The reservation system in India aims to provide opportunities for individuals belonging to

Scheduled Tribes (STs) and Scheduled Castes (SCs) by allocating seats or employment
specifically for them. This system is implemented in educational institutions, workplaces,
and other areas, guaranteeing a certain number of positions or opportunities for these
marginalized groups.

The reservation system has been in place since before independence and was devised by Dr.
Bhimrao Ambedkar. Initially implemented for a decade, it was later extended to address
societal discrimination. The specific sections in the Constitution of India that pertain to
reservation are Article 16 and Article 335, which emphasize equal treatment and non-
discrimination in employment and office under the state.

The current reservation percentages in India are 7.5% for Scheduled Tribes, 15% for
Scheduled Castes, 27% for Other Backward Classes, and 10% for Economically Weaker
Sections. Additionally, 3% of seats are allocated for differently-abled individuals. The
reservation system previously focused on caste-based disadvantage but now also recognizes
economic disadvantage.

Despite the positive outcomes of the reservation policy, such as providing opportunities and
enhancing representation, there are still obstacles and disparities. It is important to regularly
review and revise the reservation system and policies to ensure they are aligned with the
present socio-economic conditions of the country and to continue efforts in establishing
equal opportunities for all individuals.