Google Chrome
1. Define a Computer network?
A computer network is an  Web Server is a computer that
interconnected collection of
autonomous computers and devices to
exchange information or share
resources.
2. What are different network
architectures?
i. Peer to peer (P2P): Network in
which all computers have an equal
status are called peer to peer networks.
Each computer can act as a server as
well as a client.
ii. Client-Server: In this network there
are specific Computers that share
data ,softwares and hardware resources
(e.g. printers, modems etc.) called
servers. Other computers  that can
request for some services from server
are called clients.
3. Explain different types of
computer Networks ?
LAN WAN
1. It stands for Local 1. It stands for Wide
Area Network Area Network
2. It is a network
2. It is a network
across cities,
within a small area
countries and
such as building.
continents.
3. Twisted pair cable 3. Optical fiber or
is preferably used for satellite are used for
communication. communication
4. Example: 4. Example: Mobile
Computer Lab phone network
4. What is Internet?
Internet stands for interconnected
networks. It is interconnection of
computers all over the world.
5. What is WWW?
WWW stands for World Wide web. It is
a collection of protocols required for
transmitting documents on internet.
6. What is a Web Browser?
It is a software used to display web
pages and web sites. Examples of  web
browsers are
Microsoft Internet Explorer
Mozilla Firefox
7. What is Web Server?
stores web server software and a
website’s component files.
8. What are uses of a Computer
Network?
i. Resource sharing : We can share
hardware devices, softwares as well as
data on a network.
ii. Communication Medium : Network
can provide  communication between
different computers attached to a
network.
iii. Reduced Cost : Sharing of
resources helps in reducing hardware
and software cost
iv. Centralized Control: We can
centrally control the computers
attached to a network.
v. Central storage of data: We can
save data of entire network on single
computer. It helps in removing
duplication of data as well as
maintaining integrity of data.
9. How to get access to the
Internet?
To get access to Internet we need
following:
ISP: ISP stands Internet Service
Provider. It is an organization which
provides us access of Internet. For eg.
BSNL, JIO,  etc.
MODEM: MODEM stands for
Modulator/Demodulator. It is  a device
used to convert analog signal to digital
signal and vice versa. It is basically
used to run internet on your
computer/device.
10. What are types of Internet
Connectivity?
Types of Internet Connectivity can be
divided into two categories:
i. Wired Technology:
Dial-up: It uses the telephone line to
connect to a internet connection using a
MODEM. User needs to dial a number to
get access to internet. They are very
slow.
DSL: DSL stands for Digital Subscriber
Line. It  provides internet connectivity
by transmitting data over using wires of
local telephone network. We get wired
telephone and Data Transmission on
single telephone line.
Cable Internet Access:– It is
broadband Internet service provided
through existing cable TV networks.
ii. Wireless Technology:–
3G 3G stands for 3rd generation of
Mobile communication.Its speed was
upto 2Mbps. It provided high speed
internet with support for sending and
receiving large e-mails , Video
conferencing, 3D games and mobile TV.
High-Speed Downlink Packet Access
(HSDPA) is a 3G protocol that allows
higher data transfer rate.
11. What is WI FI?
Wi Fi stands for Wireless Fidelity. It is
the wireless networking technology that
uses radio waves to provide wireless
high-speed Internet and network
connections.
12. What is WiMax?
WiMax stands for Worldwide
Interoperability for Microwave Access.
It  represents fourth generation of
wireless Internet. It allows users to
connect to the high speed wireless
Internet that can cover very large
distance.
13. How is data transferred on a
network?
The data is broken up into pieces of
same size called packets.
A header is added to each packet
which contains information about 
source  as well as destination of data
and its  location with respect to  other
packets.
Each packet travels between multiple
computers until it finds its destination.
All these packets may not take the
same route.
These packets are examined at
destination. If any packet is missing or
damaged, a message is sent to source
to resend the packet. This process
continues until all packets are
completely received.
These packets are then combined to
get original data.
14. What is  Instant messaging?
It is a form of communication over the
Internet in which users can send
messages to each other in real time.
Most instant messaging softwares allow
text messages, audio chat, video calling
as well as sharing of desktops
15. List any five instant messaging
softwares.
1. Google Talk
2. Yahoo! Messenger
3. Skype
4. Windows Live Messenger
5. Rediff Bol
16. State any 03 rules and
etiquettes to be followed while
chatting on the Internet.
i. Messages should be short .
2. Always introduce yourself by name.
3. Always ask if the other person has
time to chat.
4. In a business communication, you
should know exactly what you want to
discuss.
5. Don’t type messages in uppercase as
it is considered rude.
6. Give people time to respond.
7. It’s important to properly end a
conversation.
17. What are the basic needs to use
instant messaging (chat) softwares.
