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  • SELF "A Unified Being, Essentially Connected To Consciousness, Awareness, and Agency". Classical Antiquity

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    The document discusses different philosophical perspectives on the self throughout history. It begins by defining the self as a unified being connected to consciousness, awareness, and agency. It then outlines views of the self from Classical Antiquity, including Socrates believing the true self is the soul rather than the physical body. Plato introduced a bifurcation between the metaphysical mind and physical body. Aristotle suggested the ideal is subsumed within phenomena. Empiricism holds knowledge comes from the senses and brain, while rationalism explains the self through logic and reasoning. During the Middle Ages, Augustine viewed all knowledge as leading to God, and only the pure of heart can see God through faith, love and understanding of the Gospel.

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    The document discusses different philosophical perspectives on the self throughout history. It begins by defining the self as a unified being connected to consciousness, awareness, and agency. It then outlines views of the self from Classical Antiquity, including Socrates believing the true self is the soul rather than the physical body. Plato introduced a bifurcation between the metaphysical mind and physical body. Aristotle suggested the ideal is subsumed within phenomena. Empiricism holds knowledge comes from the senses and brain, while rationalism explains the self through logic and reasoning. During the Middle Ages, Augustine viewed all knowledge as leading to God, and only the pure of heart can see God through faith, love and understanding of the Gospel.

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    8 views2 pages

    SELF "A Unified Being, Essentially Connected To Consciousness, Awareness, and Agency". Classical Antiquity

    Uploaded by

    Sheri Ann Patoc
    The document discusses different philosophical perspectives on the self throughout history. It begins by defining the self as a unified being connected to consciousness, awareness, and agency. It then outlines views of the self from Classical Antiquity, including Socrates believing the true self is the soul rather than the physical body. Plato introduced a bifurcation between the metaphysical mind and physical body. Aristotle suggested the ideal is subsumed within phenomena. Empiricism holds knowledge comes from the senses and brain, while rationalism explains the self through logic and reasoning. During the Middle Ages, Augustine viewed all knowledge as leading to God, and only the pure of heart can see God through faith, love and understanding of the Gospel.

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    PHILOSOPHY OF THE SELF

    Philosophy is often called the mother of all disciplines simply because all fields of study began as
    philosophical discourses.

    SELF “a unified being, essentially connected to consciousness, awareness, and agency”.

    CLASSICAL

    ANTIQUITY

    Socrates believed that the real self is not the physical body, but rather the psyche (or soul).

    Plato introduced in his dialogue, Phaedrus, the main idea is that the truth can be distinguished in two
    forms: the metaphysical realm (mind) and the physical world (body). He bifurcated the truth/reality into
    two: the ontos (ideal) the ultimate reality which tends to be permanent and spiritual, and the
    phenomena which refers to the manifestation of the ideal.

    Aristotle suggested that the ideal is subsumed in the phenomena. The ideal is essence and the
    phenomena is matter.

    The essence provides meaning and purpose to the matter, and the matter provides substance and
    solidity to essence. Knowledge is derived from experience- either perceived with the five senses or

    processed with the brain.

    EMPIRICISM

    Knowledge is derived from experience either perceived with the five senses or processed with the brain.

    RATIONALISM

    Explains self from the standpoint of what is “ideal” and “true”. Conclusions are derived from logic and
    reasoning.

    MIDDLE AGES

    ST. AGUSTINE Orientation

    Platonism

    Philosophy

    Neo-Platonism/Neoplatonism

    Description

    A ll knowledge leads to God.


    Only the pure in heart can see God.

    Love of God, faith in Him, and understanding of His Gospel will ultimately

    lead to happiness.

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