Compressed - Math O Level Sample

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“Understanding O level Mathematics Study Pack”
About the publishing house

Dingani Publishers
Between 10th & 11th Avenue
Robert Mugabe, Bulawayo
1st Edition 2022

Cover Designed by: Dingani Publishers
Typesetting by: Dingani Publishers
Edited by: E.Mamwadi Makwara,E. Makoti,L. Mudimba, F Nyoni
Book coordinator: Flavian Makwara
Study Pack compiled by: L.S Zvakavapano
All rights reserved .No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by an information storage
and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Publisher. Inquiries should be
addressed to Dingani Publishers.
Printed by Dingani Publishers in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe
+263292270289 Dingani Bookshop

ii and Stationery
Contents
About the publishing house .......................................................................................................................... ii
Numbers, Time and Conversions .................................................................................................................. 6
Fractions...................................................................................................................................................... 14
Decimals ..................................................................................................................................................... 19
Percentages ................................................................................................................................................. 24
Ratios .......................................................................................................................................................... 27
Estimations & limits of accuracy ................................................................................................................ 33
Laws of indices ........................................................................................................................................... 36
Number bases .............................................................................................................................................. 41
Standard form.............................................................................................................................................. 44
Logarithms .................................................................................................................................................. 50
Substitution ................................................................................................................................................. 55
Expansion.................................................................................................................................................... 58
Factorisation................................................................................................................................................ 60
Algebraic fractions ...................................................................................................................................... 64
Linear equations .......................................................................................................................................... 68
Quadratic Equations .................................................................................................................................... 72
Simultaneous equations .............................................................................................................................. 75
Inequalities .................................................................................................................................................. 80
Change of subject........................................................................................................................................ 84
Functions ..................................................................................................................................................... 87
Matrices ...................................................................................................................................................... 90
Variation ..................................................................................................................................................... 96
Vectors ...................................................................................................................................................... 101
Sets ............................................................................................................................................................ 107
Probability ................................................................................................................................................. 111
SHAPES, LINES AND ANGLES ............................................................................................................ 116
Circle geometry......................................................................................................................................... 122

iii and Stationery
Olving triangles......................................................................................................................................... 127

Mensuration .............................................................................................................................................. 136
Construction .............................................................................................................................................. 143
Coordinate geometry ................................................................................................................................. 150
Travel graphs ............................................................................................................................................ 161
Functional graphs ...................................................................................................................................... 166
Linear programming ................................................................................................................................. 176
Transformation.......................................................................................................................................... 182
Statistics .................................................................................................................................................... 197

iv and Stationery
Numbers
NUMBERS, TIME AND CONVERSIONS

FRACTIONS
DECIMALS
PERCENTAGES
RATIOS
ESTIMATIONS
LIMITS OF ACCURACY
LAWS OF INDICES
NUMBER BASES
STANDARD FORM

v and Stationery
Numbers, Time and Conversions
Learners should be able to :

 identify types of numbers
 find factors and multiples of numbers
 find H.C.F. and L.C.M
 operate with directed numbers
 apply directed numbers to practical situations in life
 operate with fractions
 convert fractions to decimals
 convert fractions to percentages and vice versa
 carry out calculations involving percentages
 calculate squares and square roots
 calculate cubes and cube roots
 find simple interest
 perform arithmetic operations using order of operations
 identify rational and irrational numbers
 distinguish between rational and irrational numbers
 perform operations
 identify number patterns in a sequence
 solve problems involving irrational numbers
 calculate compound interest
 calculate commission

6 and Stationery
NOTES
i. Definitions:
a. Natural Numbers:
Numbers which are used for counting purpose are called natural numbers.
Ex: 1, 2, 3, 4, …100, …
b. Whole Numbers:
Natural numbers including 0 are called Whole Numbers.
Ex: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, …
c. Integers:
These are positive and negative whole numbers
integers.Ex.: -4, -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, …
d. Rational Numbers:
୮
Numbers which are in the form of (q ≠ 0) where p and q are positive or negative whole
୯
ଵ ଷ ହ
numbers are called rational numbers. Ex: ଶ Ǣ ସ Ǣ ଷ
e. Irrational Numbers:
Numbers like ξʹ , ߨ cannot be expressed as rational numbers. Such types of numbers are
called irrational numbers.
Ex: ξͷ , ξͳ͹ , …
f. Terminating Decimals :
These are decimal numbers which stop after a certain number of decimal places. For
଻
example, = 0.875, is a terminating decimal because it stops (terminates) after 3 decimal
଼
places.
g. Recurring Decimals
These are decimal numbers which keep repeating a digit or group of digits in a regular
ଵଷ଻
fashion; for example =0.528 957 528 957 528 957 ...., is a recurring decimal. The six
ଶହଽ
digits 528957 repeat in this order. Recurring decimals are written with dots over the first
and last digit of the repeating digits, e.g. 0.ͷሶ 28 95͹ሶ
h. Even numbers: numbers which are divisible by 2, eg, 2, 4, 6, 8, …

7 and Stationery
i. Odd numbers: numbers which are divisible by 2, and always leave a remainder of one eg; 1,
3, 5, 7 …
j. Real numbers are made up of all possible rational and irrational numbers.
k. A prime number is divisible only by itself and by one (1). 1 is not a prime number. It has only
two factors. 1 and the number itself.
l. A square number is the result of multiplying a number by itself.
Ex: ͳଶ ǡ ʹଶ ǡ ͵ଶ , …i.e. 1, 4, 9, …
m. A cube number is the result of multiplying a number by itself three times.
Ex: ͳଷ ǡ ʹଷ ǡ͵ଷ, … i.e. 1, 8, 27,…
n. The factors of a number are the numbers which divide exactly into .eg. Factors of 36 are 1, 2,
3, 4, 6, 9, 12, 18
o. Multiples of a number are the numbers in its times table. eg. Multiples of 6 are 6, 12, 18, 24,
30, …

8 and Stationery
ii. Operations Speed =

ୢ୧ୱ୲ୟ୬ୡୣ
୲୧୫ୣ
The order of operations follows the Time =
ୢ୧ୱ୲ୟ୬ୡୣ
ୱ୮ୣୣୢ
BODMAS rule: ୲୭୲ୟ୪ୢ୧ୱ୲ୟ୬ୡୣ
Average speed =
୲୭୲ୟ୪୲୧୫ୣ
Brackets
Of iv. Simple Interest:
Divide To find the interest:

୔ୖ୘
Multiply ݅= where
ଵ଴଴
Add P = money invested or borrowed
R = rate of interest per annum
Subtract T = Period of time (in years)
iii. Conversions:
To find the amount:
Length: ‫ ܲ = ܣ‬+ ‫ ܫ‬where A = amount
1 km = 1000 m
1 m = 100 cm v. Directed numbers
1 cm = 10 mm
 Numbers with same signs we
݉݉ means millimeter add and take the common sign
to the solution, for example;
ܿ݉ means centimeter
െʹ െ ͹ ൌ െͻ and
݉ means meter
;൅ͳ ൅ Ͷ ൌ ൅ͷ.
݇݉ means kilometer
 Numbers with different signs
we subtract and the answer will
Mass:
take the sign of the largest
1 kg = 1000 gm where kg means kilogram
value;
1 gm = 1000 mgm gm means gram
1 tonne = 1000 kg mgm means milligram െͶ ൅ ͻ ൌ ൅ͷ.
Volume:  ሺെ െሻ ൌ ൅ሺ൅ െሻ ൌ െ
1 litre = 1000 cଷ  ʹ െ െ͵ ൌ ʹ ൅ ͵ ൌ ͷ;
͹ ൅ െͶ ൌ ͹ െ Ͷ ൌ ͷ.
1 ଷ = 1000 litres
1 kilo litre = 1000 litre
 For multiplication and division
1 dozen = 12
 Like signs give a
positive answer,
Area:
 Unlike signs give a
1 ൌ ͳͲͲͲͲଶ
negative answer.
1ଶ ൌ ͳͲͲ
Examples
Time:
1. െʹሺͻ െ ൅ʹሻ ൅ ͵ െ ሺ͵ െ െʹሻ
1 hour = 60 minutes = 3600 seconds
ൌ െʹሺͻ െ ʹሻ ൅ ͵ െ ሺ͵ ൅ ʹሻ
1 minute = 60 seconds.
ൌ െʹ ൈ ͹ ൅ ͵ െ ͷ
1 day = 24 hours
ൌ െͳͶ ൅ ͵ െ ͷ
1 week = 7 days
1 leap year = 366 days ൌ െ14െͷ ൅ ͵
1 year = 12 months = 52 weeks ൌ െͳͻ ൅ ͵
ൌ െ16
Speed, Distance and Time: ሺିଷିି଼ሻିଶሺଽାିଵଵሻ
Distance = speed x time 2.
ାଷିିସ

9 and Stationery
ሺെ͵ ൅ ͺሻ െ ʹሺͻ െ ͳͳሻ ൅ͷ ൅ Ͷ
ൌ ൌ
൅͵ ൅ Ͷ ൅͹
൅ͷ െ ʹ ൈ െʹ ͻ
ൌ ൌ൅
൅͹ ͹
ʹ
ൌͳ
͹
QUESTION AND ANSWER
1. Given the range ʹͲ ൏ ൏ ͹Ͳlist

a) Prime numbers b. 20 liters in cubic centimetres
b) Perfect cubes ʹͲ ൈ ͳͲͲͲ
c) Perfect squares ʹͲͲͲͲଷ
2. ʹ െ ͸ ൈ ሺ͵ ൅ ʹሻ ൊ ʹ ൅ ͵ c. 408 hours in weeks and days
Ans ͶͲͺ
1. ʹͶ
ͳ͹
a. Prime numbers ൌ
ʹ͵
ʹ͵ǡ ʹͻǡ ͵ͳǡ͵͹ǡͶͳǡͶ͵ǡͶ͹ǡͷ͵ǡͷ͹ǡͷͻǡ͸ͳǡ͸͹Ǥ
4.
b. Perfect cubes ൌ ʹ͹ǡ ͸Ͷ
c. Perfect squares ʹͷǡ͵͸ǡͶͻǡ͸Ͷ a) Simplify ξͷͲ , leaving your
2. ʹ െ ͸ ൈ ሺ͵ ൅ ʹሻ ൊ ʹ ൅ ͵ answer in the form ξ.
ʹെ͸ൈͷൊʹ൅͵ b) Find in Ȁ , the rate at
ʹ െ ͸ ൈ ʹǡͷ ൅ ͵ which a car travels if it covers
ʹ െ ͳͷ ൅ ͵ 24 meters in a second.
െͳ͵ ൅ ͵ Ans
െͳͲ
a. ξͷͲ
3. Express
ൌ ξʹͷ ൈ ʹ
a) 5,3 ଶ in hectares
ൌ ͷξʹ
b) 20 liters in cubic centimetres
b. ʹͶm/s
c) 408 hours in weeks and days
ʹͶ
ൌ
ͳ
Ans ʹͶ

a. 5,3 ଶ in hectares ൌ ͳͲͲͲ
ͳ

ͷǡ͵ ൈ ͳͲͲ ͵͸ͲͲ
ͷ͵Ͳ

10 and Stationery
ʹͶ ͵͸ͲͲ g) ͳ ൅ ͵ଶ ൈ Ͷ െ ͵ ൈ ʹଷ
ൌ ൈ
ͳͲͲͲ ͳ ଼ାଽൈଷ
h)
ൌ ͺ͸ǡͶȀ ଺ିଵ
5. A motorist began a journey at 10 45.

Ans
The journey took him 2 hours 21
minutes. a) ʹ ൅ ͵ ൈ ͷ
a) Find the time when he arrived. ൌ ʹ ൅ ͳͷ
b) Given that he drove at an average ൌ ͳ͹
speed of 100km/h, calculate the b) ͸ ൅ ͵ଶ ൈ ʹ
distance that he drove. ൌ͸൅ͻൈʹ

ൌ ͸ ൅ ͳͺ
Ans ൌ ʹͶ
a. ͳͲͶͷ ൅ ʹʹͳ ൌ ͳʹ͸͸ ൌ

c) ʹͺ ൊ Ͷ ൈ ͵
ͳ͵Ͳ͸hrs
ൌ͹ൈ͵
b. ൌ ൈ
ൌ ʹͳ
ʹͳ
ൌ ͳͲͲ ൈ ʹ d) ሺͳ͹ െ ʹ ൅ ͷሻ ൊ Ͷ
͸Ͳ
ൌ ሺͳͷ ൅ ͷሻ ൊ Ͷ
ൌ ͳͲͲ ൈ ʹǡ͵ͷ
ൌ ʹͲ ൊ Ͷ
ൌ ʹ͵ͷ
6. Calculate the principal that earns $300 ൌͷ
simple interest at 5% per annum for 6 e) ͷͲ െ ͳ͸ ൊ ʹ ൅ ͸
years ൌ ͷͲ െ ͺ ൅ ͸
Answer ൌ ͷͲ ൅ ͸ െ ͺ
ൌ ͷ͸ െ ͺ
ൌ
ͳͲͲ ൌ Ͷͺ
ሾሺͷሻሺ͸ሻሿ f) ͶͲ ൊ ሺʹ ൅ ͵ ൈ ʹሻ
͵ͲͲ ൌ
ͳͲͲ
ൌ ͶͲ ൊ ሺʹ ൅ ͸ሻ
͵Ͳ ൌ ͵ͲͲͲͲ ‫ ׵‬ൌ ͳͲͲͲ
ൌ ͶͲ ൊ ͺ
7. Evaluate
ൌͷ
a) ʹ ൅ ͵ ൈ ͷ
g) ͳ ൅ ͵ଶ ൈ Ͷ െ ͵ ൈ ʹଷ
b) ͸ ൅ ͵ଶ ൈ ʹ
ൌͳ൅ͻൈͶെ͵ൈͺ
c) ʹͺ ൊ Ͷ ൈ ͵
ൌ ͳ ൅ ͵͸ െ ʹͶ
d) ሺͳ͹ െ ʹ ൅ ͷሻ ൊ Ͷ ൌ ͵͹ െ ʹͶ
e) ͷͲ െ ͳ͸ ൊ ʹ ൅ ͸ ൌ ͳ͵
f) ͶͲ ൊ ሺʹ ൅ ͵ ൈ ʹሻ
11 and Stationery
଼ାଽൈଷ
h)
଺ିଵ
ൌ͹
ͺ ൅ ʹ͹
ൌ
ͷ
͵ͷ
ൌ
ͷ
ሺെͻሻ െ ሺെͳͳሻ
8. Evaluate ൌ
െʹሺͶሻ
ିଷାହ
a. ିଶሺ଻ାିସሻ
െͻ ൅ ͳͳ
b. ሺെͶ ൅ െ͸ሻሺ͵ െ െʹሻ ൌ
c. ͵ െ ൅͵ሺെʹ െ ͳሻ െͺ
ʹ
Ans ൌ
ିଷାହ െͺ
a. ିଶሺ଻ାିସሻ
ʹ ͳ
ൌ ൌെ
െʹሺ͹ െ Ͷሻ Ͷ
ʹ
െʹ ൈ ͵ ሺିଷିିହሻିሺି଻ିିସሻ
10. Evaluate ሺିଶିିଵሻሺିଵସିିଵଽሻ
ʹ
ൌ
െ͸ Ans
ͳ ሺെ͵ െ െͷሻ െ ሺെ͹ െ െͶሻ
ൌെ ሺെʹ െ െͳሻሺെͳͶ െ െͳͻሻ
͵
b. ሺെͶ ൅ െ͸ሻሺ͵ െ െʹሻ ሺെ͵ ൅ ͷሻ െ ሺെ͹ ൅ Ͷሻ

