Accounting Information Systems Romney 13th

Edition Solutions Manual

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Description:
For undergraduate and graduate courses in AIS

The market-leading text with the most comprehensive, flexible coverage of AIS
available.

This market-leading text delivers the most comprehensive and flexible coverage
of the our major approaches to teaching AIS, while allowing instructors the
flexibility to reorder chapters and focus the material to suit their individual course
needs. This new edition has been updated to cover all of the most recent
developments in AIS and to show AIS has changed the roles of an accountant.

Teaching and Learning Experience

This texts presents a better teaching and learning experience—for you and your
students. Here's how:

• Students see the concepts in action

• Up-to-date information covers critical topics
• Students get numerous opportunities to practice and hone their skills
• Instructors get the flexibility to tailor the material to fit their individual
course needs
 • ISBN-10 : 0133428532
• ISBN-13 : 978-0133428537
Table contents:
Part I Conceptual Foundations of Accounting Information Systems
Chapter 1 Accounting Information Systems: An Overview
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case S&S
Introduction
Information Needs and Business Processes
Information Needs
Business Processes
Accounting Information Systems
How an AIS Can Add Value to an Organization
An AIS Can Use Artificial Intelligence and Data Analytics to Improve Decision
Making
The AIS and Blockchain
Cloud Computing, Virtualization, and the Internet of Things
The AIS and Corporate Strategy
The Role of the AIS in the Value Chain
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Chapter 2 Overview of Transaction Processing and Enterprise Resource Planning
Systems
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case S&S
Introduction
Transaction Processing: The Data Processing Cycle
Data Input
Data Storage
Ledgers
Coding Techniques
Chart of Accounts
Journals
Audit Trail
Computer-Based Storage Concepts
Data Processing
Information Output
Transaction Processing: Blockchain
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 2-1 Bar Harbor Blueberry Farm
Case 2-2 SDC
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Chapter 3 Systems Documentation Techniques
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case S&S
Introduction
Business Process Diagrams
Flowcharts
Types of Flowcharts
Program Flowcharts
Data Flow Diagrams
Subdividing the DFD
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Comprehensive Problem
Accuflow Cash Disbursements Process
Required
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 3-1 Dub 5
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Comprehensive Problem Solution
Business Process Diagram
Flowchart
Context Diagram
Level 0 Data Flow Diagram
Level 1 Data Flow Diagram
Part II Data Analytics
Chapter 4 Relational Databases
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case S&S
Introduction
Databases and Files
Using Data Warehouses for Data Analytics
The Advantages of Database Systems
The Importance of Good Data
Database Systems
Logical and Physical Views of Data
Schemas
The Data Dictionary
DBMS Languages
Relational Databases
Types of Attributes
Designing a Relational Database for S&S, Inc.
Basic Requirements of a Relational Database
Two Approaches to Database Design
Creating Relational Database Queries
Query 1
Query 2
Query 3
Query 4
Query 5
Database Systems and the Future of Accounting
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Comprehensive Problem
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 4-1 Research Project
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Comprehensive Problem Solution
Appendix: Data Normalization
Summary
Chapter 5 Introduction to Data Analytics in Accounting
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case S&S
Introduction
Ask the Right Questions
Extract, Transform, and Load Relevant Data
Extracting Data
Understand Data Needs and the Data Available
Extract the Data
Verify the Data Extraction Quality and Document What Was Done
Transforming Data
Understand the Data and the Desired Outcome
Standardize, Structure, and Clean the Data
Validate Data Quality and Achievement of Data Requirements
Document the Transformation Process
Loading Data
Apply Appropriate Data Analytic Techniques
Interpret and Share the Results with Stakeholders
Interpreting Results
Sharing Results
Additional Data Analytics Considerations
Automation
Data Analytics Is Not Always the Right Tool
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 5-1 Robotic Process Automation—Wood’s Amazing Woods Inc.
