MTC10 0103 Q1 FD

Unit 1: Arithmetic Sequences and Series • Grade 10
Lesson 3
Arithmetic Series
Table of Contents
Learning Competencies 2
Learning Objectives 2
Suggested Time Frame 2
Essential Questions 2
Prerequisite Skills and Topics 3
Lesson Proper 3
- A. Introduction 3
- B. Discussion 5
- C. Practice and Feedback 10
Performance Assessment 20
Synthesis 28
Bibliography 29
Copyright © 2019 Quipper Limited

1
Unit 1 | Arithmetic Sequences and Series

Lesson 3: Arithmetic Series
Learning Competencies
The learner
• finds the sum of the terms of a given arithmetic sequence [M10AL-Ic-2]; and
• solves problems involving (arithmetic) sequences [M10AL-If-2].
Learning Objectives
At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to

• accurately differentiate an arithmetic series from arithmetic sequence;
• correctly solve for the sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic sequence; and
• correctly solve real-life problems involving arithmetic series.
Suggested Time Frame

2 hours1
Essential Questions
At the end of this lesson, the student should be able to answer the following questions:
• How will you determine the necessary variables needed to solve for the first n terms
of an arithmetic series?
• How will you solve for the sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic series?
1
Suggested time frame is based on the DepEd calendar for A.Y. 2018-2019 and the curriculum guide for mathematics (August
2016 version).

2
Prerequisite Skills and Topics
Skills:
• Determining the first n terms of an arithmetic sequence
• Determining the nth term of an arithmetic sequence
• Determining the common difference of an arithmetic sequence
Topics:
• Math 10 Unit 1: Arithmetic Sequences and Series | Lesson 1: Sequences and Series
• Math 10 Unit 1: Arithmetic Sequences and Series | Lesson 2: Arithmetic Sequences
Lesson Proper
A. Introduction
Suggested Warm-up Activities
Choose from any of the following warm-up activities. These warm-up activities should
either stimulate recall of previous lesson or introduce the lesson.
Activity 1: Duration: 5 minutes

Quick Count!
Materials Needed: none
In this activity, students will Methodology:

recount one of the famous 1. Ask the students that in 1 minute, add all the
stories in Mathematics that numbers from 1 to 100.
involves arithmetic series. • If there are students who were able to add
the numbers correctly, ask them what
strategy they did to add the numbers
correctly.
2. After adding, recall to the students the story on
how Carl Friedrich Gauss added these numbers

3
quickly and correctly.

• The story can be found in the study guide.
Expected Results:
The sum of all the numbers from 1 to 100 is 5 050.The
students should not be able to add all of the numbers.
Guide Questions:
1. Is it difficult to add all of the numbers correctly?
2. Aside from Gauss’ strategy, can you think of other
strategies in adding all of the numbers correctly?
Activity 2: Duration: 10 minutes

Show Me the Sequence!
Materials Needed: colored paper, marker
This activity will give Methodology:

students an insight on 1. Ask the class to form groups with 8 members per
arithmetic series by finding group. Each member of the group is holding a
the sum of the first 8 terms colored paper.
of an arithmetic sequence. 2. Ask each group to think of an arithmetic sequence
with 8 terms. Write this sequence in the colored
papers—one term for each colored paper.
3. Group will take turns in presenting their sequence
in class. Once a group presents their sequence, the
class with determine the sum of the terms of the
sequence.
4. Repeat the process until all groups are able to
present their sequences.
Expected Results:
Each group will present their arithmetic sequence in front
of the class. The class should be able to determine the
sum of the terms of the sequence.

4
Guide Questions:
1. How were you able to come up with an arithmetic
sequence?
2. What strategy did you use to determine the sum of
the terms of the arithmetic sequence?
Teacher’s Notes
A suggested warm-up activity with ICT integration is available in the presentation file
that you can download through this link:
https://drive.google.com/open?id=1CDJhKEfw2RiIEKEi09pubk5jt87sLo-E
B. Discussion
Teacher’s Notes
An alternative way of presenting the following discussion is through the video lecture
included in your Quipper Video subscription package. Just log in to your teacher
account at www.link.quipper.com and assign your students the corresponding video
lecture which they can watch either at home or in the classroom.
Suggested Instructional Flow
1. Define and Discover
• Arithmetic series – the sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic sequence,

written as 𝑆" = 𝑎% + 𝑎' + 𝑎( + ⋯ + 𝑎"
Example:
The sum of the first five terms of the arithmetic series 1 + 3 + 5 + ⋯ is
𝑆- = 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9
= 25