ൌ
ൌ ሺെͶ െ ͸ሻሺ͵ ൅ ʹሻ ሺെʹ ൅ ͳሻሺെͳͶ ൅ ͳͻሻ
ൌ െͳͲ ൈ ͷ
ൌ െͷͲ ʹ െ െ͵
ൌ
െͳ ൈ ͷ
c. ͵ െ ൅͵ሺെʹ െ ͳሻ ͷ
ൌ
ൌ ͵ െ ͵ሺെ͵ሻ െͷ
ൌ͵൅ͻ
ൌ ͳʹ ൌ െͳ
9. Simplify as far as possible

ሺെͷ ൅ െͶሻ െ ሺʹ െ ൅ͳ͵ሻ 11. Simplify as far as possible
a) െʹሺ͹ െ ൅ͳʹሻሺെ͵ െ െͷሻ
െʹሺ͵ െ െͳሻ
Ans ሺଷିିସሻିሺଵିାଶሻାሺିଷିାଵሻ
ሺെͷ ൅ െͶሻ െ ሺʹ െ ൅ͳ͵ሻ b)
ିହିሾሺସିା଻ሻାሺିସିିସሻሿ
െʹሺ͵ െ െͳሻ Ans
a) െʹሺ͹ െ ൅ͳʹሻሺെ͵ െ െͷሻ
ሺെͷ െ Ͷሻ െ ሺʹ െ ͳ͵ሻ ൌ െʹሺ͹ െ ͳʹሻሺെ͵ ൅ ͷሻ
ൌ
െʹሺ͵ ൅ ͳሻ ൌ െʹ ൈ െͷ ൈ ʹ
ൌ ʹͲ

12 and Stationery
b)
ሺଷିିସሻିሺଵିାଶሻାሺିଷିାଵሻ 12. െʹሺͻ െ ൅ʹሻ ൅ ͵ െ ሺ͵ െ െʹሻ
ିହିሾሺସିା଻ሻାሺିସିିସሻሿ Ans
െʹሺͻ െ ൅ʹሻ ൅ ͵ െ ሺ͵ െ െʹሻ
ሺ͵ ൅ Ͷሻ െ ሺͳ െ ʹሻ ൅ ሺെ͵ െ ͳሻ
ൌ
െͷ െ ሾሺͶ െ ͹ሻ ൅ ሺെͶ ൅ Ͷሻሿ ൌ െʹሺͻ െ ʹሻ ൅ ͵ െ ሺ͵ ൅ ʹሻ
͹ െ െͳ ൅ െͶ ൌ െʹ ൈ ͹ ൅ ͵ െ ͷ
ൌ
െͷ െ ሾെ͵ ൅ Ͳሿ
ൌ െͳͶ ൅ ͵ െ ͷ
͹൅ͳെͶ
ൌ
െͷ ൅ ͵ ൌ െ14െͷ ൅ ͵
Ͷ ൌ െͳͻ ൅ ͵
ൌ
െʹ
ൌ െ16
ൌ െʹ

13 and Stationery
Fractions
 operate with fractions
 convert fractions to decimals
 convert fractions to percentages and vice versa
NOTES
 Fractions are rational numbers
ܽ
ܽǣ ܾ ൌ
ܾ
Where
ܽ is the numerator
ܾ is the denominator
 Types of fractions
݂݅ܽ݅‫ ܾ݄݊ܽݐݏݏ݈݁ݏ‬it’s a Proper fraction

͵ ͷ ͻ
Ǣ Ǣ ǥ
Ͷ ͹ ͳ͵
݂݅ܽ݅‫ ܾ݄݊ܽݐݎ݁ݐܽ݁ݎ݃ݏ‬its an Improper fraction

ͳ͹ ͷ ͻ
Ǣ Ǣ ǥ
ͻ ͵ ͷ
 Operations
Adding and subtracting fractions:
ܽܿ‫ݎ݋ݐܽ݊݅݉݋݊݁݀݊݋݉݉݋‬ሺ‫ܯܥܮ‬ሻ‫݀݁ݏݑܾ݈݁݀ݑ݋݄ݏ‬ǡ
‫ݎ݋ݐܽ݊݅݉݋݊݁݀݊݋݉݉݋݄ܿ݁ݐ݋ݐ݊݅݁݀݅ݒ݈݅݀݀ݑ݋݄ݏ݉ݎ݁ݐ݄݂ܿܽ݁݋ݎ݋ݐܽ݊݅݉݋݄݊݁݀݁ݐ‬
ܽ݊݀‫ݕ݂݈݅݌݉݅ݏ݄݊݁ݐ݀݊ܽݎ݋ݐܽݎ݁݉ݑ݄݊݁ݐ݄ݐ݅ݓݕ݈݌݅ݐ݈ݑ݉ݎ݁ݓݏ݄݊ܽ݁ݐ‬Ǥ
͵ ͳ
൅ͳ
ͷ ʹ
͵ ͵
ൌ ൅
ͷ ʹ
ʹሺ͵ሻ ൅ ͷሺ͵ሻ
ൌ
ͳͲ
͸ ൅ ͳͷ
ൌ
ͳͲ
ʹͳ
ൌ
ͳͲ
ͳ
ൌʹ
ͳͲ

14 and Stationery
Multiplying and dividing fractions:
݅݊‫݊݋݅ݐ݈ܽܿ݅݌݅ݐ݈ݑ݉݋ݐ݊݅ݐ݅ݐݎ݁ݒ݊݋ܿ݋ݐ݊݃݅ݏ݊݋݅ݏ݅ݒ݄݅݀݁ݐ݂݋݄݀ܽ݁ܽ݉ݎ݁ݐ݄݁ݐݐݎ݁ݒ‬
݄݂ܿ݁ܿ݇݅‫ݏ݉ݎ݋݂ݐݏ݈݁݌݉݅ݏݎ݄݅݁ݐ݋ݐݏ݁ݎݑ݂݄݃݅݁ݐ݁ܿݑ݀݁ݎ݊ܽܿݑ݋ݕ‬
݉‫ݏݎ݋ݐܽ݊݅݉݋݄݊݁݀݊݁ݐ݀݊ܽ݊ݓ݋ݎ݄݅݁ݐ݊݋ݏݎ݋ݐܽݎ݁݉ݑ݊ݕ݈݌݅ݐ݈ݑ‬Ǥ
ͳ ͳ
ͳ ൊʹ
ʹ Ͷ
͵ ͻ
ൌ ൊ
ʹ Ͷ
͵ Ͷ
ൌ ൈ
ʹ ͻ
ʹ
ൌ
͵
 BODMAS
‫ܵܣܯܦܱܤ݂݋݈݁ݑݎ݄݁ݐݓ݋݈݈݋݂݋ݐ݀݁ݏ݋݌݌ݑݏ݁ݎܽݑ݋ݕݏ݊݋݅ݐܿܽݎ݂ݕ݂݈݅݌݉݅ݏ݋ݐ‬
‫݁݀݅ݒ݄݅݀݊݁ݐݐݏݎ݂݅ݏݐ݁݇ܿܽݎܾ݊݅ݏ݉ݎ݁ݐ݄݁ݐݕ݂݈݅݌݉݅ݏ‬ǡ
݉‫ݐܿܽݎݐܾݑݏ݀݊ܽ݀݀ܽݕ݈ݐݏ݈ܽ݀݊ܽݕ݈݌݅ݐ݈ݑ‬
૛ ૚ ૛ ૛
൅ ൬૚ െ ൰ ൊ
૜ ૜ ૞ ૜
૛ ૝ ૛ ૛
൅൬ െ ൰ൊ
૜ ૜ ૞ ૜
૛ ૛૙ െ ૟ ૛
൅ ൊ
૜ ૚૞ ૜
૛ ૚૝ ૜
൅ ൈ
૜ ૚૞ ૛
૛ ૠ
൅
૜ ૞
૚૙ ൅ ૛૚
૚૞
૜૚
૚૞
૚
૛
૚૞

15 and Stationery
QUESTION AND ANSWER

ଶ ଵ
4. Find the exact value ofʹ ହ ൈ ʹ ଶ.
1. Calculate the exact value of
ͳ ͵ Sln
ʹ ൈ ʹ ͳ
͵ ͳͶ ʹ ൈ ʹ
Sln ͷ ʹ
ͳ ͵
ʹ ൈ ͳʹ ͷ
͵ ͳͶ ൌ ൈ
ͷ ʹ
͹ ͵
ൌ ൈ ൌ ͸
͵ ͳͶ
ͳ 5. Giving your answer as a common
ൌ fraction in its lowest terms, find the value
ʹ ଷ ଶ
of ସ െ ଻
ଵ ଶ
2. Evaluate ͸ ൈ giving your answer as an Sln
ସ ହ ͵ ʹ
improper fraction. െ
Sln Ͷ ͹
ͳ ʹ
͸ ൈ ʹͳ െ ͺ
Ͷ ͷ ൌ
ʹͺ
ʹͷ ʹ
ൌ ൈ ͳ͵
Ͷ ͷ ൌ
ʹͺ
ͷ ଶ ଷ
ൌ 6. Simplify െ , giving your answer as a
ʹ ଷ ସ
ͳ common fraction .
ൌ ʹ
ʹ Sln
ʹ ͵
3. Giving your answer as a common fraction െ
͵ Ͷ
in its lowest terms, find the value of
ଵ ଷ ͺെͻ
a. ൅ହ ൌ
ଷ
ସ ଵହ ͳʹ
b. ଵ଺
ହ
Sln ͳ
ଵ ଷ ൌെ
a. ଷ ൅ ହ ͳʹ
ͷ൅ͻ ଶ ଵଷ
ൌ 7. Express ͵ ହ െ ʹ ଶ଴ as a single fraction in its
ͳͷ
lowest terms.
ͳͶ Sln
ൌ ʹ ͳ͵
ͳͷ ͵ െʹ
ସ ଵହ
b. ͷ ʹͲ
ହ ଵ଺
Ͷ ͳͷ
ൌ ൈ ͳ͹ ͷ͵
ͷ ͳ͸ ൌ െ
ͷ ʹͲ
͵
ൌ ͸ͺ െ ͷ͵
Ͷ ൌ
ʹͲ

16 and Stationery
QUESTION AND ANSWER

ൌ ͺ͵ǡ͸͹
1. ܾሻ
a) Find the exact value of ඥͲǡͲ͹
i. ͷǡͶ ൈ ͲǡͲ͸
ii. ͳ͸ǡͷ െ Ͷǡͻ͸ ͹
ൌඨ
b) Express ͲǡͲͲͺͶ͹ͺ correct to ͳͲͲ
two decimal places.
ξ͹
Ans ൌ
a) ξͳͲͲ
i. ͷǡͶ
ʹǡ͸Ͷ͸
ൈ ͲǡͲ͸ ൌ
͵ʹͶ ͳͲ
ൌ Ͳǡ͵ʹͶ ൌ Ͳǡʹ͸Ͷ͸
ii.ͳ͸ǡͷͲ
4. Evaluate, giving your answer in
െͶǡͻ͸
decimal form, ͳǡͷͶͻ െ ͲǡͲ͹ʹ͸͹.
ͳͳǡͷͶ
Ans
b) ͲǡͲͲͺͶ͹ͺ
ൌ ͲǡͲͳ ͳǡͷͶͻͲͲ
െͲǡͲ͹ʹ͸͹
2. Find the value of ͳǡͶ͹͸͵͵ =1,47633
a) ͷǡͲͺ ൅ ͲǡͻͶ͸
5.
b) ξͲǤͲͲͺͳ ଵହ
c) ͷǡ͸ െ ͹ǡͷ a) Express ଵ଺ as a terminating
Ans decimal.
a) ͷǡͲͺ b) Express ͳͷͺǡ͸ͻ͹
൅ͲǡͻͶ͸ i. Correct to the nearest
͸ǡͲʹ͸ ൌ ͸ǡͲʹ͸ hundredth,
b) ii. Correct to two
ξͲǤͲͲͺͳ significant figures.
Ans
ͺͳ a)
ൌඨ ͳͷ
ͳͲͲͲͲ
ͻ ͳ͸
ൌ
ͳͲͲ
ൌ Ͳǡͻ͵͹ͷ
ൌ ͲǡͲͻ b)
c) ͹ǡͷ i. 158,70
െͷǡ͸ ii. 160
ͳǡͻ ൌ െͳǡͻ
3. Given that ξ͹ ൌ ʹǡ͸Ͷ͸ and ξ͹Ͳ ൌ

