about
20,000 speak it and their numbers are rapidly
diminishing too.
The Economist. October 8th-14th 2011.
16. In the 4th paragraph, “this” in the phrase “…the
last time this happened…” most likely refers to the last
time
a) a native speaker of Manchu showed up in the village
of Sanjiazi.
b) a native speaker of Manchu in the village of Sanjiazi
died.
c) someone wanted to learn fluent Manchu.

 TEOREMA MILITAR
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d) Zhao Lanfeng conversed with Sanjiazi’s other fluent loss of selfesteem, of ambition, of motivation. Physical
speaker of Manchu. health problems: tiredness, headaches, lack of sleep,
e) Zhao Lanfeng spoke Manchu with the other people intestinal and other physical discomforts. Mental
living in her village. health problems: depression, professional burn-out,
suicidal thoughts. Loss of credibility: reputation
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: destroyed, victim’s professionalism questioned. Job
Moral Harassment loss: disability leave, resignation or dismissal.
Incapacity to go back to regular work: abandoning
What is moral harassment? the job market. Involuntary witnesses may feel uneasy,
insecure and powerless. […]
Many researchers are now trying to define and
understand psychological or moral harassment at (Source: http://www.prevention-violence.com/en/
work. Among these, we have retained a definition from int-111.asp)
a renowned expert in the field, French psychiatrist
Marie-France Hirigoyen, here freely translated:
"If a person or a group of individuals treats you 17. O termo these no texto refere-se:
in a manner that is hostile, whether through actions, a) a assédio moral ou psicológico.
words or in writing, and if those actions affect your b) às vítimas de assédio.
dignity, your physical or psychological well-being, as c) aos pesquisadores do assunto.
well as causing a deterioration in your workplace or d) aos locais onde ocorrem assédio.
even jeopardizing your employment, you are the victim e) aos praticantes de assédio.
of psychological harassment."
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:
How to recognize moral harassment? Brazil, the New Oil Superpower

According to German psychologist Dr. Heinz State-run Petrobras’ “monstrous” new oil find
Leymann, the following are some of the effects and has wide-ranging implications for the South American
behaviours of moral harassment (for which he uses the country, the oil majors, oil services providers, and
term "mobbing"): beyond.
Effects on the victim's possibilities to In a recent radio broadcast, Brazil’s President
communicate (management gives you no possibility Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva said he’s convinced a “higher
to communicate, you are silenced, verbal attack power” has taken a shining to Brazil. 1That, he said,
against you regarding work assignments, verbal might explain the providence of state-run oil company
threats, verbal activities in order to reject you, etc.) Petrobras, whose colossal new oil discovery could
Effects on the victim's possibilities to transform Brazil from a barely 2self-sufficient producer
maintain social contacts (colleagues do not talk with into a 3major 4crude exporter. Petrobras announced
you any longer or you are even forbidden by Nov. 8 it has found between 5 billion and 8 billion
management to talk to them, you are isolated in a barrels of light oil and gas at the Tupi field, 155 miles
room far away from others, you are "sent to Coventry", offshore southern Brazil in an area it shares with
etc.) Britain’s BG Group and Portugal’s Galp Energy. Tupi is
Effects on the victim's possibilities to the world’s biggest oil find since a 12 billion-barrel
maintain his personal reputation (gossiping about Kazakh field was discovered in 2000, and the largest
you, others ridicule you, others make fun about a ever in deep waters.
handicap or your ethnic heritage, or your way of Perhaps more important, Petrobras believes
moving or talking, etc.) Tupi may be Brazil’s 5first of several new “elephants,”
Effects on the victim's occupational an industry term for 6outsize fields of more than 1
situation (you are not given any work assignment at billion barrels.
all, you are given meaningless work assignments, etc.)
Effects on the victim's physical health (you Adapted from: www.businessweek.com/bwdaily/
are given dangerous work assignments, others dnflash/content/nov2007
threaten you physically or you are attacked physically,
you are sexually harassed in an active way, etc.)
18. The pronoun “That” (ref. 1) refers to:
What are the consequences of moral harassment a) “Brazil”.
at work? b) “radio broadcast”.
c) colossal new oil discovery.
On The Victim And Witnesses d) “the providence of state-run oil company
Petrobras ”.
Moral harassment can lead to an untimely end e) “a ‘higher power’ has taken a shining to Brazil”.
to a career. The following example shows how such a
course of events can lead to an abrupt, premature TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:
departure: Up from the bottom of the pile
Emotional instability: anguish,
Something rather exciting is happening in Latin
discouragement, frustration, feelings of helplessness, a
America