Overview
Before You Begin
Objective
Part I
Part II
Part III
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Chapter 6 Transforming Data
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case S&S
Introduction
Attributes of High-Quality Data
Data Structuring
Aggregate Data
Data Joining
Data Pivoting
Data Standardization
Data Parsing and Data Concatenation
Cryptic Data Values
Misfielded Data Values
Data Formatting and Data Consistency
Data Cleaning
Data De-Duplication
Data Filtering
Data Contradiction Errors
Data Threshold Violations
Violated Attribute Dependencies
Data Entry Errors
Data Validation
Visual Inspection
Basic Statistical Tests
Audit a Sample
Advanced Testing Techniques
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 6-1 Hotel Data Cleaning Case
Required
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Chapter 7 Data Analysis and Presentation
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case
Introduction
Data Analysis
Descriptive Analytics
Diagnostic Analytics
Predictive Analytics
Prescriptive Analytics
Common Problems with Data Analytics
Data Presentation
Choosing the Right Visualization
Comparison
Correlation
Distribution
Trend Evaluation
Part-To-Whole
Other Visualization Purposes
Designing High-Quality Visualizations
Principle: Simplification
Principle: Emphasis
Principles: Ethical Data Presentation
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 7-1 Analyzing Gamified Training
Part 1: Background
Implementing an analytics mindset
Case 7-1 Appendix
Memo from Friend
Analytics Mindset Gamification
Part 2
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Part III Control of Accounting Information Systems
Chapter 8 Fraud and Errors
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case Northwest Industries
Introduction
AIS Threats
Natural and political disasters
Software Errors and Equipment Malfunctions
Unintentional Errors
Intentional Acts
Introduction to Fraud
Misappropriation of Assets
Fraudulent Financial Reporting
SAS NO. 99 (AU-C Section 240): The Auditor’s Responsibility to Detect Fraud
Who Perpetrates Fraud and Why
The Fraud Triangle
Pressures
Opportunities
Rationalizations
Computer Fraud
The Rise in Computer Fraud
Computer Fraud Classifications
Input Fraud
Processor Fraud
Computer Instructions Fraud
Data Fraud
Output Fraud
Preventing and Detecting Fraud and Abuse
Using Data Analytics to Prevent and Detect Fraud
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 8-1 David L. Miller: Portrait of a White-Collar Criminal
Case 8-2 Heirloom Photo Plans
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Chapter 9 Computer Fraud and Abuse Techniques
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case Northwest Industries
Introduction
Computer Attacks and Abuse
Social Engineering
Malware
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 9-1 Shadowcrew
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Chapter 10 Control and Accounting Information Systems
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case Springer’s Lumber & Supply
Introduction
Why Threats to Accounting Information Systems Are Increasing
Overview of Control Concepts
The Foreign Corrupt Practices and Sarbanes–Oxley Acts
Control Frameworks
COBIT Framework
COSO’S Internal Control Framework
The Control Environment
Management’s Philosophy, Operating Style, and Risk Appetite
Commitment to Integrity, Ethical Values, and Competence
Internal Control Oversight by the Board of Directors
Organizational Structure
Methods of Assigning Authority and Responsibility
Human Resources Standards That Attract, Develop, and Retain Competent
Individuals
Plan and Prepare for Succession
Hiring
Compensating, Evaluating, and Promoting
Training
Managing Disgruntled Employees
Discharging
Vacations and Rotation of Duties
Confidentiality Agreements and Fidelity Bond Insurance
Prosecute and Incarcerate Perpetrators
External Influences
Risk Assessment and Risk Response
Estimate Likelihood and Impact
Identify Controls
Estimate Costs and Benefits
Determine Cost/Benefit Effectiveness
Implement Control or Accept, Share, or Avoid the Risk
Control Activities
Proper Authorization of Transactions and Activities
Segregation of Duties
Segregation of Accounting Duties
Segregation of Systems Duties
Authorization
Data Entry
Programming
Operations
Data Storage
Users
Management
Project Development and Acquisition Controls
Change Management Controls
Design and Use of Documents and Records
Safeguard Assets, Records, and Data
Independent Checks on Performance
Communicate Information and Monitor Control Processes
Information and Communication
Monitoring
Perform Internal Control Evaluations
Implement Effective Supervision
Use Responsibility Accounting Systems
Monitor System Activities
Track Purchased Software and Mobile Devices
Conduct Periodic Audits
Employ a Computer Security Officer and a Chief Compliance Officer
Engage Forensic Specialists
Install Fraud Detection Software
Implement a Fraud Hotline
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 10-1 The Greater Providence Deposit & Trust Embezzlement