ͺǡ͵͸͹
a) ξ͹ͲͲͲ
b) ξͲǡͲ͹
Ans
a) ξ͹Ͳ ൈ ͳͲͲ =ξ͹ ൈ ξͳͲͲ
ൌ ͺǡ͵͸͹ ൈ ͳͲ

21 and Stationery
ൌ ૛ૡ૙૙࢓૛ (a) ξͶǣ ͻ

ൌ ૛ǣ ૜length
15. A bus has 80 passengers consisting
of adults and school children. Given (b) ͺǣ ʹ͹ ൌ ͶͲǣ ‫ݔ‬
that the ratio of the adults to school ͺ ͶͲ
children is 2:3, calculate the number ൌ
ʹ͹ ‫ݔ‬
of adults on the bus. ͺ‫ ݔ‬ൌ ͳͲͺͲ
‫ ݔ‬ൌ ͳ͵ͷ
Ans Volume ൌ ૚૜૞ࢉ࢓૜
ʹ
݊‫ ݏݐ݈ݑ݂݀ܽ݋ݎܾ݁݉ݑ‬ൌ ൈ ͺͲ
ͷ 19. In a certain town with a population of
ൌ 840 000, 15% of the people are left-
૜૛ handed.
If among the left-handed people,
16. At a certain party the ratio men: the ratio of ݉݁݊ǣ ‫݊݁݉݋ݓ‬ǣ ݄݈ܿ݅݀‫ ݊݁ݎ‬is
women: children was 5: 6: 4. If there 5: 11: 14, calculate the number of
were 80 children at the party, children who are left-handed.
calculate the total number of people at Ans
the party. ଵହ
Left-handed people ൌ ൈ ͺͶͲͲͲͲ
ଵ଴଴
Ans ൌ ͳʹ͸ͲͲͲ
ͳͷ
‫ ݈݁݌݋݁݌݂݋ݎܾ݁݉ݑ݈݊ܽݐ݋ݐ‬ൌ ൈ ͺͲ Number of childrenൌ
ଵସ
ൈ ͳʹ͸ͲͲͲ
Ͷ ଷ଴
ൌ
૜૙૙ ൌ ૞ૡૡ૙૙
17. Tapiwa and Netsai share some 20.

money in the ratio ʹǣ ͷ. Given that (a) Given that ͳʹǣ ݀ ൌ ͵ǣ ͹ , find the
Tapiwa’s share is ̈́͸ʹͲͲͲͲ, value of ݀.
calculate Netsai’s share. (b) A sum of money is divided in the
ratio ʹǣ ͵ǣ ͹. Given that the largest
Ans
ହ share is $224 000, calculate the
Netsai’s share ൌ ଶ ൈ ͸ʹͲͲͲͲ smallest share.
ൌ ̈́૚૞૞૙૙૙૙ Ans
ଵଶ ଷ
(a) ௗ ൌ ଻
18. Two similar cones have their curved
͵݀ ൌ ͺͶ
surface areas in the ratio Ͷǣ ͻ.
ࢊ ൌ ૛ૡ
(a) Write down the ratio of the height
of the smaller cones to the height ଶ
of the larger cone. (b) ‫ ݁ݎ݄ܽݏݐݏ݈݈݁ܽ݉ݏ‬ൌ ൈ ʹʹͶͲͲͲ
଻
(b) Given that the volume of the ൌ ૟૝૙૙૙
smaller cone is ͶͲܿ݉ଷ, calculate
the volume of the larger cone.
Ans

32 and Stationery
ൎ ͳʹ 9. Estimate ૝ǡ ૟૜ ൈ ૜૜ǡ ૟ correct to 1 significant

figure.
6. The sides of a rectangle are 15cm and 7cm
measured correct to the nearest centimeter. Ans
Find the smallest possible area of the ૝ǡ ૟૜ ൈ ૜૜ǡ ૟
rectangle. ൎ ͷ ൈ ͵Ͳ
Ans ൎ ͳͷͲ
Area of a rectangleൌ ݈ ൈ ‫ݓ‬ ൎ ʹͲͲ
ൌ ͳͶǡͷ ൈ ͸ǡͷ
ൌ ͻͶǡʹͷ 10. A rectangle measures ሺ࢞ ൅ ૛ሻࢉ࢓ by
ሺ૛࢞ െ ૚ሻࢉ࢓. Given that ࢞ ൌ ૜, correct to the
7. Estimate by first rounding off each number to nearest whole number, find the minimum
one significant figure, the value of possible area of the rectangle.
૜ǡ૙૝ൈ૚ǡૢૡିૢǡ૝ૡ Ans
૛ǡૢ૚
.
Area ൌ ሺʹǡͷ ൅ ʹሻሺʹ ൈ ʹǡͷ െ ͳሻ
Ans
૜ǡ ૙૝ ൈ ૚ǡ ૢૡ െ ૢǡ ૝ૡ ൌ Ͷǡͷ ൈ Ͷ
ൌ ͳͺ
૛ǡ ૢ૚
11. By correcting each number to 1 significant
͵ൈʹെͻ ૜ૠ૚ൊૡ૝ૢ
ൎ figure, estimate the value of .
͵ ξ૟૟ૡି૟૝૜
Ans
૟െૢ ૜ૠ૚ ൊ ૡ૝ૢ
ൎ
૜ ξ૟૟ૡ െ ૟૝૜
૜ ͶͲͲ ൊ ͺͲͲ
ൎെ ൎ
૜ ξ͹ͲͲ െ ͸ͲͲ
ൎ െ૚ Ͳǡͷ
ൎ
ξͳͲͲ
8. The radius, r cm, of a circle is given as 9cm,
૙ǡ ૞
correct to the nearest whole number. ൎ
a. Write down the limits between which r ૚૙
must lie,
b. Calculate the least possible circumference ൎ ͲǡͲͷ
of the circle, giving your answer in terms
of ࣊. 12. The length, ࢒ࢉ࢓ǡof the edge of a cube is
given as ૞ǡ ૚ࢉ࢓correct to one decimal place.
Ans a. Give the limits for ࢒.
a. Limits (range)ൌ ͺǡͷ ൑ ‫ ݎ‬൏ ͻǡͷ b. Find the least possible surface area of the
cube.
b. Circumference of the circleൌ ʹߨ‫ݎ‬ Ans
ൌ ʹ ൈ ߨ ൈ ͺǡͷ a. Limits (range)ൌ ૞ǡ ૙૞ ൑ ࢒ ൏ ͷǡͳͷ
ൌ ͳ͹ߨ[2dp]
b. Surface area ൌ ૟࢙૛ ൌ ૟൫૞ǡ ૙૞૛ ൯
ൌ ૚૞૜ǡ ૙૚૞

35 and Stationery
Laws of indices
 simplify algebraic expressions using the rules of basic operations
 express numbers from ordinary to index form and vice versa
 solve problems involving indices using the laws of indices
 simplify algebraic expressions involving indices
 solve equations involving indices
NOTES
1. ୟ ൈ ୠ ൌ ୟାୠ
݂݅‫݁݉ܽݏ݄݁ݐ݁ݎܽݏ݁ݏܾ݄ܽ݁ݐ‬ǡ
‫ݏݎ݁ݓ݋݌݄݁ݐ݀݀ܽݑ݋ݕ݃݊݅ݕ݈݌݅ݐ݈ݑ݄݉݊݁ݓ‬
ʹଶ ൈ ʹଷ
ൌ ʹଶାଷ
ൌ ʹହ
ൌ ͵ʹ
2. ୟ ൊ ୠ ൌ ୟିୠ
݂݅‫݁݉ܽݏ݄݁ݐ݁ݎܽݏ݁ݏܾ݄ܽ݁ݐ‬ǡ
‫ݏݎ݁ݓ݋݌݄݁ݐݐܿܽݎݐܾݑݏݑ݋ݕ݃݊݅ݒ݄݅݀݊݁ݓ‬
͹ହ ൊ ͹ଷ
ൌ ͹ହିଷ
ൌ ͹ଶ
ൌ Ͷͻ
3. ଴ ൌ ͳ
݁‫ͳݏ݅݋ݎ݁ݖݎ݁ݓ݋݌݄݁ݐ݋ݐ݀݁ݏ݅ܽݎ݉ݎ݁ݐݕݎ݁ݒ‬
ሺʹ‫ݕݔ‬ሻ଴ ൌ ͳ
ͳʹ݉଴ ൌ ͳʹ ൈ ͳ ൌ ͳʹ
భ
౗
4. ౗ ൌ ξ
݂݅‫݊݋݅ݐܿܽݎ݂ܽݏ݅ݎ݁ݓ݋݌݄݁ݐ‬ǡ ‫ݐ݋݋ݎ݄݁ݐݏ݁݉݋ܾܿ݁ݎ݋ݐܽ݊݅݉݋݄݊݁݀݁ݐ‬
ଵ
ͺଷ
య
ൌ ξͺ
ൌʹ
ଵ
5. ିୟ ൌ ୶౗
‫ݎܾ݁݉ݑ݈݊݁݋݄ݓܽ݉݋ݎ݂ݎ݁ݓ݋݌݁ݒ݅ݐ݄ܽ݃ܽ݁݊݁ݐ݁ݒ݋݉݁ݎ݋ݐ‬
‫ݎ݋ݐܽ݊݅݉݋݊݁݀ܽ݋ݐݎ݋ݐܽݎ݁݉ݑܾ݊ܽ݃݊݅݁݉݋ݎ݂ݎܾ݁݉ݑ݄݊݁ݐ݁ݒ݋݉ݑ݋ݕ‬
‫݀݊ݑ݋ݎݕܽݓݎ݄݁ݐ݋݄݁ݐݎ݋‬

36 and Stationery
QUESTION AND ANSWER
ൌ ͹ଶାଵ
1. Evaluate ൌ ͹ଷ
(a) ሺെͳͻሻ଴ ൌ ͵Ͷ͵
(b) ͵ଶ ൈ ʹଷ
మ మ
ଵ య ଵ ିయ
(c) ቀ ቁ
଼
(iii) ቀ ቁ
ଵଶହ
Ans ଶ
ͳʹͷ ଷ
ሺሻ ሺെͳͻሻ଴ ൌ ͳ ൌ൬ ൰
ሺሻ ͳ
య ଶ
ൌ ൫ξͳʹͷ൯
͵ଶ ൈ ʹଷ ൌ ͷଶ
ൌͻൈͺ ൌ ʹͷ
ൌ ͹ʹ
ଵ య
మ
4.
ሺሻ ቀ଼ቁ (a) Evaluate
ଶ (i) ʹସ ൅ ʹ ଴
య ͳ భ య
ൌ ቌඨ ቍ (ii) ͷమ ൊ ͷమ
ͺ మ
(b) Simplify ሺͺ‫ ݔ‬ଷ ሻయ
ͳ ଶ Ans
ൌ൬ ൰
ʹ (a)
ͳ (i) ʹସ ൅ ʹ଴
ൌ
Ͷ ൌ ͳ͸ ൅ ͳ
య ళ
ൌ ͳ͹
2. Simplify ‫ ݔ‬మ ൈ ͷ‫ି ݔ‬మ . giving your భ య
answers with a positive index. (ii) ͷమ ൊ ͷమ
Ans భ య
ଷ ଻ ൌ ͷమିమ
‫ݔ‬ଶൈ ͷ‫ି ݔ‬ଶ మ
ଷ ଻ ൌ ͷି మ
ൌ ͷ‫ ݔ‬ଶାିଶ ൌ ͷିଵ
ଷ ଻ ଵ
ൌ ͷ‫ ݔ‬ଶିଶ ൌ
ହ
ସ మ
ൌ ͷ‫ି ݔ‬ଶ (b) ሺͺ‫ ݔ‬ଷ ሻయ
ିଶ ଶ
ൌ ͷ‫ݔ‬ య
ൌ ቀ ඥͺ‫ ݔ‬ଷ ቁ
ͷ ൌ ሺʹ‫ݔ‬ሻଶ
ൌ ൌ Ͷ‫ ݔ‬ଶ
‫ݔ‬ଶ
3. Find the exact value of 5. Find the value of

భ
ଵ
భ (a) ͹ଶ ൊ Ͷ଴
(i) ͹ ൈ͹మ మ ൈ͹ య
ି
మ (b) ξʹ଺ ൈ ʹ͹
ଵ య Ans
(ii) ቀଵଶହቁ
Ans (a) ͹ଶ ൊ Ͷ଴
భ భ ൌ Ͷͻ ൊ ͳ
(i) ͹మ ൈ ͹ଵమ ൈ ͹ ൌ Ͷͻ
ଵ ଷ
ൌ ͹ଶାଶାଵ య
ర
ାଵ (b) ξʹ଺ ൈ ʹ͹ ൌ ʹଶ ൈ ͵ ൌ Ͷ ൈ ͵ ൌ ͳʹ
ൌ͹ మ

38 and Stationery
6. Evaluate 9. Evaluate
మ భ య
a. ͷ ൈ ͷ య య i. ͵ʹఱ
b. ͳ͸ర
య
ii. ͵ସ ൈ ͵଴
ଵ ିଶ
Ans
c. ቀെ ଷቁ య
i. ͵ʹఱ
Ans ఱ ଷ
మ భ ൌ ൫ξ͵ʹ൯
a. ͷ ൈ ͷ
య య
ൌ ʹଷ
మ భ
ା
ൌͷ య య ൌͺ
ൌͷ ii. ͵ ସ ൈ ͵଴
ൌ ͵ସା଴
b. ͳ͸ర
య
ൌ ͵ସ
ర ଷ ൌ ͺͳ
ൌ ൫ξͳ͸൯
10. Evaluate
ൌ ʹଷ య
(a) ሺെ͵ʹሻఱ
ଵ
ൌͺ (b) షయ
ହ
Ans
ଵ ିଶ
య
c. ቀെ ቁ (a) ሺെ͵ʹሻఱ
ଷ ଷ
ఱ
͵ ଶ ൌ ൫ξെ͵ʹ൯
ൌ ൬െ ൰ ൌ ሺെʹሻଷ
ͳ
ൌͻ ൌ െͺ
ଵ
(b)
଴ ହషయ
7. Evaluate െͺ
ൌ ͷଷ
Ans
ൌ ͳʹͷ
െͺ଴
ൌ െͳ 11. Simplify ሺͲǡʹሻଷ ൈ ሺͲǡʹሻଶ , giving your
answer as a decimal
8. Evaluate
Ans
ଵ ିଶ
(a) ቀ ቁ ሺͲǡʹሻଷ ൈ ሺͲǡʹሻଶ
ହ
మ ൌ ሺͲǡʹሻଷାଶ
(b) െʹ͹య ൌ ሺͲǡʹሻହ
ൌ ͲǡͲͲͲ͵ʹ
Ans
ଵ ିଶ
(a) ቀହቁ 12. Evaluate
i. ͻଶ ൈ ͻ଴
ͷ ଶ మ
ൌ൬ ൰ ii. ͺయ
ͳ
Ans
ൌ ʹͷ i. ͻଶ ൈ ͻ଴
మ
ൌ ͺͳ ൈ ͳ
(b) െʹ͹ య
య ଶ ൌ ͺͳ
ൌ ൫ξെʹ͹൯
మ
ii. ͺయ
ൌ ሺെ͵ሻଶ య ଶ
ൌ ൫ ξͺ൯
ൌͻ ൌ ʹଶ
ൌͶ