1. Instant messaging software must be
installed on your computer or phone.
2.You must have an account on that
software.
3. You should have list of contacts that
are available for chat.
4. If you don’t have any contacts, you
can add contacts by sending an
invitation to others whom you want to
communicate.
18 What is a blog.
Blog is a website where you can share
information related to a specific topic.
19 Explain features of a blog.
i. It is similar to an online personal
diary
ii. It is simple to use.
iii. It can be used to convey messages
about events, announcements, news,
reviews etc.
iv. We need an active internet
connection to make changes.
20  List any 5 websites that provide
blog service.
1.WordPress.com
2.blogger.com
3.wix.com
4.weebly.com
5.blogsome.com
21 Difference between web page
and website.
Web page is a document that supports
hypertext.
Website is a collection of interconnected
web pages.
22 Explain the purpose of an offline
blog editor.
Offline blog editor is a tool that can be
used to create blogs without using
internet. We can create blogs offline on
our computer and publish them
whenever internet connectivity is
available.
23 List any five offline blog editors.
1.Qumana
2.Windows Live Writer
3.Blogdesk
4.MarsEdit
5.BlogJet
6.Blogo
24 What is an online transaction?
Online transaction is the method of
transferring money through internet in
secure manner.
25 What is the purpose of online
transaction?
Online transactions can be used for
online shopping. Online shopping is a
form of electronic commerce where
customers can buy or sell goods/things
over the Internet.
Customers must have an active internet
connection for viewing goods or
services offered by a seller.
Customers can pay online using a
credit, debit card or by internet
banking.
26. How is Online shopping useful?
Customer can place orders anywhere
anytime.
Customer does not need to move out
to visit stores.
There are more choices available.
Products or services that is not
available in the local market are
available online.
27. List any five websites that allow
online transactions.
1.IRCTC: an online portal for booking
flight and train tickets.
2.Flipkart: an online shopping portal for
buying consumer products.
3.EBay: an online portal for buying and
selling goods.
4.Redbus, an online portal for booking
bus tickets.
5.Paytm, an online portal for recharge
and paying bills.
28. List any three payment tools to
use online transactions.
PayTM: It is very popular application
using which you can make payment for
goods,  services as well as international
transactions. It has helped many shops
to go online. It provides its wallet that
can be linked to your bank account.
ii. Google Pay: Google Pay is a mobile
payment app that does not have a
wallet facility. It allows you to make
bank to bank transfers for free.
iii.Bharat Interface for Money
(BHIM): It  is a payment app that lets
you make simple, easy and quick
transactions using Unified Payments
Interface (UPI). You can make direct
bank payments to anyone using their
UPI ID or scanning their QR with the
BHIM app. You can also request money
through the app from a UPI ID.
29. What is Internet Security?
Internet security is a branch of
computer science that establishes rules
and measures against attacks over the
Internet.
30. How can we remain secure on
internet?
i. Use strong passwords: a
combination of alphanumeric and
special characters should be used for
creating a password.
ii Backup your data: Always keep
copies of personal data in CD or pen
drive
iii. Do not share personal
information: Don’t share your
personal information like
name, age, address, school etc on
unknown websites.
iv. Secure transactions: If you are
making online transactions you should
be careful while entering credit card or
debit card details
v. Install antivirus : Computers must
have antivirus to save your computer
from virus and other threats data from
your computer.
vi. Do not respond to e-mails from
unknown users .
vii. Clear browser cookies
frequently: Cookies are text files
created on your computer to monitor
your activities on websites.
viii. Keep the operating system and
software applications upto date
ix. Install firewall: Firewall is
collection of software and hardware to
allow or block network traffic on a
computer.
x. Never install software from
unknown sources
31 Explain different kinds of online
threats.
Phishing: It is a method of trying to
get personal information by using a
fake website.
Email Spoofing : It is the creation of
email messages with a fake sender
address.
Pharming: It is the process of
redirecting traffic of a website to
another website by using illegal
methods. 
Char Spoofing: This is also known as
script spoofing. In this case, similar-
looking characters can be used for
security attacks.
32. Write about basic safety rules
to follow at workplace
a.Your personal safety is your
responsibility.
b.Dress properly (Cloths as well as
shoes) .
c.Keep work area neat and tidy.
d.Follow the rules. 
e.Report workplace accidents.
f.Know and follow emergency
procedures.
g.Don’t operate tools or machinery that
you are not trained for.
h.Avoid drugs and alcohol at work.
i.Take breaks appropriately.
33. How can you provide fire safety
at workplace?
a.Don’t overload electrical circuits.
b.Turn off electrical equipments at the
end of day.
c.All kind of rubbish must be cleared.
d.Welding operations should be done in
protected areas.
e.Know the fire safety plan and
evacuation
f.Ensure that hazardous materials are
properly stored and protected.
g. Know how use fire extinguishers.