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Chapter 11 Controls for Information Security
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case Northwest Industries
Introduction
Three Fundamental Information Security Concepts
1. Security Is a Management Issue, Not Just a Technology Issue
2. People: The Critical Factor
3. The Time-Based Model of Information Security
Protecting Information Resources
Physical Security: Access Controls
Process: User Access Controls
Authentication Controls
Authorization Controls
IT Solutions: Antimalware Controls
IT Solutions: Network Access Controls
Perimeter Defense: Routers, Firewalls, and Intrusion Prevention Systems
Securing Wireless Access
IT Solutions: Device and Software Hardening Controls
Endpoint Configuration
User Account Management
Software Design
IT Solutions: Encryption
Detecting Attacks
Log Analysis
Intrusion Detection Systems
Honeypots
Continuous Monitoring
Responding to Attacks
Computer Incident Response Team (CIRT)
Chief Information Security Officer (CISO)
Monitor and Revise Security Solutions
Penetration Testing
Change Controls and Change Management
Security Implications of Virtualization, Cloud Computing, and the Internet of
Things
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 11-1 Assessing Change Control and Change Management
Case 11-2 Research Project
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Chapter 12 Confidentiality and Privacy Controls
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case Northwest Industries
Introduction
Protecting Confidentiality and Privacy
Identify and Classify Information to Be Protected
Protecting Sensitive Information with Encryption
Controlling Access to Sensitive Information
Training
Privacy Regulations and Generally Accepted Privacy Principles
The EU’S GDPR and U.S. Laws
Generally Accepted Privacy Principles
Identity Theft
Encryption
Factors That Influence Encryption Strength
Key Length
Encryption Algorithm
Policies for Managing Cryptographic Keys
Types of Encryption Systems
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs)
Hashing
Digital Signatures
Digital Certificates and Public Key Infrastructure
Blockchain
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 12-1 Protecting Privacy of Tax Returns
Case 12-2 Generally Accepted Privacy Principles
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Chapter 13 Processing Integrity and Availability Controls
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case Northwest Industries
Introduction
Processing Integrity
Input Controls
Forms Design
Cancellation and Storage of Source Documents
Data Entry Controls
Additional Batch Processing Data Entry Controls
Additional Online Data Entry Controls
Processing Controls
Output Controls
Illustrative Example: Credit Sales Processing
Input Controls
Processing Controls
Output Controls
Processing Integrity Controls in Spreadsheets
Availability
Minimizing Risk of System Downtime
Recovery and Resumption of Normal Operations
Data Backup Procedures
Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity Planning
Effects of Virtualization and Cloud Computing
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 13.1 Ensuring Systems Availability
Required
Case 13-2 Ensuring Process Integrity in Spreadsheets
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Part IV Accounting Information Systems Applications
Chapter 14 The Revenue Cycle: Sales to Cash Collections
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case Alpha Omega Electronics
Introduction
Revenue Cycle Information System
Process
Threats and Controls
Sales Order Entry
Taking Customer Orders
Process
Threats and Controls
Credit Approval
Checking Inventory Availability
Process
Threats and Controls
Responding to Customer Inquiries
Shipping
Pick and Pack the Order
Process
Threats and Controls
Ship the Order
Process
Threats and Controls
Billing
Invoicing
Process
Threats and Controls
Maintain Accounts Receivable
Process
Threats and Controls
Cash Collections
Process
Threats and Controls
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 14-1 Research Project: How CPA Firms Are Leveraging New Developments in
IT
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Chapter 15 The Expenditure Cycle: Purchasing to Cash Disbursements
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case Alpha Omega Electronics
Introduction
Expenditure Cycle Information System
Process
Threats and Controls
Ordering Materials, Supplies, and Services
Identifying What, When, and How Much to Purchase
Process
Threats and Controls
Choosing Suppliers
Process
Threats and Controls
Receiving
Process
Threats and Controls
Approving Supplier Invoices
Process
Threats and Controls
Cash Disbursements
Process
Threats and Controls
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 15-1 Group Case Analysis: School District Expenditure Fraud
Case 15-2 Anatomy of a Multi-Million Dollar Embezzlement at ING Bank
Required
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Chapter 16 The Production Cycle