 TEOREMA MILITAR
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Aug 16th 2007 "It seems like a hippie entrepreneur's dream

come true: an ecostore with cash registers powered by
rooftop Wind turbines, skylights instead of light bulbs
Much of the news coming out of Latin America
and photovoltaic solar cells on the roof to help power
in recent years has been of radical populists
the bakery's oven. It's so environmentally friendly that
proclaiming "revolution" or, as Venezuela's Hugo even the toilet water is collected from raindrops
Chávez would have it, "21st century socialism". In their outside. 2Only this is not some pipe dream of a fringe
widely propagated caricature, a tiny white elite in Latin activist. The vision comes from Tesco, the world's third
America oppresses an indigenous majority whose largest retailer. Tesco is pumping £100 million into
poverty has been exacerbated by the free-market environmental technologies to reduce the amount of
reforms imposed by the IMF and the United States. energy they use by 50 percent, compared with 2000
So it might be hard to believe that in many levels, by 2010. 3In addition to building 80 new
countries in the region, and especially in Brazil and ecostores across Britain over the next year - the
Mexico, Latin America's two giants, things are in fact greenest of which will be constructed of recycled
going better today than they have done since the materials and will burn food waste for electricity -
mid-1970s. The region is in its fourth successive year they're also making small changes that could have big
of economic growth averaging a steady 5%. In most effects. They're paying customers not to use plastic
places inflation is in low single digits. And for the first bags, which they expect will cut consumption by 25
time in memory, growth has gone hand-in-hand with a percent in two years.
current-account surplus, holding out hope that it will Tesco is not the only commercial firm that has
not be scotched by a habitual Latin American balance- taken an interest in saving the planet, and making a
of-payments crunch. killing 4 besides. Renewable Energy Corp., a
Norwegian solar-energy company, had the world's
What is more, financial stability and faster largest-ever renewable energy IPO in May. It was 15
growth are starting to transform social conditions with times oversubscribed and raised more than $1 billion,
astonishing speed. The number of people living in valuing REC at nearly $7 billion. You wouldn't mistake
poverty is falling, not only because of growth but also REC's CEO Erik Thorsen for a New Age Joni Mitchell.
thanks to the social policies of reforming democratic "I don't have anything against helping the
governments. The incomes of the poor are rising faster environment," says Thorsen. 5"But the main driver for
than those of the rich in Brazil (where income us is profit."
inequality is at its least extreme for a generation) and
in Mexico. Something weird is happening in the once
marginal world of environmentalism. The green cause
In both these countries a new lower-middle is no longer the preserve of woolly-minded liberals and
class is emerging from poverty. Low inflation, achieved fringe activists. Its tenets are being actively pursued by
through more disciplined public finances and trade business leaders, stockholders and investment
liberalisation, has brought falling interest rates. Credit managers. In the popular mind-set, natural disasters
has at last returned. So these new consumers are 1such as New Orleans's Hurricane Katrina, floods in
buying cars and DVD players or taking out mortgages. Eastern Europe and swirling desert sands in Beijing
No wonder Latin Americans are in an optimistic mood: are now linked to a change in climate that threatens
earlier this year a poll by the Pew Global Attitudes our way of life and our grandchildren's future. Europe's
Project found a greater increase in personal second record-breaking heat wave in three years - with
satisfaction in Brazil and Mexico over the past five the hottest July in U.K. history and more than 40 dead
years than in any of the other 45 countries it surveyed. in France and Spain 6- has only cemented this
( w w w. e c o n o m i s t . c o m / P r i n t e r F r i e n d l y. c f m ? relationship. Environmental concerns have grown so
story_id=9653053. Adaptado.) widespread that no politician can ignore them.
(Adapted from Newsweek, August 14, 2006)

19. In the following excerpt of the third paragraph of

the text - "The incomes of the poor are rising faster
than those of the rich in Brazil (where income
inequality is at its least extreme for a generation) and 20. The word "THIS" in "- has only cemented THIS
in Mexico" - the word "those" refers to relationship" (ref. 6), refers to
a) the poor. a) 40 dead in France and Spain.
b) the rich. b) the hottest July in U.K. history.
c) the incomes. c) natural disasters and climate changes.
d) rising faster. d) politicians and our future generations.
e) Brazil and Mexico. e) the heat wave and floods in Europe.

TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:

TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:
FORCE OF NATURE The coffees of Central America profit from the
area's steady climate and wealth of mountains. The

 TEOREMA MILITAR
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mountains of the Pacific Cordillera, which stretch in a b) markings (I. 05).

virtually unbroken line from Guatemala to the middle of c) craters (I. 05).
Panama, provide the best combination of climate, d) craters and basins (I. 05-06).
altitude, and soil. e) basins (I. 06).
Guatemala was a relative latecomer to the
commercial coffee business, exporting beans only 23. Choose the correct alternative.
since 1875. This mountainous country is ideally suited
for coffee production, and its exports now surpass "Aquele é o Tim perto da porta?"
those of much larger countries. European merchants "Não, Tim é o que está na janela."
still take about 50 percent of the Guatemalan beans, a) "Is that Tim on the door?" "No, Tim is the one on
with most of the best beans today being exported to the window."
England. b) "Is that Tim near the door?" "No, Tim is the one
(Source: Delta's key to the TOEFL test by Nancy on in the window."
Gallagher) c) "Is that Tim next to the door? "No, Tim is that one
through the window."
d) "Is that Tim over the door?" "No, Tim is that one
across the window."
e) "Is that Tim by the door? " "No, Tim is the one at
21. Look at the word "those" in the passage the window."

TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO:

"This mountainous country is ideally suited for coffee PISCES (20 Feb. - 20 March)
production, and its exports surpass those of much
larger countries." Every 200-odd years your fate becomes closely linked,
for a while, to your neighboring sign Aquarius. This is
one of those times - so read their horoscope as well! In
Which word or phrase does it refer to? October you may feel a strong urge to travel, but this1
a) Guatemala. would only complicate the general confusion you're
b) Exports. experiencing. You'd be better off learning new things.
c) Coffee business.
d) Coffee production.
e) Much larger countries.
24. THIS in (ref. 1) refers to
TEXTO PARA A PRÓXIMA QUESTÃO: a) Aquarius.
1 Swiss cheese? Roquefort? Is it Gouda? Well... b) confusion.
we all know the moon isn't really made of cheese. c) horoscope.
Cheese is just one of the many different images seen d) travelling.
in the charcoal-gray, black, and white markings e) urging.
1created by various lunar craters and basins.

2 The most famous of these is "the man on the

moon", whose face looks like a jack-o'-lantern. But that
is not the only figure you can find. The Native
American Haida people in British Columbia see a
woman who carries a bucket, while the ancient Greeks
believed the full moon was the 3goddess Selene riding
her silver chariot across the sky.
3 Animal figures have also been popular. The
Chinese see a rabbit in the dark areas and a toad in
the white. A rabbit may be the most common figure
seen on the moon, with cultures in southeast Asia,
Korea, and Japan, as well as the ancient Maya and
Aztec civilizations all discerning a bunny's form with
ears and tail.
4 So, the next time there is a full moon, go
outside and take a look. What do you see?
(Fonte: Astronomy, Sept. 1999)

22. Na expressão "The most famous of these" (par.2)

THESE está substituindo
a) images (I. 04).

 TEOREMA MILITAR
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Gabarito:
Resposta da questão 1:
[E]
O pronome demonstrativo those (aqueles) faz
referência ao substantivo visitantes. Assim, “apenas os
visitantes que fizeram um pré-agendamento
conseguirão dar uma olhadinha no retrato mais
famoso do mundo”.
Resposta da questão 2:
[C]
A alternativa [C] está correta, pois o texto coloca: “Por
ter crescido em uma família que escutava reggae ao
invés de música clássica, Michael sente-se “bem
ciente” do quão diferente sua abordagem para com a
música é – simbolizada pelo modo com que ele
aprendeu piano sozinho enquanto criança. Isso, sua
mãe diz, veio como uma “surpresa para a família e
para mim mesmo – eu nunca tinha escutado música
clássica na vida”.
Resposta da questão 3:
[A]
A alternativa [A] está correta, pois o demonstrative
adjective these (essas) refere-se a "fotos granulosas e
desfocadas".
Resposta da questão 4:
[B]
A alternativa [B] está correta, pois o demonstrative
pronoun these faz referência ao substantivo studies
(estudos). O texto coloca: "There’s no shortage of
serious studies showing no link between autism and
vaccines, for example, but these are no match for an
emotional appeal to parents worried for their young
children" (Não há falta de estudos sérios que mostram
que não existe relação entre autismo e vacinas, por
exemplo, mas eles não são páreo para um apelo
emocional feito aos pais preocupados com suas
crianças pequenas).
Resposta da questão 5:
[B]
A alternativa [B] deve ser escolhida, pois o
demonstrative adjective these não se refere a only one
in three U.S. students (apenas um em três alunos
norte-americanos), mas sim a two-thirds of U.S third
graders (dois terços dos alunos norte-americanos do
terceiro ano).
Resposta da questão 6:
[D]
A alternativa correta é a [D], pois o pronome
demonstrativo "this" (isso) refere-se ao conteúdo de
uma citação anterior. O texto coloca: "According to
Alex Hughes, authors of autofiction are saying 'this is
me and this is not me'. This sums up autofiction" (de
acordo com Alex Hughes, autores de autoficção estão
dizendo que 'isso sou eu e isso não sou eu'. Isso
resume a autoficção).
Resposta da questão 7:
[B]
O texto diz: "The Philippine government granted him a
pardon, although many in Lubang never forgave him
for killing 30 people during his campaign on the island.
The news media reported on this and other
misgivings, but at the same time welcomed his return
home" (o governo das Filipinas concedeu perdão a
ele, embora muitas pessoas em Lubang nunca o
perdoaram por ter matado 30 pessoas durante sua
campanha militar na ilha. A imprensa noticiou esse e
outros impasses, mas ao mesmo tempo o recebeu
bem ao retornar para casa). Assim, o demonstrative
pronoun this refere-se ao "assassinato de 30
pessoas".
Resposta da questão 8:
[C]
A alternativa [C] está correta, pois o trecho destacado
pode ser entendido como: "até os 4 anos de idade, as
crianças pobres ouvem 30 milhões de palavras do que
aquelas [crianças] em lares de maior renda".
Resposta da questão 9:
[E]
O pronome demonstrativo “these” (estes) resgata, por
meio da referência, o termo previamente citado
“systems” (sistemas). Tradução da frase: "The
ordinary-looking models use a variety of self-contained
guidance systems. These include cameras mounted
on the upper windscreen, which can identify road
markings, signs and various obstacles likely to be
encountered on roads" (os modelos de aparência
comum usam uma variedade de sistemas de direção
autônomos. Estes [sistemas] incluem câmeras
instaladas nos para-brisas superiores, que podem
identificar marcações rodoviárias, placas e vários
obstáculos prováveis de ser encontrados em
estradas).
Resposta da questão 10:
[D]
O excerto destacado pode ser entendido como: ... do
que aquelas [mulheres] que pararam de trabalhar
entre seis e oito meses... . Assim, o demonstrative
pronoun “those” refere-se ao substantivo mulheres.
Resposta da questão 11:
[E]
O demonstrative adjective that (aquela) confere ao
trecho “telling that little white lie” a tradução “aquela
mentirinha”. Assim, a alternativa [E] está correta