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• Sum of the First 𝒏 Terms of an Arithmetic Series – the arithmetic series
𝑎% + 𝑎' + ⋯ + 𝑎" can be solved using the following formula
𝑛
𝑆" = (𝑎 + 𝑎" )
2 %
Alternatively, another formula can be used to solve for the first n terms of an
arithmetic series.
𝑛
𝑆" = [2𝑎% + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
Example:
The sum of the first ten positive integers can be solved using the arithmetic
series. Given that 𝑎% = 1, 𝑎%: = 10 and 𝑛 = 1, it follows that
𝑛
𝑆" = (𝑎 + 𝑎" )
2 %
10
𝑆%: = (1 + 10)
2
= 55
2. Develop and Demonstrate
The following examples may be used in the discussion.
Teacher’s Notes
Use the Try It! slides of the corresponding presentation file to present the worked
examples. You may also refer to the worked examples provided in the study
guide for varieties.
Example 1: Find the sum of the terms of an arithmetic series

given that 𝑎% = 6, 𝑎" = 82, and 𝑛 = 20.
Solution/Explanation: In the given example, the variables 𝑎% , 𝑎" and 𝑛 are

"
given. We can use the formula 𝑆" = (𝑎% + 𝑎" ) to solve
'
for the sum of the terms of the arithmetic series.

6
𝑛
𝑆" = (𝑎 + 𝑎" )
2 %
Substituting 𝑎% = 6, 𝑎" = 82, and 𝑛 = 20, we get

20
𝑆': = (6 + 82)
2
= 10(88)
= 880
Therefore, the sum of the terms of the given

arithmetic series is 880.
Example 2: Find the sum of the first 20 terms of the arithmetic

sequence 3, 5, 7, 9, …
Solution/Explanation: 1. Determine the necessary variables in the given

arithmetic sequence.
It can be observed that the first term of the

sequence is 𝑎% = 3. Also, since we would like to
determine the sum of the first 20 terms of the
arithmetic sequence, it follows that 𝑛 = 20.
Next, we should determine the common

difference of the arithmetic sequence. This is
obtained by subtracting the two consecutive
terms of the sequence.
𝑑 = 𝑎"@% − 𝑎"
Since 𝑎' = 5 and 𝑎% = 3, it follows that
𝑑 = 𝑎' − 𝑎%
= 5 − 3
=2

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2. Determine the sum of the arithmetic series.
Since we know that values of the variables 𝑎% ,

𝑛, and 𝑑, then we can solve the sum of the first
20 terms of the arithmetic series using the
formula below
𝑛
𝑆" = [2𝑎% + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
Substitute 𝑛 = 20, 𝑎% = 3, and 𝑑 = 2, we get
20
𝑆': = [2(3) + (20 − 1)2]
2
= 10[6 + (19)2]
= 10[6 + 38]
= 10[44]
= 440
Thus, the sum of the first 20 terms of the arithmetic

sequence 3, 5, 7, 9, … is 440.
Example 3: Find the sum of all integers between 9 and 56 that are
divisible by 5.
Solution/Explanation: We should determine the sequence first so that we

will have an easier time determining the necessary
variables in solving for the arithmetic series.
1. Determine some of the terms of the sequence.
The first integer of the sequence is 10 since it is

greater than 9 and it is divisible by 5. The next
number is 15. The next terms that come after
that can be obtained by adding 5 to the
previous term. The last term of the sequence is
55. Thus, the sequence is

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10, 15, 20, 25, … , 55
2. Determine the necessary variables in the given

From the given sequence, it can be seen that

the first term is 𝑎% = 10. Also, the common
difference is 𝑑 = 5 since these are numbers
which are divisible by 5. Finally, the last term is
𝑎" = 55.
To determine the number of terms 𝑛, we can

use the formula of the nth term of an
𝑎" = 𝑎% + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
Substitute 𝑎" = 55, 𝑎% = 10, and 𝑑 = 5 in order

to solve for 𝑛.
55 = 10 + (𝑛 − 1)5
55 = 10 + 5𝑛 − 5
55 = 5 + 5𝑛
50 = 5𝑛
10 = 𝑛
𝑛 = 10
Since we know the values of the variables 𝑎% ,