39 and Stationery
Algebra
LOGARITHMS
SUBSTITUTION
EXPANSION
FACTORISATION
ALGEBRAIC FRACTIONS
LINEAR EQUATIONS
QUADRATIC EQUATIONS
SIMULTANEOUS EQUATIONS
INEQUALITIES
CHANGE OF SUBJECT
FUNCTIONS
MATRICES
VARIATION
VECTORS
SETS
PROBABILITY

49 and Stationery
Ans 15. The premium of a certain insurance

ͷ൅ܶ policy is calculated using the formula
‫ ܯ‬ൌ
ͷെܶ ሺ‫ ܯ‬െ ‫ܨ‬ሻ ൈ ͳͲͲͲͲ
ͷ ൅ െʹͲ ܳൌ
ൌ ܴ
ͷ െ െʹͲ Where $Q is the sum assured
ͷ െ ʹͲ $M is the monthly premium
ൌ
ͷ ൅ ʹͲ $F is the policy fee
ͳͷ ͵ And R is a factor obtained from the
ൌെ ൌെ
ʹͷ Ͷ insurance tables.
Given that ܳ ൌ ͷͲͲͲͲǡ ‫ ܨ‬ൌ ʹͲ
12. Find the numerical value of
ܴܽ݊݀ ൌ Ͷͷ, find the value of M
‫݌‬ሺͳ െ ‫ ݍ‬ଶ ሻ
Ans
When ‫ ݌‬ൌ Ͷܽ݊݀‫ ݍ‬ൌ െ͵.
ሺ‫ ܯ‬െ ‫ܨ‬ሻ ൈ ͳͲͲͲͲ
Ans ܳൌ
ܴ
‫݌‬ሺͳ െ ‫ ݍ‬ଶ ሻ ሺ‫ ܯ‬െ ʹͲሻ ൈ ͳͲͲͲͲ
ൌ ሺͶሻሺͳ െ ሺെ͵ሻଶ ሻ ͷͲͲͲͲ ൌ
Ͷͷ
ൌ Ͷ ൈ െͺ ͷͲͲͲͲ ൈ Ͷͷ
ൌ ‫ ܯ‬െ ʹͲ
ൌ െ͵ʹ ͳͲͲͲͲ
ʹʹͷ ൅ ʹͲ ൌ ‫ܯ‬
13. Calculate the value of ‫ ݕݔ‬െ ‫ ݖ‬given ‫ ܯ‬ൌ ʹͶͷ
that ‫ ݔ‬ൌ Ͷǡ ‫ ݕ‬ൌ െͳܽ݊݀‫ ݖ‬ൌ െ͵.
Ans 16. Given that ܽ ൌ ͵ǡ ܾ ൌ െʹܽ݊݀ܿ ൌ
‫ ݕݔ‬െ ‫ݖ‬ െͷ, find the value of
ൌ ሺͶሻሺെͳሻ െ ሺെ͵ሻ (i) ʹܽ ൅ ͹ܾ െ ܿ
ൌ െͶ െ െ͵ (ii) ܾଶ െ ܿ ଶ
௔ ௖
ൌ െͶ ൅ ͵ (iii) െ .
௕ ௔
ൌ െͳ Ans
(i) ʹܽ ൅ ͹ܾ െ ܿ
ହାସ௣
14. It is given that ‫ ݍ‬ൌ ൌ ʹሺ͵ሻ ൅ ͹ሺെʹሻ െ ሺെͷሻ
଺ିଷ௣
Giving your answer as a common ൌ ͸ െ ͳͶ ൅ ͷ
fraction in its lowest terms, calculate ൌ െ͵
the value of ‫ ݍ‬when (ii) ܾଶ െ ܿଶ
‫ ݌‬ൌ െʹ. ൌ ሺെʹሻଶ െ ሺെͷሻଶ
Ans ൌ Ͷ െ ʹͷ
ͷ ൅ Ͷ‫݌‬ െʹͳ
‫ ݍ‬ൌ ௔ ௖
͸ െ ͵‫݌‬ (iii) െ
௕ ௔
ͷ ൅ Ͷሺെʹሻ ଷ ହ
ൌ ൌ െ െ
͸ െ ͵ሺെʹሻ ିଶ ଷ
ͷെͺ ͵ ͷ
ൌ ൌെ ൅
͸൅͸ ʹ ͵
͵ ͳ ͳ
ൌെ ൌെ ൌ
ͳʹ Ͷ ͸

57 and Stationery
ሺ‫ ݔ‬െ ʹሻሺ͵‫ ݔ‬െ ܽሻ 10. Factorise completely

͸‫ ݕ‬ଶ െ ‫ ݕ‬െ ͳʹ
Sln
7. Factorise completely ͸‫ ݕ‬ଶ െ ‫ ݕ‬െ ͳʹ
ͷ‫ ݎ‬ଶ െ ͷ‫ ݐݎ‬൅ ‫ ݎݍ‬െ ‫ݐݍ‬ ͸‫ ݕ‬ଶ െ ͻ‫ ݕ‬൅ ͺ‫ ݕ‬െ ͳʹ
Sln ͵‫ݕ‬ሺʹ‫ ݕ‬െ ͵ሻ ൅ Ͷሺʹ‫ ݕ‬െ ͵ሻ
ଶ
ͷ‫ ݎ‬െ ͷ‫ ݐݎ‬൅ ‫ ݎݍ‬െ ‫ݐݍ‬ ሺʹ‫ ݕ‬െ ͵ሻሺ͵‫ ݕ‬൅ Ͷሻ
ͷ‫ݎ‬ሺ‫ ݎ‬െ ‫ݐ‬ሻ ൅ ‫ݍ‬ሺ‫ ݎ‬െ ‫ݐ‬ሻ
ሺ‫ ݎ‬െ ‫ݐ‬ሻሺͷ‫ ݎ‬൅ ‫ݍ‬ሻ 11. Factorise completely
‫ݔ‬ଶ െ ‫ݕ‬ଶ
8. Factorise completely Sln
ଶ
a) ‫ ݔ‬െ Ͷ ‫ݔ‬ଶ െ ‫ݕ‬ଶ
b) ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ Ͷ‫ ݔ‬൅ Ͷ ሺ‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ݕ‬ሻሺ‫ ݔ‬൅ ‫ݕ‬ሻ
Sln
a) ‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ Ͷ 12. Factorise completely
ሺ‫ ݔ‬െ ʹሻሺ‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹሻ a) ʹ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ܽ‫ ݔ‬െ ʹܾ‫ ݔ‬െ ܾܽ
b) ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ Ͷ‫ ݔ‬൅ Ͷ b) ͵ െ ͳʹ‫ ݕ‬ଶ .
‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ Ͷ Sln
‫ݔ‬ሺ‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹሻ ൅ ʹሺ‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹሻ a) ʹ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ܽ‫ ݔ‬െ ʹܾ‫ ݔ‬െ ܾܽ
ሺ‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹሻሺ‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹሻ ‫ݔ‬ሺʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ܽሻ െ ܾሺʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ܽሻ
ሺʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ܽሻሺ‫ ݔ‬െ ܾሻ
9. Factorise completely b) ͵ െ ͳʹ‫ ݕ‬ଶ
a) ͳͷ݉ ൅ ͳͺ െ ͳͲ݉݊ െ ͳʹ݊ ͵ሺͳ െ Ͷ‫ ݕ‬ଶ ሻ
b) ʹ͹‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ͳʹ‫ ݕ‬ଶ ͵ሺͳ െ ʹ‫ݕ‬ሻሺͳ ൅ ʹ‫ݕ‬ሻ
Sln
a) ͳͷ݉ ൅ ͳͺ െ ͳͲ݉݊ െ ͳʹ݊ 13. Factorise completely
͵ሺͷ݉ ൅ ͸ሻ െ ʹ݊ሺͷ݉ ൅ ͸ሻ ͳͺ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ͳͷ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵
ሺͷ݉ ൅ ͸ሻሺ͵ െ ʹ݊ሻ Sln
b) ʹ͹‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ͳʹ‫ ݕ‬ଶ ͳͺ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ͳͷ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵
͵ሺͻ‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ Ͷ‫ ݕ‬ଶ ሻ ͳͺ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ͻ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͸‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵
͵ሺ͵‫ ݔ‬െ ʹ‫ݕ‬ሻሺ͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹ‫ݕ‬ሻ ͻ‫ݔ‬ሺʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͳሻ ൅ ͵ሺʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͳሻ
ሺʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͳሻሺͻ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵ሻ

62 and Stationery
͵‫ ݔ‬ൌ ‫ ݕ‬െ ͳ
‫ݕ‬െͳ
‫ݔ‬ൌ
͵
Sub to equation (ii);
‫ݕ‬െͳ
ʹ൬ ൰ ൅ ʹ‫ ݕ‬ൌ Ͷ
͵
ʹ‫ ݕ‬െ ʹ ൅ ͸‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͳʹ
ͺ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͳͶ
͵
‫ݕ׵‬ൌͳ
Ͷ
͵
ͳ െͳ
‫ݔ‬ൌ Ͷ
͵
ͳ
‫ݔ׵‬ൌ
Ͷ
QUESTION AND ANSWER
2. Solve the simultaneous equations

1. Solve the simultaneous equations ͺ݁ ൅ ͵݂ ൅ ͳ ൌ Ͳǡ
‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͵ǡ െͷ݁ െ ʹ݂ ൅ ʹ ൌ Ͳ
‫ ݔ‬െ ͵‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͷ Ans [elimination]
Ans [elimination] ͺ݁ ൅ ͵݂ ൅ ͳ ൌ Ͳǡ
‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͵……….(i) െͷ݁ െ ʹ݂ ൅ ʹ ൌ ͲǤ
‫ ݔ‬െ ͵‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͷ ………(ii) ͺ݁ ൅ ͵݂ ൌ െͳ………………...(i)ൈ ʹ
ሺ݅ሻ െ ሺ݅݅ሻ െͷ݁ െ ʹ݂ ൌ െʹ……………..(ii)ൈ ͵
‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵‫ ݕ‬െ െ͵‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͵ െ ͷ ͳ͸݁ ൅ ͸݂ ൌ െʹ …………….(iii)
͸‫ ݕ‬ൌ െʹ െͳͷ݁ െ ͸݂ ൌ െ͸ …………..(iv)
ͳ ሺ݅݅݅ሻ ൅ ሺ݅‫ݒ‬ሻ
‫ݕ‬ൌെ
͵ ͳ͸݁ ൅ െͳͷ݁ ൅ ͸݂ ൅ െ͸݂ ൌ െʹ ൅ െ͸
‫݋ݐݕܾݑݏ‬ሺ݅ሻ
݁ ൌ െͺ
ͳ
‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵ ൬െ ൰ ൌ ͵ ‫݋ݐܾ݁ݑݏ‬ሺ݅݅ሻ
͵
‫ݔ‬െͳൌ͵ െͷሺെͺሻ െ ʹ݂ ൌ െʹ
‫ݔ‬ൌͶ ͶͲ െ ʹ݂ ൌ െʹ
ଵ െʹ݂ ൌ െͶʹ
‫ ݔ ׵‬ൌ Ͷܽ݊݀‫ ݕ‬ൌ െ
ଷ
݂ ൌ ʹͳ
‫ ݁ ׵‬ൌ െͺ݂ܽ݊݀ ൌ ʹͳ

76 and Stationery
3. Solve the simultaneous equations ‫ܾݑݏ‬ሺ݅݅݅ሻ‫݋ݐ‬ሺ݅݅ሻ

͵ܽ െ ʹܾ ൌ ͹ǡ ͷ‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹͳ ൌ Ͷ‫ݕ‬
ͷܽ ൅ Ͷܾ ൌ ͺǤ
ͷ െ Ͷ‫ݕ‬
Ans [matrix] ͵ ൤ͷ ൬ ൰ ൅ ʹͳ ൌ Ͷ‫ݕ‬൨
͵
͵ܽ െ ʹܾ ൌ ͹ǡ ͷሺͷ െ Ͷ‫ݕ‬ሻ ൅ ͸͵ ൌ ͳʹ‫ݕ‬
ͷܽ ൅ Ͷܾ ൌ ͺǤ ʹͷ െ ʹͲ‫ ݕ‬൅ ͸͵ ൌ ͳʹ‫ݕ‬
͵ െʹ ܽ ͹ െʹͲ‫ ݕ‬െ ͳʹ‫ ݕ‬ൌ െʹͷ െ ͸͵

