USEFUL

 PERENNIAL  PLANTS

TREES  50'+
Clump   Sun  or   Nitro   Ground  
Latin  Name Common  Name Origin Form Height or  Run Shade Water Edible Fix Nectary Cover Native Other
sun  to   wet  to  
Alnus  cordata Italian  alder Europe tree 75' clump part mesic yes yes
sun  to   wet  to  
Alnus  glutinosa European  alder Europe tree 75' clump part mesic high yes
Araucaria  arancana monkey  puzzle Chile tree 75' clump sun mesic nuts evergreen,  slow  to  fruit
Chilean  wine  
Jubaea  chilensis palm Chile palm 50-­‐80' clump sun mesic nuts evergreen
Juglans  regia walnut Eurasia tree 75' clump sun mesic nuts
sun-­‐ mesic-­‐
Quercus  insignis giant  acorn  oak Mesoamerica tree 100' clump part wet acorns evergreen,  experimental  here
sun-­‐
Tilia  cordata littleleaf  linden Eurasia tree 75' clump shade mesic leaves yes usually  coppiced

TREES  25-­‐50'
Clump   Sun  or   Nitro   Ground  
Latin  Name Common  Name Form Height or  Run Shade Water Edible Fix Nectary Cover Native Other
Castanea  sativa chestnut Europe tree 45' clump sun mesic nuts yes
dry  to  
Ceratonia  siliqua carob Africa tree 50' clump sun mesic pods no

geuvin,  Chilean   part  to   cultivated  for  nuts  in  Chile,  New  
Gevuina  avellana hazel Chile tree 10-­‐60' clump shade mesic nuts  yes Zealand
fruit,  
dry-­‐ cooked  
Morus  alba white  mulberry Asia tree 35' clump sun mesic leaves
Morus  nigra black  mulberry Asia tree 25' clump sun mesic fruit
Persea  americana avocado  "Day" Mesoamerica tree 40' clump sun mesic fruit cold-­‐tolerant  avocado  variety
running   bambo sun-­‐ P.  nigra  (inc  "Hennen"),  P.  aurea,  
Phyllostachys  spp. bamboos Asia o vary run! part mesic shoots P.  aureosulcata,  P.  vivax
Italian  stone   dry-­‐
Pinus  pinea pine Europe tree 45' clump sun mesic nuts yes evergreen

lleuque,  Chilean   part  to  

Prumnopitys  andina plum  yew Chile tree 40-­‐60' clump shade mesic fruits   evergreen
dry  to  
Quercus  ilex  bellota Ilex  oak Mediterranean tree 50' clump sun mesic acorns yes evergreen

TREES  &  SHRUBS  12-­‐25'

Clump   Sun  or   Nitro   Ground  
Latin  Name Common  Name Form Height or  Run Shade Water Edible Fix Nectary Cover Native Other
 macqui,  Chilean   part  to   similar  to  blueberry,  new  
Aristitelia  chilensis wineberry Chile shrub 15' shade fruit yes superfood
clumping   bambo sun-­‐ evergreen.  B.  textilis,  B.  
Bambusa  spp. bamboo Asia o 25' clump part mesic shoots beecheyana
jelly  palm,  pindo  
Butia  capitata palm palm 15' clump sun mesic fruit evergreen
Corylus  avellana hazelnut Europe shrub 15-­‐25' clump sun mesic nuts
Cydonia  oblonga quince Eurasia tree 20' clump sun mesic fruit yes
Asian  
Diospyros  kaki persimmon Asia tree 25' clump sun mesic fruit
dry  to  
Elaeagnus  angistofolia Russian  olive Eurasia tree 25' clump sun mesic fruit high yes
Eriobotrya  japonica loquat Mediterranean tree 25' clump sun mesic fruit