𝑎" , and 𝑛, we can solve for the sum of the
terms of the arithmetic series using the
formula below
𝑛
𝑆" = (𝑎 + 𝑎" )
2 %

9
Substituting 𝑛 = 10, 𝑎% = 10 and 𝑎" = 55, we

get
10
𝑆%: = (10 + 55)
2
= 5(65)
= 325
Therefore, the sum of all integers between 9 and 56

that are divisible by 5 is 325.
C. Practice and Feedback
Teacher’s Notes
Use the Let’s Practice! slides of the corresponding presentation file to present the
questions for practice. You may also refer to the Try It Yourself! questions provided in
the study guide for varieties.
For individual practice

1. Ask the students to answer the following problem items individually using pen and
paper.
2. Give students enough time to answer the problem items.
3. Call a random student to show his or her work on the board afterward.
4. Let the student share how he or she comes up with his or her solution.
5. Inform the student the accuracy of his answer and solution, and in the case when
there is some sort of misconception, lead the student to the right direction to find
the correct answer.
Problem 1: Find the sum of the first 10 terms of the arithmetic sequence
𝑥 + 2, 2𝑥 + 5, 3𝑥 + 8, 4𝑥 + 11, …
Solution/Explanation: 1. Determine the necessary variables in the given

The first term of the arithmetic sequence is 𝑎% = 𝑥 + 2.

10
Since we are looking for the sum of the first 10 terms,

it follows that 𝑛 = 10.
We can determine the value of the common

difference if we subtract two consecutive terms of the
sequence.
𝑑 = 𝑎"@% − 𝑎"
Since 𝑎' = 2𝑥 + 5 and 𝑎% = 𝑥 + 2, it follows that
𝑑 = 𝑎' − 𝑎%
= (2𝑥 + 5) − (𝑥 + 2)
= 2𝑥 + 5 − 𝑥 − 2
=𝑥+3
Thus, 𝑑 = 𝑥 + 3.
Since we know the values of 𝑎% , 𝑛, and 𝑑, we can solve

for the sum of the terms of the arithmetic series using
the formula below
𝑛
𝑆" = [2𝑎% + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
Substitute 𝑛 = 10, 𝑎% = 𝑥 + 2 and 𝑑 = 𝑥 + 3 to the

formula to solve for the sum of the first 10 terms.
10
𝑆%: = [2(𝑥 + 2) + (10 − 1)(𝑥 + 3)]
2
= 5[2𝑥 + 4 + 9(𝑥 + 3)]
= 5[2𝑥 + 4 + 9𝑥 + 27]
= 5[11𝑥 + 31]
= 55𝑥 + 155
Therefore, the sum of the first 10 terms of the arithmetic

sequence 𝑥 + 2, 2𝑥 + 5, 3𝑥 + 8, 4𝑥 + 11, … is 55𝑥 + 155.

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Problem 2: The 3rd term of an arithmetic sequence is −6 and its 6th

term is 9. Write the first 8 terms of the sequence and find its
sum.
Solution/Explanation: 1. Determine the common difference of the sequence.
The sequence above shows that 𝑎( = −6 and 𝑎C = 9.

Using these, we can determine the common
difference of the sequence.
Note that in order to get 𝑎D , you have to add 𝑎( by 𝑑.
𝑎D = 𝑎( + 𝑑
If we add another 𝑑, we will get 𝑎- .
𝑎- = 𝑎( + 𝑑 + 𝑑
𝑎- = 𝑎( + 2𝑑
Finally, adding another 𝑑 would give us 𝑎C .
𝑎C = 𝑎( + 2𝑑 + 𝑑
𝑎C = 𝑎( + 3𝑑
Using this equation, we can solve for 𝑑.
𝑎C = 𝑎( + 3𝑑
9 = −6 + 3𝑑
9 + 6 = 3𝑑
15 = 3𝑑
5 = 𝑑
𝑑=5
2. Determine the first term of the sequence.
Using 𝑑, we can solve for 𝑎% .