ቀ ቁቀ ቁ ൌ ቀ ቁ
ͷ Ͷ ܾ ͺ
െ͵ʹ‫ ݕ‬ൌ െͺͺ
݀݁‫ ݐ‬ൌ ሺ͵ ൈ Ͷሻ െ ሺെʹ ൈ ͷሻ
ͳͳ
ൌ ͳʹ ൅ ͳͲ ൌ ʹʹ ‫ݕ‬ൌ
Ͷ
ܽ ଵ Ͷ ʹ ͹ Sub y in (iii)
ቀ ቁ ൌ ଶଶ ቀ ቁቀ ቁ
ܾ െͷ ͵ ͺ
ͳͳ
ܽ ͷ െ Ͷቀ Ͷ ቁ
ଵ ʹͺ ൅ ͳ͸ ‫ݔ‬ൌ
ቀ ቁ ൌ ଶଶ ቀ ቁ
ܾ െ͵ͷ ൅ ʹͶ ͵
ͷ െ ͳͳ
ܽ ଵ ͶͶ ‫ݔ‬ൌ
ቀ ቁൌ ቀ ቁ ͵
ܾ ଶଶ െͳͳ
‫ ݔ‬ൌ െʹ
ܽ ʹ
ቀ ቁ ൌ ቆെ ଵቇ ଷ
ܾ ‫ ݔ ׵‬ൌ െʹܽ݊݀‫ ݕ‬ൌ ʹ ସ
ଶ
ͳ
‫ ܽ ׵‬ൌ ʹܾܽ݊݀ ൌ െ 5. Solve the simultaneous equations
ʹ
‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͳ െ ͵‫ݔ‬ǡ
ʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͷǤ
4. Solve the simultaneous equations Ans [substitution]
͵‫ ݔ‬൅ Ͷ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͷǡ ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͳ െ ͵‫ ݔ‬ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ Ǥ Ǥ ሺ݅ሻ
ʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͷ ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ Ǥ ሺ݅݅ሻ
ͷ‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹͳ ൌ Ͷ‫ݕ‬Ǥ
‫ܾݑݏ‬ሺ݅ሻ‫݋ݐ‬ሺ݅݅ሻ
Ans [substitution] ʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ሺͳ െ ͵‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ͷ
͵‫ ݔ‬൅ Ͷ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͷ ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ Ǥ Ǥ ሺ݅ሻ ʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͳ െ ͵‫ ݔ‬ൌ ͷ
ͷ‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹͳ ൌ Ͷ‫ ݕ‬ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ ሺ݅݅ሻ ʹ‫ ݔ‬െ ͵‫ ݔ‬ൌ ͷ െ ͳ
͵‫ ݔ‬ൌ ͷ െ Ͷ‫ݕ‬ െ‫ ݔ‬ൌ Ͷ
ହିସ௬
‫ݔ‬ൌ ………….(iii) ‫ ݔ‬ൌ െͶ
ଷ
Sub ‫ ݔ‬to(ii)

77 and Stationery
‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͳ െ ͵ሺെͶሻ ͵‫ ݔ‬െ Ͷ‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹ‫ ݕ‬െ ʹ‫ ݕ‬ൌ Ͳ െ െʹ

‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͳ ൅ ͳʹ െ‫ ݔ‬ൌ ʹ
‫ ݔ‬ൌ െʹ
‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͳ͵
‫݋ݐݔܾݑݏ‬ሺ݅݅ሻ
‫ ݔ ׵‬ൌ െͶܽ݊݀‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͳ͵ ʹሺെʹሻ ൅ ‫ ݕ‬ൌ െͳ
െͶ ൅ ‫ ݕ‬ൌ െͳ
‫ ݕ‬ൌ െͳ ൅ Ͷ
6. Use matrix method to solve the
‫ݕ‬ൌ͵
simultaneous equations ‫ ݔ ׵‬ൌ െʹܽ݊݀‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͵
͵‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ʹǡ
‫ ݔ‬െ ʹ‫ ݕ‬ൌ െ͸ 8. Solve the simultaneous equations
Ans [matrix] ͳ
‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵‫ ݕ‬ൌ Ͷǡ
ʹ
͵‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ʹǡ
͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͺǤ
‫ ݔ‬െ ʹ‫ ݕ‬ൌ െ͸
Ans [elimination]
͵ െͳ ‫ݔ‬ ʹ
ቀ ቁ ቀ‫ݕ‬ቁ ൌ ቀ ቁ ͳ
ͳ െʹ െ͸
ʹ ൤ ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵‫ ݕ‬ൌ Ͷǡ ൨
݀݁‫ ݐ‬ൌ ሺ͵ ൈ െʹሻ െ ሺെͳ ൈ ͳሻ ʹ
͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͺǤ
ൌ െ͸ െ െͳ
‫ ݔ‬൅ ͸‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͺ ǥ ǥ ǥ Ǥ ሺ݅ሻ ൈ ͵
ൌ െͷ
‫ݔ‬ ͳ െʹ ͳ ͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͺ ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ ሺ݅݅ሻ ൈ ͳ
ʹ
ቀ‫ݕ‬ቁ ൌ െ ቀ ቁቀ ቁ
ͷ െͳ ͵ െ͸ ͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ͳͺ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ʹͶ ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ ሺ݅݅݅ሻ
‫ݔ‬ ͳ െͶ െ ͸ ͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͺ ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ Ǥ Ǥ ሺ݅‫ݒ‬ሻ
ቀ‫ݕ‬ቁ ൌ െ ቀ ቁ
ͷ െʹ െ ͳͺ
ሺ݅݅݅ሻ െ ሺ݅‫ݒ‬ሻ
‫ݔ‬ ͳ െͳͲ
ቀ‫ݕ‬ቁ ൌ െ ቀ ቁ ͵‫ ݔ‬െ ͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ͳͺ‫ ݕ‬െ ʹ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ʹͶ െ ͺ
ͷ െʹͲ
‫ݔ‬ ʹ ͳ͸‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͳ͸
ቀ‫ݕ‬ቁ ൌ ቀ ቁ
Ͷ ‫ݕ‬ൌͳ
‫ ݔ ׵‬ൌ ʹܽ݊݀‫ ݕ‬ൌ Ͷ
Sub y to (i)
‫ ݔ‬൅ ͸ሺͳሻ ൌ ͺ
7. Solve the simultaneous equations
‫ ݔ‬ൌͺെ͸
͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹ‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͲǤ
‫ݔ‬ൌʹ
ʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ‫ ݕ‬ൌ െͳ
Ans [elimination]
‫ ݔ ׵‬ൌ ʹܽ݊݀‫ ݕ‬ൌ ͳ
͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹ‫ ݕ‬ൌ Ͳ ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ Ǥ Ǥ ሺ݅ሻ ൈ ͳ
ʹ‫ ݔ‬൅ ‫ ݕ‬ൌ െͳ ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ Ǥ ሺ݅݅ሻ ൈ ʹ
͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹ‫ ݕ‬ൌ Ͳ ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ Ǥ ሺ݅݅݅ሻ

Ͷ‫ ݔ‬൅ ʹ‫ ݕ‬ൌ െʹ ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ ǥ ሺ݅‫ݒ‬ሻ
ሺ݅݅݅ሻ െ ሺ݅‫ݒ‬ሻ

78 and Stationery
9. List the integer values 11. Solve the simultaneous

of ‫ ݔ‬that satisfy the inequality
inequality ʹ‫ ݔ‬െ ͸ ൏ ͷ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵
ͳͶ െ ‫ ݔ‬൑ ͷ‫ ݔ‬൏ ʹ͹ ൑ ͵‫ݔ‬
Ans െ ͳͳ
ͳͶ െ ‫ ݔ‬൑ ͷ‫ ݔ‬൏ ʹ͹ Giving your answer in
ͳͶ െ ‫ ݔ‬൑ ͷ‫ݔ‬ the form ܽ ൏ ‫ ݔ‬൑ ܾ
ͷ‫ ݔ‬൏ ʹ͹ where ܽ and ܾ are
െ‫ ݔ‬െ ͷ‫ ݔ‬൑ െͳͶ integers.
‫ݔ‬൏ͷ
ଶ Write down the least
ହ
possible value of ‫ݔ‬.
െ͸‫ ݔ‬൑ െͳͶ
ଵ Ans
‫ݔ‬൒ʹ
ଷ
ʹ‫ ݔ‬െ ͸ ൏ ͷ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵ ൑ ͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ͳͳ
ͳ ʹ
ʹ ൑‫ݔ‬൏ͷ ʹ‫ ݔ‬െ ͸ ൏ ͷ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵ ͷ‫ ݔ‬൅
͵ ͷ
͵ ൑ ͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ͳͳ
‫ ݔ‬ൌ ሼ͵Ǣ ͶǢ ͷሽ ʹ‫ ݔ‬െ ͷ‫ ݔ‬൏ ͵ ൅ ͸ ͷ‫ ݔ‬െ

͵‫ ݔ‬൑ ͳͳ െ ͵
10. Solve the inequalityͶ ൅ െ͵‫ ݔ‬൏ ͻ
͵‫ ݔ‬൏ ʹͷ. ʹ‫ ݔ‬൑ ͺ
Ans ‫ ݔ‬൐ െ͵
Ͷ ൅ ͵‫ ݔ‬൏ ʹͷ ‫ݔ‬൑Ͷ
͵‫ ݔ‬൏ ʹͷ െ Ͷ െ͵ ൏ ‫ ݔ‬൑ Ͷ
͵‫ ݔ‬൏ ʹͳ
‫ݔ‬൏͹ The least possible value ൌ െʹ

83 and Stationery
b. ݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ െ͹
‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ͹‫ ݔ‬൅ ͷ ൌ െ͹ 7. Given that ݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ‫ݔ‬, find
‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ͹‫ ݔ‬൅ ͷ ൅ ͹ ൌ Ͳ i. ݂ሺ͵ሻ
‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ͹‫ ݔ‬൅ ͳʹ ൌ Ͳ ii. The values of ‫ ݔ‬for which
‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ Ͷ‫ ݔ‬െ ͵‫ ݔ‬൅ ͳʹ ൌ Ͳ ݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ Ͳ.
‫ݔ‬ሺ‫ ݔ‬െ Ͷሻ െ ͵ሺ‫ ݔ‬െ Ͷሻ ൌ Ͳ Ans
ሺ‫ ݔ‬െ Ͷሻሺ‫ ݔ‬െ ͵ሻ ൌ Ͳ i. ݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ‫ݔ‬
‫ݔ‬െͶൌͲ or ‫ݔ‬െ͵ൌͲ ݂ሺ͵ሻ ൌ ሺ͵ሻଶ ൅ ሺ͵ሻ
‫ݔ‬ൌͶ ‫ݔ‬ൌ͵ ݂ሺ͵ሻ ൌ ͻ ൅ ͵
݂ሺ͵ሻ ൌ ͳʹ
5. Given that ݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ Ͷ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵, find ii. ݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ‫ݔ‬
all the values of ‫ ݔ‬for which ݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ Ͳ
Ͳ. ‫ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ‫ ݔ‬ൌ Ͳ
Ans ‫ݔ‬ሺ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͳሻ ൌ Ͳ
݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ Ͷ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵ ‫ݔ‬ൌͲ or ‫ݔ‬൅ͳൌͲ
݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ Ͳ ‫ ݔ‬ൌ െͳ
‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ Ͷ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵ ൌ Ͳ
‫ ݔ‬ଶ െ ͵‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ ݔ‬൅ ͵ ൌ Ͳ 8. Given that ݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ͵ െ ͷ‫ݔ‬, find
‫ݔ‬ሺ‫ ݔ‬െ ͵ሻ െ ͳሺ‫ ݔ‬െ ͵ሻ ൌ Ͳ (i) ݂ሺͶሻ
ሺ‫ ݔ‬െ ͵ሻሺ‫ ݔ‬െ ͳሻ ൌ Ͳ (ii) ݂ሺ͹ܽሻǤ
‫ݔ‬െ͵ൌͲ or ‫ݔ‬െͳ ൌ Ans
Ͳ (i) ݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ͵ െ ͷ‫ݔ‬
‫ݔ‬ൌ͵ ‫ݔ‬ൌͳ ݂ሺͶሻ ൌ ͵ െ ͷሺͶሻ
݂ሺͶሻ ൌ ͵ െ ʹͲ
6. If ݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ ͵‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ݇‫ ݔ‬െ Ͷ, find ݇ ݂ሺͶሻ ൌ െͳ͹
given that ݂ሺ͵ሻ ൌ ͳͳ.
Ans (ii) ݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ͵ െ ͷ‫ݔ‬
݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ‫ ݔ‬ଷ െ ͵‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ݇‫ ݔ‬െ Ͷ ݂ሺ͹ܽሻ ൌ ͵ െ ͷሺ͹ܽሻ
݂ሺ͵ሻ ൌ ሺ͵ሻଷ െ ͵ሺ͵ሻଶ ൅ ݇ሺ͵ሻ െ Ͷ ݂ሺ͹ܽሻ ൌ ͵ െ ͵ͷܽ
ͳͳ ൌ ʹ͹ െ ʹ͹ ൅ ͵݇ െ Ͷ
ͳͳ ൅ Ͷ ൌ ͵݇ 9. Given that ݂ሺ‫ݔ‬ሻ ൌ ʹ‫ ݔ‬ଶ ൅ ͹‫ݔ‬,
͵݇ ൌ ͳͷ calculate
݇ൌͷ (i) ݂ሺ͵ሻ

88 and Stationery
QUESTION AND ANSWER .

