SOCIETY OF POLYMER ENGINEERS & TECHNOLOGISTS
Department of Polymer & Process Engineering
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“ PARTS OF SPEECH”
PREPOSITION:
DEFINITION:
Pre means “before” and position means “place”. A preposition links nouns, pronouns and
phrases to other words in a sentence. The word or phrase that the preposition introduces is
called the object of the preposition. A preposition usually indicates the temporal, spatial or
logical relationship of its object to the rest of the sentence. Among the eight parts of speech,
the preposition is one of the most important parts of a sentence.
TYPES OF PREPOSITION:
There are six types of preposition:
Prepositions of Time
Prepositions of Place
Prepositions of Direction
Prepositions of Agent or Instrument
Prepositions of Measure
Prepositions of Possession
PREPOSITIONS OF TIME:
These prepositions are used to refer to time in various aspects. e.g: at, on, in, for etc.
Preposition Nature of Time Examples
s
In Months or years She was born in
e.g: in March, in 2009 2002.
Particular time of a day or month or an We went to see
year glaciers in the
e.g: in morning, in evening, in the 4th winter.
week of April, in winter Everyone takes
A century or a specific time in past or breakfast in the
future morning.
e.g: in the 20th century, in early days, in .
future, in stone age
On A Day I was very happy on
e.g: on Sunday, on Friday the first day of my
Dates college.
e.g: on 3rd of March, on 1st April They will come here
on 12th of February.
Particular Days
e.g: on Independence Day, on Iqbal Day Ali was born on 4th
of May.
At Time of a clock The party will start
e.g: at 3 O’clock, at 3:30 PM at 12:00 PM.
Short & Precise times I will reach there at
e.g: at noon, at lunch time, at the 4 O’clock.
moment, at night(exception) Jane went home at
lunch time.
PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE:
These prepositions are used to illustrate the location of nouns or pronouns in a
[Link] include: In, On, Between, Behind, Under, Over, Near etc
Preposition Nature of Places Examples
s
In Place having some(physical or virtual) They live in
boundary America.
e.g: in a hall, in the building, in the car, in Do you live in a
the box, in England, in a room house or an
apartment?
She grew up in a
farm.
On Surfaces of Things The cat is sleeping
e.g: on the table, on the blackboard, on a on the carpet.
wall, on the page, on the map, on a roof The information is
on the top of the
page.
They placed their
books on a table.
At Specific places I met her at the bus
e.g: at bus stop, at the entrance, at front of stop.
the chair She waited for her
kids at the gate of
her home.
Were you at the
party too?
PREPOSITIONS OF DIRECTION:
These are used to describe the direction of one noun or pronoun towards another noun or
[Link] include: to, into, towards, through etc.
Prepositions Nature of direction Examples
To/Towards Indicates movement with the aim of a We went to London
specific destination, which can be a place last week.
or an event He kicked the ball
e.g: to classroom, to England towards the goal.
Into Signifies movement toward the interior of a She swerved and
capacity crashed into the
e.g: into the pool, into the litter can fence
The swimmer
jumped into the pool.
Onto Signifies movement toward a surface The dog climbed onto
e.g: onto the seashore, onto the floor the bed.
The farmer scattered
seed onto the fertile
ground.
Above Higher relative to something else The milk is above the
e.g: above the sink, above the milk soda in the
refrigerator.
The horse jumped
above the fence when
fire started.
Across On the other side of My friend lives across
e.g: across the street the street from me.
The garbage is spear
across the street.
PREPOSITIONS OF AGENT OR INSTRUMENT:
These prepositions are applied to indicate that an action conducted on a noun is caused by
another noun, when used in a [Link] include: by, with.
Prepositions Purpose of Use Examples
By Used to show a doing by a person Harry Potter was
written by J.K.
Rowling.
This sweater was
knitted for me by my
grandmother.
With used to show a doing by a thing Mother chopped
onions with a knife.
We drove away the
mosquitoes with the
repellant spray
PREPOSITIONS OF MEASURE:
These prepositions are applied to connect the quantity of the noun with the noun itself, when
used in a [Link] include: of, by.
Prepositions Purpose of Use Examples
Of Used when the topic is abstract or Can you give me a
measurement can’t be in numbers. piece of you cake?
The soldiers were
driven by the
bravery of their
spirits.
By Most commonly used preposition for the Tina won the match
purpose of measure, by is usually used to against
describe a measure, standard or value, Whitney by 2 points.
sometimes in comparisons or just stating
standard measurement The area of this
house is
measured by the
yard.
The leopard is
heavier than the
jaguar by 10
pounds.
PREPOSITIONS OF POSSESSION:
These prepositions are applied when it is needed to indicate that one noun or pronoun owns
another noun or pronoun in the [Link] include: to, with, of.
Prepositions Purpose of Use Examples
Of This preposition of possession is usually Canberra is the
used for cities, countries, people, and capital of Australia.
possessive pronouns like mine, yours, his,
hers etc. This is the
house of my uncle.
He is a
friend of ours.
With With is used with objects/materials/animals, I saw a girl with a
accents, and physical characteristics. pink purse.
The boy with the
dragon tattoo is
sitting by the corner.
The cat with black
spots on her tail is
my pet.
To A preposition that shows possession, this is This race course
usually used in the expression “belong to“ belongs to the
Government.
This garden
belongs to my old
aunt Mercy.
SPET