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From 𝑎( , we can determine the value of 𝑎' by

subtracting it by 𝑑.
𝑎' = 𝑎( − 𝑑
By subtracting it again by 𝑑, we will get the value of 𝑎% .
𝑎% = 𝑎( − 𝑑 − 𝑑
𝑎% = 𝑎( − 2𝑑
We can solve for 𝑎% by substituting 𝑎( = −6 and 𝑑 = 5.
𝑎% = −6 − 2(5)
= −6 − 10
= −16
3. Write the first 8 terms of the sequence.
Since 𝑎% = −16 and 𝑑 = 5, we can determine the next

8 terms of the arithmetic sequence.
−16, −11, −6, −1, 4, 9, 14, 19
4. Determine the sum of the first 8 terms of the

sequence.
It can be observed that 𝑎% = −16 and 𝑎E = 19. Since

𝑛 = 8, we can solve for the sum of the terms of the
arithmetic sequence as follows.
𝑛
𝑆" = (𝑎 + 𝑎" )
2 %
Substitute 𝑎% = −16, 𝑎E = 19 and 𝑛 = 8, we will get
8
𝑆E = (−16 + 19)
2

13
= 4(3)
= 12
Therefore, the sum of the first 8 terms of the given arithmetic

sequence is 12.
Problem 3: Find 𝑎% and 𝑛 in an arithmetic sequence, given 𝑎" = 61, 𝑑 = 6,

and 𝑆" = 336.
Solution/Explanation: 1. Express 𝑎% in terms of 𝑛.
The values of 𝑆" , 𝑎" and 𝑑 are given. In order to

express 𝑎% in terms of 𝑛, we can use this formula
𝑎" = 𝑎% + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
Substitute 𝑑 = 6 and 𝑎" = 61, we will get
61 = 𝑎% + (𝑛 − 1)6
61 = 𝑎% + 6𝑛 − 6
67 = 𝑎% + 6𝑛
67 − 6𝑛 = 𝑎%
𝑎% = 67 − 6𝑛
2. Solve for 𝑛.
In order to determine the value of 𝑛, we can use the

following formula
𝑛
𝑆" = (𝑎 + 𝑎" )
2 %
Substituting 𝑎% = 67 − 6𝑛 and 𝑆" = 336, we will get
𝑛
336 = [(67 − 6𝑛) + 61]
2
672 = 𝑛(67 − 6𝑛 + 61)

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672 = 𝑛(128 − 6𝑛)

672 = 128𝑛 − 6𝑛'
6𝑛' − 128𝑛 + 672 = 0
3𝑛' − 64𝑛 + 336 = 0
(3𝑛 − 28)(𝑛 − 12) = 0

3𝑛 − 28 = 0
3𝑛 = 28
28
𝑛=
3

𝑛 − 12 = 0
𝑛 = 12
Since 𝑛 should be a positive integer, it follows that

𝑛 = 12.
3. Solve for 𝑎% .
Substitute 𝑛 = 12 to 𝑎% = 67 − 6𝑛 in order to
determine the value of 𝑎% .
𝑎% = 67 − 6𝑛
= 67 − 6(12)
= 67 − 72
= −5
Thus, 𝑎% = −5 and 𝑛 = 12.
For group practice

1. Ask the students to form a minimum of 2 groups to a maximum of 5 groups.
2. Each group will answer problem items 4 and 5. These questions are meant to test
students’ higher-order thinking skills by working collaboratively with their peers.
3. Give students enough time to analyze the problem and work on their solution.
4. Ask each group to assign a representative to show their solution on the board and
discuss as a group how they come up with their solution.
5. Inform the student the accuracy of his answer and solution, and in the case when
there is some sort of misconception, give the student opportunity to work with
15
his/her peers to re-analyze the problem, and then lead them to the right direction to
find the correct answer.
Problem 4: The drama club of a school will stage a benefit play for the
victims of the recent typhoon. There are 20 rows of seats in
the school auditorium: 25 seats are in the 1st row, 27 seats
on the 2nd row, 29 seats on the 3rd row, and so on. If the
club plans to give complimentary tickets on the last row, how
many complimentary tickets will they give? How much is the
seating capacity of the school auditorium?
Solution/Explanation: 1. Express the number of seats as an arithmetic

sequence.
Note that the sequence goes up to 𝑎': only since

there are only 20 rows of seats.
25, 27, 29, …

The first term of the sequence is 𝑎% = 25. Since there

are 20 rows of seats, it follows that 𝑛 = 20.
To determine the common difference, we can subtract

the two consecutive terms of the arithmetic sequence.
𝑑 = 𝑎"@% − 𝑎"
Since 𝑎' = 27 and 𝑎% = 25, we can use them to solve

for the common difference.
𝑑 = 𝑎' − 𝑎%
= 27 − 25
=2
3. Determine the number of seats that will receive

complimentary tickets.

