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  • Mechanisms That Lead To Evolution

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    Bhea Atienza
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    The document discusses the four main mechanisms of evolution: mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, and natural selection. Mutation occurs when the DNA sequence of a gene changes, generating new alleles. Genetic drift is the random changes in allele frequencies that can occur in small populations. Gene flow is the movement of genes between populations through migration and mating. Natural selection is the process where organisms with traits better suited to the environment are more likely to survive and pass on their genes.

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    Mechanisms that Lead to Evolution

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    The document discusses the four main mechanisms of evolution: mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, and natural selection. Mutation occurs when the DNA sequence of a gene changes, generating new alleles. Genetic drift is the random changes in allele frequencies that can occur in small populations. Gene flow is the movement of genes between populations through migration and mating. Natural selection is the process where organisms with traits better suited to the environment are more likely to survive and pass on their genes.

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    3 views2 pages

    Mechanisms That Lead To Evolution

    Uploaded by

    Bhea Atienza
    The document discusses the four main mechanisms of evolution: mutation, genetic drift, gene flow, and natural selection. Mutation occurs when the DNA sequence of a gene changes, generating new alleles. Genetic drift is the random changes in allele frequencies that can occur in small populations. Gene flow is the movement of genes between populations through migration and mating. Natural selection is the process where organisms with traits better suited to the environment are more likely to survive and pass on their genes.

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    According to YourGenome (2017), evolution is the change in a species'

    features over numerous generations based on natural selection. It involves an

    organism altering over time and passing its traits to the next era. However, three

    other mechanisms can lead to evolution: mutation, genetic drift, and gene flow. First,

    mutation is the generation of new alleles in a population when the DNA sequence of

    a gene change (Biology LibreTexts, 2021). In other words, if a mutation occurs, it

    can be handed down to children. Its genetic material can vary through this

    mechanism. One example of a genetic mutation is sickle cell disease (SCD), which

    causes red blood cells to have a sickle shape (BD Editors, 2017). Second, genetic

    drift occurs when the alleles that make it into a population's future generation

    randomly select the alleles in the present generation (Biological Principles, n.d.). It is

    the unpredictability of allele frequency changes in small populations. Since

    randomness causes genetic drift, all changes in a population's gene pool are entirely

    unexpected. In the case of a population of white and brown fur rabbits, where white

    is the dominant allele, genetic drift can result in eradicating the white population,

    leaving just the brown population (BYJUS, 2022). Third, gene flow refers to the

    movement of genes between populations and the passage of genes from one

    population to another after fertilization, which alters the genetic makeup of the

    recipient population (Robb, 2021). If there is migration, there will be gene flow. As a

    result, gene flow occurs whenever an allele is transferred from one group to another.

    According to White (n.d.), one example of this mechanism is when blue-eyed

    Sweden travels to a little town in Mexico where everyone has brown eyes, leading to

    some of their kids having blue eyes due to mating.


    References

    BD Editors. (2017, April 28). Mutation - Definition, Types, Examples and Quiz.

    Biology Dictionary. https://biologydictionary.net/mutation/

    Biological Principles. (n.d.). Other Mechanisms of Evolution.

    https://bioprinciples.biosci.gatech.edu/module-1-evolution/neutral-

    mechanisms-of-evolution/

    Biology LibreTexts. (2021, September 22). 11.2: Mechanisms of Evolution.

    https://bio.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Introductory_and_General_Biology/Book

    %3A_Concepts_in_Biology_(OpenStax)/

    11%3A_Evolution_and_Its_Processes/11.02%3A_Mechanisms_of_Evolution

    BYJUS. (2022, July 22). Genetic Drift-Types And Examples Of Genetic Drift.

    https://byjus.com/biology/genetic-drift/

    Robb, A. (2021, October 1). Gene Flow Definition & Examples | What is Gene

    Flow? - Video & Lesson Transcript. Study.com.

    https://study.com/learn/lesson/gene-flow-definition-examples.html

    White, M. (n.d.). Examples of Gene Flow in Plants and Animals.

    YourDictionary. https://examples.yourdictionary.com/examples-of-gene-

    flow.html

    YourGenome. (2017, February 17). What is evolution?

    https://www.yourgenome.org/facts/what-is-evolution/

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