The Creation of the Cosmos

In the beginning, there was only fire, ice and a big void between them.

Eventually, ice and fire met in the middle, and water was created
when the ice melted.

This water took the shape of a giant, called Ymir, the first living being.

When Ymir slept, he started to sweat. His sweat also took the form of
giants. The race of the giants was born in this way.

One day, something else emerged from the melting ice: a god! His
name was Buri. He had a son named Borr. Borr had three sons,
including Odin.

Odin and his brothers didn’t like the giants because there were more
giants than gods. That was dangerous for the race of the gods.

So, one night, Odin and his brother killed Ymir while he was sleeping.
Then, Odin used Ymir’s giant corpse to create the world:

Ymir’s blood became the oceans, rivers, and lakes.

Ymir’s flesh became the land.

Ymir’s bones became the mountains.

Ymir’s teeth became the rocks.

Ymir’s hair became the grass and trees.

Ymir’s brain became the clouds.

Ymir’s skull became the sky.

After this, Odin created humans, dwarves and elves. For this reason,
Odin is also known as “The Allfather”, the father of all.

Extra activities:

1- Answer whether the following sentences are true or false. If they

are false, explain why.

a) The gods were the first race to populate the universe.

c) Odin and his brothers killed their father.

d) Humans, dwarves and elves emerged from the ice.

e) Ymir was small in size.

2- This text contains several examples of the use of past simple.

Examine the text and identify examples of the following aspects of
past simple:

a) Verb to be

b) Regular verbs with silent -ed ending

c) Regular verbs with voiced -ed ending

d) Irregular verbs

e) Negative
3- Using the examples of past simple from the previous exercise,
explain the following rules of past simple:

a) Conjugation of regular verbs in the past

b) Pronunciation of the -ed ending

c) Negation of past simple