TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE

PHILIPPINES
CARL0S Q. TRINIDAD - CAVITE
AVENEU, SALAWAG DASMARINAS, CAVITE 4114

CT112

ESSENTIALS OF ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION MATRIALS

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY MAJOR IN
CIVIL TECHNOLOGY
BET-CT-1B
ASSIGNMENT NO.2

WOOD AND
WOOD PRODUCTS
SUBMITTED BY:
KRISHIA ANNE A. TAGLE

SUBMITTED TO:
ENGR. SHELLA MERA

DATE SUBMITTED:
SEPTEMBER 25, 2020
 CLASSIFICATION OF TREE
CONIFERS
Conifers are Gymnosperms. They are cone-bearing seed plants with vascular tissue. All living conifers
are woody plants, and most are trees. Living conifers are all in the order Pinales. Typical examples
include cedars, cypresses, firs, junipers, kauris, larches, pines, redwoods, spruces, and yews. Conifers
are most abundant in cool temperate and boreal regions, where they are important timber trees and
ornamentals, but they are most diverse in warmer areas, including tropical mountains.

BROAD LEAVED
A broad-leaved, broad-leaf, or broadleaf tree is any tree within the diverse botanical group of
angiosperms that has flat leaves and produces seeds inside of fruits. It is one of two general
types of trees, the other being a conifer, a tree with needle-like or scale-like leaves and seeds
borne in woody cones.[1] Broad-leaved trees are sometimes known as hardwoods.
 CATEGORY OF PHILIPPINE TIMBER

KAMAGONG

Also known as Philippine Ebony, kamagong is a wood unique to the country. With a black heartwood (inner
region) and gray sapwood, this produces really dramatic, dark timber hence the name. The grain is often
grayish and has strong, dark brown streaks. "It's good to use on accent pieces, but may not be good idea to
make a whole furniture piece out of it," says Benji.

Ideal for: Small, decorative pieces and combat tools like arnis sticks and eskrima

MOLAVE

One of the hardest local woods, molave has a fine texture that makes it smooth to the touch. It's available in
pale yellow to pinkish-brownish tone with a lighter sapwood (outer region), and mostly straight grain. It has
no distinct odor.

Ideal for: window frames, shipbuilding, structural posts, railroad tracks, and other outdoor applications
NARRA
his very popular tropical wood has tones that range from yellow to red. The grain (texture and alignment of
wood fiber) is often interlocked and wavy, which creates interesting flame and ribbon figures when
quartersawn or flat sawn, which makes it a beautiful finishing material. Texture can be anywhere from
average-fine to average-coarse. The wood itself is lustrous and has an attractive odor. Narra is classified as
endangered and vulnerable here, and in Malaysia.

Ideal for: furnishings, floor planks, wall panels

TANGUILE

A moderately hard reddish wood, tanguile is one of the seven local woods often referred to as Philippine
Mahogany. This abundant wood type boasts of fine ribbon or straight grain. It's relatively soft and easy to work
on, but resilient enough for outdoor construction.

Ideal for: interior finishes, cabinets, boat building

YAKAL

This resinous wood with yellow to golden-red tones is another local mahogany type. A high-grade timber,
yakal can tolerate harsh hot and cold weathers.

Ideal for: furniture, surface finishes, small weapons, and outdoor constructions
 CATEGORY OF LUMBER

YARD LUMBER
Used for ordinary light construction and finishing work and consists of 1 and 2 in. material manufactured
into common boards, shiplap, shelving dimension lumber (2 x 2 in to 2 x 12 in.) Center match, flooring,
roof plank, siding, V-joint, trim and molding of all kinds. These are usually found in retail lumberyards.

SHOP LUMBER
Usually left in 1 in. and 2 in. rough thickness often containing knots or defects not ordinarily permissible in
other categories. It is intended for use in shops or mills making sash, doors and cabinets where it will be cut
into relatively short pieces and the defective material discarded.
 STRUCTURAL LUMBER

Is intended for use in heavy construction for load-bearing purposes and is cut into timbers of larger size than yard
lumber. 3 in. or more thick and 4in. or wider. It is made from the heartwood of the log.

WOOD
Wood is traditional building material, it is easily worked, has durability and beauty. It
has great ability to absorb shocks from sudden load. In addition, wood has freedom from
rust and corrosion, is comparatively light in weight, and is adaptable to a countless variety of
purposes.