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The last row, 𝑎': will be given complimentary tickets.

To determine 𝑎': , we can use the following formula
𝑎" = 𝑎% + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
Substitute 𝑎% = 25, 𝑛 = 20, and 𝑑 = 2 in order to get

𝑎': .
𝑎': = 25 + (20 − 1)2

= 25 + (19)2
= 25 + 38
= 63
The last row contains 63 seats. It follows that 63 seats

will receive complimentary tickets.
4. Determine the seating capacity of the auditorium.
The seating capacity of the auditorium can be

determined by adding all 20 terms of the arithmetic
sequence using the following formula
𝑛
𝑆" = (𝑎 + 𝑎" )
2 %
Substituting 𝑛 = 20, 𝑎% = 25, and 𝑎': = 63, we get
20
𝑆': = (25 + 63)
2
= 10(88)
= 880
Thus, the school auditorium has a seating capacity of

800 seats.
Problem 5: Several logs are stacked in pile waiting to be sold. The

bottom row has 12 logs and each row upward has one less
than the lower row. If there are five rows of logs and each log
is sold for ₱500, how much is the total cost of the logs?
Solution/Explanation: Let us first determine how many logs are there in the stack

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before we can determine how much is the total cost of the

logs.

The stack contains 5 rows of logs. Thus, it follows that

𝑛 = 5.
The bottom row contains 12 logs. This means that

𝑎% = 12. If each row upward has one less log than the
lower low, then it means that 𝑎' = 11.
Using 𝑎% = 12 and 𝑎' = 11, we can determine the

common difference of the sequence.
𝑑 = 𝑎' − 𝑎%
= 11 − 12
= −1
2. Determine the number of logs in the stack.
In the given sequence, we know the values of 𝑎% , 𝑛,

and 𝑑. Thus, we can solve for the sum of the terms of
the arithmetic sequence using the formula below
𝑛
𝑆" = [2𝑎% + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑]
2
Substituting 𝑛 = 5, 𝑑 = −1, and 𝑎% = 12, we will get
5
𝑆- = [2(12) + (5 − 1)(−1)]
2
5
= [24 + 4(−1)]
2
5
= [24 − 4]
2

18
5
= [20]
2
100
=
2
= 50
It follows that the stack contains 50 logs.
3. Determine the price of the logs.
Since each log costs ₱500, then it follows that the total
costs of the logs is 50 logs × ₱500 = ₱25 000.
Web Box
For further readings, you can check on the following link:
• For more discussion about arithmetic sequences and series, visit the following
webpage:
Pierce, Rod. "Arithmetic Sequences and Sums". Math Is Fun. Retrieved 18 Feb
2019 from http://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/sequences-sums-arithmetic.html
• Arithmetic sequences and series can be applied in various ways, some of which
can be seen in the following webpage:
eMathZone. “Application of Arithmetic Sequence and Series”. Retrieved 19 Feb
2019 from https://www.emathzone.com/tutorials/algebra/application-of-
arithmetic-sequence-and-series.html

19
Performance Assessment
This performance assessment serves as formative assessment, divided into three sets
based on student’s level of learning. See next pages for separate printable worksheets.
• Worksheet I (for beginners)
• Worksheet II (for average learners)
• Worksheet III (for advanced learners)
Teacher’s Notes
For a standard performance assessment regardless of the student’s level of learning,
you may give the problem items provided in the Check Your Understanding section of
the study guide.

20
Worksheet I
A. Find 𝑆" of the following arithmetic series. (5 points)

1. 𝑎% = −5, 𝑎" = −54, 𝑛 = 10 2. 𝑎% = 2, 𝑎" = 100, 𝑛 = 15
3. 𝑎% = −6, 𝑎" = 147, 𝑛 = 18 4. 𝑎% = −15, 𝑎" = 99, 𝑛 = 20
5. 𝑎% = 25, 𝑎" = 70, 𝑛 = 16 6.𝑎% = −𝑥, 𝑎" = 21𝑥, 𝑛 = 12
B. Find the sum of the first 𝑛 terms of the following arithmetic sequences. (8 points)
1. Find the sum of the first 25 terms of 15, 26, 37, 48, …
2. Find the sum of the first 16 terms of −18, −12, −6, 0, …
3. Find the sum of the first 30 terms of −4.5, −1.5, 1.5, 4.5, …