૛
൬࢟ ૛൰ ࢊࢋ࢚ ൌ ૙
1. ૚ૡ ૚
ࢊࢋ࢚ ൌ ൫࢟૛ ൈ ૚൯ െ ሺ૚ૡ ൈ ૛ሻ
(a) Find the value of ࢘ for which the
࢘ ૛૝ ૙ ൌ ࢟૛ െ ૜૟
matrix ቀ ቁ is singular.
െ૝ ૜ ࢟૛ ൌ ૜૟
૜ ૛ ࢞
(b) Given that ቀ ቁ ቀ࢟ቁ ൌ ࢟ ൌ േ૟
૚ െ૚
૚૟
ቀ ቁ, calculate the value of ࢞ and
ૠ ࢟൅૛ ૜
3. Given that the matrix ൬ ൰ has
࢟. ࢟െ૚ ૝
Ans determinant 4, find the value of ࢟.
(a) ቀ
࢘ ૛૝
ቁ det=0 Ans
െ૝ ૜
࢟൅૛ ૜
ࢊࢋ࢚ ൌ ሺ૜ ൈ ࢘ሻ െ ሺ૛૝ ൈ െ૝ሻ ൬ ൰ ࢊࢋ࢚ ൌ ૝
࢟െ૚ ૝
૙ ൌ ૜࢘ ൅ ૢ૟ ࢊࢋ࢚ ൌ ૝ሺ࢟ ൅ ૛ሻ െ ૜ሺ࢟ െ ૚ሻ
െ૜࢘ ൌ ૢ૟ ૝ ൌ ૝࢟ ൅ ૡ െ ૜࢟ ൅ ૜
࢘ ൌ െ૛૝ ૝ െ ૚૚ ൌ ૝࢟ െ ૜࢟
૜ ૛ ࢞ ૚૟ ࢟ ൌ െૠ
(b) ቀ ቁ ቀ࢟ቁ ൌ ቀ ቁ
૚ െ૚ ૠ
െ૝ െૠ
:det=ሺ૜ ൈ െ૚ሻ െ ሺ૛ ൈ ૚ሻ ൌ െ૞ 4. Given that ࡼ ൌ ቀ ቁ and ࡽ ൌ
૚ ૜
࢞ ૚ െ૚ െ૛ ૚૟ ૛ െ૜
‫ ׵‬ቀ࢟ቁ ൌ െ ቀ ቁቀ ቁ ቀ ቁ, calculate the matrices
૞ െ૚ ૜ ૠ ૝ െ૚
૚ െ૚૟ െ ૚૝ (i) P+3Q,
ൌെ ቀ ቁ
૞ െ૚૟ ൅ ૛૚ (ii) ࡽ૛ ,
૚ െ૜૙
ൌെ ቀ ቁ (iii) The inverse of P.
૞ ૞
૟ Ans
ൌቀ ቁ
െ૚ (i) P+3Q
‫ ࢞ ׵‬ൌ ૟ࢇ࢔ࢊ࢟ ൌ െ૚ െ૝ െૠ ૛ െ૜
ൌቀ ቁ൅ ૜ቀ ቁ
૚ ૜ ૝ െ૚
െ૝ െૠ ૟ െૢ
૛ ൌቀ ቁ൅ቀ ቁ
2. The matrix ൬ ࢟ ૛൰ is singular. ૚ ૜ ૚૛ െ૜
૚ૡ ૚
૛ െ૚૟
Calculate the two possible values of ൌቀ ቁ
૚૜ ૙
࢟.
Ans (ii) ࡽ૛ ൌ ቀ
૛ െ૜ ૛ െ૜
ቁቀ ቁ
૝ െ૚ ૝ െ૚

91 and Stationery
૝ െ ૚૛ െ૟ ൅ ૜ ࢊࢋ࢚ ൌ ሺ૝ ൈ ૛ሻ െ ሺെ૚ ൈ ૙ሻ ൌ ૡ
ൌቀ ቁ
ૡ െ ૝ െ૚૛ ൅ ૚
૚ ૛ ૚
െૡ െ૜ ࢏࢔࢜ࢋ࢙࢘ࢋ ൌ ቀ ቁ
ൌቀ ቁ ૡ ૙ ૝
૝ െ૚૚
െ૝ െૠ (ii) ࢁࢂ ൌ ࢂࢁ
(iii) ቀ ቁ
૚ ૜ ૝ െ૚ ૛ ૜ ૛ ૜ ૝ െ૚
ቀ ቁቀ ቁൌቀ ቁቀ ቁ
ࢊࢋ࢚ ൌ ሺെ૝ ൈ ૜ሻ െ ሺെૠ ൈ ૚ሻ ૙ ૛ ૙ ࢚ ૙ ࢚ ૙ ૛
ૡ ૚૛ െ ࢚ ૡ െ૛ ൅ ૟
ൌ െ૚૛ ൅ ૠ ൌ െ5 ቀ ቁൌቀ ቁ
૙ ૛࢚ ૙ ૛࢚
૚ ૜ ૠ
Inverse ൌ െ ૞ ቀ ቁ ‫ ׵‬૚૛ െ ࢚ ൌ ૝
െ૚ െ૝
࢚ ൌ ૚૛ െ ૝
5. ࢚ൌૡ
૞
(a) Evaluateሺ૝ ૛ሻ ቀ ቁ.
െ૚ૠ ૠ െ૛ െ૚ ૛
7. ࡭ ൌ ቀ ቁǡ࡮ ൌ ቀ ቁ
૛ ૟ ૝ െ૚ െ૝ ૠ
(b) Express ૜ ቀ ቁെ
െ૚ ૝ െ૜ െ૞
ࢇ࢔ࢊࡹ ൌ ቀ ቁ . Find
૚ െ૟ ૛ ૛ ૟
ቀ ቁ as a single matrix.
૛ ૙ ૡ (a) AB
Ans (b) The inverse of M.
૞ Ans
(a) ሺ૝ ૛ሻ ቀ ቁ
െ૚ૠ
(a) ࡭࡮
ൌ ૛૙ െ ૜૝
ૠ െ૛ െ૚ ૛
ൌ െ૚૝ ൌቀ ቁቀ ቁ
૝ െ૚ െ૝ ૠ
૛ ૟ ૚ െ૟ ૛ െૠ ൅ ૡ ૚૝ െ ૚૝
(b) ૜ ቀ ቁെ ቀ ቁ ൌቀ ቁ
െ૚ ૝ ૛ ૙ ૡ െ૝ ൅ ૝ ૡെૠ
૟ ૚ૡ െ૜ ૚ ૚ ૙
ൌቀ ቁെቀ ቁ ൌቀ ቁ
െ૜ ૚૛ ૙ ૝ ૙ ૚
૟ ൅ ૜ ૚ૡ െ ૚
ൌቀ ቁ
െ૜ െ ૙ ૚૛ െ ૝
െ૜ െ૞
ૢ ૚ૠ (b) ቀ ቁ
ൌቀ ቁ ૛ ૟
െ૜ ૡ
ࢊࢋ࢚ ൌ ሺെ૜ ൈ ૟ሻ െ ሺെ૞ ൈ ૛ሻ ൌ െૡ
૚ ૟ ૞
6. ࢏࢔࢜ࢋ࢙࢘ࢋ ൌ െ ቀ ቁ
ૡ െ૛ െ૜
૝ െ૚ ૛ ૜
ࢁൌቀ ቁǡࢂ ൌ ቀ ቁ
૙ ૛ ૙ ࢚
(i) Find the inverse of U 8.
(ii) Given that ࢁࢂ ൌ ࢂࢁ, calculate (a) M is a 2ൈ2 matrix such that ࡹ െ
the value of t. ૚ െ૚ ૚ ૚
૛ቀ ቁ ൌ ૜ቀ ቁ. Find
૙ ૚ െ૚ ૙
Ans
M.
૝ െ૚
(i) ቀ ቁ
૙ ૛

92 and Stationery
Ans Sub (i) to (ii)

(a) Ͷ݇ ൌ ͵݄
(i) ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܱܳ ൌ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܱܴ ൅ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܴܳ Ͷ݇ ൌ ͵ሺͳ െ ݇ሻ
ൌ ͷ࢈ ൅ ͵ࢇ ͹݇ ൌ ͵
ଷ
(ii) ሬሬሬሬሬԦ ൌ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܴܲ ܴܱ ൅ ܱܲሬሬሬሬሬԦ ݇ൌ
଻
ൌ െͷ࢈ ൅ Ͷࢇ Ͷ ͵
‫ ݄ ׵‬ൌ ܽ݊݀݇ ൌ
ൌ Ͷࢇ െ ͷ࢈ ͹ ͹
ସ
(e) ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܱܺ ൌ ܱܳ ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ
଻
(iii) ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܲܳ ൌ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܱܲ ൅ ܱܳ ܱܺ Ͷ
ൌ
ܺܳ ͵
ൌ െͶࢇ ൅ ͷ࢈ ൅ ͵ࢇ
ൌ ͷ࢈ െ Ͷࢇ ൅ ͵ࢇ
ൌ ͷ࢈ െ ࢇ
ሬሬሬሬሬԦ ൌ ܴ݇ܲ
(b) ܴܺ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ሬሬሬሬሬԦ ൌ ࢖ ൅ ͷࢗǡ ܱ‫ܤ‬
6. If ܱ‫ܣ‬ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ ൌ ͹࢖ ൅ ͵ࢗ
ൌ ݇ሺͶࢇ െ ͷ࢈ሻ
ൌ Ͷ݇ࢇ െ ͷ݇࢈ and ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
‫ ܤܣ‬ൌ ͵݄࢖ ൅ ሺ݄ െ ݇ሻࢗ. Find
the values of h and k.
‫ ׵‬ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܱܺ ൌ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܱܴ ൅ ܴܺ
Ans
ൌ ͷ࢈ ൅ Ͷ݇ࢇ െ ͷ݇࢈
ሬሬሬሬሬԦ ൌ ‫ܣ‬
ܱ‫ܣ‬
ൌ ͷ࢈ െ ͷ݇࢈ ൅ Ͷ݇ࢇ
ൌ ͷሺͳ െ ݇ሻ࢈ ൅ Ͷ݇ࢇ. ‫ ׵‬ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
‫ ܤܣ‬ൌ ‫ ܤ‬െ ‫ܣ‬
ൌ ͹࢖ ൅ ͵ࢗ െ ሺ࢖ ൅ ͷࢗሻ
ሬሬሬሬሬԦ ൌ ݄ܱܳ
(c) ܱܺ ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ ൌ ͸࢖ െ ʹࢗ
ൌ ݄ሺͷ࢈ ൅ ͵ࢇሻ
ൌ ͷ݄࢈ ൅ ͵݄ࢇ ͵݄࢖ ൅ ሺ݄ െ ݇ሻࢗ ൌ ͸࢖ െ ʹࢗ
͵݄ ൌ ͸ ݄ െ ݇ ൌ െʹ
(d) ͷሺͳ െ ݇ሻ࢈ ൅ Ͷ݇ࢇ ൌ ͷ݄࢈ ൅ ͵݄ࢇ ݄ൌʹ ݇ൌͶ
ͷሺͳ െ ݇ሻ ൌ ͷ݄ ………….(i) 7. ܻܺܽ݊݀ are two points with
Ͷ݇ ൌ ͵݄ …………………..(ii) coordinates ሺͶǡ ͸ሻܽ݊݀ሺͺǡ ͳሻ

respectively.
ͷ݄ ൅ ͷ݇ ൌ ͷ ՜ ݄ ൅ ݇ ൌ ͳ (i) ሬሬሬሬሬԦ as a column

Find ܻܺ
͵ Ͷ vector,
՜݄ ൌͳെ݇ ՜݄ ൌͳെ ՜݄ൌ
͹ ͹

105 and Stationery
(ii) ሬሬሬሬሬԦห.
Find หܻܺ Ans
Ans (i) ሬሬሬሬሬԦ ൌ ܳ െ ܲ

ܲܳ
(i) ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܻܺ ൌ ܻ െ ܺ ͳʹ ͷܾ ͵
ቀ ቁ ൌ ቀ ቁെቀ ቁ
ܽ െܾ Ͷ
ͺ Ͷ
ൌቀ ቁെቀ ቁ
ͳ ͸
Ͷ ܾ ൌ ͵ܽ݊݀ܽ ൌ െ͹
ൌቀ ቁ
െͷ
(ii) ሬሬሬሬሬԦห ൌ ξ͵ଶ ൅ Ͷଶ ൌ ξʹͷ ൌ ͷ

หܱܲ
(ii) ሬሬሬሬሬԦห ൌ
หܻܺ ඥͶଶ ൅ ሺെͷሻଶ
ൌ ξͳ͸ ൅ ʹͷ
ൌ ξͶͳ
͵
8. It is given that ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܱܲ ൌ ቀ ቁ ǡ ሬሬሬሬሬԦ
ܲܳ ൌ
Ͷ
ͳʹ ሬሬሬሬሬሬԦ ൌ ቀ ͷܾ ቁ.
ቀ ቁ ܱܽ݊݀ܳ
ܽ െܾ
(i) Find the value of ܽ and
the value of ܾ.
(ii) ሬሬሬሬሬԦห.
Calculate หܱܲ

106 and Stationery
What is the probability that the two balls b) ܲሺ൒ Ͷሻ ൌ

௡ሺஹସሻ ଷଷ
ൌ ൌ .
ଵଵ
௡ሺ‫א‬ሻ ଷ଺ ଵଶ
chosen are
௡ሺ௢ௗௗሻ ଵ଼ ଵ
a) Both black c) ܲሺ‫݀݀݋‬ሻ ൌ ௡ሺ‫א‬ሻ ൌ ൌ
ଷ଺ ଶ
b) Both red
Solution
Example (tree diagram)
a) ܲሺ‫ܤ ת ܤ‬ሻ ൌ ܲሺ‫ܤ‬ሻ ൈ ܲሺ‫ܤ‬ሻ
͸ ͸ A bag contains 3 green balls and 7 red balls,
ൌ ൈ two balls were picked one after the other,
ͻ ͻ
without replacement. Find the probability of
Ͷ picking,
ൌ
ͻ
a) Two red balls
b) ܲሺܴ ‫ܴ ת‬ሻ ൌ ܲሺܴሻ ൈ ܲሺܴሻ
b) At least one green
͵ ͵ ͳ
ൌ ൈ ൌ c) Balls of the same colour
ͻ ͻ ͻ
Solution
Table of outcomes and tree diagram
Throwing a dice two times; Second pick outcomes
ଶ
First pick G P (GG)
First throw ଽ
1 2 3 4 5 6
Second throw
ଷ ଻
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 ଵ଴ G R P (GR)
ଽ
2 3 4 5 6 7 8
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ଷ
ଽ G P (RG)
4 5 6 7 8 9 10
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ଻ ଺
6 7 8 9 10 11 12 R R P (RR)
ଵ଴ ଽ
Each branch is supposed to add up to one.