feijoa,  pineapple   fruit,  

Feijoa/Acca  sellowania guava South  America tree 15' clump sun mesic flowers
Laburnum  anagyroides golden  chain Europe tree 25' clump sun mesic yes yes
Malus  domestica apple Eurasia tree 20' clump sun mesic fruit
Myrica  rubra yumberry Asia tree 10-­‐20' clump sun mesic fruit yes evergreen
Olea  europaea olive Mediterranean tree 20' clump sun mesic oil,  olives yes evergreen
Persea  americana avocado Mesoamerica tree 25' clump sun mesic fruit,  oil evergreen
Prunus  armeniaca apricot Eurasia tree 20' clump sun mesic fruit
Prunus  avium cherry Eurasia tree 20' clump sun mesic fruit
Prunus  domestica plum Eurasia tree 15' clump sun mesic fruit
Prunus  dulcis almond Eurasia tree 15' clump sun mesic nuts
Prunus  persica peach Eurasia tree 15' clump sun mesic fruit
Pyrus  communis pear Eurasia tree 20' clump sun mesic fruit
Pyrus  spp. Asian  pear Asia tree 20' clump sun mesic fruit    
x  Sorbopyrus shipova hybrid tree 20' clump sun mesic fruit
dry-­‐
Zizyphus  jujuba jujube Asia tree 20' clump sun mesic fruit
6-­‐12'  HIGH
Clump   Sun  or   Nitro   Ground  
Latin  Name Common  Name Form Height or  Run Shade Water Edible Fix Nectary Cover Native Other
dry  to  
Amelanchier  alnifolia saskatoon Europe shrub 6-­‐12' clump sun mesic fruit
Iberian   dry  to  
Amelanchier  obovalis juneberry Europe shrub 6-­‐12' clump sun mesic fruit yes
Citrus  spp. citrus  (various) Asia tree 6-­‐12' clump sun mesic fruit evergreen
dry  to  
Colutea  hispanica Europe shrub 6-­‐8' clump sun mesic yes yes
Coriaria  myrtifolia coriaria Europe shrub 6-­‐8' clump sun mesic yes yes
dry-­‐
Crotolaria  longirostrata chipilin Mesoamerica shrub 4-­‐10' clump sun mesic leaves yes
Cudrania  tricuspidata che  fruit Asia tree 8-­‐12' clump sun mesic fruit
sun-­‐
Eleagnus  multiflora goumi Asia shrub 8' clump part mesic fruit yes
 dry-­‐
Ficus  carica fig Mediterranean tree 15' clump sun mesic fruit   yes
Fortunella  japonica kumquat Asia tree 12' clump sun mesic fruit evergreen
sunchoke,  
Jerusalem   Eastern  North   mesic-­‐
Helianthus  tuberosa artichoke America herb 6-­‐12' run sun wet tubers yes
sun-­‐
Mespilus  germanica medlar Europe tree 15' clump part mesic fruit
dry-­‐
Opuntia  ficus-­‐indica tuna,  nopale Mesoamerica cactus 4-­‐12' clump sun mesic pads,  fruit evergreen
dry-­‐
Punica  granatum pomegranite Eurasia shrub 10' clump sun mesic fruit
sun-­‐ wet-­‐
Sambucus  nigra elderberry Europe shrub 10-­‐20' clump part mesic fruit yes  

Smallianthus  sonchifolia yacon Andes herb 6-­‐8' clump sun mesic tuber yes
evergreen   Western  North   part-­‐ mesic-­‐
Vaccinium      ovatum huckleberry America shrub 6-­‐8' clump shade wet fruit   evergreen
highbush   Eastern  North   mesic-­‐
Vaccinium  corymbosum blueberry America shrub 6-­‐8' clump sun wet fruit

3-­‐6'  HIGH
Clump   Sun  or   Nitro   Ground  
Latin  Name Common  Name Form Height or  Run Shade Water Edible Fix Nectary Cover Native Other
Asparagus  officinalis asparagus Mediterranean herb 4' clump sun mesic shoots yes

Darwin's   part  to  

Berberis  darwinii barberry Chile shrub 4-­‐5' clump shade mesic fruit  
Brassica  oleracea tree  collards Mediterranean shrub 3-­‐10' clump sun mesic leaves yes
sun-­‐ mesic-­‐ tubers,  
Canna  edulis achira Andes herb 3-­‐8' run part wet shoots
sun-­‐ wet-­‐ tubers,  
Colocasia  esculenta taro Asia herb 4' clump part mesic leaves experimental  here
Cynara  cardunculus cardoon Mediterranean herb 6' clump sun mesic leafstalk yes
Cynara  scolymus artichoke Mediterranean herb 6' clump sun mesic artichokes yes
dry  to  
Cytisus  scoparius Scotch  broom Europe shrub 3-­‐6' clump sun mesic high yes
dry  to  
Genista  hispanica Europe shrub 3-­‐4' clump sun mesic yes yes
sun-­‐
Lycium  chinense goji Asia shrub 3-­‐6' run! part mesic leaves,  fruit
Rheum  x  cultorum rhubarb Asia herb 6' clump sun mesic stalks