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4. Find the sum of the first 15 terms of 2𝑥 + 3, 3𝑥 + 1, 4𝑥 − 1, 5𝑥 − 3, …
C. Analyze and answer the given problems. (10 points)
1. An employee’s initial monthly salary is ₱16 000 plus commission. If the

employee generated a commission of ₱900 on the first month, ₱1 200 on the
second month, ₱1 500 on the third month, ₱1 800 on the fourth, and so on, how
much commission would he have at the end of one year? How much is the total
commission in one year?
Solution and answer:
2. A school auditorium has 10 rows of seats. The first row has 20 seats. If every
next row has two more seats than the preceding row, how much is the seating
capacity of the auditorium?

22
Worksheet II
A. Find the sum of the first n terms of the following arithmetic sequences. (10 points)
1. Find 𝑆': of the arithmetic sequence −8, 1, 10, 19, …
2. Find 𝑆(: of the arithmetic sequence 4, 10, 16, 22, …
3. Find 𝑆%C of the arithmetic sequence 5, 1, −3, −7, …
4. Find 𝑆(C of the arithmetic sequence 12, 23, 34, 45, …
% ( % %
5. Find 𝑆%E of the arithmetic sequence D , D , 1 D , 1 ' , …
B. Analyze and answer the given problems. (10 points)
1. Find the sum of the first 100 positive odd integers.

23
2. How many consecutive terms starting from the first term of the arithmetic
sequence −4, 5, 14, 23, … will give a sum of 1 016?
3. Mrs. De Leon suggested that each student start reading a certain book for 3
pages. She then asked to increase the number of pages by 2 every day. How
many pages will each student have read in one week?
4. Patricia decided to lose some weight and train in a gym. On the first week, she
trained for one hour and decided to increase her training every week by 30
minutes. What is her total number of training hours at the end of one month?
5. Ronnie devised a saving scheme for one month. He started with ₱20 on June 1.
On the next day, he saved ₱25, ₱30 on the 3rd day, ₱35 on the 4th day, and so
on. If this saving scheme continues, how much will Ronnie have at the end of
the month?

24
Worksheet III
A. Write T on the blank if the statement is true. If the statement is false, change the
underlined word to make the sentence true. (5 points)
_____________ 1. The sum of the first 10 terms of the arithmetic sequence

−12, −3, 6, 15, … is 570.
_____________ 2. If the sum of the first 12 terms of an arithmetic sequence is 360, the
first term is 8, and the common difference is 4, then the last term
must be 56.
_____________ 3. The 𝑛th term of an arithmetic sequence with 𝑎% as its first term and
𝑑 as its common difference is given by the equation
"
𝑎" = 𝑎% + 𝑛(𝑑 − 1) and its sum 𝑆" = (𝑎% + 𝑎" ).
'
_____________ 4. If 𝑎% = 5 and 𝑎( = 19 in an arithmetic sequence, then 𝑆'- = 2225.
_____________ 5. If 1 is an arithmetic mean between -17 and 19, then 𝑆%: = 640.
B. Analyze and answer the given problems. (15 points)
1. Find the sum of the first 100 terms in the arithmetic sequence −4, −1, 2, 5, …
2. Find the sum of the first 25 terms of an arithmetic sequence whose 3rd term is 4
and 7th term is 28.

25
3. The 5th term of an arithmetic sequence is 9 and its 8th term is 21. Find the sum
of the its first 50 terms.
4. At a wedding reception, the staircase is decorated with white roses. The top step
has 30 roses and the number of flowers increase by 5 with each step down. How
many roses are needed if there are 15 steps in the staircase?
5. Leobert’s computer shop opened with 15 members. He noticed that there is an

increase of 7 new members each month for 4 months. If the number of
membership continues, how many members would he have in one year? If he
charges ₱200 for membership, how much would he generate in one year?