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case Alpha Omega Electronics
Introduction
Production Cycle Information System
Process
Threats and Controls
Product Design
Process
Threats and Controls
Planning and Scheduling
Production Planning Methods
Key Documents and Forms
Threats and Controls
Production Operations
Threats and Controls
Cost Accounting
Process
Raw Materials Usage Data
Direct Labor Costs
Machinery and Equipment Usage
Manufacturing Overhead Costs
Threats and Controls
Improved Control with Activity-Based Costing Systems
Better Decisions
Improved Cost Management
Improved Control With Innovative Performance Metrics
Throughput: A Measure of Production Effectiveness
Quality Control Measures
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 16-1 The Accountant and CIM
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Chapter 17 The Human Resources Management and Payroll Cycle
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case Alpha Omega Electronics
Introduction
HRM/Payroll Cycle Information System
Overview of HRM Process and Information Needs
Threats and Controls
Payroll Cycle Activities
Update Payroll Master Database
Process
Threats and Controls
Validate Time and Attendance Data
Process
Threats and Controls
Prepare Payroll
Process
Threats and Controls
Disburse Payroll
Process
Threats and Controls
Calculate and Disburse Employer-Paid Benefits, Taxes, and Voluntary Employee
Deductions
Process
Threats and Controls
Outsourcing Options: Payroll Service Bureaus and Professional Employer
Organizations
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 17-1 Excel Project*: Sorting and Grouping Data
Required
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Chapter 18 General Ledger and Reporting System
Learning Objectives
Integrative CaseAlpha Omega Electronics
Introduction
General Ledger and Reporting System
Process
Threats and Controls
Update General Ledger
Process
Threats and Controls
Reconciliations and Control Reports
The Audit Trail
Post Adjusting Entries
Process
Threats and Controls
Prepare Financial Statements
Process
Transition from GAAP to IFRS
XBRL: Revolutionizing the Reporting Process
XBRL Process and Terminology
The Accountant’s Role
Threats and Controls
Produce Managerial Reports
Process
Threats and Controls
Responsibility Accounting and Flexible Budgeting
The Balanced Scorecard
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
Hints
Case 18-1 Exploring iXBRL Viewers*
Case 18-2 Evaluating a General Ledger Package*
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Part V The REA Data Model
Chapter 19 Database Design Using the REA Data Model
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case Fred’s Train Shop
Introduction
Database Design Process
Entity-Relationship Diagrams
The REA Data Model
Three Basic Types of Entities
Structuring Relationships: The Basic REA Template
Rule 1: Every Event Entity Must Be Linked to At Least One Resource Entity
Rule 2: Every Event Entity Must Be Linked to At Least One Other Event Entity
Rule 3: Every Event Entity Must be Linked to at Least Two Participating Agents
Developing an REA Diagram
Step 1: Identify Relevant Events
Step 2: Identify Resources and Agents
Step 3: Determine Cardinalities of Relationships
Three Types of Relationships
What an REA Diagram Reveals About an Organization
Business Meaning of Cardinalities
Uniqueness of REA Diagrams
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Comprehensive Problem
Expenditure Cycle for Fred’s Train Shop
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 19-1 REA Data Modeling Extension
Required
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Comprehensive Problem Solution
Rea Diagram of Expenditure Cycle for Fred’s Train Shop
1 Identify Events
2 Identify Resources and Agents
3 Determine Cardinalities of Relationships
Step 1: Specify Event–Agent Relationship Cardinalities
Step 2: Specify Event–Resource Relationship Cardinalities
Step 3: Specify Event–Event Relationship Cardinalities
Chapter 20 Implementing an REA Model in a Relational Database
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case Fred’s Train Shop
Introduction
Integrating REA Diagrams Across Cycles
Merging Redundant Resource Entities
Merging Redundant Event Entities
Validating the Accuracy of Integrated REA Diagrams
Implementing an REA Diagram in a Relational Database
Step 1: Create Tables for Each Distinct Entity and M:N Relationship
Step 2: Assign Attributes to Each Table
Identify Primary Keys
Assign Other Attributes to Appropriate Tables
Price and Cost Data
Cumulative and Calculable Data
Step 3: Use Foreign Keys to Implement 1:1 and 1:N Relationships
Using Foreign Keys to Implement 1:1 Relationships
Using Foreign Keys to Implement 1:N Relationships
Completeness Check
Using REA Diagrams to Retrieve Information from a Database
Creating Journals and Ledgers
Deriving Journals from Queries
Ledgers
Generating Financial Statements
Creating Managerial Reports
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Term