34. What are common causes of
falls and slips at workplace ?
a.Wet or oily surfaces.
b.Occasional spills.
c.Weather hazards.
d.Loose rugs or mats.
e.Flooring or other walking surfaces
that do not have same degree of
traction in all areas.
35. How can we avoid Falls and
Slips?
a.Cleaning of all spills immediately.
b.Marking of spills and wet areas.
c.Mopping or sweeping debris from
floors.
d.Removing obstacles from walkways.
e.Always closing file cabinet or drawers.
f.Covering cables .
g.Proper light in working area.
h.Replace fuse light bulbs and faulty
switches.
36. What are various Electrical
Safety Rules?
a.Avoid water while working with
electricity.
b.Never use equipment with damaged
wires or plugs.
c.Always use insulated tools.
d. Always use rubber gloves and
goggles.
e.Never try to repair electrical
equipment.
f.N ever use an aluminum or steel
ladder.
g.Turn off main switch if some electrical
repair is there.
37.What is First Aid?
It is the basic medical care to someone
experiencing a sudden injury or illness.
38. What is an Accident?
An unpleasant event that happens
unexpectedly and causes damage,
injury or death.
39. What is Emergency?
An emergency is a situation that may
be a risk to health, life, property, or
environment.  hazards.
40. Explain types of Accidents.
i.Physical: Physical accidents happen
due to collisions, falls, touching
something sharp or hot, accidentally
kicking the leg of a chair while walking,
accidentally tipping over a glass of
water, contacting electricity.
ii.Non-Physical: Non-physical
accidents include unintentionally
revealing a secret , saying something
incorrectly, accidental deletion of data,
forgetting an appointment etc.
41.How can we handle accidents?
a.Take control of situation.
b.Provide First aid .
c. Call for emergency services
( Ambulance, Fire Brigade, Police)
d.Deny access to people who don’t need
to be on the scene.
e.Identify people and conditions at the
scene. The people are witnesses to
what happened. Tell someone to note
down their names. If you’re alone, try
to notice who’s there.
f.Preserve physical evidence. Evidence
should not be altered or removed.
g.Evaluate how bad the loss is, how bad
it could have been, and whether
additional investigation resources are
needed.
h.Owners and upper management must
be immediately notified.
42. What are different types of
Emergencies?
a.Fire or explosions
b.Medical emergencies
c.Severe weather
d.Earthquakes
e.Major power failures
f.Hazardous material spills
43.How can we handle
emergencies?
a.Take a deep breath.
b.Tell yourself you can handle the
situation.
c.Protect yourself and the injured
person from fire, explosions or other
d.Try to look at the situation as a
whole.
What is the most serious problem and
what do you need to do first?
Treat the most life-threatening
problems like bleeding or shock first.
If you think the person has a spinal
injury, do not move him or her unless
the danger is great.
Check for broken bones and other
injuries.
44 .What are hazards and sources 46.What do you mean by healthy
of hazards? living?
A hazard is something that can harm a.Eat healthy and nutritious food.
individuals Vegetarian food is considered better for
Sources of hazards are: healthy body . So your meal should
a.Biological.Biological hazards include have fruits, vegetables, whole grains
viruses, bacteria, insects, animals etc., and low-fat milk products in excess.
that can cause make you sick. b.Avoid junk food and cold drinks.
b.Chemical. These are substances that c.Avoid Tobacco and Alcohol.
can cause harm. They can cause skin d.Do exercise, Yoga or play some
irritation, respiratory system irritation, outdoor game on regular basis.Get
blindness etc. enough sleep.
c.Physical. Physical hazards are e.Adopt a hobby.
environmental factors that can harm a f.Make good friends and spend some
person without touching them, time with them.
including heights, noise, radiation and
pressure.
d.Safety. These hazards create unsafe
working conditions. For example,
exposed wires or a damaged carpet
e.Ergonomic. These hazards occur due
to physical factors that result in
musculoskeletal injuries. For example, a
poor workstation setup in an office,
poor posture and manual handling.
f.Psychosocial. Psychosocial hazards
cause adverse effect on an employee’s
mental health. For example
harassment, victimisation, stress and
violence.
45. Explain General Evacuation
Procedures.
a.Activate the fire alarm.
b.Call 112 immediately .
c.Exit the building using emergency
maps.
d.Take injured  individuals to a secure
area .
e.Ensure that everyone is out of the
building.
f.Do not use the elevator or lift.
g.Use a fire extinguisher if it is safe to
do so .
h.Report hazardous conditions.
i.Stay low if confronted with smoke.
Check closed doors for heat before
opening.
j.Stay away from the building until it is
safe to return.