26
Answer Key
Worksheet I
A.
1. -295
2. 765
3. 1269
4. 840
5. 760
6. 120𝑥
B.
1. 3675
2. 432
3. 1170
4. 135𝑥 − 165
C.
1. ₱4 200, ₱30 600
2. 290
Worksheet II
A.
1. 1550
2. 2730
3. -400
4. 7362
5. 81
B.
1. 10000
2. 16
3. 63 pages
4. 7 hours
5. ₱2550

27
Worksheet III
A.
1. 285
2. 52
3. 𝑎" = 𝑎% + (𝑛 − 1)𝑑
4. T
5. T
B.
1. 14450
2. 1600
3. 4550
4. 975
5. ₱18 400 for 92 members
Synthesis
Wrap-up To summarize the lesson, ask students the following

questions:
1. How would you differentiate an arithmetic sequence
and an arithmetic series?
2. How do you solve for the sum of the first n terms of
an arithmetic series?
Application and Values To integrate values and build connection to the real world,
Integration ask students the following questions:
1. What are the difficulties you encountered while
dealing with arithmetic series?
2. How important is the knowledge of arithmetic series
in your daily life as a student?
Bridge to the Next Topic To spark interest for the next lesson, ask students the
following questions:
1. How can you determine the nth term of a sequence
that is not arithmetic?
2. It is possible to find the sum of the first 𝑛 terms of a
series even if it is not arithmetic?

28
Bibliography
Jose-Dilao, Soledad. Integrated Mathematics. Quezon City: JTW Corporation, 2001.
Lopez, Alexander G., et al. Conceptual Math and Beyond 10. Brilliant Creations Publishing,
Inc. 2014.
Pierce, Rod. (16 Jan 2018). "Arithmetic Sequences and Sums". Math Is Fun. Retrieved 18 Feb
2019 from http://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/sequences-sums-arithmetic.html

29

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Unit 1: Arithmetic Sequences and Series • Grade 10

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Unit 1 | Arithmetic Sequences and Series

At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to

Suggested Time Frame

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Prerequisite Skills and Topics

Suggested Warm-up Activities

Activity 1: Duration: 5 minutes

In this activity, students will Methodology:

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quickly and correctly.

Activity 2: Duration: 10 minutes

This activity will give Methodology:

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Suggested Instructional Flow

1. Define and Discover

• Arithmetic series – the sum of the first n terms of an arithmetic sequence,

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2. Develop and Demonstrate

The following examples may be used in the discussion.

Example 1: Find the sum of the terms of an arithmetic series

Solution/Explanation: In the given example, the variables 𝑎% , 𝑎" and 𝑛 are

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Substituting 𝑎% = 6, 𝑎" = 82, and 𝑛 = 20, we get

Therefore, the sum of the terms of the given

Example 2: Find the sum of the first 20 terms of the arithmetic

Solution/Explanation: 1. Determine the necessary variables in the given

It can be observed that the first term of the

Next, we should determine the common

Since 𝑎' = 5 and 𝑎% = 3, it follows that

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2. Determine the sum of the arithmetic series.

Since we know that values of the variables 𝑎% ,

Substitute 𝑛 = 20, 𝑎% = 3, and 𝑑 = 2, we get

Thus, the sum of the first 20 terms of the arithmetic

Solution/Explanation: We should determine the sequence first so that we

1. Determine some of the terms of the sequence.

The first integer of the sequence is 10 since it is

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10, 15, 20, 25, … , 55

2. Determine the necessary variables in the given

From the given sequence, it can be seen that

To determine the number of terms 𝑛, we can

Substitute 𝑎" = 55, 𝑎% = 10, and 𝑑 = 5 in order

3. Determine the sum of the arithmetic series.

Since we know the values of the variables 𝑎% ,

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Substituting 𝑛 = 10, 𝑎% = 10 and 𝑎" = 55, we

Therefore, the sum of all integers between 9 and 56

C. Practice and Feedback

For individual practice

Solution/Explanation: 1. Determine the necessary variables in the given

The first term of the arithmetic sequence is 𝑎% = 𝑥 + 2.

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Since we are looking for the sum of the first 10 terms,

We can determine the value of the common

Since 𝑎' = 2𝑥 + 5 and 𝑎% = 𝑥 + 2, it follows that

2. Determine the sum of the arithmetic series.

Since we know the values of 𝑎% , 𝑛, and 𝑑, we can solve

Substitute 𝑛 = 10, 𝑎% = 𝑥 + 2 and 𝑑 = 𝑥 + 3 to the

Therefore, the sum of the first 10 terms of the arithmetic

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