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Comprehensive Problem
Trailspan Travel Club
Required
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 20-1 Practical Database Design
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Comprehensive Problem Solution
Explanation of Relationships and Cardinalities
Chapter 21 Special Topics in REA Modeling
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case Paul Stone, Consulting
Introduction
Additional Revenue and Expenditure Cycle Modeling Topics
Additional Revenue Cycle Events and Attribute Placement
Additional Expenditure Cycle Events and Attribute Placement
Sale of Services
Acquisition of Intangible Services
Digital Assets
Rental Transactions
Additional REA Features
Employee Roles
M:N Agent–Event Relationships
Locations
Relationships Between Resources and Agents
Production Cycle REA Model
Additional Entities—Intellectual Property
Production Cycle Events
New REA Feature
Combined HR/Payroll Data Model
HR Cycle Entities
Tracking Employees’ Time
Financing Activities Data Model
Summary and Case Conclusion
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 21-1 Practical Database Assignment
Required
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Appendix: Extending the REA Model to Include Information About Policies
Part VI The Systems Development Process
Chapter 22 Introduction to Systems Development and Systems Analysis
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case Shoppers Mart
Introduction
Systems Development
The Systems Development Life Cycle
Systems Analysis
Conceptual Design
Physical Design
Implementation and Conversion
Operations and Maintenance
The Players
Management
Users
Information Systems Steering Committee
Project Development Team
Systems Analysts and Programmers
External Players
Planning Systems Development
Planning Techniques
Feasibility Analysis
Capital Budgeting: Calculating Economic Feasibility
Behavioral Aspects of Change
Why Behavioral Problems Occur
How People Resist Change
Aggression
Projection
Avoidance
Preventing Behavioral Problems
Systems Analysis
Initial Investigation
Systems Survey
Feasibility Study
Information Needs and Systems Requirements
Systems Analysis Report
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Comprehensive Problem
Required
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 22-1 Audio Visual Corporation
Bill Taylor, is Manager, and Jerry Adams, Plant Manager
Jerry Adams, Plant Manager and Terry Williams, Human Resources Manager
Answer the Following Questions:
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Comprehensive Problem Solution
1 Payback
2 Net Present Value
3 Internal Rate of Return
Chapter 23 AIS Development Strategies
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case Shoppers Mart
Introduction
Purchasing Software
Selecting a Vendor
Acquiring Hardware and Software
Evaluating Proposals and Selecting a System
Development by In-House Information Systems Departments
End-User-Developed Software
Advantages and Disadvantages of End-User Computing
Managing and Controlling End-User Computing
Outsourcing the System
Advantages and Disadvantages of Outsourcing
Methods for Improving Systems Development
Business Process Management
Internal Controls in a Business Process Management System
Prototyping
When to Use Prototyping
Advantages of Prototyping
Disadvantages of Prototyping
Agile Methodologies
Scrum
Extreme Programming
Unified Process
Computer-Aided Software Engineering
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Comprehensive Problem
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 23-1 Wong Engineering Corp.
Required
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Comprehensive Problem Solution
Purchasing Software
Developing the System In-House
Outsourcing the System
What the FTC DID
Chapter 24 Systems Design, Implementation, and Operation
Learning Objectives
Integrative Case Shoppers Mart
Introduction
Conceptual Systems Design
Evaluate Design Alternatives
Prepare Design Specifications and Reports
Physical Systems Design
Output Design
File and Database Design
Input Design
Form Design
Computer Screen Design
Program Design
Procedures and Controls Design
Systems Implementation
Implementation Planning and Site Preparation
Selecting and Training Personnel
Complete Documentation
Testing the System
Systems Conversion
Operation and Maintenance
Summary and Case Conclusion
Key Terms
AIS in Action
Chapter Quiz
Comprehensive Problem
Required
Discussion Questions
Problems
Case 24-1 Citizen’s Gas Company
Required
AIS in Action Solutions
Quiz Key
Comprehensive Problem Solution
Conceptual Design
Physical Design
Systems Implementation
System Conversion
Glossary
Index
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D
E
F
G
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J
K
L
M
N
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P
Q
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T
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V
W
X
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