uvilla,  Chilean   part  to   under  domestication  in  New  

Ribes  magellanicum currant Chile shrub 3-­‐8' shade mesic fruit yes Zealand
 sun-­‐
Ribes  nigrum black  currant Europe shrub 3-­‐5' clump shade mesic fruit
red  &  white   sun-­‐
Ribes  rubrum currant Europe shrub 3-­‐5' clump shade mesic fruit
sun-­‐
Ribes  uva-­‐crispa gooseberry Europe shrub 3-­‐5' clump shade mesic fruit
dry-­‐
Rosmarinus  officinalis rosemary Mediterranean shrub 3-­‐4' clump sun mesic culinary
Rubus  idaeus raspberry Europe shrub 3-­‐5' run sun mesic fruit yes
sun-­‐
Rubus  occidentalis blackberry Europe shrub 4-­‐8' run part mesic fruit yes
Rubus  parviflorus thimbleberry shrub 3-­‐4' run part mesic fruit yes  
sun  to  
Satureja  multiflora menta  de  arbol Chile shrub 5' part mesic tea yes
Symphytum  x   sun  to  
uplandicum Russian  comfrey hybrid herb 5' clump part mesic yes
sun-­‐
Ugni  molinae Chilean  guava Chile shrub 3-­‐6' clump part mesic fruit evergreen
sun-­‐ wet-­‐ leaves  
Urtica  dioica nettle Europe herb 3-­‐6' run part mesic cooked yes

18"-­‐36"  HIGH
Clump   Sun  or   Nitro   Ground  
Latin  Name Common  Name Form Height or  Run Shade Water Edible Fix Nectary Cover Native Other
Northern   sun-­‐ dry-­‐
Achilea  millefolium yarrow temperate herb 1-­‐3' run part mesic yes yes yes
sun-­‐ dry-­‐ leaves,  
Bunias  orientalis Turkish  rocket Mediterranean herb 4' run part mesic broccolis yes
Chenopodium  sanctae-­‐
clarae Chile shrub 3' clump sun leaves yes Endangered  Chilean  edible.
leaves,  
roots,  
sun-­‐ dry-­‐ broccolis,  
Crambe  maritima sea  kale Mediterranean herb 3' clump part mesic shoots
sun-­‐ dry-­‐
Diplotaxis  muralis sylvetta Mediterranean shrub 5' sows part mesic leaves yes
sun  to   dry  to  
Foeniculum  vulgare fennel Eurasia herb 3' clump part mesic all  parts yes yes
Medicago  sativa alfalfa Eurasia herb 3' clump sun mesic med yes
sun  to  
Myrrhis  odorata sweet  cicely Europe herb 3' clump part mesic all  parts yes yes
sun-­‐ wet-­‐
Oenanthe  javanica water  celery Asia herb 2' run part mesic leaves     yes yes
roots,  
Osmorhiza  chilensis sweet  cicely Chile herb 1-­‐3' clump shade mesic leaves yes yes
sun-­‐ tubers,  
Oxalis  tuberosa oca Andes herb 2' clump part mesic leaves
Physalis  peruviana goldenberry Andes herb 3' clump sun mesic fruit
Pycnanthemum   Western  North   mesic-­‐
californicum mountain  mint America herb 3' run part wet tea yes  
leaves,  
sun-­‐ broccolis,  
Scorzonera  hispanica scorzonera Mediterranean herb 3' clump part mesic roots yes yes
sun-­‐ wet-­‐ tubers,  
Sium  sisarum skirret Asia herb 3' clump part mesic leaves yes

6"-­‐18"  HIGH
Clump   Sun  or   Nitro   Ground  
Latin  Name Common  Name Form Height or  Run Shade Water Edible Fix Nectary Cover Native Other
sun-­‐
Acmella  oleracea paracress herb 12-­‐18" seeds part mesic leaves yes

part  to   wet  to  

Aegopodium  podagraria ground  elder Europe herb 12" runs! shade mesic leaves yes yes yes
Northern   sun-­‐
Allium  schoenoprasum chives temperate herb 18" clump part mesic culinary
sun-­‐
Allium  tuberosum garlic  chives Asia herb 18" clump part mesic culinary
sun  to   leaves,  
Bunium  bulbocastanum earth  chestnut Europe herb 12" clump part mesic roots yes yes
Western  North  
Camassia  quamash camass America herb 18" clump sun     wet bulbs  
Cyperus  esculentus   wet-­‐
sativus chufa Mediterranean herb 18" clump sun     mesic tubers yes
alpine  
Fragaria  vesca  alpina strawberry Europe herb 8" clump sun mesic fruit
Lathyrus  japonicus beach  pea worldwide herb 1' run sun dry peas yes yes yes
creeping  Oregon   part-­‐ dry-­‐
Mahonia  repens grape Mediterranean shrub 1' run shade mesic fruit yes   evergreen
sun-­‐
Rumex  acetosa sorrel Europe herb 18" clump part mesic leaves