Sum of the outcomes
a) ܲሺܴܴሻ ൌ ܲሺܴሻ ൈ ܲሺܴሻ
Example (table of outcomes) ͹ ͸
ൌ ൈ
ͳͲ ͻ
From the table above. Find the probability that ʹͳ ͹
ൌ ൌ
the sum is Ͷͷ ͳͷ
b) ܲሺ൒ ‫݊݁݁ݎ݃݁݊݋‬ሻ
a) A 7 ൌ ܲሺ‫ܩܴ ׫ ܴܩ ׫ ܩܩ‬ሻ
b) At least 4 ൌ ܲሺ‫ܩܩ‬ሻ ൅ ܲሺ‫ܴܩ‬ሻ ൅ ܲሺܴ‫ܩ‬ሻ
c) An odd number. ͵ ʹ ͵ ͹ ͹ ͵
ൌ൬ ൈ ൰൅൬ ൈ ൰൅൬ ൈ ൰
Solution ͳͲ ͻ ͳͲ ͻ ͳͲ ͻ
ͺ
௡ሺ଻ሻ ଺ ൌ
a) ܲሺ͹ሻ ൌ ൌ ͳͷ
௡ሺ‫א‬ሻ ଷ଺

112 and Stationery
(a) The value of ࢞, (ii) ሖ .

࡯ࡻࡲ
ሖ ,
(b) ࡺ࡯࡮
ሖ .
(c) Reflex࡯࡭ࡻ
Ans
C O
Ans
N M D G
E F
(a) Number of lines of symmetry of a
C regular polygon is equal to the sides.
O ‫ ࢔࢕ࢍࢇࢉࢋࢊࢇ࢘࢕ࢌ ׵‬ൌ
ૢ૞ι ૚૙࢒࢏࢔ࢋ࢙࢕ࢌ࢙࢟࢓࢓ࢋ࢚࢘࢟
૜૙ι
A ࢞ι (b)
B ૜૟૙
(i) Exterior angle ൌ
࢔
(a) ࢞ ൅ ૜૙ ൌ ૢ૞ ૜૟૙
ൌ
࢞ ൌ ૢ૞ െ ૜૙ ૚૙
࢞ ൌ ૟૞ ൌ ૜૟ι
࢏ ൅ ࢋ ൌ ૚ૡ૙
ሖ ൌ ૚ૡ૙ െ ࢞
(b) ࡺ࡯࡮ ࢏ ൌ ૚ૡ૙ െ ૜૟
ൌ ૚ૡ૙ െ ૟૞ ‫ ࢋ࢒ࢍ࢔ࢇ࢘࢕࢏࢘ࢋ࢚࢔࢏ ׵‬ൌ ૚૝૝ι
ൌ ૚૚૞
(ii) Angle at the center of a
ሖ ൌ ૜૟૙ െ ૜૙
(c) ࢘ࢋࢌ࢒ࢋ࢞࡯࡭ࡻ regular polygon is equal to
ൌ ૜૜૙ι the exterior angle.
‫ࡲࡻ࡯ ׵‬ሖ ൌ ૜૟ ൈ ૜
4. ൌ ૚૙ૡι
C O
5.
L M N
D G
Y
E F
The diagram is part of a regular decagon Q P
In the diagram, LMQ is an isosceles triangle
࡭࡮࡯ࡰࡱࡲࡳࡴࡵࡶ with centerࡻ. ሖ ൌ ૞૙ι. The straight
with QL = QM and ࡸࡽࡹ
(a) State the number of lines of line LMN is parallel to QP, YN is parallel to
symmetry of the decagon. QM and PY is parallel to QL.
(b) Calculate Calculate
(i) The size of the interior (i) ሖ
ࡽࡸࡹ
angle of the decagon, (ii) ሖ
ࡹࡽࡼ

120 and Stationery
QUESTION AND ANSWER
1.
A O D
In the diagram, AD is the diameter of the circle ሖ ൌ ͸͸ι ൬ ݈ܽ݊݃݁‫ ݕܾ݀݁݀݊݁ݐܾݑݏݏ‬൰

a) ‫ܦܣܤ‬
݁‫݈ܽݑݍ݁݁ݎܽݏ݀ݎ݋݄݈ܿܽݑݍ‬
ABCD. Chords BC and CD are equal and
ሖ ൌ ͵͵ι. The side CD is produced to E.
‫ܤܣܥ‬ ሖ
‫ݏ݋݌݌݋‬ଓ‫݂݋ݏ݈݁݃݊ܽ݁ݐ‬
Calculate b) ‫ ܦܥܤ‬ൌ ͳͳͶι ቌ ܽܿ‫݈ܿݕ‬ଓܿ‫ ݀ݎܽݑݍ‬ቍ
ሖ
a) ‫ܦܣܤ‬ ܽ‫݈݌݌ݑݏ݁ݎ‬ଓ݉݁݊‫ݕݎܽݐ‬
ሖ
b) ‫ܦܥܤ‬
݅݊‫݈݁݃݀݊ܽݎ݋݅ݎ݁ݐ‬
ሖ
c) ‫ܧܦܣ‬ ሖ ൌ ͳʹ͵ι ൭ ݅‫ ݄݁ݐ݋ݐ݈ܽݑݍ݁ݏ‬൱
c) ‫ܧܦܣ‬
Answer ‫ݎ݋݅ݎ݁ݐݔ݁݁ݐ݅ݏ݋݌݌݋‬
2.
i. ሖ ,
‫ܱܥܣ‬
ii. ሖ ,
‫ܱܣܦ‬
iii. ሖ .
Reflex ‫ܥܱܣ‬
Answer
i. ሖ െ ʹʹ
‫ ܱܥܣ‬ൌ Ͷ͸
݈ܽ‫ݏ݈݁݃݊ܽ݃݊݅ݐܽ݊ݎ݁ݐ‬
ൌ ʹͶι ൬ ൰
ܾ݁ܿܽ‫ݏ݈݈݈݈݁݊݅݁ܽݎܽ݌݄݁ݐ݂݋݁ݏݑ‬
ii. ሖ ൌ
‫ܱܣܦ‬
݅‫ݏݑ݅݀ܽݎ݄݁ݐ݁ݏݑܾ݈ܽܿ݁݁݃݊ܽ݅ݎݐݏ݈݁݁ܿݏ݋ݏ‬
In the diagram AB is parallel to DC and O is
ሖ ൌ Ͷ͸ι and
the centre of the circle. Given that ‫ܥܣܤ‬ ሖ ,
‫ܥͲܣ݂݀݊݅݋ݐ‬
ሖ ൌ ʹʹι , find
ܱ‫ܦܥ‬
124 and Stationery
Prisms
Rectangular
Triangular
Trapezium
Circular(cylinder)
Polygonal
Volumes
 A prism has a uniform cross-section, the formula to calculate volume is general to all prisms as;
࢜࢕࢒࢛࢓ࢋ ൌ ࢉ࢘࢕࢙࢙ࢋࢉ࢚࢏࢕࢔ࢇ࢒ࢇ࢘ࢋࢇ ൈ ࢒ࢋ࢔ࢍ࢚ࢎ
Or ࢜࢕࢒࢛࢓ࢋ ൌ ࢈ࢇ࢙ࢋࢇ࢘ࢋࢇ ൈ ࢎࢋ࢏ࢍࢎ࢚
Length
Cross section
 The area of cross section depends on the shape of the cross section ,
 For the cylinder the formula to find the volume would be;
‫ ݁݉ݑ݈݋ݒ‬ൌ ܿ‫ ܽ݁ݎ݈ܽܽ݊݋݅ݐܿ݁ݏݏݏ݋ݎ‬ൈ ݈݁݊݃‫݄ݐ‬
‫ ݒ‬ൌ ߨ‫ ݎ‬ଶ ݈
Prism Shape of cross section volume
rectangular rectangle ݈ൈ‫ݓ‬ൈ݄
triangular Triangle ͳ
ܾ݄ ൈ ݈
ʹ
cylinder Circle ߨ‫ ݎ‬ଶ ݈

trapezium ͳ
ሺܽ ൅ ܾሻ݄ ൈ ݈
ʹ

138 and Stationery
Answer
a)
i. On diagram
ii. On diagram
iii. ܴܲ ൌ ͷǡͺܿ݉
ଵ
iv. Area ൌ ଶ ܾܽ ‫ߠ ݊݅ݏ‬
ଵ
ൌ ଶ ሺͺሻሺͷǤͺሻ‫݊݅ݏ‬͸Ͳ
ൌ ͶሺͷǤͺሻ‫݊݅ݏ‬͸Ͳ
= ʹͲǤͳι
b) Locus between two lines
Locus of points equidistant from PR and RQ

148 and Stationery
5.
(a) Find the gradient of the line ݈ which passes through (6; 8) and (0; 5).
(b) Find the equation of the line which is parallel to line ݈ in(a) and passes through
(4; െ5).
Answer
a) (6; 8) and (0; 5).
ͺെͷ
݉ൌ
͸െͲ
͵
ൌ
͸
ͳ
ൌ
ʹ
b) Parallel lines have the same gradient
‫ ݕ‬െ ‫ݕ‬ଵ ൌ ݉ሺ‫ ݔ‬െ ‫ݔ‬ଵ ሻ
ͳ
‫ ݕ‬െ െͷ ൌ ሺ‫ ݔ‬െ Ͷሻ
ʹ
ͳ
‫ݕ‬൅ͷൌ ‫ݔ‬െʹ
ʹ
ͳ
‫ ݕ‬ൌ ‫ݔ‬െʹെͷ
ʹ
ͳ
‫ ݕ‬ൌ ‫ݔ‬െ͹
ʹ

160 and Stationery
Travel graphs
 interpret distance – time graphs

 draw distance – time graphs
 use distance-time graphs to solve problems
 draw speed-time graphs
 solve problems involving travel graphs
 explain the relationship of displacement, velocity, acceleration and time
 draw displacement-time graphs
 draw velocity-time graphs
 solve problems involving displacement-time and velocity-time graphs
QUESTION AND ANSWER
1. The diagram below is the speed- time graph of a car journey.

Speed in m/s
24
0 8 54 60 time in seconds
Calculate
(a) The total distance travelled during the 60 seconds,

(b) The acceleration of the car during the first 8s,
(c) The speed of the car at the end of the 56th second.
Answer
ଵ
a. Total distanceൌ ܽ‫ =݄݌ܽݎ݄݃݁ݐݎ݁݀݊ݑܽ݁ݎ‬area of trapezium= ሺ‫ݏ݁݀݅ݏ݈݈݈݁ܽݎݎܽ݌݂݋݉ݑݏ‬ሻ
ଶ
ͳ
ൌ ሺܽ ൅ ܾሻ݄
ʹ
ͳ
ൌ ሺͶ͸ ൅ ͸ͲሻʹͶ
ʹ
ൌ ͳͲ͸ ൈ ͳʹ
ൌ ͳʹ͹ʹ݉
௖௛௔௡௚௘௜௡௩௘௟௢௖௜௧௬
b. ݈ܽܿܿ݁݁‫ ݊݋݅ݐܽݎ‬ൌ ௖௛௔௡௚௘௜௡௧௜௠௘
ʹͶ
ൌ
ͺ
ൌ ͵݉Ȁ‫ ݏ‬ଶ
c. ሺͷ͸Ǣ ‫ݒ‬ሻܽ݊݀ሺͷͶǢ ʹͶሻ
ʹͶ െ ‫ݒ‬ ʹͶ
ൌ
ͷͶ െ ͷ͸ ͸

161 and Stationery
ʹͶ െ ‫ ݒ‬ൌ െͶሺെʹሻ
െ‫ ݒ‬ൌ ͺ െ ʹͶ
െ‫ ݒ‬ൌ െͳ͸
‫ ݒ‬ൌ ͳ͸m/s
2.
The diagram above shows a velocity-time graph of a particle which decelerates uniformly from a
velocity of 40 m/s to a velocity of 25 m/s in 20 seconds. It further decelerates uniformly at a rate
of 2,5 ݉Ȁ‫ ݏ‬ଶ until it comes to rest.
Given that the total time of the journey is T seconds, calculate

a) The deceleration of the particle during the first 20 seconds
b) The value of T,
c) The total distance covered in the T seconds,
d) The average speed for the whole journey.
Answer
a) The deceleration of the particle during the first 20 seconds
ሺͲǢ ͶͲሻሺʹͲǢ ʹͷሻ
݄ܿܽ݊݃݁݅݊‫ݕݐ݅ܿ݋݈݁ݒ‬
݈ܽܿܿ݁݁‫ ݊݋݅ݐܽݎ‬ൌ
݄ܿܽ݊݃݁݅݊‫݁݉݅ݐ‬
ͶͲ െ ʹͷ
ൌ
Ͳ െ ʹͲ
ͳͷ
ൌ
െʹͲ
ൌ െͲǡ͹ͷ݉Ȁ‫ ݏ‬ଶ

162 and Stationery

175 and Stationery
Linear programming
 represent inequalities on a Cartesian plane
 solve simultaneous linear inequalities graphically
 express a given life situation using inequality symbols
 solve life problems using inequalities
QUESTION AND ANSWER
1.
Ͳ ͵
Write down the 3 inequalities which define the un shaded region R.
Answer
Equation Inequality
࢞ൌ૙ ࢞൒૙
࢟ൌ૚ ࢟൒૚

176 and Stationery
Transformation

 define transformation
 define translation
 translate plane figures
 describe translation
 translate plane figures and points
 define reflection
 reflect a point or a plane figure in a given mirror line
 translate plane figures on Cartesian Plane using translation vectors
 describe fully the translations between given objects and images
 reflect plane figures in a line of reflection
 find the axis of reflection of given objects and images
 rotate points and plane figures on a Cartesian plane using geometric methods
 find the centre of rotation
 determine the angle of rotation
 reflect plane figures in any line of the form ‫ ݉ = ݕ‬+ ܿ
 determine matrices for their reflection in ‫ܽ ݔ‬nd ‫ ݕ‬− ܽxis: ‫ݔ = ݕ‬, ‫ =ݕ‬−‫ݔ‬
 rotate plane shapes by drawing
 rotate plane shapes using matrices
 find matrices of rotations about the origin through angles which are multiples of 90°
 describe fully the rotation given:
- a matrix
- object and its image
 enlarge plane figures using matrices about the origin
 Define stretch
 Draw images of plane shapes using geometrical methods
 calculate coordinates of the image given the matrices
 draw images of plane figures given matrices
 identify invariant line/point
 describe fully a stretch given a
- matrix
- object and its image
 define shear
 Draw images of plane shape using geometrical methods
 compute coordinates of the images given a matrix
 draw images of plane figures given the matrix of transformations
 describe completely the shear given a
-a matrix
-an object and its image