 TEOREMA MILITAR
LISTA 6 - DEMONSTRATIVOS
PROF. MATEUS TEIXEIRA

porque afirma que a palavra that “refere-se a qualquer

mentira específica que o leitor se lembre”. Resposta da questão 18:
[E]
Resposta da questão 12:
[C] Espera-se que o candidato seja capaz de identificar
que o pronome "that" refere-se ao sentimento do
O demonstrative pronoun “these” refere-se ao presidente Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva (de que uma força
substantivo nominations (nomeações). O texto coloca: superior gostou do Brasil).
“Since it began, in January 2004, World Challenge has
received lots of nominations from all over the world. Resposta da questão 19:
These include, for example, projects that have helped [C]
farmers in Peru or improved the lives of people in the
slums of Colombia” (desde que ele começou, em
Resposta da questão 20:
janeiro de 2004, o World Challenge tem recebido
[C]
várias nomeações de todo o mundo. Essas
[nomeações] incluem, por exemplo, projetos que têm
ajudado fazendeiros no Peru ou têm melhorado as Resposta da questão 21:
vidas das pessoas nas favelas da Colômbia). [D]

Resposta da questão 13: Resposta da questão 22:

[E] [A]

“The blurring of electronics and biology is really the key Resposta da questão 23:
point here,” […] “All established forms of electronics [E]
are hard, rigid. Biology is soft, elastic. It’s two different
worlds. This is a way to truly integrate them. […].” Resposta da questão 24:
[D]
“A integração da eletrônica e da biologia é o ponto
chave aqui. [...] “Todas as formas estabelecidas de
eletrônicos são duras, rígidas. A biologia é suave,
elástica. São dois mundos diferentes. Esta é a forma
de verdadeiramente integrá-las. [...]”. (tradução livre).

Resposta da questão 14:

[A]

O pronome “this” refere-se ao substantivo “post”.

Resposta da questão 15:

[C]

O demonstrative adjective “this” refere-se à relutância

do governo de Botswana a readmitir os funcionários
públicos que foram afastados.

Resposta da questão 16:

[D]

O pronome demonstrativo this (este) refere-se à última

vez que Zhao Lanfeng conversou com o outro falante
fluente de Manchu da vila de Sanjiazi.

Resposta da questão 17:

[C]

O demonstrative pronoun ‘these’ refere-se aos

pesquisadores. Segundo o texto, “... muitos
pesquisadores estão tentando definir e entender o
assédio moral e psicológico no trabalho. Entre esses
[pesquisadores], nós...” (Many researchers are now
trying to define and understand psychological or moral
harassment at work. Among these, we...).