Salvia  columbariae chia Mediterranean annual 18" seeds sun dry seeds  
Solanum  muricatum pepino Andes herb 18" clump sun     mesic fruit
Chinese   sun-­‐ wet-­‐
Stachys  affinis artichoke Asia herb 18" runs part mesic tubers yes

Symphytum   part  to   dry  to  

grandiflorum dwarf  comfrey Europe herb 12" runs shade mesic yes
Tanacetum  coccineum pyrethrum Africa herb 18" clump sun     mesic yes pesticide
Tetragonia   New  Zealand   sun-­‐ dry-­‐
tetragonioides spinach Australia herb 10" clump     part mesic leaves yes
sun-­‐
Trifolium  repens white  clover Europe herb 4-­‐8" runs part mesic leaves yes yes yes

0-­‐6"  HIGH
Clump   Sun  or   Nitro   Ground  
Latin  Name Common  Name Form Height or  Run Shade Water Edible Fix Nectary Cover Native Other
Carpobrotus   dry  to  
aequilaterus fruta  del  mar Chile herb 8" run sun mesic fruit yes yes  
fruits,  
seeds,  
Cucurbita  ficifolia figleaf  gourd Mesoamerica herb 6" run sun mesic shoots yes
sun  to  
Duchesnea  indica false  strawberry Europe herb 6" run shade mesic yes yes
beach   sun-­‐
Fragaria  chiloensis strawberry Chile herb 6" runs part mesic fruit yes   evergreen
Fragaria  x  anasana strawberry hybrid yes
part-­‐
Montia  perfoliata miners'  lettuce Mediterranean annual 6" seeds shade mesic leaves   domesticated  native
part-­‐ wet-­‐
Satureja  douglasii yerba  buena Mediterranean herb 6" run shade mesic culinary yes   evergreen
sun  to   wet  to  
Trifolium  wormskioldii Mediterranean herb 6" run part mesic roots yes yes  

VINES
Clump   Sun  or   Nitro   Ground  
Latin  Name Common  Name Form Height or  Run Shade Water Edible Fix Nectary Cover Native Other

Actinidia  deliciosa kiwifruit Asia woody 50' clump sun mesic fruit
Asia,  Africa,   aerial  
Dioscorea  bulbifera air  potato Australia herb 70' clump sun mesic tubers experimental  here

tubers,  
Disocorea  opposita Chinese  yam Asia herb 12' clump sun mesic yamberries
Eurasia,  North   sun-­‐ shoots,  
Humulus  lupulus hops America herb 25' clump     part mesic brewing
Lathyrus  japonicus   dry  to  
maritimus beach  pea Worldwide herb 2' run sun mesic beans yes   yes yes
sun  to  
Lathyrus  tuberosus earthnut  pea Europe herb 4' run part mesic tuber yes yes
Phaseolus  coccineus runner  bean Mesoamerica herb 12' clump sun mesic beans yes
leaves,  
Tropaeolum  tuberosum mashua Andes herb 8' clump sun mesic tubers nematocidal
sun-­‐ greens,  
Ullucus  tuberosus ulluco Andes herb 2' clump part mesic tubers frost  tender
dry-­‐
Vitis  vinifera grape Mediterranean woody 50' clump sun mesic fruit yes

FUNGI

Latin  Name Common  Name Growing  Medium Edible

Coprinus  comatus Shaggy  Mane mulch,  compost mushroom
Hericeum  erinaceous Lion's  Mane stumps,  logs mushroom lobster  flavored
Chestnut  
Hypholoma  sublaterium Mushroom logs,  stumps,  sawdust mushroom oysterlike
Hypsizygus  ulmarius Elm  Oyster mulch,  compost mushroom easily  grown
Lepista  nuda Blewit mulch,  compost mushroom
Morchella  spp. Morel soil  under  trees mushroom mycorrhizal
Pleurotus  spp. Oyster logs mushroom easily  grown,  many  species
Chicken  of  the  
Polyporus  sulphureus Woods stumps,  logs mushroom taste  like  chicken  breast
Stropharia  rugosa-­‐
annulata Winecap mulch,  compost mushroom easily  grown
Lentinula  edodes Shiitake logs mushroom easily  grown

Many  mycorrhizal  non-­‐edible  species  are  available  as  inoculants.