182 and Stationery
QUESTION AND ANSWER

ଵ
1. Quadrilateral Q has vertices (-2;0), (-3;0), (-3;1 ) and (-2;1). Using a scale of 2cm to represent 1
ଶ
unit on axes, draw the x and y axes for െ͸ ൑ ൑ ʹ െ ͵ ൑ ൑ ͷ .
a) Draw and label Q
b) Q is mapped onto Q’ by a reflection in the line ൌ ͳ െ
(i) Draw the line ൌ ͳ െ
(ii) Draw and label Q’
ଵ
c) Q is mapped onto Q’’ with vertices(-1;-1), (-1;-2), (-2 Ǣ െʹ) and (-2;-1)
ଶ
(i) Draw and label Q’’
(ii)Describe completely the single transformation which maps Q onto Q’’
ʹ Ͳ
d) Q’’’ is the image of Q under a transformation represented by the matrix ቀ ቁDraw and
Ͳ ͵
label
Answer
a) On diagram
b)
i. Table of values
‫ݔ‬ 0 1
‫ݕ‬ 1 0
ii. On diagram,
c)
i. On the diagram
ii. Rotation
ͻͲι ant c/w
ܿ݁݊‫ ݁ݎݐ‬ሺെͳǢ Ͳሻ
ʹ Ͳ െʹ െ͵ െ͵ െʹ
d) ቀ ቁቆ Ͳ Ͳ ͳ
ଵ ቇ
Ͳ ͵ ଶ ͳ
െͶ െ͸ െ͸
ൌ൭ ͳെͶ൱
Ͳ Ͳ Ͷ ͵
ʹ
‫ ݊݋‬diagram

188 and Stationery
Exercise 1
On a farm the numbers of workers picking fruits on eleven days last march were 3, 8, 9, 12, 15, 12,
13, 10, 8, 4.find
(a) The median
(b) The mode of this distribution
(c) The mean
Bar chart
 A bar chart is statistical graph in which bars such that their lengths or heights are proportional to
the quantity they represent.
 A bar will be showing the frequency of the grade.
 The bar will be vertically up right if the frequency is at the vertical axis.
 If the bar is horizontal, the frequency will also be at the horizontal axis.
For a given table as;
Grade(‫)ݔ‬ A B C D
Frequency(݂) 10 25 30 15
The graph will be drawn as shown below
30
25
20
15
10
A B C D ‫ݔ‬
The bar’s length is the one showing the frequency of the grade. Thus the grade with the greatest length
will be the modal grade.
Exercise 2
The table below shows the distribution of marks in a test.

199 and Stationery
Marks 40 41 42 43 44 45 46
frequency 7 4 6 2 4 2 6
a) Draw a bar chat to show this distribution.

b) How many people took the test?
c) Find the median mark.
Pie chart
Is another way of representing data using sectors of a circle.
The angles of these sectors are found by finding the ratio of the frequency by 360ι
A communal farmer harvested 23 bags of maize, 9 bags of rapoko, 6 bags of ground nuts and two bags of
other crops.
a) Draw a pie-chart to represent the farmer’s yield.
No .of bags Angle of sector

23 ʹ͵
ൈ ͵͸Ͳι ൌ ʹͲ͹ι
ͶͲ
9 ͻ
ൈ ͵͸Ͳι ൌ ͺͳι
ͶͲ
6 ͸
ൈ ͵͸Ͳι ൌ ͷͶι
ͶͲ
2 ʹ
ൈ ͵͸Ͳι ൌ ͳͺι
ͶͲ
40 ͵͸Ͳι
ͳͺι
ͷͶι
ͺͳι ʹͲ͹ι
Exercise 3
The shoe sizes of a group of 30 students are;
6, 7, 6, 5, 4, 6, 7, 8, 7, 5, 5, 6, 7, 7, 6, 5, 4, 6, 6, 8, 7, 6, 6, 5, 6, 8, 6, 7, 6, 7.

200 and Stationery
b)
i. The modal class is the one with the highest frequency
ʹͲͲ ൑ ܵ ൏ ͵ͲͲ
௙௥௘௤௨௘௡௖௬ௗ௘௡௦௜௧௬
ii. Angle for ͷͲ ൑ ܵ ൏ ͳͲͲ ൌ ൈ ͵͸Ͳ
௧௢௧௔௟௙௥௘௤௨௘௡௖௬ௗ௘௡௦௜௧௬
ͳǤ͸
ൌ ൈ ͵͸Ͳ
ͳͳǡͶ
ൌ ͷͲǡͷι
c)
σሺ݈ܿܽ‫ ݁ݎݐ݊݁ܿݏݏ‬ൈ ݂‫ݕܿ݊݁ݑݍ݁ݎ‬ሻ
݉݁ܽ݊ ൌ
݊
ሺ͹ͷ ൈ ͺͲሻ ൅ ሺͳͷͲ ൈ ͵͸Ͳሻ ൅ ሺʹͷͲ ൈ ͵ͺͲሻ ൅ ሺ͵ͷͲ ൈ ͳʹͲሻ ൅ ሺͶʹͷ ൈ ͸Ͳሻ
ൌ
ͳͲͲͲ
ʹʹʹͷͲͲ
ൌ
ͳͲͲͲ
ൌ ̈́ʹʹʹǡͷͲ
d) Pሺ̈́͵ͲͲǤ ሻ
ͳͺͲ ͳ͹ͻ
ൌ ൈ
ͳͲͲͲ ͻͻͻ
͵ʹʹʹͲ
ൌ
ͻͻͻͲͲͲ
ͳ͹ͻ
ൌ
ͷͷͷͲ
6. The table shows the heights of 32 pupils measured to the nearest cm.
Height (h) ͳʹͲ ൑ ݄ ͳ͵Ͳ ൑ ݄ ͳͶͲ ൑ ݄ ͳͷͲ ൑ ݄ ͳ͸Ͳ ൑ ݄ ͳ͹Ͳ ൑ ݄ ͳͺͲ ൑ ݄
൏ ͳ͵Ͳ ൏ ͳͶͲ ൏ ͳͷͲ ൏ ͳ͸Ͳ ൏ ͳ͹Ͳ ൏ ͳͺͲ ൏ ͳͻͲ
frequency 1 3 6 10 7 4 1
Below is the cumulative frequency table for the information above

Upper class ݄ ൏ ͳ͵Ͳ ݄ ൏ ͳͶͲ ݄ ൏ ͳͷͲ ݄ ൏ ͳ͸Ͳ ݄ ൏ ͳ͹Ͳ ݄ ൏ ͳͺͲ ݄ ൏ ͳͲ
boundary
frequency 1 4 10 20 27 31 32
a) Using a scale of 2cm to represent 5 pupils on the vertical axis and 2cm to represent 10cm on
the horizontal axis, draw the cumulative frequency curve to illustrate this information
b) Use your graph to find the median height of the pupils.
c) To get into a game park at half price, pupils have to be under 150cm tall.
Find the number of pupils who can get in at half price.
d) If two pupils are chosen at random from the class, find the probability that the height of the
first is less than 150cm and that of the second is at least 160cm
e) Calculate an estimate of the mean height of the pupils.

205 and Stationery
ሺͳʹͷ ൈ ͳሻ ൅ ሺͳ͵ͷ ൈ ͵ሻ ൅ ሺͳͶͷ ൈ ͸ሻ ൅ ሺͳͷͷ ൈ ͳͲሻ ൅ ሺͳ͸ͷ ൈ ͹ሻ ൅ ሺͳ͹ͷ ൈ Ͷሻ ൅ ሺͳͺͷ ൈ ͳሻ
ൌ
͵ʹ
ͶͻͻͲ
ൌ
͵ʹ
ൌ ͳͷͷǡͻͶ݉ሾʹ݀‫݌‬ሿ
7.
Mark Ͳ൏‫ݔ‬ ͳͲ ൏ ‫ݔ‬ ʹͲ ൏ ‫ݔ‬ ͵Ͳ ൏ ‫ݔ‬ ͶͲ ൏ ‫ݔ‬ ͸Ͳ ൏ ‫ݔ‬ ͹Ͳ ൏ ‫ݔ‬ ͺͲ ൏ ‫ݔ‬ ͻͲ ൏ ‫ݔ‬
൑ ͳͲ ൑ ʹͲ ൑ ͵Ͳ ൑ ͶͲ ൑ ͸Ͳ ൑ ͹Ͳ ൑ ͺͲ ൑ ͻͲ ൑ ͳͲͲ
frequency 8 15 ‫݌‬ 29 83 20 10 8 2
C. 8 23 43 72 155 180 ‫ݍ‬ 198 200
frequency
Above is a cumulative frequency table for the distribution of marks obtained by 200 students in a
Geography test.
a) Find the value of ‫ ݌‬and the values of ‫ݍ‬
b) Using a scale of 2cm to represent 20 marks on the horizontal axis and 2cm to represent 20
students on the vertical axis, draw the cumulative frequency curve for the distribution.
c) Use the graph to estimate
i. The median mark,
ii. The number of students who scored 75 marks or more.
d) Calculate an estimate of the mean mark for the top 40 students.
Answer
a) ‫ ݌‬ൌ Ͷ͵ െ ʹ͵
‫ ݌‬ൌ ʹͲ
‫ ݍ‬ൌ ͳͺͲ ൅ ͳͲ
‫ ݍ‬ൌ ͳͻͲ
b)

207 and Stationery
c)
i. Median
ͳ
݉݁݀݅ܽ݊ ൌ ݊௧௛ ‫݉ݎ݁ݐ‬
ʹ
ͳ
ൌ ൈ ʹͲͲ௧௛ ‫݉ݎ݁ݐ‬
ʹ
ൌ ͳͲͲ௧௛ ‫݉ݎ݁ݐ‬
ൌ ͶͶ݉ܽ‫ݏ݇ݎ‬
ii. Number of students who scored 75 marks or moreൌ ͳ͸
d) Mean
σሺ݈ܿܽ‫ ݁ݎݐ݊݁ܿݏݏ‬ൈ ݂‫ݕܿ݊݁ݑݍ݁ݎ‬ሻ
݉݁ܽ݊ ൌ
݊

208 and Stationery
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About the publishing house

1st Edition 2022

Printed by Dingani Publishers in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe

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Olving triangles......................................................................................................................................... 127

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NUMBERS, TIME AND CONVERSIONS

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Numbers, Time and Conversions

Learners should be able to :

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and last digit of the repeating digits, e.g. 0.ͷሶ 28 95͹ሶ

h. Even numbers: numbers which are divisible by 2, eg, 2, 4, 6, 8, …

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two factors. 1 and the number itself.

l. A square number is the result of multiplying a number by itself.

m. A cube number is the result of multiplying a number by itself three times.

Ex: ͳଷ ǡ ʹଷ ǡ͵ଷ, … i.e. 1, 8, 27,…

+263292270289 Dingani Bookshop

ii. Operations Speed =

Divide To find the interest:

+263292270289 Dingani Bookshop

QUESTION AND ANSWER

1. Given the range ʹͲ ൏  ൏ ͹Ͳlist

2. ʹ െ ͸ ൈ ሺ͵ ൅ ʹሻ ൊ ʹ ൅ ͵ answer in the form ξ.

ʹെ͸ൈͷൊʹ൅͵ b) Find in Ȁ , the rate at

ʹ െ ͸ ൈ ʹǡͷ ൅ ͵ which a car travels if it covers

+263292270289 Dingani Bookshop

5. A motorist began a journey at 10 45.

a) Find the time when he arrived. ൌ ʹ ൅ ͳͷ

b) Given that he drove at an average ൌ ͳ͹

speed of 100km/h, calculate the b) ͸ ൅ ͵ଶ ൈ ʹ

distance that he drove. ൌ͸൅ͻൈʹ

a. ͳͲͶͷ ൅ ʹʹͳ ൌ ͳʹ͸͸ ൌ

simple interest at 5% per annum for 6 e) ͷͲ െ ͳ͸ ൊ ʹ ൅ ͸

b. ሺെͶ ൅ െ͸ሻሺ͵ െ െʹሻ ሺെ͵ ൅ ͷሻ െ ሺെ͹ ൅ Ͷሻ

9. Simplify as far as possible

+263292270289 Dingani Bookshop

+263292270289 Dingani Bookshop

݂݅ܽ݅‫ ܾ݄݊ܽݐݏݏ݈݁ݏ‬it’s a Proper fraction

݂݅ܽ݅‫ ܾ݄݊ܽݐݎ݁ݐܽ݁ݎ݃ݏ‬its an Improper fraction

Adding and subtracting fractions:

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Multiplying and dividing fractions:

+263292270289 Dingani Bookshop

QUESTION AND ANSWER

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QUESTION AND ANSWER

3. Given that ξ͹ ൌ ʹǡ͸Ͷ͸ and ξ͹Ͳ ൌ

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ൌ ૛ૡ૙૙࢓૛ (a) ξͶǣ ͻ

17. Tapiwa and Netsai share some 20.

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ൎ ͳʹ 9. Estimate ૝ǡ ૟૜ ൈ ૜૜ǡ ૟ correct to 1 significant

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QUESTION AND ANSWER

3. Find the exact value of 5. Find the value of

1. Given the range ʹͲ ൏ ൏ ͹Ͳlist

2. ʹ െ ͸ ൈ ሺ͵ ൅ ʹሻ ൊ ʹ ൅ ͵ answer in the form ξ.

ʹെ͸ൈͷൊʹ൅͵ b) Find in Ȁ , the rate at

a. ͳͲͶͷ ൅ ʹʹͳ ൌ ͳʹ͸͸ ൌ